高中英语高考二轮复习：重点语法从句：状语从句课件

状语从句在句子中作状语的从句。可以用来修饰谓语、定语、状语或整个句子。一般由连词或者起连词作用的词组引导，在句子中位置较灵活。条件状语原因状语目的状语地点状语比较状语结果状语时间状语让步状语方式状语1、时间状语从句

常用引导词:when,while,as,before,after,since,eversince,assoonas,once,till,until,hardly…when…,directly,immediately,instantly名词短语引导:thetime,themoment,theminute,theday,theyear,thefirsttime,bythetime,eachtime,everytime,nexttime

①till,not…until…,until,before,sinceDon’tgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped.Hewaitedforhisfatheruntil(till)itwastwelveo’clock.ItwillbefiveyearsbeforehereturnsfromEngland.②hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than,assoonas,once表示“一……就”AssoonasIhavefinishedit,I’llgiveyouacall.Onceyoushowanyfear,hewillattackyou.Wehadhardlygot/Hardlyhadwegotintothecountrywhenitbegantorain.Nosoonerhadhearrived/Hehadnosoonerarrivedthanshestartedcomplaining.③directly,immediately,themoment,theminutethat…

一……就Hemadeforthedoordirectlyheheardtheknock.④eachtime,everytime,bythetimeEachtimehecametomycity,hewouldcallonme.Backtoschool延续性动词表达的动作能够延续，如：keep保存，维持；walk走路；read阅读等；非延续性动词也称瞬间动词，所表达的动作不能够延续，发生之后就立即结束。如：hear听到；return归还；see看见；open,打开；close关闭；finish完成；begin开始。考点一：when,while,as的用法When其引导的从句谓语动词既可用延续性动词也可用非延续性动词；从句的动作既可以同时发生也可以先后发生。Marywashavingdinner,whenIsawher.Whenyoumeetanewword,consultthedictionary.考点一：when,while,as的用法2.While其引导的从句谓语动词必须是延续性动词或者表示状态的词；主句和从句的动作同时发生。FatherwaspreparingareportwhileIwasplayinggames.Nevergetonoroffhebuswhile

itisinmotion.3.As从句动作还未结束，主句动作已经发生；可表示一边…一边…。Asyougrowolder,you’llknowbetteraboutyourself.Wesingaswewalkalong.答案：D解析：句意为——星期五那天，当我们正准备出发去过周末的时候，我的女儿听到有人叫救。易混淆：在while和when这里犹豫。1.OneFriday,wewerepackingtoleaveforaweekendaway

___mydaughterheardcriesforhelp.

A.afterB.whileC.sinceD.when2.Ihadjuststeppedoutofthebathroomandwasbusilydryingmyselfwithatowel____Iheardthesteps.A.whileB.whenC.sinceD.after答案：B解析：下划线处表示“正在这时，突然……”，四个选项中只有when可以表示此含义。③directly,immediately,themoment,theminutethat…一……就Hecanearnnomoremoneythanyoucan.尽管我很尊敬他,我却不同意他的建议。so+形容词/副词+that易混淆：在while和when这里犹豫。Onceyoushowanyfear,hewillattackyou.Although/Thoughsheworksveryhard,(yet)shemakesveryslow.Ifheshouldcomeheretomorrow，Iwouldtalktohim.从句:If+主语+had+done表示“自从…”其引导的从句常用一般过去时，主句常用完成时态。③if+主语+动词过去式Ifheshouldcomeheretomorrow，Iwouldtalktohim.such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that主句:主语+should/would/might/could+doThebossaskedthesecretarytohurryupwiththeletterssothathecouldsignthem.ItwillbefiveyearsbeforehereturnsfromEngland.自从病好以来，他经常给我写信。考点二：until,till的用法Shebehavedasifsheweretheboss.IfIhadgotthereearlier，Iwouldhavemether.Hecanearnnomoremoneythanyoucan.Itwassogoodanexhibitionthat….Heissuchayoungboyashecan’tgotoschool.解析：下划线处表示“正在这时，突然……”，四个选项中只有when可以表示此含义。Hegotsolittlemoneythat…考点二：until,till的用法1.主句时否定句是谓语常用非延续性动词，主句是肯定句时谓语动词常用延续性动词。Ididn’t

knowanythingaboutituntilyoutoldme.I’ll

waituntiltheconcertisover.2.Until可以放在句首，till不可以。考点三：since的用法1.表示“自从…”其引导的从句常用一般过去时，主句常用完成时态。Theyhavebeenlivingveryhappilysincetheygotmarried.2.Since引导的从句的谓语动词如果时持续性动词常理解为某一状态的终止；如果是非持续性动词，则理解为某一个动作的开始。Hehaswrittentomefrequentlysincehewasill.自从病好以来，他经常给我写信。Hehaswrittentomefrequentlysincehewentabroad自从他出国以来，经常给我写信。IhaveheardalotofgoodthingsaboutyouafterIcamebackfromabroad.Badhabits,unlessformed,aredifficulttoshakeoff.Sinceherhusbandhaddied,soshehadtosupportthefamily.2、地点状语从句

常用引导词:where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere

例句:

Generally,airwillbeheavilypollutedwheretherearefactories.Whereveryougo,youshouldworkhard.3、原因状语从句

常用引导词:because,since,as,for,seeingthat,nowthat,inthat,consideringthat,giventhat,例句：Nowthateverybodyhascome,let'sbeginourconference.Thehigherincometaxisharmfulinthatitmaydiscouragepeoplefromtryingtoearnmore.

4、目的状语从句

常用引导词:sothat,inorderthat,inthehopethat,forthepurposethat,incase

例句:Thebossaskedthesecretarytohurryupwiththeletterssothathecouldsignthem.Theteacherraisedhisvoiceonpurposethatthestudentsinthebackcouldhearmoreclearly.5、结果状语从句

常用引导词:so,sothat,so…that,such…that,suchthat,

例句:Hegotupsoearlythathecaughtthefirstbus.It'ssuchagoodchancethatwemustnotmissit.Tosuchandegreewasheexcitedthathecouldn'tsleeplastnight.考点一：so…that…的用法so+形容词/副词+thatThebookwassoboringthat…..2.

so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+thatItwassogoodanexhibitionthat….3.so+many/much/few/little+相应形式的名词+that…Hegotsolittlemoneythat…考点一：such…that…的用法such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+thatItwassuchalovelydogthateveryonelikesit.2.such+形容词+可数名词复数+thatTheyaresuchgoodchildrenthatwealllovethem.3.such+形容词+不可数名词+thatThiswassuchfinemusicthatitwasworthtolisten.6、条件状语从句

常用引导词:if,unless,as/solongas,providing/providedthat,supposethat,incasethat,giventhat例句:

We'llstartourprojectifthepresidentagrees.Youwillcertainlysucceedsolongasyoukeepontrying.Providedthatthereisnoopposition,weshallholdthemeetinghere.考点一：if引导的条件状语从句主将从现Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwillstayathome.2.主情从现Ifyoucomehere,hecanhelpyou.3.主祈从现Ifyougotoworktomorrow,don’tbelate.4.Fathertoldme,ifIstudiedhardhewouldbuymeaspecialgift.7、让步状语从句

常用引导词:though,although,evenif,eventhough,as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装),while(一般用在句首),nomatter…,whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever例句:

MuchasIrespecthim,Ican'tagreetohisproposal.尽管我很尊敬他,我却不同意他的建议。

Theoldmanalwaysenjoysswimmingeventhoughtheweatherisrough.

Nomatterhowhardhetried,shecouldnotchangehermind.

考点一：though/although的用法两者几乎完全相同，though不如although正式。二者都不可以跟but连用，可用yet或stillAlthough/Thoughsheworksveryhard,(yet)shemakesveryslow.such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that③if+主语+动词过去式It'ssuchagoodchancethatwemustnotmissit.AssoonasIhavefinishedit,I’llgiveyouacall.1、表示与现在事实相反的情况尽管我很尊敬他,我却不同意他的建议。解析：下划线处表示“正在这时，突然……”，四个选项中只有when可以表示此含义。二者都不可以跟but连用，可用yet或stillNowthateverybodyhascome,let'sbeginourconference.主句:主语+should/would/might/could+do:①till,not…until…,until,before,sinceIfIhadgotthereearlier，Iwouldhavemether.Whenyoumeetanewword,consultthedictionary.Heissuchayoungboyashecan’tgotoschool.I’llwaituntiltheconcertisover.so+形容词/副词+thatShebehavedasifsheweretheboss.Nosoonerhadhearrived/Hehadnosoonerarrivedthanshestartedcomplaining.非延续性动词也称瞬间动词，所表达的动作不能够延续，发生之后就立即结束。从句的动作既可以同时发生也可以先后发生。(事实:我不可能是你)其引导的从句谓语动词既可用延续性动词也可用非延续性动词；MuchasIrespecthim,Ican'tagreetohisproposal.常用引导词:where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere例句:MuchasIrespecthim,Ican'tagreetohisproposal.考点二：as的用法As引导让步状语从句时，从句中的表语、状语、或谓语部分的实义动词需要提前至句首（though有时也这样用。）Popstaras/thoughsheis,shestillneedstoimprove.Much

asIrespecthim,Ican'tagreetohisproposal.8、比较状语从句

常用引导词:as(同级比较),than(不同程度的比较)themore…themore…;justas…,AistoBwhat/asXistoY例句:

Sheisasbad-temperedashermother.Themoreyouexercise,thehealthieryouwillbe.Foodistomenwhatoilistomachine.

食物之于人,犹如油之于机器。Hecanearnnomoremoneythanyoucan.9、方式状语从句

常用引导词:as,asif,asthough例句：WheninRome,doastheRomando.Shebehavedasifsheweretheboss.考点二：asif和asthough的用法1.从句所表示的情况不属实或者实现的可能性较小时通常用虚拟语气（用一般过去时表示现在的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况）Everythinginmychildhoodcroweduponinmymindasiftheyhadjusthappened.2.从句所表示的情况是事实或者具有很大可能性时，通常用陈述语气。Heclearedhisthroatasifhewantedtosaysomething.1、表示与现在事实相反的情况从句:If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be动词用were)主句:主语+should/would/might/could+do:IfIwereyou，Iwouldtakeanumbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。(事实:我不可能是你)IfIknewhistelephonenumber，Iwouldtellyou.如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。(事实:不知道)如果他再努力些，就能通过考试了。(事实:没有努力)IfIwereyou，I'dwearashirtandtie.如果我是你，我就会穿衬衫和领带。(事实:我并不是你)2、表示与过去事实相反的情况从句:If+主语+had+done主句:主语+should/would/might/could+have

doneeg:IfIhadgotthereearlier，Iwouldhavemether.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。(事实:去