高考英语一轮专题重组卷第一部分语法专辑-全国名校名卷优选练语法专题7定语从句含解析

语法专题七定语从句(一)关系代词Ⅰ.单句语法填空：根据句意，在空线处填上适当的关系代词。1．(2019·天津和平区高三年级质量调查)Thegovernmentplacedrestrictionsonthenumbersofforeigncars________couldbeimported.答案：that/which设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词foreigncars指物，设空处在从句中充当主语，故用that/which。2．(2019·天津东丽区高三毕业班质量监测)Thissemesterourschooloffersmanyoptionalcoursesforthestudents,eachof________appealstomanystudents.答案：which此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是courses，指物，介词of后面的关系代词用which。3．(2019·湖南五市十校教研教改共同体高三联考)Thisinformsthebrainaboutthelocationofthetouch,theamountofforceused,andthespeedat________itwasused.答案：which此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词是speed，指物，介词at后面的关系代词用which。4．(2019·南京、盐城高三年级二模)Hewasofferedapositionatthelocalchurchschool,after________hewenttotheCambridge.答案：which此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，指代主句整体内容，介词after后面的关系代词用which。5．(2019·天津河东区高三一模)WeallChinesepeoplearecalledontolearnfromLeiFeng,________wethinksetagoodexampletoallofus.答案：who设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词LeiFeng指人，设空处在定语从句中充当主语，故用who。6．(2019·南京盐城高三一模)Ascientist'sattempttoproducetheworld'sfirstgene­editedbabies________areimmunetoHIVhassparkedcontroversyinacademiaandthepublic.答案：who/that设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词gene­editedbabies指人，设空处在定语从句中充当主语，故用who/that。7．(2019·北京海淀区高三二模)Thestadiumbeside________standsatheatrewillbereconstructed.答案：which此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词是stadium，指物，介词beside后面的关系代词用which。8．(2019·天津部分区高三质量调查)________isexpected,AIisanareawhereChinamayappearasaleadingforce.答案：As设空处引导定语从句，位于句首，表示“正如”，用关系代词as。9．(2019·重庆高三上学期联合考试)Sincehereceivedtheseries,themainthing________hasoccupiedthemthesedaysisreadingbookstogether.答案：that/which设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词thing指物，设空处在从句中充当主语，故用that/which。10．(2019·石家庄市重点高中高三毕业班摸底考试)Firstofall,Iwastodraftthespeech,________wasjustapieceofcakeforme,agoodwriter.答案：which设空处引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，指代“Iwastodraftthespeech”这件事，故用which。11．(2019·江苏南通高三一模)Takingtargetedmeasurestohelppeopleliftthemselvesoutofpoverty,________hasbeenpredicted,isfruitful.答案：as设空处引导定语从句，根据句意，这里表示“正如预测的那样”，故用关系代词as。12．(2019·辽宁沈阳高三五模)Whenwewerebusywiththeunluckyfellows,awell­dressedmancamein________lookedanythingbutpoor.答案：who/that设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词awell­dressedman指人，设空处在从句中充当主语，故用who/that。13．(2019·日照联考)Thedocumentaryisaboutthepeople________jobistorepairtherelicsinthemuseum.答案：whose设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词thepeople和从句中的job是所属关系，故用whose，在从句中充当定语。14．(2019·湖北名校联盟高三三模)Those________movetohappiercountriesgain,whilethose________movetolesshappycountrieslose.答案：who;who设空处引导定语从句，先行词those指人，设空处在从句中充当主语，those后接定语从句时，定语从句通常用关系代词who来引导，故用who。15．(2019·河北省石家庄市毕业班模拟)Icameupwithsomething________couldmonitormyscreentime.答案：that设空处引导定语从句，先行词something指物，且为不定代词，设空处在从句中充当主语，只能用that。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ.单句改错：下面每句各有一处错误，请把答案写在句子后面的横线上。)1．(2019·宁夏回族自治区银川一中高三月考)Inaddition,heoftengiveshisencouragementtous,thatmeansalottous.__________________________________________________________________答案：that→which非限制性定语从句不可用关系代词that引导，这里用关系代词which指代前面主句所述内容，故把that改为which。2．(2019·湖北七市联考)We'velistedsomeofthemostfamousflowerswhichhaveaspecialsignificance.__________________________________________________________________答案：which→that先行词被最高级修饰，关系词用that不用which。3．(2019·福建省高三毕业班质量检查测试)HeandhiswifearesomeofthenicestpeoplethatIhaveevermetthem.__________________________________________________________________答案：去掉them定语从句中的关系代词that，指代先行词people并在从句中作met的宾语，代词them为多余成分，故去掉them。4．(2019·厦门模拟)Themainstreetislinedwithsmallstandsandshopswhosellalmostanythingyoucanimagine.__________________________________________________________________答案：who→which/that这里先行词smallstandsandshops指物，设空处在从句中充当主语，故用which/that。5．(2019·广东七校联合体第二次联考)Thiswomanhassetagoodexampletoherson,thatisareallyluckyguy.__________________________________________________________________答案：that→who非限制性定语从句不可用关系代词that引导，这里用关系代词who，指代前面的herson，故把that改为who。6．(2019·太原二模)Whenyouexercise,you'rebuildingastrongbodywhatwillbeabletomovearoundanddoallthestuffyouneedtodo.__________________________________________________________________答案：what→which/that这里先行词astrongbody指物，引导词在从句中充当主语，故用which/that。7．(2019·甘肃第二次诊断)Someitemsmustbereturnedtothebranchfromwhatyouborrowedthem.__________________________________________________________________答案：what→which此处“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句，先行词thebranch指物，故把what改为which。what不引导定语从句。8．(2019·广东五校联考)Myfriend,herhairwasalreadywet,suddenlycouldn'tmoveorspeak.__________________________________________________________________答案：her→whose关系词在从句中充当定语，要用关系代词whose引导，故把her改为whose。9．(2019·九江市联考)Abouttwoyearsago,Iworkedhardandenteredalocalkeyschool,whichmyparentswereproudofit.__________________________________________________________________答案：去掉it关系代词which指代主句整句内容并在定语从句中充当成分，作介词of的宾语，后面从句中的it为多余成分，故去掉it。10．(2019·福建厦门一中高三上期末模拟)BelfastWelcomeCentreistheonlyplacewhichprovidesthisservice.__________________________________________________________________答案：which→that这里先行词place被theonly修饰，后面的关系代词只能用that。故把which改为that。11．(2019·江苏泰州期末)ForeignleadersspeakhighlyofthepathofthepeacefuldevelopmentforwhichChinahasbeendevotedsincethestartofthereformandopening­uppolicy.__________________________________________________________________答案：for→todevelopment之后是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词为thepathofthepeacefuldevelopment，指物；介词的选择根据动词的搭配，bedevotedto表示“致力于”，所以应用towhich。12．(2019·北京第四中学高考模拟)WangXiaojin,whoseisfromShandongProvince,hasbeenexhibitingsince1993.__________________________________________________________________答案：whose→who先行词WangXiaojin指人，引导词在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，只能用who引导，故把whose改为who。13．(2019·陕西宝鸡高考模拟)In2019,abigrevolutionarytechnologyshiftwillfinallyoccur,thatiscalled5G.__________________________________________________________________答案：that→which非限制性定语从句不可用关系代词that引导，这里用关系代词which，指代前面主句所述内容，故把that改为which。14．(2019·南昌NCS20190607第一次模拟)Ilinedupwithother25,000runners,mostofwhowereprofessionalrunners.__________________________________________________________________答案：who→whom此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为other25,000runners，指人，关系代词在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用whom。15．(2019·东北三省三校高三一模)HelenhadaboyfriendHarrywhoonlyambitionwastoplayahorn.__________________________________________________________________答案：who→whose这里先行词aboyfriendHarry在限制性定语从句中充当定语，故把who改为whose。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ.单句写作：根据句意和括号内内容的提示，在空线处填上适当的答案。)1．(2019·清华大学附属中学高三一模)In1987,Chinawasstilloperatingsteamtrainsonsomerailroutes,________________________frommanycountriesamazed.(这使得人们)答案：whichmadepeople2．(2019·福州高三第一学期质量检测)TheUShascountlesssecretswimmingholesthroughoutmoststates,________________you'velikelyneverheardofunlessyou'refromthere.(其中大多数游泳洞)答案：mostofwhich3．(2019·重庆高三学业质量调研抽测)Therearenumerousspeedreadingapps____________________onthemarketoverthepastfewyears.(速读apps已经出现)答案：that/whichhaveappeared4．(2019·河南郑州高中毕业班第一次质量检测)I'llswitchoffmycomputerthenexttimeIfeellikeImightbuysomethingelse__________________________.(我不需要的)答案：thatIdon'tneed5．(2019·山西省实验中学月考)MrAlexanderistheprofessor______________Ihavethegreatestrespect.(对他)答案：forwhom6．(2019·安徽合肥第一次教学质量检测)Iusedthedata_________________.(我收集的)答案：(that/which)Ihadcollected7．(2019·太原高三年级考试)SchwartzrecentlygaveaspeechatTEDXSydney,____________hestatedthatsomeofthewebsite'spoemswereabletofool65percentofhumanreaders.(在这个讲座里)答案：inwhich8．(2019·昆明高三年级复习诊断)Therearealotoftranslationapps_________inawordorphraseandwilltranslateitforyou.(允许你输入)答案：thatallowyoutotype9．(2019·贵阳高三第一次检测)Suchpeoplehaveaconditionofthebraincalled“faceblindness”，______________________isdevelopmentalprosopagnosia,orDPforshort.(其实际名字)答案：whoseactualname10．(2019·江苏省徐州市期末)TheoldpicturesbringtheGreensto__________________________________together.(他们度过的日子)答案：thedayswhich/thattheyspent(二)关系副词Ⅰ.单句语法填空：根据句意，在空线处填上适当的关系副词。1．(2019·陕西宝鸡中学高三三模)Sooverthecenturies,atraditionhasformed________daughtersaresenttothecityformoney.答案：where设空处引导定语从句，先行词是atradition，关系词在从句中作地点状语，表示“在此”，所以用关系副词where引导。2．(2019·天津市十二重点中学高三毕业班联考)ManyteacherslikesurfingtheInternet,________theymayfindalotofusefulvideosaboutteaching.答案：where设空处引导定语从句，先行词是theInternet，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。3．(2019·成都高中毕业班第一次诊断考试)Herearesomereasons________youshouldshareyourstoryofstruggles.答案：why设空处引导定语从句，先行词是somereasons，关系词在从句中作原因状语，所以用关系副词why引导。4．(2019·山东省枣庄八中月考)Shedreamedoftheday________themanagerofthesupermarketwouldapproachherandsay:“Madam,thisisYourLuckyDay.Everythinginyourbasketisfree.”答案：when设空处引导定语从句，先行词是theday，关系词在从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。5．(2019·广东省肇庆市高中毕业班第一次检测)Ifeltthatthiscreatedasortofprivateworld________Icouldgetmyownbackformyfailureineverydaylife.答案：where设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词world，且在定语从句中作地点状语，指“在这个世界”，用关系副词引导，故填where。6．(2019·重庆市高三联合考试)Lowcostsisanotherreason________usinggeothermalpowerplantsshouldbethefirstchoiceformanycountries.答案：why设空处引导定语从句，先行词是anotherreason，关系词在从句中作原因状语，所以用关系副词why引导。7．(2019·吉林省六校联考模拟)Therewillcomeatime________myfatherwon'trecognizemeandIworryhe'sgoingtobeviolentandhurtmymother.答案：when设空处引导定语从句，先行词是atime，关系词在从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。8．(2019·河北五个一名校联盟模拟)Therearemanygoodwebsites________youcancheckoutthelatestinthescienceworld.答案：where设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词website，且在定语从句中作地点状语，指“在网络上”，用关系副词引导，故填where。9．(2019·福建厦门一中高三期末)ThelasttimeaChineseathleteachievedamilestonewasin2004,________LiuXiangwonagoldmedalinAthensinthe110mhurdles.答案：when设空处引导定语从句，先行词是2004，关系词在从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。10．(2019·安徽合肥高三第一次教学质量检测)BookyourstayattheWestinPlayaRonita,________youcanbookaroomstartingat$222anight.答案：where设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词theWestinPlayaRonita，且在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词引导，故填where。11．(2019·湖北省七市州联考)Thesehalf­dayvisitswillbeheldthroughouttheyear,attimes________youngpeoplearenotatschool.答案：when设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词times，在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导。12．(2019·湖北名校联盟高三三模)It'sacommunity­basedapp________peoplehelpeachotherandsharetheirnativelanguages.答案：where设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词app，且在定语从句中作地点状语，指“在app上”，用关系副词引导，故填where。13．(2019·山东潍坊高考模拟)Cyclepastlegendaryhomesandalltheplaces________therichandfamouslive,shop,eatandplay.答案：where/不填设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词places，且在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导；先行词为place时，关系副词where可省略。14．(2019·辽宁沈阳东北育才学校高三五模)Carnivorous(食肉的)plantstendtogrowinareas________thesoilisverythinandlacksnecessarynutrients.答案：where设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词areas，且在定语从句中作地点状语，意为“在此区域”，用关系副词引导，故填where。15．(2019·北大附中高考模拟(3月))Thisisthedayoftheyear________peoplearoundtheworldcareabouttheirsleepandaskthemselvesquestionsaboutsleep.答案：when设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词thedayoftheyear，在从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ.单句改错：下面每句各有一处错误，请把答案写在句子后面的横线上。)1．(2019·江西南昌二模)HealsostartedtheRoyalAcademyofDance,whichimportantpeoplecouldlearnthisart.__________________________________________________________________答案：which→where逗号后的部分为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词theRoyalAcademyofDance，引导词在定语从句中作地点状语，意为“在此”，用关系副词引导，故把which改为where。2．(2019·湖北名校联盟高三二模押题第二套)DeomsaysitallbeganinJanuary1972,whohewasteachingscienceinaone­roomschoolhousehere.__________________________________________________________________答案：who→when本句中定语从句的先行词为January1972，关系词在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导，故把who改为when。3．(2019·江苏省七市高三第二次调研)Theteacheroftengiveshisstudentsabriefpauseinclasswhichtheycantakeinwhathehastaught.__________________________________________________________________答案：which→when本句中定语从句的先行词为pause(间歇)，关系词在从句中作时间状语，意为“在这段时间里”，用关系副词when引导，故把which改为when。4．(2019·天津市河北区高三年级总复习质量检测)Hewrotealetterwhichheexplainedwhathadhappenedintheaccident.__________________________________________________________________答案：which→where本句中定语从句的先行词为aletter，关系词在从句中作地点状语，意为“在此(信里)”，用关系副词where引导，故把which改为where。5．(2019·广东省惠州市高三第一次调研考试)Afterpurchasingseedlings,wechoseaplacethattheseedlingscouldgetproperwaterandsunshine.__________________________________________________________________答案：that→where/去掉that本句中定语从句的先行词为aplace，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导，故把that改为where；当先行词为place时，后面的关系副词where可省略，故也可直接去掉that。6．(2019·河南省新乡市高三3月份质量检测)Iwanttochallengeeachofyoutomakeacommitmenttohelponeperson,oneorganization,onesituationwheretouchesyourheart.__________________________________________________________________答案：where→that本句中定语从句的先行词为“oneperson,oneorganization,onesituation”，关系代词在从句中作主语，先行词既有人又有物时关系代词只能用that，故把where改为that。7．(2019·石家庄市重点高中高三毕业班摸底考试)Somerelevantactivitieswillbeheldduringdifferentfestivals,suchasmakingdumplingsoreatingzongzi,whichyoucannotonlyenjoydeliciousmealsbutalsohaveagoodknowledgeofChineselife.__________________________________________________________________答案：which→where逗号后面的部分为定语从句，修饰先行词activities，表示抽象地点，引导词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。8．(2019·甘肃省静宁一中高三一模)ThisisaplacewhereIamalwaysdreamingabout.__________________________________________________________________答案：where→which/that或去掉where定语从句中about后面缺少宾语，故用关系代词that/which来引导；由于关系代词作宾语，故也可以省略。9．(2019·黑龙江鹤岗一中高三月考)WhenIwasateenager,IwasinanorganizationwherewecalledtheTides.__________________________________________________________________答案：where→which/that此处organization为先行词，指物，定语从句的引导词在从句中作宾语，故把where改为which/that。10．(2019·陕西商洛山阳中学高考模拟)It'sahugedealforstudentswhoareinareaswhentheycan'tgettotheTOEFLorIELTS.__________________________________________________________________答案：when→where定语从句的先行词为areas，引导词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导，故把when改为where。11．(2019·东北三省三校高三一模)Ifyoufeelthatyouhavebeenthevictimofafraud(诈骗),youshouldreportthistothepoliceintheregionwhichyoulive.__________________________________________________________________答案：which→where该句中定语从句的先行词是theregion，引导词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“你所居住的地区”，用关系副词where引导，故把which改为where。12．(2019·辽宁沈阳东北育才学校高三五模)Thetourendsmid­afternoonbackinPariswhichyouwillhavetheremainderofthedayatyourleisure.__________________________________________________________________答案：which→where定语从句的先行词是Pairs，引导词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导，故把which改为where。13．(2019·陕西榆林高考模拟)Wemightsendone,forexample,toauniversityandtheothertoafactorywhenthejobisboring.__________________________________________________________________答案：when→where此处表述“工作很乏味的工厂”，定语从句修饰先行词afactory，引导词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导，故把when改为where。14．(2019·河北邯郸高三一模)Inplaceswithpoorcityplanning,forexampleLagos,wherewascalledoutrecentlybytheEconomistIntelligenceUnit,publicspacesarefew.__________________________________________________________________答案：where→which句中定语从句修饰先行词Lagos，引导词在非限制性定语从句中作主语，用which引导，故把where改为which。15．(2019·湖南省三湘名校教育联盟高三第一次大联考)ProfessorHawkingwarnedthatAI(人工智能)willsoonreachalevelwhichitwillbea“newformoflifethatwillperformbetterthanhumans”．__________________________________________________________________答案：which→where句中定语从句修饰先行词level，引导词在定语从句中作地点状语，表抽象地点，用关系副词where引导，故把which改为where。Ⅲ.选词填空：从表格中选出符合句意的单词。eq\x(which，that，who，whose，why，when，as，whom，where)