考研英语考前三套题(一)

英语模拟试题(一)

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions：

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,

CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)

Mostworthwhilecareersrequiresomekindofspecializedtraining.Ideally,therefore,the

choiceofan1shouldbemadeevenbeforethechoiceofacurriculuminhighschool.Actually,2,

mostpeoplemakeseveraljobchoicesduringtheirworkinglives,3becauseofeconomicand

industrialchangesandpartlytoimprove4position.The“oneperfectjob“doesnotexist.Young

peopleshould5enterintoabroadflexibletrainingprogramthatwill6themforafieldofworkrather

thanforasingle7.

Unfortunatelymanyyoungpeoplehavetomakecareerplans8benefitofhelpfromacompetent

vocationalcounselororpsychologist.Knowing9abouttheoccupationalworld,orthemselvesfor

thatmatter,theychoosetheirlifeworkonahitormiss10.Somedriftfromjobtojob.

Others11toworkinwhichtheyareunhappyandforwhichtheyarenotfitted.

Onecommonmistakeischoosinganoccupationforl2realorimaginedprestige.Toomany

highschoolstudents—ortheirparentsforthem—choosetheprofessionalfield,13boththe

relativelysmallproportionofworkersintheprofessionsandtheextremelyhigheducationaland

personal14.Theimaginedorrealprestigeofaprofessionora“whitecollar”jobis15goodreason

fbrchoosingitaslife'swork.16,theseoccupationsarenotalwayswellpaid.Sincealarge

proportionofjobsareinmechanicalandmanualwork,the17ofyoungpeopleshouldgive

serious18tothesefields.

Beforemakinganoccupationalchoice,apersonshouldhaveageneralideaofwhathe

wants191ifeandhowhardheiswillingtoworktogetit.Somepeopledesiresocialprestige,others

intellectualsatisfaction.Somewantsecurity,othersarewillingtotake20forfinancialgain.Each

occupationalchoicehasitsdemandsaswellasitsrewards.

1.[A]identification[B]entertainment[C]accommodation[D]occupation

2.[A]however[B]therefore[CJthough[DJthereby

3.[A]entirely[B]mainIy[C]partly[D]his

4.[A]its[B]his[C]our[D]their

5.[A]since[Bltherefore[C]furthermore[D]forever

6.[A]make[B]fit[C]take[D]leave

7.[A]job[B]way[C]means[D]company

8.[A]to[B]for[C]without[D]with

9.[A]little[B]few[C]much[D]alot

10.[A]chance[B]basis[C]purpose[D]opportunity

11.[A]apply[B]appeal[C]stick[D]turn

12.[A]our[B]its[C]your[D]their

13.[A]concerning[B]fdllowing[C]considering[D]disregarding

14.[Alpreference[B]requirements[C]tendencies[D]ambitions

15.[A]a[B]any[C]no[D]the

16.[AlTherefore[B]However[C]Nevertheless[D]Moreover

17.[A]majority[B]mass[C]minority[D]multitude

18.[Alproposal[B]suggestionfC]consideration[D]appraisal

19[A]towards[B]against[C]outof[D]without

20.[A]tums[B]parts[C]choices[D]risks

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions：

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,Cor

D.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)

Textl

Whatoursocietysuffersfrommosttodayistheabsenceofconsensusaboutwhatitandlifein

itoughttobe；suchconsensuscannotbegainedfromsociety'spresentstage,orfromfantasies

aboutwhatitoughttobe.Forthatthepresentistoocloseandtoodiversified,andthefuturetoo

uncertain,tomakebelievableclaimsaboutit.Aconsensusinthepresenthencecanbeachieved

onlythroughasharedunderstandingofthepast,asHomer'sepicsinformedthosewholived

centurieslaterwhatitmeanttobeGreek,andbywhatimagesandidealstheyweretolivetheir

livesandorganizetheirsocieties.

Mostsocietiesderiveconsensusfromalonghistory,alanguagealltheirown,acommon

religion,commonancestry.Themythsbywhichtheylivearebasedonallofthese.ButtheUnited

Statesisacountryofimmigrants,comingfromagreatvarietyofnations.Lately,ithasbeen

emphasizedthatanasocial,narcissisticpersonalityhasbecomecharacteristicofAmericans,and

thatitisthistypeofpersonalitythatmakesforthelackofwellbeing,becauseitpreventsus

fromachievingconsensusthatwouldcounteractatendencytowithdrawintoprivateworlds.Inthis

studyofnarcissism,ChristopherLashsaysthatmodernman,“torturedbyselfconsciousness,

turnstonewtherapiesnottofreehimselfofhispersonalworriesbuttofindmeaningandpurposein

life,tofindsomethingtolivefbr"。Thereiswidespreaddistressbecausenationalmoralehas

declined,andwehavelostanearliersenseofnationalvisionandpurpose.

Contrarytorigidreligionsorpoliticalbeliefs,asarefoundintotalitariansocieties,our

cultureisoneofthegreatindividualdifferences,atleastinprincipleandintheory：butthisleads

todisunity,evenchaos.Americansbelieveinthevalueofdiversity,butjustbecauseourisa

societybasedonindividualdiversity,itneedsconsensusaboutsomedominatingideasmorethan

societiesbasedonuniformoriginoftheircitizens.Hence,ifwearetohaveconsensus,itmustbe

basedonamyth—avisionaboutacommonexperience,aconquestthatmadeusAmericans,as

themythabouttheconquestofTroyformedtheGreeks.Onlyacommonmythcanofferrelieffrom

thefearthatlifeiswithoutmeaningorpurpose.Mythspermitustoexamineourplaceintheworld

bycomparingittoasharedidea.Mythsaresharedfantasiesthatformthetiethatbindsthe

individualtoothermembersofhisgroup.Suchmythshelptowardofffeelingsofisolations,guilt,

anxiety,andpurposelessness—inshort,theycombatisolationandthebreakdownofsocial

standardsandvalues.

21.Intheeyesoftheauthor,thegreatesttroublewiththeUSsocietymayliein

[A]thenonexistenceofconsensusontheformsofthesocietyshouldtake

[Blthelackofdivergenceoverthecommonorganizationsofsociallife

[C]thenonacceptanceofasocietybasedonindividualdiversity

[D]thepervasivedistresscausedbynationalmoraledecline

22.TheasocialpersonalityofAmericansmaystemfrom

[A]theabsenceofacommonreligionandancestry

[BJthemultiracialconstituentsoftheUSsociety

[C]thewantofasharedmythstheypossessinlife

[D]thecounterbalancetonarcissisticpersonality

23.Homer'sepicsismentionedinParagraph1inorderto

[AJexemplifythecontributionsmadebyancientpoets

[B]illustratetheroleofsharedfantasiesaboutsociety

[C]showanidealstageofeternalsocialprogress

[D]makeknownmythsofwhatasocietyoughttobe

24.TheauthorconcludesthatonlysharedmythscanhelpAmericans

[A]tobringabouttheuniformityoftheirculture

[B]toregaintheirconsensusaboutacommonexperience

[C]tostayawayfromnegativefeelingsintheirlife

[D]tocounteracttheeffectsofconsensusaboutsociety

25.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2thatChristopherLashismostprobably

[A]areformadvocate

[B]aseniorpsychologist

[C]areputedpoet

[D]asocialhistorian

Text2

Whenadiseaseofepidemicproportionsripsintothepopulace,scientistsimmediatelygetto

work,tryingtolocatethesourceoftheafflictionandfindwaystocombatit.Oftentimes,success

isachieved,asmedicalscienceisabletoisolatetheparasite,germorcellthatcausestheproblem

andfindswaystoeffectivelykillorcontainit.Inthemostseriousofcases,inwhichtheentire

populationofaregionorcountrymaybeatgraverisk,itisdeemednecessarytoprotecttheentire

populationthroughvaccination,soastosafeguardlivesandensurethatthediseasewillnotspread.

Theprocessofvaccinationallowsthepatient'sbodytodevelopimmunitytothevirusor

diseasesothat,ifitisencountered,onecanwarditoffnaturally.Toaccomplishthis,asmall

weakordeadstrainofthediseaseisactuallyinjectedintothepatientinacontrolledenvironment,

sothathisbody'simmunesystemcanlearntofighttheinvaderproperly.Informationonhowto

penetratethedisease'sdefensesistransmittedtoallelementsofthepatientysimmunesystemina

processthatoccursnaturally,inwhichgeneticinformationispassedfromcelltocell.Thismakes

surethat,shouldthepatientlatercomeintocontactwiththerealproblem,hisbodyiswell

equippedandtrainedtodealwithit,havingalreadydonesobefore.

Therearedangersinherentintheprocess,however.Onoccasion,eventheweakenedversion

ofthediseasecontainedinthevaccineprovestoomuchforthebodytohandle,resultinginthe

immunesystemsuccumbing,and,therefore,thepatient'sdeath.Suchisthecaseofthe

smallpoxvaccine,designedtoeradicatethesmallpoxepidemicthatnearlywipedouttheentire

NativeAmericanpopulationandkilledmassivenumbersofsettlers.Approximately1in10,000

peoplewhoreceivesthevaccinecontractthesmallpoxdiseasefromthevaccineitselfanddiesfrom

it.Thus,iftheentirepopulationoftheUnitedStatesweretoreceivetheSmallpoxVaccinetoday,

3000Americanswouldbeleftdead.

Fortunately,thesmallpoxviruswasconsiderederadicatedintheearly1970s,endingthe

mandatoryvaccinationofallbabiesinAmerica.Intheeventofareintroductionofthedisease,

however,mandatoryvaccinationsmayresume,resultinginmoreunexpecteddeathsfrom

vaccination.Theprocess,whichistrulyamixedblessing,mayindeedhidesomehiddencurses.

26.Thebesttitleforthetextmaybe

[A]"Vaccinations:ABlessingorACurse”

[B]''PrinciplesofVaccinations^^

[C]'"Vaccines:MethodsandImplications^^

[D]"AMiracleCureUnderAttack”

27.WhatdoestheexampleoftheSmallpoxVaccineillustrate?

[A]Thepossiblenegativeoutcomeofadministeringvaccines

[BlThepracticaluseofavaccinetocontrolanepidemicdisease

[C]Theeffectivenessofvaccinesineradicatingcertaindisease.

[DIThemethodbywhichvaccinesareemployedagainstthedisease.

28.Thephrase“warditoffnaturally”(Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans

[A]disposeofitnaturally[B]fightitoffwithease

[C]seetoitreluctantly[D]splititupproperly

29.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?

[A]Savingthemajoritywouldnecessarilyjustifythedeathoftheminority

[B]Theimmunesystemcanbetrainedtofightweakerversionsofadisease.

[C]Mandatoryvaccinationsareindispensabletothesurvivalofthepopulace.

[D]Theprocessofvaccinationremainsamysterytobefurtherresolved.

30.Thepuiposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassageis

[A]tocommentandcriticize

[B]todemonstrateandargue

[C]tointerestandentertain

[D]toexplainandinform

Text3

TheFoodandDrugAdministrationsaidWednesdaythatitistryingtotrackdownasmanyas

386pigletsthatmayhavebeengeneticallyengineeredandwrongfullysoldintotheU.S.food

supply.

ThefocusoftheFDAinvestigationispigsraisedbyresearchersattheUniversityofIllinoisin

UrbanaChampaign.Theyengineeredtheanimalswithtwogenes：Oneisacowgenethatincreases

milkproductioninthesow.Theother,asyntheticgene,makesthemilkeasierforpigletsto

digest.Thegoalwastoraisebiggerpigsfaster.

Therehasbeennoevidencethateithergeneticallyalteredplantsoranimalsactuallytrigger

humanillness,butcriticswarnthatpotentialsideeffectsremainunknown.Universityofficialssay

theirtestsshowedthepigletswerenotbomwiththealteredgenes,butFDArulesrequireeventhe

offspringofgeneticallyengineeredanimalstobedestroyedsotheydon'tgetintothefoodsupply.

TheFDA,inaquicklyarrangednewsconferenceWednesdaypromptedbyinquiriesbyUSA

TODAY,saidtheUniversityofIllinoiswillfacepossiblesanctionsandfinesfbrsellingthepiglets

toalivestockbroker,whointurnsellstoprocessingplants.

BoththeFDAandtheuniversitysaythepigsthatenteredthemarketdonotposeariskto

consumers.ButtheinvestigationfollowsactionbytheU.S.DepartmentofAgricultureinDecember

tofineaTexascompanythatcontaminated500,000bushelsofsoybeanswithcomthathadbeen

geneticallyalteredtoproduceavaccineforpigs.

Criticsseesuchcasesasevidenceoftheneedformoregovernmentoversightofaburgeoning

areaofscientificresearch."Thisisasmallincident,butit'sincidentlikethisthatcoulddestroy

consumerconfidenceandexportconfidence,“saysStephanieChildsoftheGroceryManufacturers

ofAmerica."WealreadyhaveEuropeshakyonbiotech.Thecountriestowhomweexportare

goingtolookatthis.^^

TheUniversityofIllinoissaysittestedtheDNAofeverypigleteighttimestomakesurethat

theanimalhadn'tinheritedthegeneticengineeringofitsmother.Thosepigletsthatdidwereput

backintothestudy.Thosethatdidn'tweresoldtothepigbroker."Anypigwho'stestednegative

fbrthegenessince1999hasbeensentofftomarket,“saysCharlesZukoski,vicechancellorfor

research.

ButFDAdeputycommissionerLesterCrawfordsaysthatunderthetermsoftheuniversity's

agreementwiththeFDA,theresearcherswereforbiddentoremovethepigletswithoutFDA

approval."TheUniversityofIllinoisfailedtocheckwithFDAtoseewhetherornottheanimals

couldbesoldontheopenmarket.Andtheywerenottobeusedunderanycircumstancefbrfbod.,,

TheFDAisresponsibleforregulatingandoverseeingtransgenicanimalsbecausesuchgenetic

manipulationisconsideredanunapprovedanimaldrug.

31.The386pigletswrongfullysoldintofoodsupplyarefrom

[AlEurope

[B]anAmericanresearchorganization

[C]ameatprocessingplant

[D]ananimalfarm

32.Thepurposeofthetransgenicengineeringresearchisto

[A]getpigsoflargersizeinashortertime

[BJmakesowsproducemoremilk

[C]makecowsproducemoremilk

[D]makepigsgrowmoreleanmeat

33.The4thparagraphshowsthattheUniversityofIllinois

[A]wascriticizedbytheFDA

[B]isingreattrouble

[C]isrequiredbytheFDAtocallbackthesoldpiglets

[D]mayhavetopaythepenalty

34.TheFDAdeclaresthatthewrongfullysoldpiglets

[A]mayhavesideeffectsonconsumers

[Bjmaybeharmfultoconsumers

[C]aresafetoconsumers

ID]maycausehumanillness

35.Itcanbeinferredfromthispassagethat

[A]alltheoffspringhavetheirmothers,geneticengineering

[B]partoftheoffspringhavetheirmothers'geneticengineering

[C]noneoftheoffspringhavetheirmothers,geneticengineering

[D]halfoftheoffspringhavetheirmothers,geneticengineering

Text4

TheUnitedStatesissaidtohaveamixedeconomybecauseprivatelyownedbusinessesand

governmentbothplayimportantroles.Indeed,someofthemostenduringdebatesofAmerican

economichistoryfocusontherelativerolesofthepublicandprivatesectors.

TheAmericanfreeenterprisesystememphasizesprivateownership.Privatebusinesses

producemostgoodsandservices,andalmosttwothirdsofthenation'stotaleconomicoutput

goestoindividualsforpersonaluse(theremainingonethirdisboughtbygovernmentand

business)。Theconsumerroleissogreat,infact,thatthenationissometimescharacterizedas

havinga“consumereconomy.”

Thisemphasisonprivateownershiparises,inpart,fromAmericanbeliefsaboutpersonal

freedom.Fromthetimethenationwascreated,Americanshavefearedexcessivegovernment

power,andtheyhavesoughttolimitgovernment*sauthorityoverindividuals——includingitsrole

intheeconomicrealm.Inaddition,Americansgenerallybelievethataneconomycharacterizedby

privateownershipislikelytooperatemoreefficientlythanonewithsubstantialgovernment

ownership

Wheneconomicforcesareunfettered,Americansbelieve,supplyanddemanddeterminethe

pricesofgoodsandservices.Prices,inturn,tellbusinesseswhattoproduce；ifpeoplewant

moreofaparticulargoodsthantheeconomyisproducing,thepriceofthegoodsrises.That

catchestheattentionofneworothercompaniesthat,sensinganopportunitytoearnprofits,start

producingmoreofthatgoods.Ontheotherhand,ifpeoplewantlessofthegoods,pricesfalland

lesscompetitiveproducerseithergooutofbusinessorstartproducingdifferentgoods.

Therearelimitstofreeenterprise,however.Americanshavealwaysbelievedthatsome

servicesarebetterperformedbypublicratherthanprivateenterprise.Forinstance,intheUnited

States,governmentisprimarilyresponsiblefortheadministrationofjustice,education,theroad

system,andnationaldefense.

Inthismixedeconomy,individualscanhelpguidetheeconomynotonlythroughthechoices

theymakeasconsumersbutthroughthevotestheycastforofficialswhoshapeeconomicpolicy.In

recentyears,consumershavevoicedconcernsaboutproductsafety,environmentalthreatsposed

bycertainindustrialpractices,andpotentialhealthriskscitizensmayface；governmenthas

respondedbycreatingagenciestoprotectconsumerinterestsandpromotethegeneralpublic

welfare.

36.InLine1,Para.4,theexpression"economicforcesareunfettered^^means.

[A]pricesaredeterminedbyconsumers

[BJsupplyanddemandareallowedtooperatefreely

[C]conomicregulationsarenotenforced

[D]theeconomyisgrowing

37.Thelastparagraphtellsusthat.

[A]amixedeconomyisguidedbybothindividualcitizensandthegovernment

[B]theroleofthegovernmentinamixedeconomyismoreimportantthanthatoftheconsume

[C]individualAmericanscaninfluencetheeconomyinmultipleways

[DIthegovernmentdoesnotregardtheconcernsofindividualcitizens

38.Accordingtothetext,theU.S.issometimescalleda“consumereconomy^^because.

[Almostgoodsandservicesareproducedbyconsumers

[B]privatelyownedbusinessplaysamajorroleintheeconomy

[C]individualconsumptionplaysamajorroleintheeconomy

[D]consumers'rightsareveryimportantintheU.S.

39.Thistextismainlyabout.

[A]howaverageAmericansviewtheireconomicsystem

[BltheroleofthegovernmentintheAmericaneconomy

[C]howsupplyanddemanddeterminepricesintheAmericaneconomy

[D]therolesofthepublicandprivatesectorsintheAmericaneconomy

40.Fromthefirstsentenceofthethirdparagraph,welearnthat.

[AJAmericanpoliticalbeliefshaveinfluenceditseconomicsystem

[BiAmericansfearexcessivegovernmentalcontroloftheeconomy

[C]privateownershipisimportantbecauseofAmericanbeliefsinpersonalfreedom

[D]personalfreedomisthebasisforprivateownershipintheU.S.

PartB

SampleOne

Directions：

Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions4145,choose

themostsuitableonefromthelistAGtofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Therearetwo

extrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyoftheblanks.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.

(10points)

HereIwanttotrytogiveyouananswertothequestion：Whatpersonalqualitiesaredesirable

inateacher?Probablynotwopeoplewoulddrawupexactlythesamelists.ButIthinkthe

followingwouldbegenerallyaccepted.

First,(41)Butitdoesruleoutsuchtypesastheoverexcitable,melancholy,frigid,

sarcastic,cynical,frustrated,andoverbearing：Iwouldsaytoo,thatitexcludesallofdull

orpurelynegativepersonality.

Secondly,(42)Closelyrelatedwiththisisthecapacitytobetolerant-not,indeed,of

whatiswrong,butofthefrailtyandimmaturityofhumannaturewhichinducepeople,andagain

especiallychildren,tomakemistakes.

Thirdly,(43)Thisdoesnotmeanbeingasaint.Itmeansthathewillbeawareofhis

intellectualstrengths,andlimitations,andwillhavethoughtaboutanddecideduponthemoral

principlesbywhichhislifeshallbeguided.Thereisnocontradictioninmygoingontosaythata

teachershouldbeabitofanactor.Thatispartofthetechniqueofteaching,whichdemandsthat

everynowandthenateachershouldbeabletoputonanact—toenlivenalesson,correctafault,

orawardpraise.Children,especiallyyoungchildren,liveinaworldthatisratherlargerthanlife.

Ontheotherhand,(44)Hemustbeprettyresilient,teachingmakesgreatdemandson

nervousenergy.Andheshouldbeabletotakeinhisstridetheinnumerablepettyirritationsany

adultdealingwithchildrenhastoendure.

Finally,(45)Therearethreeprincipleobjectsofstudy：thesubject,orsubjects,which

theteacheristeaching；themethodsbywhichtheycanbestbetaughttotheparticularpupilsinthe

classesheisteaching；andbyfarthemostimportantthechildren,youngpeople,or

adultstowhomtheyaretobetaught.ThecardinalprincipleofBritisheducationiseducationofthe

wholeperson,andthatitisbestacquiredthroughfullandactivecooperationbetweentwo

persons,theteacherandthelearner.

[A]itisnotmerelydesirablebutessentialforateachertohaveagenuinecapacityforsympathy——in

theliteralmeaningofthatword;acapacitytotuneintothemindsandfeelingsofotherpeople

[B]ateachermustbecapableofinfinitepatience.This,Imaysay,islargelyamatterofself

disciplineandselftraining,becausenoneofuswerebornlikethat.

[C]theteacher'spersonalityshouldbepleasantlyliveandattractive.Thisdoesnotruleoutpeople

whoarephysicallyplain,orevenugly,becausemanysuchhavegreatpersonalcharm.

[D]Ateachermustremainmentallyalert,Hemustbequicktoadapthimselftoanysituation,

howeverimprobable(theyhappen!)andabletoimprovise,ifnecessaryatlessthanamoment's

notice

[EJAteachershouldbehumoroussometimeslikeabestfriendsittingdownacrossfromyouinyour

livingroomhavingachataboutwhafsgoingoninyourlife.

[Fjlthinkateachershouldhavethekindofmind,whichalwayswantstogoonlearning.Teaching

isajobatwhichonewillneverbeperfect;thereisalwayssomethingmoretolearnaboutit.

[GJIholditessentialforateachertobebothintellectuallyandmorallyhonest.

SampleTwo

Directions：

Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions4145,youarerequired

toreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherenttextbychoosingfromthelistAGtofillineach

numberedbox.ThefirstandthelastparagraphshavebeenplacedforyouinBoxes.Markyour

answersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)

[A]Seeyourselfassuccessful.IfIcouldplugintothemindsofmypatientsandlistentothe

statementstheymaketothemselves,Iamconvincedthatthemajorityofthemwouldbe

negative:turmrunninglateagainasusual.,,uMyhairlooksterriblethismorning.”"Thatwasastupid

remarkImade—sheprobablythinksrmadummy."Sincethousandsofthesemessagesflashacross

ourbrainseveryday,itissmallwonderthattheresultisadiminishedselfimage.

[B]AuthorandeditorNonnanCousinswrote:"Peoplearenevermoreinsecurethanwhenthey

becomeobsessedwiththeirfearsattheexpenseoftheirdreams.,,Thereisnodoubtthatifwecan

envisionbeneficialthingshappening,theyhaveawayofactuallyoccurring.

[C]Stevensfinallyhadahearttohearttalkwithherself:"IrealizedthatIsimplywasn'tawit

oranintellectualandthatIcouldsucceedonlyasmyself.Ibeganlisteningandaskingquestionsat

partiesinsteadoftryingtoimpresstheguests.WhenIspoke,Itriedtocontribute,nottoshine.

AlmostatonceIstartedtofeelanewwannthinmysocialcontacts.Theylikedtherealmebetter.^^

Ifwearetruetoourinstincts,mostofuswillfindthatwenaturallydevelopcertaintrademarks.The

discoveryandexpressionofthatuniquenessisonereasonweareonthisplanet.Resisting

conformityanddevelopingsomesmalleccentricitiesareamongthestepstoindependenceandself

confidence.

[D]Manyofusgetinterestedinafield,butthenthegoinggetstough,weseethatotherpeopleare

moresuccessful,andwebecomediscouragedandquit.Butitisofthentheboring,repetitive

sharpeningofourskillsthatwillultimatelyenableustoreachourgoal.

[E]HoraceBushnell,thegreatNewEnglandpreacher,usedtosay,"Somewhereunderthestars

Godhasajobforyoutodo,andnobodyelsecandoit."Someofusmustfindourplacebytrialand

error.Itcantaketime,withdeadendsalongtheway.Butweshouldnotgetdiscouragedbecause

othersseemmoreskilled.Usuallyitisnotrawtalentbutdrivethatmakesthedifference.

[F]Onedailyexerciseforbuildingselfconfidenceiscalled“imaging"or“visualization”.In

ordertosucceed,youmustseeyourselfsucceeding.Pictureyourselfapproachingadifficult

challengewithpoiseandconfidence.Athletesoftenvisualizeamoveoverandoverintheirminds;

theyseethemselveshittingtheperfectgolfortennisshot.Whenweburnsuchpositiveimagesinto

ourmindsdeeplyenough,theybecomeapartoftheunconscious,andwebegintoexpectto

succeed.

[G]Breakawayfromotherpeople*sexpectations.Itisaliberatingstepwhenwedecidetostop

beingwhatotherpeoplewantustobe.AlthoughoperasingerRiseStevensperformedonstagewith

greatpoise,theselfconfidenceshefeltbeforeaudiencesevaporatedinsocialsituation."My

discomfort,shesays,“camefromtryingtobesomethingIwasnotastateinthedrawingroom

aswellasonstage.Ifacleverpersonmadeajoke,Itriedtotopitandfailed.Ipretendedtobe

familiarwithsubjectsIknewnothingof.”

Order:

Df41-42—43一44^45->C

SampleThree

Direction：

Youaregoingtoreadatextabouttheseasonfbrrelief,followedbyalistofexamples.

ChoosethebestexamplefromthelistAFforeachnumberedsubheading(4145)。There

isoneextraexamplewhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.

(10points)

Winter'sharshweather,shorterhoursofdaylightandfamilydemandscanallaggravate

feelingsofstress.AccordingtoDr.PaulRosch,presidentoftheAmericanInstituteofStress,one

Midwesternheadacheclinicreportedthatcomplaintsoftensionandmigraineheadachesincreased

40percentfromThanksgivingtoChristmas,comparedwithothersixweekperiodsduringthe

year.

Manyphysiciansarenowtrainedintechniquestorelievetensionandstress.Butwhich

strategiesdotheythemselvesuse?Heretophealthprofessionalsrevealtheirfavoritestressbusters.

Sixinall,theyare：

(41)Soothewithfood.

WhennutritionalbiochemistJudithWurtmanisstressedout,shedoeswhatalotofpeopledothis

timeofyear:shereachesfbrfood.Butinhercase,it'sahealthyricecakeortwo.

(42)Runfromyourproblem.

Dr.