英语口语全攻略口语能力

学会说不：SayingNoRejectingSomeoneinDifferentSituationsIntroduction:CulturalGapssomeone"no"isinanylanguage,buttomakemattersevenmoreculturesapproachtheideainways.拒绝别⼈本就不易，⽂化差异更是让这件事“难上加难”。Introduction:CulturalGaps••GermanorDutchculture:extremelydirect.Japaneseculture:usuallyonlysay"no"inwaysthatsoundlike"yes"or"maybe"toaforeigner.••BritishandAmericancultures:liesomewhereinthemiddleofthisspectrum,thoughtheycansoundtoodirecttoChineseearsattimes.Likewise,English-speakingforeignersmightfindthemselvesconfusedbyChineseindirectness.Introduction:theImportanceofSaying‘No’••Saying"no"isnotalwaysabadthing,andifdoneright,itcanevenstrengthenrelationshipsandleadtobetteroutcomesinthefuture.以恰当的⽅式说“不”，好处更⻓远。Introduction:theImportanceofSaying‘No’••Inaviewpoint,itisbettertosaynonowifitmeansyoucansayyesnexttime.在⻄⽅⽂化中，该拒绝时就拒绝，这让你未来的承诺更有分量。Introduction:theImportanceofSaying‘No’••Sayingyesandmakingfalsepromisesorgivingfalseimpressionscanbequitedamaging.客套地应承、虚假的承诺、给⼈错误的印象，这些会极⼤地破坏⼈与⼈之间的信任。Introduction:theImportanceofSaying‘No’Becauseofthesefactors,wewilllookatseveralsituationsinwhichyoumayneedtorejectdownarequest拒绝别⼈的请求downarequest拒绝别⼈的请求Ifyoufindyourselfneedingtorejectarequesttodosomethingforsomeone,itislikelyyouaretoobusytofindthetime.Inthatcase,thereareseveralpolitewaystoexplainthis如果别⼈请你帮忙，但是你太忙、没时间，那么可以礼貌地如实告知。downarequest拒绝别⼈的请求•"I'vegotalotonmyplatesoIcan'tdoit,havealotonyourplate–Thisidiommeansyouhavealotofthingstodealwithandcanrefertoeitherworkorprivatepersonalbusiness.Thisrejectionsandwichesa"no"betweenanexcuseandan–apology,whichmakesitveryusefulformanysituationsbothformalandinformal.这个表达意思是“事情太多”，这些事情可能是⼯作也可以是私事；这是介于托词和道歉之间的⼀种说法，适⽤于正式和⾮正式的语境。downarequest拒绝别⼈的请求•"I'vegotalotofthingsI'mfocusingonsoIwouldn'tbeabletogivethatmyfullattention.”–Thiswaycanexpressyourdedicationtodoingagoodjoboneverythingyoudo,andiftheotherpersonrespectsyou,theywillunderstand.Itshouldbeusedforlarge,time-consumingrequests,notsmallfavours.这个说法的核⼼意思是⼼有余⽽⼒不⾜，虽然有⼼把事情做得⾯⾯俱到，但是实在精⼒有限。那么如果对⽅尊重你，懂得换位思考，就不会再要求你帮忙。适合拒绝耗时费⼒的事，不适合拒绝别⼈帮个⼩忙的请求。downarequest拒绝别⼈的请求Ifyoutrulydohavethetimetodoit,butfeelthatyoulacktheskill,oryouaresimplyuninterestedincompletingtherequest,it'sabitmore如果你有时间，但是没能⼒或者没兴趣帮这个忙，那么拒绝别⼈就略微困难⼀点。downarequest拒绝别⼈的请求•"Idon'treallythinkI'mthebestpersonforthejob,––‘Thejob’simplymeansthetask,notnecessarilyemployment.Iftheproblemisthatyou'renotinterestedinthetask,thissentenceisstilltrue,unliketheothers.在这⾥thejob指的是别⼈提出的那个具体请求，并不指⻓期就业。⽆论你是没能⼒还是没兴趣，⽤这个表达拒绝别⼈都不是说谎。downarequest拒绝别⼈的请求••‘Idon'tthinkIcouldmanagethat,‘WhileI'dlovetohelpout,Idon'tthinkI'muptothetask.’–––feelunabletodoit,nomatterhowhardyoumanage:顺利完成uptothetask:体⼒上或智利上能够完成某任务能⼒有限，爱莫能助。downarequest拒绝别⼈的请求Ifyouuseanyoftheseabove,itisbesttotryashardasyoucantosuggestsomebodyelsewhocouldtakeoverthework.••""IthinkIknowsomebodywhomightbeinterested,though."Haveyoutriedasking____?"如果你⽤上述任何理由拒绝了别⼈，最好找⼀位适合‘接锅’的⼈推荐给向你求助的⼈。downarequest拒绝别⼈的请求Ifpossible,youmightalsoconsiderofferingtodoasmallpartoftherequest,toshowthatyoureallyhopeitcansucceed.如果条件允许，你可以提出帮对⽅完成⼀⼩部分ta请求你做的事，以表达你真⼼希望事情能顺利解决。downarequest拒绝别⼈的请求Itisalsoimportanttonotethatifyoucannotdothework,thepersonaskingmighthavetodoitallthemselves.Ifthatisthecase,youshoulddefinitelyacknowledgethat.Whiletheotherpersonwon'tbetheywillatleastappreciateyourunderstanding.•"Irealizethatthisisputtingmoreworkonyourshoulders."如果你实在不能帮忙，可以表示理解对⽅所承受的压⼒，算是⼀种精神⽀持。downanoffer拒绝别⼈的帮助downanoffer拒绝别⼈的帮助Itisusuallylessawkwardtoturndownofassistance,becauseitismoreconvenientforthemnottohelpyou.itisstillbesttoshowyourappreciation虽然拒绝别⼈主动帮忙并不难，但还是应该适当表示感谢。downanoffer拒绝别⼈的帮助••"I(really)appreciatethebut(Iwillbefine.)/(Icanmanageitonmyown.)/(it'snot"That'sverykindofyou,but(I'llbeabletohandleitmyself.)(it'saone-manjob,Ithink.)"–“One-manjob”isanidiommeaningonlyonepersonisneededtofinishitanddoesn'tmeanthatonlymencandoit.–Thesetwoarerelativelyformal,andmightrefertolargertasks.以上两种表达较为正式，适合拒绝别⼈想帮忙完成⽐较⼤的任务的时候。downanoffer拒绝别⼈的帮助Inmorecasualsituations,suchassomebodytohelpyouliftabox,forexample:•“I‘vegotit,thanks.”–"I'vegotit"doesn'tmeanthatyou"have"anything,butratherthatyouareabletohandlesomethingandintendtodoso.Forexample,"I'vegotthedoor"meansyouareabouttoopenthegot表示你有能⼒完成某件⼩事，并且你已经“上⼿”了。downanoffer拒绝别⼈的帮助Inmorecasualsituations,suchassomebodytohelpyouliftabox,forexample:•"I'mgood,thanks.“–Thisisverycommonandalwaysmeans"no."Itmeansyouarealreadyfine,anddon'trequireanythingelse.canusethisphrasetorejectsmalloffersofhelp,drinksfromahost,orcookiesfromafriend.这个表达⾮常常⻅，可以⽤来婉拒别⼈对你的⼩⼩的帮助、做客时主⼈添茶、或者朋友给你的零⻝。downaninvitation拒绝邀请downinvitation拒绝邀请Rejectinganinvitationtoanykindofsocialevent,beitadinnerpartyorgamesatafriend'shouse,canputalotofpressureonyoutoprovidetherightexcuse.Ifyouareitisrelativelysimpletosayno,butifyousimplydon'twantto,youstillhavesomeoptionsavailable.就像中⽂说的，“盛情难却”，如果别⼈邀请你参加某个活动，因为忙的话还⽐较好推脱，但是如果单纯就是不想去，可以考虑下⾯的⼀些说法。downaninvitation拒绝邀请Thesethreebelowareflexibleenoughtouseatanylevelofpoliteness.Ifyoucanbespecificaboutwhyyoudon'thavetime,thatisusuallythebest.•••"""Iwouldloveto,but___."Thatsoundswonderful,but___."IwishIcouldjoinyou,but___.“如果有明确的不参加的理由，以上这类说法是最好的。downaninvitation拒绝邀请If,youdon'thaveanystrongorspecificreasontosayno,butyoudon'twanttosayyes,peoplewillusuallyunderstandifyouuseoneofthese•"CanItakearaincheck?"–“Raincheck"isaticketgiventoguestswhenasportseventispostponedbyrain.ItismostlyusedinNorthAmerica,andmeans"CanIjoinnexttime?"–While"nexttime"canbeasoft"no"inChina,youshouldbecarefulaboutusingthisinEnglishbecauseitopensupthepossibilityofbeinginvitedagain.Ifyouneverwanttodoitatall,avoidthisphrase.raincheck相当于“下次再说”，在英美国家“下次再说”就可能真的会有下次，所以如果你以后也不想参加此类活动，就不要使⽤这个表达。downaninvitation拒绝邀请If,youdon'thaveanystrongorspecificreasontosayno,butyoudon'twanttosayyes,peoplewillusuallyunderstandifyouuseoneofthese:•"I'mI'mnotfeeling(upto)it–Feeling"upto"doingsomethingmeansthatyouarementallyorphysicallyabletodoittoyourfull–Thisistwoversionsofsayingyoudon'tfeelwellenoughorinthepropermoodtoenjoytheactivityyou'rebeinginvitedto.feelit/feeluptoit表示身体或精神上都适合做某事。所以以上两种说法都相当于“我不太舒服、我有点没精神”。downaninvitation拒绝邀请If,youdon'thaveanystrongorspecificreasontosayno,butyoudon'twanttosayyes,peoplewillusuallyunderstandifyouuseoneofthese:•"I'mI'mnotfeeling(upto)it–Whilesomepeoplemightnotseethisasagoodenoughexcuse,mostpeoplewillacceptitandprobablywishyoufeelbettersoon.虽然不是个完美的理由，但是⼤多数⼈都可以接受，还会祝你早点好起来。downasuggestion拒绝别⼈的建议downasuggestion拒绝别⼈的建议Rejectingsuggestionscanbeatrickysituationbecauseifyouarelookingforseveralsuggestionstoresolveanissue,youdon'twanttorejectanythingtooIfyouharshlyshutdownasuggestionyoudon'tlike,thenextpersonwillbediscouragedfromsharingtheiropinions.Ontheotherhand,ifyouappeartoacceptthefirstsuggestion,thenthewrongimpressionisbeinggiven,andnomoresuggestionswillbegivenafterthat.如果别⼈的建议你觉得不合适，既不能⽣硬拒绝，也不能假装接受，因为这样做都不会得到别⼈更多更好建议。downasuggestion拒绝别⼈的建议•"I'lltakethatunderadvisement."-Thisisextremelyformal,andalmostalwaysequalsasolid"no."Ifsomebodysaysittoyou,don'tkeepyourhopesup.Forthisreason,youshouldavoidthissentenceifyouaretryingtofosteranopendiscussionofnewideas.--If,youwanttoveryformallyrejectanidea,thissentencecanendaconversation.Itisalsousedwithironyinlessformalsituations.take…underadvisement字⾯上是仔细考虑，实际上等于斩钉截铁地拒绝，相当于直接终结了对此建议的讨论。downasuggestion拒绝别⼈的建议•"Sure,let'skeepthatonthetablefor-ThisisabusinessEnglishwayofsayingthattheideaisn'tthebestone,butitcanbeconsidereduntilsomethingbetterisfound."Onthetable"means"withinouravailableoptions."Hopefully-youwillhearabettersuggestionafterward.这是商务英语中的常⽤表达，表明会对对⽅的建议予以考虑，但要看看还有没有更好的建议出现，再决定最终要不要采纳。Onthetable表示留作备选、以供讨论的意思。downasuggestion拒绝别⼈的建议•--"That'sagoodidea,butlet'shearsomemoresuggestions.“Ifyousaythis,yousoundopen-minded,butnotenamouredwiththesuggestiongiven.The"let'shearsomemore"subtlyimpliesthatyouwishforotherpeopletotalk这个表达表示你态度是开放的，但对⽬前的建议并不认可，还想听听别⼈怎么说。downasuggestion拒绝别⼈的建议•--"That'scertainlyanidea."Thisisveryvague,andwhileitsaysnothingnegative,italsosaysnothingpositive.arisingtone,itsoundsasthoughyouareconsideringtheidea,butdowhollyagreewithityet.“这确实是个想法”，这个表达态度暧昧，并没有表明你的实际态度。如果⽤升调表达，听起来你确实是在考虑，只是尚未决定。downasuggestion拒绝别⼈的建议•"That'scertainlyanidea."-ItisyouractionsafterwardthatmaketherejectionThatis,ifyoudonotfollowtheideaatallandlaterdecideonsomethingelse.Becarefulusingit,though,becauseitcansoundpassiveaggressive.-究竟你是否采纳了这条建议，只能看你后续⾏动。这样说可能会显得你“冷处理”别⼈，所以慎⽤。downasuggestion拒绝别⼈的建议•--that'