2021年河南省焦作市沁阳第十六中学高三英语联考试卷含解析

2021年河南省焦作市沁阳第十六中学高三英语联考试卷含解析一、选择题1.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasures

airquality.

A．toimprove

B．improved

C．beingimproved

D．tobeimproved参考答案：A2.Iagreetoyourplanbutnoneof______youneedisavailableatpresent.A.it

B.which

C.that

D.what参考答案：D3.Thefact________thiscountryspendsmoreonitsmilitarythanoneducationandhealthcarecombinedisaseriousandworryingthought.A．where

B．whichC．that

D．why参考答案：C句意：这个国家在军队上的投入超过教育和健康投入的总和，这一事实很严重也很令人担忧。that引导同位语从句，具体解释说明fact的内容。4.Oh,dear!Mypocketmoneyisrunningout.Ihopeitwill______untilthisweekend..A.holddown B.holdout C.holdup D.holdback参考答案：C考查动词短语

句意：哦，天哪，我的零花钱要用完了，我希望能撑到下这个周末。此处考查的是hold一词短语的区分；A项表示“抑制，压制”；B项表示“抵制，主张”；C项是“举起，阻挡，支撑”；D项表示“隐瞒，抑制”，故选C项适合。5.(原创)Shehasafineabilitytodealwithpeople,

wheretact(机智)isrequired.A.generally

B.particularly(新增)

C.briefly

D.entirely(新增词汇)

本题考查副词词义辨析。参考答案：B略6.—Oops!Thispartoftheshipmodelbroke.—I’vetoldyouitwouldeasilybreakitwastheweakest.A.when

B.where

C.inwhich

D.while参考答案：B7.Ifwe

afullpreparation,themeetingwouldn'thavebeensosuccessful．A．haven'tmade

B．wouldn'tmakeC．didn'tmake

D．hadn’t

made参考答案：D8.Jimisingoodshapephysically______hedoesn’tgetmuchexperience.A.if

B.unless

C.eventhough

D.aslongas参考答案：C9.He’sverysensitiveaboutbeingsmall,sodon’tmentionit.Whichofthefollowinghasthesamemeaningasthewordunderlined.

A．Thismaterialissensitivetoheat.

B．WhenIneedadvice,heisahelpfulandsensitivefriend.

C．Awritermustn’tbetoosensitivetocriticism.

D．TheStockExchangeissensitivetolikelypoliticalchanges.参考答案：C10._____,theydivedintoataxiandheadedfortheairport.A.Goodbyewassaid

B.Goodbyehadbeensaid

C.Goodbyesaid

D.Whengoodbyesaid

参考答案：C11.Tocombatglobalwarming,manypeopleare_________theuseofalternativeenergysources.A.applyingto B.jumpingat C.dippinginto D.pushingfor参考答案：D【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了应对全球变暖，许多人正在奋力争取使用替代能源。A.applyingto应用；B.jumpingat欣然接受；C.dippinginto翻阅；D.pushingfor奋力争取。奋力争取使用替代能源的目的是为了应对全球变暖。所以pushingfor“奋力争取”符合句意。故D选项正确。12.AfterTomhadfinishedsomepaperwork,he______interviewingtheapplicants.A.starts B.hadstarted C.started D.hasstarted参考答案：C13.—What’syour

ontheproblem?—Istandbyhim.

A．attitude

B．situation

C．condition

D．position参考答案：D略14.—DoyouhavetheNewYorkTimes?—Yes,butnomorethanonecopy.Wouldyouliketotake______?A.some

B.it

C.one

D.them参考答案：B15.—Whotoldyoumyemailaddress?

—Idon’trememberclearly.It_______Karen.

—It_______Karen.Shedoesn’tknowmyemailaddress.A.musthavebeen;mustn’thavebeen

B.mayhavebeen;can’thavebeenC.mayhavebeen;musthavebeen

D.musthavebeen;mustn’tbe参考答案：B略16. —-I’veinvitedJimandLucytogowithus.— ____people?I____youplannedthetriponlyforustwo.A_Othertwo;thought B.Theothertwo;hadthoughtC.Anothertwo;thought D.Twomore;amthinking参考答案：C二、完型填空17.Peopleincommunitieshaveslowlybeenpushedapartovertheyears，mostlybecausepeoplesimplyaren’ttakingthetimetosayasimple“hello”．Afterconsideringthisphenomenon,IdecidedIwasgoingto47

thewayIwasdoingthings．My

48

cameonemorningwhenIwasinthecommunitylibrary.Ipassedbyagirtwho49herbooksoutofherlocker(夹子）．Thinkinglikemostthatsomeoneelsewouldhelpherpickthemup，Icontinuedmyway．However，whenIhadto

50

becauseIstupidlyforgotmybook，Inoticedshehadjustfinishedpackingthemupbyherself．Noonehadstoppedto

51

her．“OK，”Ithoughttomyself，“thisiswhereIshouldhavechanged．”MybestopportunitycameafewdayslaterwhenIsawaman

52byhimselfwaitingforthelibrarytoopen,soIsatdownnexttohimandbegana

53

．Itwasdifficulttogetstarted，andevenwhenIhadtosaygoodbye，almostevery

54

frommynewfriendhadatone(语气)ofdoubtinit．Andwhocouldblamehim?Peoplearen’tusedtomakingan

55

chatwithastranger．Butachange，nomatterhow56itisneeded，doesn’tjusthappen．Ittakespeoplelikeustomakeitpossible．I

57

youtotakeasmallstepoutofyourcomfortzoneandtrytomakesomeone’sdayalittlebrighter.Together，wecanreallymakesocietycome

58

asawhole．47．A．change

B．explain

C．1earn

D．show48．A．trouble

B．doubt

C．wish

D．opportunity49．A．took

B．dropped

C．got

D．pulled50．A．goback

B．standby

C．comeout

D．turnup51．A．please

B．greet

C．help

D．praise52．A．sitting

B．walking

C．riding

D．running53．A．discussion

B．lesson

C．report

D．conversation54．A．joke

B．cry

C．response

D．story55．A．unchangeable

B．Unprepared

C．unforgettable

D．unfinished56．A．desperately

B．frequently

C．simply

D．widely57．A．allow

B．warn

C．order

D．advise58．A．1ater

B．straighter

C．closer

D．Slower参考答案：47-51ADBAC

52-56ADCBA

57-58DC三、阅读理解18.HibernationForpeoplewhoaren’tfansofwinter,animalsthathibernateseemtohavetherightidea:It’stheequivalentofburyingyourheadunderthecoversuntilspringcomes—isn'tit?Notquite.“Mostofthephysiologicalfunctionsareextremelysloweddown,”saysMarinaBlanco,apostdoctoralassociateattheDukeLemur(狐猴)CenterinDurham,NorthCarolina.Forexample,whenlemurshibernate,theyreducetheirheartratesfromover300beatsperminutetofewerthansix,saysBlanco.Andinsteadofbreathingabouteverysecond,theycangoupto10minuteswithouttakingabreath.Theirbrainactivity“becomesundetectable.”Thisisverydifferentfromsleep,whichisgentlerestingstatewhereunconsciousfunctionsarestillperformed.Putsimply:“Hibernationisameansofenergyconservation,”saysKellyDrew,aneuropharmacologist

attheUniversityofAlaskaFairbankswhostudiesthebrainchemistryofhibernatingArcticgroundsquirrels.Whilehibernationisoftenseenasaseasonalbehavior,it’snotlimitedtocold-weatheranimals.Therearetropicalhibernatorsthatmaydosotobeattheheat.And“somespecieshibernateinresponsetofoodshortages,”notesDrew.Forexample,echidnas(针鼹)inAustraliawillhibernateafterfires,waitinguntilfoodresourcesreboundtoresumenormalactivities.Toslowtheirmetabolism(新陈代谢),animalscooltheirbodiesby5to10°Conaverage.TheArcticgroundsquirrelsDrewworksoncantakethismuchfurther,supercoolingtosubfreezingtemperatures.Drew’sresearchhasshownthatcoolingislikelyregulatedbylevelsofadenosine(腺苷)inthebrain.Notonlydoesadenosineincreaseinwinteringroundsquirrels,thereceptorsforthemoleculebecomemoresensitivetoit.Butspeciesdon’tstayintheircold,sleepingstateforthedurationoftheirdormantperiod.About80percentoftheirenergyisspentintermittently(间歇地)wakingandwarmingup.Whytheydothisis“oneofthegreatestmysteries”ofthefield,saysThomasRuf,aprofessorofanimalphysiologyattheUniversityofVeterinaryMedicineinVienna.Somethinktheyneedtoturnbackontheirimmunesystemstofightdisease,whileothersthinktheymaysimplyawakensotheycansleep.Onebirdandavarietyofamphibians(两栖动物),reptilesandinsectsalsoexhibithibernation-likestates.Thereisevenatleastonefish—theAntarcticcod—thatslowsdownitsmetabolisminwinter,becoming

20timeslessactive.And,ofcourse,therearelotsofmammals.Whilebearsmightbethefirstthatcometomind,mostmammalianhibernatorsareonthesmallerside.“Theaveragehibernatorweighsonly70grams,”saysRuf.That’sbecauselittlebodieshavehighsurfaceareatovolumeratios,makingitmoretaxingfor

themtostaywarmincoldweather—sotheyneedtheseasonalenergysavingsmorethanlargeranimals.38.Howdoestheauthordistinguishbetweenhibernationandsleep?A.Byhighlightingreasons. B.Bypresentingdefinitions.C.Byintroducingarguments. D.Bycomparingthedata.39.“Echidnas”inParagraph3isintroducedtoshow______.A.animalscooltheirbodiesby5to10°ConaverageB.tropicalhibernatorsmayhibernatetobeattheheatC.somespecieshibernateinresponsetofoodshortageD.hibernationismostoftenseenasaseasonalbehavior40.Thelastparagraphmainlydiscusses______.A.whencertainanimalshibernate B.whatkindsofanimalshibernateC.whysomeanimalshibernate D.howanimalshibernate41.Thepassageimpliesthat______.A.Itisharderforsmalleranimalstokeepwarminwinter.B.Thecoolingofbodiesmayinfluencethelevelsofadenosine.C.Scientistsdon’tagreeonthereasonsofintermittenthibernation.D.Bodyfunctionsarestillunconsciouslyperformedduringhibernation.参考答案：38.B

39.C

40.B

41.C本文是一篇说明文，介绍了冬眠和睡眠的区别，冬眠原因的最新调查以及哪些动物需要冬眠。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thisisverydifferentfromsleep,whichisgentlerestingstatewhereunconsciousfunctionsarestillperformed.”可知，这与睡眠有很大的不同，睡眠是一种温和的休息状态，在这种状态下，无意识的功能仍在发挥作用。在根据第三段中的“Hibernationisameansofenergyconservation”可知，冬眠是一种节省能量的方式，由此可知，作者是通过给出冬眠和睡眠的定义来区分二者的，故B项正确。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“And“somespecieshibernateinresponsetofoodshortages,”notesDrew.Forexample,echidnas(针鼹)inAustraliawillhibernateafterfires,waitinguntilfoodresourcesreboundtoresumenormalactivities.”可知，德鲁指出，“一些物种为了应对食物短缺而冬眠”，例如，澳大利亚的针鼹会在火灾后冬眠，等待食物资源恢复正常活动，由此判断出，第三段提到针鼹是为了证明一些物种因食物短缺而冬眠，故C项正确。【40题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段内容，特别是根据“Onebirdandavarietyofamphibians(两栖动物),reptilesandinsectsalsoexhibithibernation-likestates.Thereisevenatleastonefish—theAntarcticcod—thatslowsdownitsmetabolisminwinter,becoming

20timeslessactive.And,ofcourse,therearelotsofmammals.”可知，有的鸟、鱼、各种两栖动物、爬行动物、昆虫以及很多哺乳动物都会进入冬眠状态，因此本段主要讲的是哪些动物需要冬眠，故B项正确。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Whytheydothisis“oneofthegreatestmysteries”ofthefield,saysThomasRuf,aprofessorofanimalphysiologyattheUniversityofVeterinaryMedicineinVienna.Somethinktheyneedtoturnbackontheirimmunesystemstofightdisease,whileothersthinktheymaysimplyawakensotheycansleep.”可知，维也纳兽医大学动物生理学教授托马斯鲁夫说，为什么有些物种要间歇性冬眠是最大的谜团之一，一些人认为它们需要重新启动免疫系统来对抗疾病，而另一些人则认为它们可能只是为了在睡眠状态下保持清醒的状态和身体的热量，由此判断出，科学家们对间歇性冬眠的原因看法不一，故C项正确。19.BannitsLtd,CardiffT212TitanHouse,CardiffBayBusinessCentre,TitanRoad,Cardiff,CF245BSKeyfeatures:FurnishedorUnfurnishedWashingMachineCentralHeatingFulldescription:GreatbedsitinthecentreofOxfordneartheSacklerLibrary.Perfectforalluniversitygraduates.Theproperty(房产)consistsofastudioroomofapprox12ftby14ft,asharedbathroomandsharedkitchen.Thestudioroomisfullyfurnishedincludingdoublebed,desk,wardrobesandchair.Thispropertyisownedandmanagedby

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