倒装-英语语法

Inversion英语倒装句分为两种：１、整个谓语在前的句子，叫完全倒装。Thereisatableintheroom.２、部分谓语（情态动词、主动词、连系动词）在前，谓语的主体部分仍在主语之后的句子，叫不完全倒装句。Whydidyoudoitlikethat?一、完全倒装1.Therebe句型在therebe

句子中，谓语是be,exist,live,lie

等表示状态的不及物动词。

动词后的名词为句子的主语。句子的谓语应与最靠近它的主语相一致。Thereisnobodyintheclassroom.Thereseemssomethingwrongwithmyradio.Therehappenedaneventlastweek.Therestandsatempleonthetopofthemountain.2.用于副词（here、there、now、out、in、

then、up、down、away、over、off、

back等）开头的句子中。Thebuscomeshere.Thechildrenwentout.Thepricesgoupandout.Thehorseswentoff.Thebrownwavescamedown!ThedooropenedandMr.Smith,ourheadmastercamein.Herecomesthebus.Outwentthechildren.Upandoutgotheprices.Offwentthehorses.Downcamethebrownwaves!ThedooropenedandincameMr.Smith,ourheadmaster.注、1.当代词做句子的主语时,句子不能倒装。Away

theywent.

Back

theyfought.Here

hecomes.

Up

itflew.注:2.地点状语提前，为了保持句子平衡且谓语是be,stand,sit,lie

等动词时。句子也常要构成完全倒装结构的句子。Abigsteelfactoryliessouthofthecity.Thefrightenedsound

camefromthevalley.Asmallboy

satinfrontofthefarmhouse.Apictureofahorse

wasoneverypieceofpaper.Southofthecityliesabigsteelfactory.Fromthevalleycamethefrightenedsound.Infrontofthefarmhousesatasmallboy.Oneverypieceofpaperwasapictureofahorse.二、不完全倒装1.Onlyinthisway_______makeprogressinyourEnglish.A.youB.canyouC.youbeabletoD.willyouableto2.Onlywhenthemeetingwasover_______gobacktomeethisfriend.

A.hecouldB.hewasabletoC.washeabletoD.wasabletohe

3.Onlyinthisafternoon_______thenovel.A.IfinishedB.IcouldfinishC.didIfinishD.IwasabletofinishBCCOnlyinthisway

youcanmaster

English.Onlythen

werealizedthatthemanwasblind.Onlywhenthewarwasoverin1918

washeableto

gethappilybacktowork.

Only

bythismeans

isitpossibletoexplainit.canyoumasterdidwerealize1.

only＋副词\介词短语\状语从句位于句子开头时：Only{副词介词短语状语从句}+倒装句Notuntil___enteredtheuniversity___theimportanceoftime.A.hadmyson;herealizedB.mysonhad;didherealizeC.hadmyson;didherealizeD.mysonhad;herealized2.Hardly___asleepwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.A.shehadfallenB.hasshefallenC.hadshefallenD.shefellNosooner___reachedthisconclusionthantheyagreedtoit.

A.haveweB.didweC.hadweD.couldweBCC2.

在there,here

引导的句子中,谓语动词用come,go,follow,enter,rush,occur等。Theregoesthebell.Theregoesthethief!Herecomesyourhusband.注意：主语是人称代词时，则不需倒装。Herehecomes.Hereitis.3.在Nosooner…than,Hardly…when,Not…until句型中。但从句不倒装,

主句倒装。

Hedidnotfinishhishomeworkuntiltheteachercame.Nosooner

hadweentered

thehousethan

itbegantorainHardly

hadweentered

thehousewhen

it

begantorain.untiltheteachercameNothedidn’tfinishNotuntiltheteachercame

didhefinishhishomework.4.never,hardly,seldom,little,scarcely,barely,notonly,not等具有否定意义位于

句首时：Notasinglemistakedidhemake.Little

didheknowwhothewomanwas.Notonly

didhesmoke,butalsohedrank.NeverhaveIseensomanypeople.5.当句子中出现so,nor,neither

用于表示“也”时：HehasbeentoBeijing,so

haveI.Ican’tanswerthequestion,neither

canhe.注意sodoI与soIdo的区别。SodoI用于说明前句所说的内容同样适合于另一个人；而soIdo则是用来肯定前句所说的内容。6.在so…that句型中，so…提到句时：Socarelesslydidhedrivethathealmostkilledhimself.2.

Soloudlydidhespeakthatpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.3.

Sofastdoeslighttravelthatitisdifficultforustoimagineitsspeed.4.

SosmallwasthemarkthatIcouldhardlyseeit.7.If

引导的虚拟条件句,可省略if,把should,

had

或

were放在主语前.

1.Shoulditrain,thecropswouldgrowbetter.2.WereIyourfather,Iwouldnotgiveyouthemoney.3.Haditnotbeenforthecaptain,theshipwouldhavesunk.在以上这些结构中，如果句子中只有be动词，而没有助动词、情态动词时，句子也应该构成完全倒装结构。Notonlyisheasinger,buthealsoisadancer.Sheismyteacher,soishe.Soexcitedwashethathecouldn’tsayaword.1.as

和though引导的让步状语从句中：a.adj.+as+s.+v.,S.+V.Proud

asthesenoblesare,heisafraidtoseeme.b.adv.+as+s.+v.,S.+V.Hard

astheytried,theycouldnotfindthenecklace.三、其他c.n.+as+s.+v.,S.+V.Child

ashewas,hehadtomakealiving.注：名词前不能加任何冠词d.v.+as+s.+助动词，S.+V.Tryashewould,hemightfailagain.注：在倒装句中，助动词仍出现在主语后是很少见的。2.

however/nomatterhow

等引导的让步状语从句中,常将从句中的形容词.副词提到句首,紧跟在however

之后,但从句的主谓语序不倒装.Howeverdifficultcomputerscienceis,Iwilltrymybesttomasterit.7、在以often,well,manyatime,nowandagain

等方式或频度副词(短语)开头的句子中,要用部分倒装结构。如:

ManyatimeJohnhasgivenmegoodadvice.Oftenwehavemadethattest.Alwaysthesoldierswenttohelpthevillagers.Oftenwewarnedthemnottodoso.WellIrememberthedayIsawawildtiger.Manyatimedidhegoswimmingintheriver.hasJohngivenhavewemadedidthesoldiergodidwewarnthemdoIrememberSuchwasthestoryhetoldme.注：such和be连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序，如：

Suchwastheresult.Suchwereherwords.Suchwasthestoryhetold.8.“分词(代词)+be+主语”结构。如:

1.Ourteacherwaswalkingattheheadoftheline.2.Agroupofyoungmenareseatedontheground

playingcards.3.Aboyagedaboutseventeenwaslyingonthefloor.Walkingattheheadoftheline

wasourteacher.Seatedonthegroundareagroupofyoungmen

playingcards.Lyingonthefloorwasaboyagedaboutseventeen

1.

IfinallygotthejobIdreamedabout.Neverinallmylife____sohappy.

A.didIfelt

B.Ifelt

C.Ihadfelt

D.hadIfelt2.

Notasinglesong____atyesterday’sparty.A.shesang

B.sangshe

C.didshesing

D.shedidsing3.Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury____whatheatis.4.Little____abouthisownsafety,thoughhewasingreatdangerhimself.A.doeshecareB.didhecareC.hecaresD.hecared

5.Atthegate____asoldier____uniform.A.lying;inB.lain;wornC.laid;dressingD.lay;in6.Nosooner____histalkthanhe____theworkers.A.hefinished;surroundedallB.didhefinish;didsurroundedC.hadhefinished;wass