山东省济南莱州市高三英语上学期开学考试试题

山东省济南莱州市2021届高三英语上学期开学考试试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，只交答题卡。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ABookYourFieldTriptoPacificScienceCenterAfieldtriptoPacificScienceCenterisatime-honoredtraditionforstudentsofallagesacrossWashingtonState.Ourhands-onexhibits,shows,andcreativeprogramsinspirestudents’curiosityforscienceinadayofexplorationmeanttostrengthenyourcurriculumandfuellifelongenthusiasmforscience,math,engineeringandtechnology.ScheduleYourFieldTripToscheduleyourfieldtrip,completetheregistrationrequestformavailableatthelink,orcall(206)443-2925Monday—Fridayfrom8:30a.m.to4:30p.m.notlessthantwoweeksaheadofyourvisitdate.Wewillcontactyouwithintwobusinessdaystosetupyourfieldtrip.NewFall/WinterHoursStartingSeptember3,2020PacSciwillbeclosedonMondaysandTuesdaysexceptforholidaysandweeksduringSeattlePublicSchoolbreaks.Wewillnolongerbebookingfieldtripsonthosedays,aswell.PricingFieldTripPackagesPricePerStudentExhibitsOnly$9Package1Exhibitspluschoiceofoneexperience$11Package2Exhibitspluschoiceoftwoexperiences$13Package3Exhibitspluschoiceofthreeexperiences$15Onefreeadultgeneraladmissioniscoveredforevery10paidstudents.FreeadultadmissionexcludesIMAXdocumentary.Theseadultswillbechargeda$4IMAXdocumentaryadmission.Additionaladultsoutsideoftheratio(比例)willbechargedthestudentadmissionrate.PacificScienceCenterMembershipscannotbeappliedtofieldtrips.Paymentisdueoneweekbeforeyouvisit.AvailableExperiences•PlanetariumShows•IMAXDocumentaries•ScienceonaSphereShows•LaserShows1.WhatcanweknowaboutPacificScienceCenter?A.Itisfamousforitstypicalarchitecture.B.It’swherestudentscangetexposedtoscience.C.ItisonlyaccessibletostudentsinWashington.D.Itoffersstudentsfreeclasses.2.If2teachersand10studentswatchexhibitsandIMAXDocumentaries,howmuchwilltheyatleastpay?A.$125. B.$118. C.$127. D.$134.3.Whencanwereserveafieldtripbyphone?A.Onweekends.B.AnyMondayorTuesday.C.Twoworkdaysaheadofthevisittime.D.Atleast14daysbeforetheactualvisit.BAnairlinepassengerensureda20-year-oldmanwasreunitedwithhislostwallet–alongwithalittleextrasomethingtomakeupfortheirtimeapart.HunterShamattfirstlosthiswalletwhilehewasonaFrontierAirlinesflightfromOmahatoattendhissister’sweddinginLasVegasearlierthismonth.Onrealizinghiswalletwaslost,hecontactedtheairlinetoseeifanyonehadturneditin–buttonoavail.SincethewalletcontainedhisID,asignedpaycheck,hisdebitcard,and$60incash,he“fearedtheworst”.Shortlyaftertheflight,however,Hunterwasshockedtoreceiveapackageinthemailfromanunknownsender.Insidewashiswallet–alongwithanadditional$40incash.“FoundthisonaFrontierflightfromOmahatoDenver-row12,seatFstuckbetweentheseatandwall,”readaletterinthepackage.“Thoughtyoumightwantitback.Allthebest.PS:Iroundedyourcashuptoaneven$100soyoucouldcelebrategettingyourwalletback.Havefun!”Hunter’smother,Jeannie,postedaphotoofthelettertosocialmediainhopesthattheywouldbeabletotrackdownthesenderandthankthemfortheirkindness.AlltheyhadtogoonwasthattheletterwassentfromAppliedUnderwritersinOmahaandthesender’sinitialsweresigned:“T.B”.TheGoodManwaslateridentifiedasToddBrown,afather-of-fivewhowasdelightedatthechanceto“havealittlefun”withhelpingoutahard-workingstranger.Brownsaysthatheoftentriestodogooddeedswithoutanyrecognition,thuswhyhedidn’tsignhisfullnameontheletter,butJeannielaterinsistedonpraisingtheNebraskanativeonsocialmedia.“Itrytoteachmychildrentodotherightthingsinlife,helppeoplewhenyoucandespitetheoutcome,”shewroteonFacebook.“Thisstoryismoreaboutrestoringfaithinpeoplethananything.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tonoavail”inparagraph2mean?A.Underdiscussion. B.Invain. C.Beyondbelief. D.Ataloss.5.WhydidJeannieuploadapictureofthelettertosocialmedia?A.Tothrowlightonthetruth.B.TodrawattentiontoHunter’slostwallet.C.Tofindoutthesendertoexpressgratitude.D.Tosinghighpraiseforthesender’sgenerosity.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBrown?A.Innocent. B.Warm-hearted. C.Romantic. D.Easy-going.7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HunterShamatt—aLuckyManB.YoungPassengerReuniteswithSisterC.HelpingNeedyPeopleIsaGreatVirtueD.StrangerReturnsLostWalletwithMoreCashInsideCBeesareessentialforthepollinationofflowers,fruitsandvegetables.Sadly,overthepast15years,theglobalpopulationofthehardworkinginsectshasbeendroppingworldwideatalarmingratesduetolossoffoodandhabitat.Now,Dutchcitiesarecomingupwithcreativeideastohelpstemthepopulationdecreaseoftheseall-importantinsects.InAmsterdam,beescanliveforfreeinspeciallybuilt“hotels”—tallwoodenstructures—acrossthecity.Whiletheymaynotlooklikemuchtotheuntrainedeye,theyprovideperfecthomesformembersoftheover200knownspeciesofsolitarybees.Asthenameindicates,theinsectsspendtheirlivesalone.Thesmartinsectsnestinsideholesliketheonesprovidedbytheinsecthotels,markingtheiroccupancybycoveringtheentrancewithamud“door”.Thoughunabletoproducehoney,solitarybeesareexcellentpollinatorsandperformanessentialroleinmanyecosystems.Additionally,cityofficialsarealsoeducatingpeopleontheuseofharmfulchemicalsandareprovidingprizemoneytoencouragedeveloperstobuildgreenroofsandpopulatethemwithlocalplants.In2015,theysetagoaltochangesomeplantsinpublicgreenspacestonativeplants.Geert,oneofeightecologistsworkingforthecity,says,“Ourideaiswhenwedesignapark,weusenativespeciesbutalsothespeciesthatgivealotoffloweringandfruitforbees.”Manypeople,withhelpfromthegovernment,arereplacingthesidewalksoutsidetheirhomeswithsmallgardensfeaturingflowers.InUtrecht,busstoproofsaregraduallybeingturnedintobeautiful,livinggardensdesignedtoattractvarietiesofbeespecies.Thegreenroofs,whichnaturallycollectbothrainwateranddust,arealsobeneficialfortheenvironment.Thesecities’collectiveeffortsseemtobeworking.Arecentstudyfoundthatthevarietyofbeespeciestherehasincreasedbyanastonishing45percentsince2000.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stem”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Review . B.Stop. C.Monitor. D.Improve.9.What’sspecialaboutthebeesinAmsterdam?A.They’renotsocialinsects.B.Theymakehigh-qualityhoney.C.Theyliketonesttogetherinwoods.D.They’rescaredofotherspeciesofbees.10.Whatarebusstopgreenroofsmainlymeanttodo?A.Collectrainwaterforfutureuse.B.Plantflowersforenjoyment.C.Drawbeestothem.D.Cleardustaway.11.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.Protectingtheenvironment.B.Importanceofbeesinecosystems.C.Designideasofinsecthotelsandbeestops.D.Dutchcities’attemptstorestorebeepopulation.DOverthelast25years,

psychologistshavefoundthatpersonalitiescenteronfivebasictraits—theBigFive:agreeableness,conscientiousness(责任心),neuroticism,extroversionandopenness.Contrarytocommonbelief,peoplejustaren’torganizedintocertainpersonalitytypes.Everytraitisacontinuousdimensionandeveryonecanbedescribedashavingvaryinglevelsofeachtrait.AnewresearchhasalsofoundanimalsfromantstoapesallhavetheBigFiveandthattheuniversalityofpersonalitypointstoanevolutionaryorigin.Animalsandhumanshavecommonproblemsofsurvival,whicharespelledoutbeautifullyintheBigFive,andthat’swhythere’ssomuchcontinuityinhumanpersonalityandanimalpersonality.Forexample,conscientiousnessinvolvesbehaviorslikeplanningandconsideration,whichareimportantamonganimalsfortakingcareoftheiryoung,selectingmatesandlivingingroups.Beingneatandorderly—aspectsofconscientiousness—alsohasevolutionarysuperiority.Beesthatliketokeepcleanandremovemoredeadgroupmembersreduceriskofdisease,gainmoreweightandreproducemore.Spidersthatmaketidywebscatchmoreinsects.Birdsthatbuildneaterandsolidernestsattractmoremates.

Thesebehaviorsmayseemprimitive,butthey’reneverthelessindicationsofpersonality.Personalityistheexpressionofallofthebehaviorsthathumansandanimalsexhibitthatallowthemtofunctionadaptivelyintheworld.Evolutioncanalsoexplainwhypersonalitiesvarysomuch.Dependingonthesituation,eachoftheBigFivecanbeadvantageous.Forexample,agreeablenessisgreatforrelationships.Butifalionwerechargingatyou,you’dbebetteroffwithalessagreeableandmoreaggressivepersonality.Becausetheworldissounpredictable,everyaspectofeachpersonalitytraitcouldbeusefulatdifferenttimes,soinsteadofevolvingasingletypeofpersonalitythat’sbestforeverysituation,we’releftwithawidevariety.12.Whatdopeoplegenerallythinkaboutpersonalitytypes?

A.Differentpersonalitytypeshaverespectivestrengths. B.Everyonefallsintoaparticularpersonalitytype. C.Peoplewithcommonpersonalitytypesgather.D.Everyonehasmixedpersonalitytypes.13.What’sthepurposeofmentioningsomeanimalsinParagraph2?

A.Toillustratetheadvantagesofbeingconscientious.

B.Toanalyzesurvivalchancesofcooperativeanimals.C.Toexplainwhytheyaretidyandorderly.

D.Tothrownewlightontheirbehavior.14.Whydowedisplayacertainpersonalityinaspecificsituation?A.Tobefreeoftrouble. B.Tofitinwithcircumstances.C.Tocompeteforequalrights. D.Togainadvantagesoverothers.15.Whatdoesthetextmainlyfocuson?A.Personalityandbehavior. B.CategoriesoftheBigFive.C.Contradictoryfactsonpersonality.D.Universalityandvariabilityofpersonality. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Cultureshockistheemotionalandmentalreactiontobeinginacompletelynewculturalenvironment.16Itgenerallyconsistsofseveralstagesoffeelings.The“honeymoonstage”isusuallythefirststagethatpeoplegothroughwhensurroundedbydifferentculturalvaluesandlifestyles.Duringthisstage,peoplehavepositiveimagesoftheirnewculturalsurroundings.They

tendtoviewtheseinanidealisticwayandignoreproblems.17Thisstageisusuallyquiteshortandquicklyreplacedbythesecondstagecalled“thefrustrationstage”.Duringthe“frustrationstage”,

newcomers

begintoactnegatively.

18Visitorstendtoexaggerateproblemsinthenewculture.Theymayfeelisolatedduringthisstage.Dependingonone’ssituation,thisstagecanlastdays,months,orevenyears.Withthefrustrationstageending,theadjustmentstagebegins.Thismarksthetimewhennewcomerstrytheirbesttoacceptthedifferencesofthenewcultureandthechallengesofeverydaylife.19Somenewcomersenterthe“masterystage”andarecompletelyaccustomedtothevaluesandbeliefsofthenewculture.Theyareabletohandlethenewculturelikeanativewhilekeepingsomeoftheirownoriginalculturalvalues.Somechoosethe“rejectionstage”anddecideagainstfittinginwiththenewculture.20Othernewcomerscompletelyadopttheidentityofthenewcultureandgiveupthevaluesandbeliefsoftheirhomeculture.A.Meetingnewpeopleisseenasfascinating.B.Thenewculturalsurroundingsarenolongernovel.C.Theyregaintheirsenseofbalanceandbecomeconfident.D.Thisprocessopensthedoortothreepossibleoutcomes.E.Formanypeoplethisisoftenaverydifficultexperience.F.Apersonexperiencingcultureshockmaydisplaymanysymptoms.G.Theyusuallypermanentlywithdrawfromtheculturethrough

isolation

orreturninghome.第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分25分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。13-year-oldMadisonwasstudyingathomewhenhermotherburstin.Shesaidaboyhadfallenintoaseptictank(化粪池)andmadeanurgent21forMadison’shelp.Theyrantoaneighbor’syard,wheretheanxiousadultssurroundedtheseptictankopening22widerthanabasketball.Theboy,agedonly2,hadslippedinandwasdrowning.Madisonquickly23thesituation.Shewastheonlyonewhocould24throughthesmallopening.Withouthesitation,shegotclosetotheopeningandsaid,“25mein.”Somepeopleheldherwaistand26.Shewiggled(扭动)armsandshouldersuntilshe27theopening.Inside,thetankwasdarkandtheairsmelly.Whenshestuckherarmsintothedirtywater,shejammedherleftwristagainstahiddenstick,28itseverely..29tendtoherinjury,Madisonscannedthesurfaceofthedirtywater,hopingtofeeltheunderwaterboy.Suddenlyshesawhislittletoesstickout.Whenspottingthevague30ofhisfootagain,Madisonshotouther31hand,graspedthefoottightlyandshouted,“Pullmeup!”Astheynearlyreachedthesurface,theboy’sotherfootgotstuck.Shewiggledhisfootuntilitwas32.Eventuallytheywereliftedout.33,thekidwasn’toutoftrouble.Havingsufferedfromlackof34thatlong,hewasn’tbreathing.Hewasthengivenhardhitsonthebackuntilhecoughedupwater.Atthesightofthis,Madisonsighedwithrelief.Madisonreceivedmonthsoftreatmentforherwrist,whichmadeher35actionsmoreimpressive.21.A.appointment B.attempt C.choice D.request22.A.partly B.previously C.slightly D.dramatically 23.A.tackled B.examined C.disturbed D.lost24.A.look B.jump C.fill D.fit25.A.Throw B.Lower C.Force D.Push26.A.legs B.arms C.head D.hands27.A.adjustedto B.gotthrough C.toredown D.heldonto28.A.touching B.trapping C.injuring D.striking29.A.Inaneffortto B.Ratherthan C.Likelyto D.Readyto30.A.skin B.gesture C.picture D.outline31.A.left B.single C.good D.clumsy32.A.frozen B.free C.flexible D.bare33.A.However B.Instead C.Therefore D.Personally34.A.protection B.oxygen C.gravity D.energy35.A.unselfish B.thoughtless C.unconscious D.random第二节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Mostofusmightonlybegintothinkaboutdinnerintheafternoon.ButJelenabeginstothinkaboutherbigmealearlyeachmorning.Aftermorningtea,JelenaandherhusbandMilanbegintheirplansfora36(taste)Serbiandish.Thecookingmethodtheyuse37(probable)comesfromJelena’smotherorgrandmother.Eachrecipeuseslocalfoods38(find)inSerbianmarkets.Milangoestothemarkettogetthefoodtheyneedandthe69-year-oldJelenamakesplansfor39shewillexplainthecookingprocesstoher150,000followersatthefixedtimeonYouTube.Oncesheisready,Jelenafilmshercookingshowfromasmallkitchentable.Online,Jelenaisknown40“GrannyJela”onherpopularYouTubechannel“Granny’sKitchen”.Jelenahasyearsofexperienceofcookingathome.Tenyearsago,shestartedanonlineforum,41shesharedrecipesandcooking42(tip)formeat,soup,bread,sweettreatsandmore.Hernumberoffollowersgrewastime43(go)by.Thenshedecidedtostartablogandbeganmakingvideoswithhermobilephone.Today,hervideosonYouTubehaveover50millionviews.“Granny’sKitchen”44(name)oneoftheTop50YouTubechannelsinSerbiain2018.GrannyJelajustmadeitwithcontinuedefforts.Soallweneedislove,thewillanddesiretodosomething.Anythingcanbedoneonlyifwereallywanttodoitanddevote45(we)toit.第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节：应用文写作（满分10分）假定你是李华，想邀请外教David一起参观中国春联（couplet）作品展。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：展览的时间、地点；展览作品来源；春联简介。注意：词数80左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第二节：读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Thebellrang,announcingtheendofthevividartclassKarsonlovedmost.Hewasdelightedthathehadcreatedaverysatisfyingwork.Sohewalkedtothebackoftheclassroomtoputhisworkawaycarefully.There,lyingonthecarpetinfrontoftheclassroombookcase,wasagoldenticket!Karsonpickeditup.Hisheartbeatfasterwhenhesawthatthenamelinewasblank.Hecouldn’tbelievehisluck!TheboysandgirlsinKarson’sclasscouldearngoldenticketsbydoingwellintheirstudyorbybeingextrahelpfulorkind.Onceaweektheirteacherdrewaticketoutofaboxonherdeskandletthewinnerchooseaprize.Todaywasthegoldenticketdrawing,andherewasanotherticket,justforhim!Karsonlookedaround.Nooneelsewasneartheticket.Allhisclassmateswereattheirdesks,laughingandtalkingwitheachother.MissEvanswasengagedingradingthepaperscollectedearlierinthemorning.Karsondecidedtowritehisnameontheblankline.Thenhecouldputitintotheprizeboxwiththesixticketshe’dalreadyearned.Withsomanychances,oneofhisticketswouldmostprobablybepicked!Thenhecouldchoosethepinktoypigforhissister’sbirthday,justlikehehadbeenhoping.Hesmiledandreachedforthepencilinhispocket.Suddenlyhisfingersstopped.Therewasastrangefeelinginhischest,anditwasn’thisheartbeat.It’sfinderskeepers,right?Hewondered.Helookedoutofthewindowandtriedtofigureitout.Ontheonehand,hedidfindtheticket,buthehadn’tearnedit.Somebodymusthavelostit.Butontheotherhand,hedidneedthisextraticketforhisgreatplan!Para1Karsonstaredattheblanknamelineforamoment.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Para2“Karson,I’dlikeyoutohaveanotherticket!”MissEvanssaid._______________