九年级仁爱版英语上Unit1现在完成时态课件

PresentPerfectTense

现在完成时

Presentperfecttense

现在完成时

构成:have/has

+过去分词（过去分词的变化分规则与不规则两种。规则变化与过去式相同，不规则变化需要另记）1、Regularverbs（过去分词与过去时变化规则一样）(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”。

work---worked---workedvisit---visited---visited(2)、以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”。

live---lived

过去分词几种？(3)、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将“y”变为“i”，再加“ed”。，

study---studied---studiedcry---cried---cried(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”。

stop---stopped---stoppeddrop---dropped--dropped2、Irregularverbs:（过去分词与不规则动词的过去式形式一样）have—had—hadspend—spent—spent

make—made—maden

say—said—said

find—found—found

hear—heard—heard

ABBIrregularverbs:（过去分词与过去式形式不一样）take—took—takenspeak—spoke—spokensing—sang—sungdrive—drove—drivenbe—was/were—beengo—went—goneABCIrregularverbs:（过去分词，过去式与动词原形一样）cut—cut—cutput—put—put

let—let—letread—read—read

AAAIrregularverbs:（过去分词与动词原形一样）ABA动词原形过去式过去分词becomebecamebecome变comecamecome来runranrun跑 A.肯定句

主语＋助动词have\has+动词过去分词

+……B.否定句

主语＋助动词have\has+not+动词过去分词+……

C.一般疑问句助动词Have\Has+主语+动词过去分词+……肯定回答：否定回答：Yes,主语+have/hasNo,主语+have/hasnothaven’t/hasn’t二、句式D.特殊疑问句：

特殊疑问词+have/has+主语

+动词过去分词+……

现在完成时的用法强调动作_______在过去，

到现在。强调动作对现在的

。2）强调动作

在过去，

到现在。

强调动作持续时间的

。

发生影响影响开始持续长短用法一：表示过去的发生的动作对现在造成的的影响或结果。即它的“完成用法”常与

already“已经”，just“刚刚”，ever“曾经”，yet“尚，还”，never“从来没有”,before“在……以前”等连用.例如：Ihavejustcleanedmyclothes．我刚洗过衣服。（“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”）。对比：Icleanedmyclothesyesterday.我昨天洗了衣服，强调的是我昨天洗了衣服这件事。它的时间状语通常为already“已经”，just“刚刚”，ever“曾经”，yet“尚，还”，never“从来没有”,before“在……以前”等。already多用于肯定句Eg:Ihavealreadyfinishedit.just一般用于肯定句中，谓语动词前Ihavejustmethim.yet用于否定句和疑问句尾eg:Hashefinishedhishomeworkyet?ever多用于疑问句Eg:HasJaneeverbeentoShanghai?用already，just，ever，yet，never填空1.Haveyou_____visitedtheGeatWall?2.Hehas_____finishedhishomework,sohecangotoplaybasketball.3.Hehas______left,whenyoucomeback.4.Haveyouwateredtheplants______?5.Ihave______seensuchaninterestingfilmbefore.everalreadyjustyetnever注意：already用于

句；

yet用于

句句尾肯定否定/疑问Exercises

1.I________(have)lunchalready.2.Hasthetrain_______(arrive),yet?3.Tom____never_______(beto)China.4.Thetwin______just_____(see)myfather.havehadarrivedhasbeentohasseen用法二：

for+一段时间

since+一个时间点

since+一段时间agosince+一般过去时句子E.g.Katehaslivedherefor3years.Katehaslivedheresince2000.Katehaslivedheresince3yearsago.KatehaslivedheresinceshecametoChina.表示过去已经开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态,并且有可能再持续下去。动词使用延续性动词。常与for或since引导的时间连用用since或者for填空1.Mybrotherhasworkedinthisshool_______2006.2.TheGermanshavelivedinthecity______tenyeas.3.Ihavehadthisbook______twodaysago.sinceforsinceIV.分清for和since的用法1.Wehaven’tseeneachother______alongtime.2.HisfatherhasbeenintheParty______10yearsago.3.Thefilmhasbeenon______20minutes.4.MrGreenhasworkedhere______he

cametoChina.5.Hisgrandparentshavebeendead______severalyears.6.It’sfiveyears_______wemetlasttime.forsinceforsinceforsinceFillintheblankshave/hasgoneto

have/hasbeento

have/hasbeeninhave/hasgoneto:去了某地（已经去了或在途中，还没有返回）；have/hasbeento:去过某地（曾经去过某地，现在已经回来了,后面可接表示“次数”的状语）;

have/hasbeenin/at:呆在某地（表示某人“已在某地停留一段时间，现仍在那里”，其后常带表示一段时间的状语）。

BAABBAstayExercisesTom在哪儿？他去书店买书了。我在北京待了5年了。Jack去过上海两次了-WhereisTom?-Hethebookshoptobuysomebooks.IBeijingfor5years.JackShanghaitwice.hasgonetohavebeeninhasbeento英语动词延续性动词终止性动词begin,start,die,buy,leave,come不能与表示一段时间的状语：for+时间段,since+时间点/从句连用,也不能用在howlong引导的特殊疑问句中.终止性表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬间完成,不能再延续终止性动词要表示持续时,可用以下方法:⑴.将时间状语改为时间段+ago,句中谓语动词用一般过去时.eg.我弟弟参军两年了.Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.⑵.若保留for+时间段,since+时间点/从句,或用在howlong句型中,则需将终止性动词改为相应的状态动词或延续性动词．begin,start,die,buy,leave,come…常见短暂性动词转化为延续性动词的有come/go-------------------------------beleave-----------------------------------beaway(from)come/arrive------------------------bein/at+地点begin/start-----------------------------beondie-----------------------------------------bedeadbuy------------------------------haveborrow--------------------------------keepcatchacold-------------------------haveacoldclose--------------------------------- beclosedjoin--------------------------------- beamemberof bein+组织名称fallill-------------------------beillcome/go---------------------------leave--------------------------------come/arrive----------------------begin/start-------------------------die-----------------------------------buy----------------------------------borrow-----------------------------catchacold---------------------close------------------------------- join----------------------------------- fallill--------------------------------bebeaway(from)bein/at+地点beondeadhavekeephaveacoldbeclosedbeamemberofbein+组织名称beillExercises

Hisfatherhasdied.(for2years)Thefootballmatchhasbegun.(since9:00a.m)Thetwinshavejoinedthearmy.(sincetheywere18yearsold)MyteacherhasleftNanjing.(for3days)Hisfatherhasbeendead

for2years.Thefootballmatchhasbeenon

since9:00a.m.Thetwinshavebeeninthearmy

sincetheyare18yearsold.MyteacherhasbeenawayfromNanjingfor3daysTorF1.我买了这块手表五年了。2.这位老人已经死了十年了。

Ihaveboughtthiswatchforfiveyears.Ihavehadthiswatchforfiveyears/since5yearsago.Iboughtthiswatchfiveyearsago.

Theoldmanhasdiedfortenyears.Theoldmanhasbeendead

fortenyears/since10yearsago.Theoldmandied10yearsago.FFTTTTIII.分清终止性动词和延续性动词Correcting

1.Ihaveborrowedthebookfor3months.2.Mybotherhasjoinedthearmysincehewas18.3.JackandTomhavelivedheresince5years.4.ThefilmhasbeenonsinceIhavecometothecinema.5.WhenhasMr.Licaughtabadcold?

havekepthasbeenin/beenamemberofthearmysince5yearsago/for5yearscamedidcatch6.Tenyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried.7.JimhasgonetoBeijingfor2years.8.Whattimehavethefactoryopened?9.IhavegonetoChunhuaMiddleSchooltwicehashasbeenindidopenbeento现在完成时与一般过去时一般过去时和现在完成时的动作都发生在过去,但意义却不同.（1）一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态,和现在没有关系。（2）现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响,强调的是现在。如:IlearnedtenEnglishsongs（说明过去学过,现在是否记得,不是本句的内容）IhavelearnttenEnglishsongs.（learn发生在过去,但强调我现在懂英语歌曲）1.都表示过去发生的事2.现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系，不能和具体的时间状语连用如:yesterday,lastyear,threedaysago,justnow，in1990等；3.一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态与表示过去的具体时间连用（last,ago,yesterday,etc.）presentpastIhavelivedherefortwoyearsIlivedthere2yearsago（2）一般过去时可以和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:yesterday,lastyear,threedaysago,justnow，in1990等。现在完成时不能．eg.1.Hehadhisbreakfastat6:00

Hehashadhisbreakfast.2.Whendidyoucomehere?

IwatchedthefootballmatchonTVat9:00.

现在完成时注意四个分清(考点)：1.分清与一般过去时的用法2.分清终止性动词和延续性动词。3.分清hasbeento,hasgoneto4.分清for,since,ago的用法1.-Yourbrotherisn’tathome.Whereishe?He_____toBeijing.He_____forover2months.Ahasbeen,hasleftBhasgone,hasgoneChasgone,hasbeenaway2、Have

you

met

Mr

Li______？

A.

just

B.

ago

C.before

D.

amomentago

3、HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I_______ittwice.

A.

will

see

B.

have

seen

C.

saw

D.see

C现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），three

times（三次），several

times（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。CB4,These

farmers

have

been

to

the

United

States.

—Really?When_____

there?

A.will

they

go

B.

did

they

go

C.

do

they

go

D.

have

they

gone

B5、—______you___your

homework

yet?

—Yes.I_____

it

anhour

ago.

A.

Did;do;finished

B.

Have;finished;did

C.

Have;done;have

finished

D.

will;do;finish

B(）1---Let’sgotoseetheshow.-----I_____it.It’sveryinteresting.AhaveseenBseeCamseeing()2They____alltheirmoney,sotheyhavetowalkhome.AspendBhadspentChavespentDwillspend()3We_____ourbreakfast.We____itatschoolat6:30.Ahavehad;havehadBhavehad;hadChad;havehadDhad;hadACB()4---Haveyouever_____mystamps?---Yes,I_____themonyourdeskyesterday.Asaw;sawBsaw;seenCseen;sawDseen;wasseeing()5---YouhaveneverbeentotheWestLake,______you?----No,never.AdoBdidChaven’tDhave()6HehasgonetoQingdaoforsummerholidays,_____he?Aisn’tBwasn’tChasn’tDdoesn’tCDC()7---____you____tothehospitalyet?----Yes,Ihave.AHave;beenBHave;goneCHas;beenDHas;gone()8----HaveyouimprovedyourspokenEnglish_____?------Yes,Ihave.I’ve____improvedit.Aalready;yetBalready;alreadyCyet;alreadyDyet;yetAC()9----Haveyouseenthefilm______?----Yes,Isawitthreeyears_____.Aago;beforeBbefore;agoCago;agoDbefore;before()10Tom_____theCDplayerfortwoweeks____.Ahasseen,yetBhaven’tseen;yetChasn’tseen;alreadyDhasn’tseen;yetBD()11I_____thestorybookforaweek.AhaveboughtBhaveborrowedChavehadDhavesent()12Hurryup!Thefilm_____fortenminutes.AhasbeenonBbeganChasbegunDhadbegun()13Thetrain______fortenminutesAarrivedBwentChasleftDhasbeenawayCAD()15InBeijingmanypeople______theGreatWallmanytimesalready.AhavegonetoBhavebeentoCwenttoDgoto()16It’sfiveyearssince__________.AheleftBhehasbeenaway

ChehasleftDheleavesBAExercises

IamanAmericanboyIcametoChinatwoyearsago.I_____(study)herefortwoyears.Myfatheroften

(take)me_____

(play)footballontheplayground.LastweekI___(take)totheparkbyhim.Wesawalotofmonkeys

(jump)inthetree.IheardavoicefrombehindWhenI

(walk)alongtheriver.Ithoughtmyself.“Itmust_____

(be)Mr.Brown.He__(take)photos.”We___

(enjoy)thatday.We____(go)backtoAmericanextweek.havestudiedtakestoplaywastakenwalkedjumpbeistakingenjoyedwillgo中考考点：考点一：考查基本概念1

例如：Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey____what'shappenedtohim.Ａ.knewＢ.haveknownＣ.mustknowＤ.willknow（2011天津）

简析：现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，重点在于对现在的影响。虽说是过去发生的，但没有具体的表示过去的时间状语。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。Ｂ考点二：考查时间状语

例1.Hehas_______beentoShanghai,hashe?

Ａ.alreadyＢ.neverＣ.everＤ.still

例2.HaveyoumetMrLi______？

Ａ.justＢ.agoＣ.beforeＤ.amomentago

例3.Thefamouswriter____onenewbookinthepasttwoyear.

Ａ.iswritingＢ.waswritingＣ.wroteＤ.haswritten

例4.—Ourcountry______alotsofar.

—Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.

Ａ.haschanged;wellＢ.changed;goodＣ.haschanged;betterＤ.changed;better例5.ZhaoLan______already______inthisschoolfortwoyears.

Ａ.was;studyingＢ.will;study

Ｃ.has;studiedＤ.are;studying

例6.We______XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.

Ａ.knowＢ.hadknownＣ.haveknownＤ.knew

例7.HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I_______ittwice.

Ａ.willseeＢ.haveseenＣ.sawＤ.seeＢＣＤＣＣＣＢ

简析：现在完成时的时间状语常有如下四类：

⑴现在完成时常与already（已经），just（刚刚，正好），ever（曾经），never（从不），before（以前），yet（已经、尚、还）等连用。

⑵现在完成时常与recently（近来），sofar（到目前为止），inthepast/“last+一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。

⑶现在完成时时常与“for+时间段或since+过去时间点”连用（含从句，从句过去时）。

⑷现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），threetimes（三次），severaltimes（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。考点三：考查与一般过去时的区别

例1.—ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.

—Really?When___there?

Ａ.willtheygoＢ.didtheygo

Ｃ.dotheygoＤ.havetheygone

例2.—______you___yourhomeworkyet?

—Yes.I_____itamomentago.

Ａ.Did;do;finished

B.Have;done;finished

Ｃ.Have;done;havefinishedＤ.will;do;finish

简析：现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系，一般有表示过去的时间状语；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的时间状语（如yesterday,lastweek,amomentago等）连用。BB一般过去时与现在完成时比较：1：He_________(buy)aniceT-shirtyesterday.He_________(buy)aniceT-shirtalready.2：Thepatient________(die)threedaysago.Thepatient________(notdie)yet.3：She____________(be)illsincelastMonday.I____________(live)thereforfiveyears.boughthasboughtdiedhasn’tdiedhasbeenhavelived考点四：考查非延续性动词的用法

例1.Hisfather______thePartysince1978.

Ａ.joinedＢ.hasjoinedＣ.wasinＤ.hasbeenin

例2.—Doyouknowhimwell?

—Sure.We_________friendssincetenyearsago.

Ａ.wereＢ.havebeenＣ.havebecomeＤ.havemade

例3.—Howlonghaveyou____here?

—Abouttwomonths.

Ａ.beenＢ.goneＣ.comeＤ.arrived

例4.Hurryup!Theplay__________fortenminutes.

Ａ.hasbegunＢ.hadbegunＣ.hasbeenonＤ.began

例5.Hisunclediedtwoyearsago.（改变句子，句意不变）

Hisunclehas______

_fortwoyears

例6.HermotherhasbeenaPartymemberforthreeyears.（同义句）Hermother_______thePartythreeyears________.

例7.It_____tenyearssinceheleftthearmy.

Ａ.isＢ.hasＣ.willＤ.wasDBACbeendeadjoinedagoA

简析：现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词或表示状态的词来代替。常用的延持续性动词及替代形式如下：5.短暂动词和延续动词转换非延续性动词延续性动词buyborrowcomego/leaveopen/closebegin/startend/finishdiecatchacoldbecomeinterestedingetmarriedhavekeepbeenherebeenaway(from)beenopen/beclosedbeenonbeenoverbeendeadhaveacoldbeeninterestedinbeenmarried非延续性动词延续性动词putongetupwakeupfallasleepjoinarrive/reachwearbeupbeawakebeasleepbein=beamemberofbein/at1.【2011．