考点4做出判断和推理【全国一等奖】

做出判断和推理考点4：华侨中学英语备课组全国Ⅰ卷201920182017主旨要义题221事实细节题777推理判断题555意思猜测题112考点分析

每年每套题中一般会有一道题的题干含infer(推断)，明确要求考生推断隐含意思。如：Wecaninfer

that…(2019年全国Ⅰ卷)Whatcanweinfer

about…?(2019年全国Ⅱ卷；2018年全国Ⅰ卷)Whatcanweinfer

from…?(2017年全国Ⅱ卷)提问方式

但是，更多地是以what,why或which开头提问，且有时含learnabout(了解)或probably(可能)等字眼。如：

Whatcanwelearnabout…?(2019年全国Ⅱ卷；2019年全国Ⅲ卷；2016年全国Ⅲ卷)

Whatdowelearnabout…?(2019年全国Ⅱ卷；2015年全国Ⅱ卷)Whatwillprobablyhappentothebuilding?(2017年全国Ⅲ卷)Whydidtheteacheraskthestudentstotalkabouttheirdreams?(2016年全国Ⅱ卷)Whichofthefollowingbestdescribes…?(2019年全国Ⅰ卷；2019年全国Ⅲ卷；2015年全国Ⅰ卷)答题步骤:“一找二理，三推四比”Step1在文中找到答题区域Step2然后理解其字面意思Step3据词进行逻辑推理，做出判断Step4比较选项敲定答案［典型例题］2019年全国Ⅱ卷·24“Youcanusemeasalastresort(选择),andifnobodyelsevolunteers,thenIwilldoit.”ThiswasanactualreplyfromaparentafterIputoutarequestforvolunteersformykids’lacrosse(长曲棍球)club.Whatcanweinferabouttheparentfromherreplyinparagraph1?A.Sheknowslittleabouttheclub.B.Sheisn’tgoodatsports.C.Shejustdoesn’twanttovolunteer.D.She’sunabletomeetherschedule.推断隐含意思她对俱乐部知之甚少她不擅长运动她只是不想做志愿者她无法完成她的日程安排Tips:错误选项（无中生有）。

4.(2018年全国Ⅰ卷·28)Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?A.Theydevelopedveryfast.B.Theywerelargeinnumber.C.Theyhadsimilarpatterns.D.Theywerecloselyconnected.语言发展快速语言数量大语言有相似模式语言紧密相连无中生有黑白颠倒张冠李戴Tips:要根据字面意思进一步推断。5.(2018年全国Ⅱ卷·28)

Teensandyoungerchildrenarereadingalotlessforfun,accordingtoaCommonSenseMediareportpublishedMonday.Whilethedeclineoverthepastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,somedatainthereportshowsthatreadingremainsabigpartofmanychildren'slives…Accordingtothereport'skeyfindings,“theproportion(比例)whosaythey‘hardlyever’readforfunhasgone…”WhatistheCommonSenseMediareportprobablyabout?A.Children'sreadinghabits.B.Qualityofchildren'sbooks.C.Children'safter-classactivities.D.Parent-childrelationships.儿童阅读习惯儿童书籍的质量儿童的课外活动亲子关系推断文章出处这类试题在全国卷中偶尔会出现，题干中常含有comefrom或takefrom。解答这类题时要根据文章内容、文体特征或某些关键词去推断。［典型例题］2019年全国Ⅰ卷·31Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric(生物测量)technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice(装置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence(节奏)…Italsodoesn’trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearen’talreadyfamiliarwith.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipants…

Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary. B.Aguidebook.C.Anovel. D.Amagazine.technologysmartkeyboarddeviceTips:高频词识别语篇类型这类试题在全国卷中仅2014年出现过一次。可根据首句、文体特征和某些关键词来识别语篇所属类型。［典型例题］2014年全国课标Ⅰ卷·23TheCambridgeScienceFestival(CSF)ispleasedtoinformyouofthesixthannualCuriosityChallenge.Thechallengeinvites,evendaresschoolstudentsbetweentheagesof5and14tocreateartworkorapieceofwriting…Studentsarebeingdaredtodrawapicture…StudentswhoentertheCuriosityChallengeandareselectedaswinnerswillbehonoredataspecialceremony……Theprogramguidelinesandotherrelatedinformationareavailableat:http://cambridgescience.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A.Anexhibitionguide.B.Anartshowreview.C.Anannouncement.D.Anofficialreport.展览指南艺展评论通知官方报告Tips:关键词推断文中人物或组织的观点态度［典型例题］2019年全国Ⅰ卷·30Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?