John-Donne诗歌隐喻赏析

AValediction:ForbiddingMourning

——JohnDonne(1572-1631)

KEYWORDSMetaphysicalschool

ConceitsMetaphorsLovelyrics

BriefIntroductiontohislifeBorninaRomanCatholicfamimily.ReceivedhiseducationatOxfordandCambridge.In1601,heelopedwithAnnMoreandwascastintoprisonbyherfather.In1615,hegaveuphisCatholicfaithandbecameanAnglicanpriest.In1621,hewasappointedtheDeanofSt.Paul'sCathedralbyKingJamesI.GOandcatchafallingstar,去吧，去抓一颗流星Getwithchildamandrakeroot,去让曼德拉草的根长成婴儿Tellmewhereallpastyearsare,告诉我，哪里可以找回逝去的年华Orwhocleftthedevil'sfoot,谁能劈开恶魔的脚趾Teachmetohearmermaidssinging,教我去听美人鱼的歌声Ortokeepoffenvy'sstinging,或者避开嫉妒者的诽谤AndfindWhatwind找到那Servestoadvanceanhonestmind.(1-9)可以提高老实人地位的风Ohstay,threelivesinonefleaspare噢，住手！一只跳蚤可是三条生命啊Wherewealmost,naymorethanmarriedare.它的身体不仅是见证我们的婚约ThisfleaisyouandI,andthis还是你和我Ourmarriagebedandmarriagetempleis;我们的婚床和婚姻的殿堂Thoughparentsgrudge,andyou,wearemet,尽管父母怨恨，你不情愿，我们还是相遇Andcloisteredintheselivingwallsofjet.并躲藏在黝黑的生命之墙里Thoughusemakeyouapttokillme尽管你会习惯的拍死跳蚤Letnottothat,self-murderaddedbe,千万别，这会杀了我，也会增加你的自杀之罪Andsacrilege,threesinsinkillingthree杀害三条生命会亵渎神明BackgroundofThePoemJohnDonnewrotethispoemforhiswifeuponlivingforFrancein1611.Thispoemdoesn’thavemuchwritingrhetoric,butjustlikehisotherlovepoems,itsreasoninganddebateoflyricalwhimareabundant.AValediction:ForbiddingMouringAsvir/tuousmen/passmildly/away,Andwhi/spertotheir/souls,/togo,Whilstsome/oftheir/sadfriends/dosay,"Thebreath/goesnow,"/andsome/say,"No:"正如有德行的人安详别世，轻声向灵魂辞安，悲伤的友人或伤逝，叹其气绝魂离，亦有说不然Donnewasfascinatedbydeathbecausehebelievedthatwasthepointatwhichthebodyandsoulpartedways.Inthiscase,thedyingmanisabletowhisperhissouloutofhismortalbodyandontoheaven.Solet/usmelt,/andmake/nonoise,Notear-floods,/norsigh-tem/pestsmove;'Twerepro/fana/tionof/our/joysTotell/thelaity/our/love.就让我们轻声说话，不要喧哗，不要泪涌如潮，不要凄声哀鸣；那是对我们欢乐的亵渎，让俗人知道我们的爱。1.profanation:blasphemousbehaviour;degradationofsomethingworthyofrespect.2.laity:onewhoisnotaclergyman.Moving/ofth'earth/bringsharms/andfears;Menre/ckonwhat/itdid,/andmeant;Buttre/pida/tionof/thespheres,Thoughgrea/terfar,/isin/nocent.地动带来伤害，叫人害怕，人们推其为断其意；天体震动，虽然威力更大，却对什么都没有损伤Donnecontrastsearthlynaturaldisasterswiththebigger,grandermotionsoftheheavenlybodies(planets,stars)Dullsub/luna/rylo/vers'love(Whosesoul/issense)/cannot/admitAbsence,/because/itdoth/removeThosethings/whichel/emen/tedit.乏味的凡情俗爱（感官为上）最忌别离，因为情人分开，爱的根基就会破碎支离。sublunary:belowthemoon,i.e.,earthlyadmit:standButwe/byalove/somuch/refin'd,Thatour/selves/knownot/whatitis,Inter/-assured

/ofthemind,Careless,/eyes,lips,/andhands/tomiss.但我们的爱纯净无比，我们自己也不知那是什么东西，打心里头相互信任，不在乎肉体分离。refin'd:purifiedHereDonnerefersthathisloveisn'ttaintedbythemerephysicalaffectionOur/twosouls/therefore,/whichareone,ThoughI/mustgo,/endure/notyetAbreach,/butanex/pansion,Likegold/toai/rythin/nessbeat.因而，我俩灵魂合一，我纵须远离，不违爱诺，而是一种延展，宛如黄金锻展成轻飘韧箔。breach:breaking;heremeansseparationexpansion:ThesimileofbeatinggoldintoverythinsheetsisusedtodescribethepartingIfthey/betwo,/theyare/twosoAsstiff/twincom/passes/aretwo;Thysoul,/thefixt/foot,makes/noshowTomove,/butdoth,/ifthe'o/therdo.就算是两个吧，两个也是和一副两脚的圆规情况相同你的灵魂是定脚，固定不移但另一只脚移动，你便随之转动。Andthough/itin/thecen/tresit,Yetwhen/theo/therfar/dothroam,Itleans,/andhear/kensa/fterit,Andgrows/erect,/asthat/comeshome.虽然一只脚坐镇中心，但当另一只脚在外游离，它就侧过身去倾听，当那只脚回到家，它又把腰杆直起。。hearkens:leansasiflisteningtoattentivelySuchwilt/thoube/tome,/whomustLiketh'o/therfoot,/obli/quelyrun;Thyfirm/nessmakes/mycir/clejust,Andmakes/meend,/whereI/begun.这就是你和我的关系，我必须，像另一只脚，斜走侧踮，你的坚定能使我的圆圈圆得完美，让我的游离