人教版高中英语必修五：《Unit3-Life-in-the-future-Grammar》课件

Unit3Lifeinthefuture

GrammarPastparticiple(3)

usedasAdverbial&Attribute过去分词

过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式,表示完成和被动的动作。它在句子中可以充当状语、定语等成分。过去分词与现在分词作状语过去分词表完成、被动,与主句主语之间是被动关系;现在分词表进行,主动,与主句主语之间是主动关系。如果一个被动的动作发生在谓语动词之前,则可使用现在分词的完成被动式或过去分词。attention

过去分词表完成、被动,作状语时,其逻辑主语是主句的主语,且与主语之间存在着被动关系。过去分词作状语可表时间,原因,让步,结果,方式,条件等。1请在此处输入您的标题4请在此处输入您的标题2请在此处输入您的标题3请在此处输入您的标题目录6最新文档精品文档reviewattribute(定语)thedevelopedcountriesthedevelopingcountriesthefallenleavesthefallingleavespredicative(表语)Theemotionlessswordisbroken.Weareintrestedintheintrestingstory.objectcomplement(宾补)TheShiZunwantsHuaQiangukilledallthetime.Pleasehaveyourhaircut.观察下列的句子:Worriedaboutthejourney,Iasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.PPasadverbial(状语)过去分词表完成、被动,作状语时,其逻辑主语是主句的主语,且与主语之间存在着被动关系。过去分词作状语可表时间,原因,让步,结果,方式,条件等。状语:对谓语动词进行修饰、限定的叫做状语,说明动作发生的背景和情况。Heworksinthefactory.Herunsquikly.观察下列的句子:Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.BecauseIwasworriedaboutthejourny,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.PP作原因状语,相当于一个原因状语从句。请在此处输入您的标题点击此处输入您的内容，建议微软雅黑或者黑体，本模版所有图形线条及其相应素材均可编辑、更改颜色。点击此处输入您的内容，建议微软雅黑或者黑体，本模版所有图形线条及其相应素材均可编辑、更改颜色。文本文本文本13最新文档精品文档分析：作用：链接两个句子Iwasworriedaboutthejourny.Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.分析：Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.逻辑主语和主句主语(

)过去分词和主语存在()表示动作（）一致动宾关系完成分析：Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.逻辑主语和主句主语(

)过去分词和主语存在()表示动作（）一致动宾关系完成过去分词作状语：过去分词表完成、被动,作状语时,其逻辑主语是主句的主语,且与主语之间存在着被动关系。过去分词作状语可表时间,原因,让步,结果,方式,条件等。过去分词作时间状语1.WhenShaQianmoisseenfromalltheaspects,ShaQianmolooksfascinated.

Seenfromalltheaspects,ShaQianmolooksfascinated.过去分词原因状语Becausehewasinspiredbyhostility,DongFangarrangedthewholething.

Inspiredbyhostility,DongFangarrangedthewholething.作条件状语IfIwasgivenachance,Iprefertobehurtbythemonsters.

Givenachance,Iprefertobehurtbythemonsters.

过去分词作伴随状语1.Marywasreadingalovestory,andshewascompletelylosttotheromanticlife.

Marywasreadingalovestory,completelylosttotheromanticlife.过去分词作伴随状语1.Marywasreadingalovestory,andshewascompletelylosttotheromanticlife.

Marywasreadingalovestory,completelylosttotheromanticlife.过去分词作让步状语

1.Althoughlovedbynoone,youmustliveandloveyourself.

Althoughyouarelovedbynoone,youmustliveandloveyourself.过去分词作方式状语

1.HuaQianguwasplayingtheharp,instructedbyhermaster.

HuaQianguwasplayingtheharp,asshewasinstructedbyhermaster.过去分词作方式状语过去分词作时间，原因，让步，条件等状语从句，可转化为对应的状语从句。过去分词作状语可在其前加when,if,although,asif,等连词，构成“连词+过去分词”的形式。1.当过去分词的逻辑主语不是主句主语时，过去分词前面可以加上名词和代词作逻辑主语，形成独立主格结构。过去分词语气逻辑主语之间是动宾关系。AttentionTheywillsendyouthebooksfor3.75,postageincluded.Everythingconsidered,hisplansseembetterthanyours.Seenfromthehill,thecitylooksverybeautiful.Seeingfromthehill,youcanhaveagoodviewofthecity.

doing&done作状语的区别1.从上面看,体育场好像一个鸟巢。

____fromthetop,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.A.SeeingB.Seen2.从太空看,宇航员看不到长城。____fromthespace,theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall.A.SeeingB.Seen注意：选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出，分词就选用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。位置：句前（主语前），句后，句中（主语后）

Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays,Worriedaboutthejourney.Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.I,Worriedaboutthejourney,wasunsettledforthefirstfewdays,.1)过去分词在句子中可以作时间状语、原因状语、伴随状语、条件状语和让步状语等。2)过去分词作状语时,过去分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致。Summary过去分词作状语:过去分词有两大特点：1.表示被动的动作；2.表示已经完成的动作,因此,当过去分词作状语的时候一定要搞清楚分词与主语的逻辑关系－－被动,例如:DifferencebetweenthePresentParticipleandthePastParticiple_____foralongtime,thebooklooksold.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧.______

thebook,Ifindituseful.在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用.________

ather,

hejumpedwithjoy._______atbyher,hejumpedwithjoy.UsedUsingLookingLookedCompleteeachsentenceusingthePastParticipleoftherightverb.1)_________bynoisesinthenight,thegirlnolongerdaretosleepinherroom.2)Theladyreturnedhome,________bytwopolicemen.frightentrapfollowshootFrightenedfollowed3)If_______inaburningbuilding,youshouldsendforhelp.4)Although____intheleg,hecontinuedfiringatthepolice.trappedshot过去分词作定语过去分词作定语与其所修饰的词之间存在着逻辑上的被动关系,且表示该动作已经完成。单个的过去分词作定语,通常置于被修饰的词的前面,而分词短语作定语,则须置于被修饰词的后面。Attention1.LastSundaywewentonanorganizedtriptotheforest.

上星期我们组织了一次去森林的旅行。2.Aletterpostedtodaywillreachhimthedayaftertomorrow.

今天发出的信后天就能收到。分词作定语可以转换成定语从句:Heworkedasaworkerbuildingroads.(主动)=Heworkedasaworkerwho/thatbuiltroads.Thisisapicturepaintedbymyfather.(被动)=Thisisapicturewhichwaspaintedbymyfather.Iknowtheyoungmansleepingonthebench.(在进行)=Iknowtheyoungmanwhoissleepingonthebench.Thelettermailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.(已完成)=Theletterwhichwasmailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号。

Someofthem,bornandbroughtupincountryvillages,hadneverseenatrain.

他们当中有一些人,生长在农村，从未见过火车。过去分词作定语有前置和后置两种情况:

单个的过去分词作定语,通常放在被修饰的名词之前,表示被动和完成意义。1.前置定语被动意义：anhonoredguest一位受尊敬的客人

(受伤的工人)arenowbeingtakengoodcareofinthehospital.B.完成意义aretiredteacher一位退休的教师Theyarecleaning

(落叶)intheyard.Theinjuredworkersthefallenleaves2.后置定语

过去分词短语作定语时,通常放在被修饰的名词之后,它的作用相当于一个定语从句。Thiswillbethebestnovelofitskindeverwritten.=Whoweretheso-calledguestsinvited(=)toyourpartlastnight?thathaseverbeenwrittenwhohadbeeninvited

如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，即使一个单一的分词作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。例如：

Isthereanythingunsolved?ThereisnotingchangedheresinceIleftthistown.注意:1.TheOlympicGames,___in776B.C.,didn’tincludewomenuntil1912.

A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobeplaying考点点拨简析:首先,根据语法分析可知,待选部分是一个作定语、修饰TheOlympicGames的后置分词短语;再根据TheOlympicGames对于动词play来说只能是被动承受,且已完成(in776B.C.)。因此,该题应选C。2.What’sthelanguage___inGermany?A.speakingB.spokenC.bespokenD.tospeak

简析:该题应选B。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句whichisspoken。3.Mostoftheartists____tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited

简析:该题应选A。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句whowereinvited。4.Thecomputercentre,___lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened

简析:该题应选D。测试过去分词短语作定语放在所修饰的名词后,可以用非限制性定语从句“whichwasopenedlastyear”代替。5.Thefirsttextbooks____forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written

简析:该题应选D。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句whichwerewritten。

另外,分词作状语时,如果其逻辑主语与整个句子的主语不一致时,需要独立主格结构或with复合结构来替代。(此时,也可把该分词看成介词的宾语补足语。)例:Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands___behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied

简析:很显然,待选部分的逻辑主语是hishands,而不是句子的主语Themurderer,而hishands对于动词tie来说,只能是被动承受。因此,该题应选D。谢谢观看54最新文档精品文档6.When_____ifshewouldrequestarise,theactresssaidthatmoneywasnotimportant.A.asked B.askingC.havingasked D.beingasked7.YesterdayIsawinthenewspaperateachingpost_____ataschoolclosetomyhomeandIwantedtoapplyforit.A.advertises B.advertisingC.advertised D.toadvertise1.Ilikereadingthenovels______(write)byZhangAiling.2.Thegirl______(write)aletterinthestudyismycousin.3.ThereissomethingwrongwithmycarandIhavetogetit_______(repair).writte