山东科技大学外国语学院《211翻译硕士英语》专业硕士历年考研真题及详解

2011年山东科技大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解PartI ReadingComprehension(2×20=40points)Directions:Therearefivepassagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Decideonthebestchoice.Passage1UniversityPhysicsisintendedforstudentsofscienceandengineering.Primaryemphasisisonphysicsprinciplesandproblem-solving;historicalbackgroundandspecializedpracticalapplicationshavebeengivenaplaceofsecondaryimportance.Manyworked-outexamplesandanextensivecollectionofproblemsareincludedwitheachchapter.Inthisnewedition,thebasicphilosophyandoutlineandthebalancebetweendepthoftreatmentandbreadthofsubject-mattercoverageareunchangedfrompreviouseditions.Wehavetriedtopreservethosefeaturesthatusersofpreviouseditionshavefounddesirable,whileincorporatinganumberofchangesthatshouldenhancethebook’susefulness.Thetextbookisadaptabletoawidevarietyofcourseoutlines.Theentiretextbookcanbeusedforanintensivecoursetwoorthreesemestersinlength.Foralessintensivecourse,manyinstructorswillwanttoomitcertainchaptersorsectionstotailorthebooktotheirindividualneeds.Thearrangementofthiseditionfacilitatesthiskindofflexibility.Conversely,however,manytopicsthatwereregardedafewyearsagoasofperipheralimportanceandwereomittedfromintroductorycourseshavenowcometotheforeagaininthelifesciences,earthandspacesciences,andenvironmentalproblems.Aninstructorwhowishestostressthesekindsofapplicationswillfindthistextbookausefulsourcefordiscussionoftheappropriateprinciples.Inanycase,itshouldbeemphasizedthatinstructorsshouldnotfeelconstrainedtoworkstraightthroughthebookfromcovertocover.Manychaptersare,ofcourse,inherentlysequentialinnature,butwithinthisgenerallimitationinstructorsshouldbeencouragedtoselectamongthecontentsthosechaptersthatfittheirneeds,omittingmaterialthatisnotrelevanttotheobjectivesofaparticularcourse.1.Thetextbooklaysstresson_____.A.theexpositionofphysicalprinciplesB.theapplicationofphysicsindifferentfieldsC.thedevelopmentofphysicsD.theprinciplesofphysicsandtheirapplication2.Comparedwiththeoldone,thisnewedition_____.A.hasimprovedthebalancebetweentheoryandpracticeB.iseasiertolearnC.coversawiderrangeofsubject-matterD.hasbeenmademoreapplicable3.Thewords“conversely,however”(Para.4)indicatethat_____.A.manytopicscanbeemphasizedthoughtheywereusuallyomittedbyinstructorsB.manytopicscanbeemphasizedthoughtheywerenotcoveredintheoldeditionC.manytopicshavebeenaddedtotheneweditionastheywerenotcoveredintheoldoneD.manytopicshavebeenaddedtotheneweditionthoughtheycanbeomittedbytheinstructors4.Tomeettheneedsofaparticularcourse,theteacherofthisbookcanomitsomeofthecontentsprovidedthat_____.A.hisselectionisbasedontherequestofhisstudentsB.hedoesnotomitanychaptercompletelyC.hekeepsaneyeontheinternalrelationsbetweenthechaptersD.hisstudentsareparticularlyintelligent【答案与解析】1.B 细节题。原文第一段第二句话“Primaryemphasisisonphysicalprinciplesandproblem-solving,historicalbackgroundandspecializedpracticalapplicationshavebeengivenaplaceofsecondaryimportance.”说明本书强调了physicalprinciples以及application，故B项为正确答案。A，D项不全面；C项只是书中的内容而不是重点。2.D 细节题。原文第二段最后一句话“…whileincorporatinganumberofchangesthatshouldenhancethebook’susefulness.”指出新版增强了书籍的实用性，故D项为正确答案。B项未提及；A，C项与原文第二段第一句相矛盾。3.A 推理题。原文第三段第三句，作者谈到导师对本书的某些章节可根据个人需要而省略，原文第四段中又说“...manytopicsthatwereregardedafewyearsagoasofperipheralimportanceandwereomittedfromintroductorycourseshavenowcometotheforeagaininthelifesciences,earthandspacesciences,andenvironmentalproblems”，可以推断出作者认为某些导师习惯省略的话题现在又变得重要了，可以重新强调了，故A项为正确答案。4.C 推断题。原文最后一段第二句话“Manychaptersare,ofcourse,inherentlysequentialinnature,butwithinthisgenerallimitationinstructorsshouldbeencouragedtoselectamongthecontentsthosechaptersthatfittheirneeds,omittingmaterialthatisnotrelevantfortheobjectivesofaparticularcourse”，说明许多章节是有联系的，所以指导者可以跳过一些不相关的章节来满足需求，可以推断出教师需要了解章节之间的联系才能满足课程的特殊需要，故C项为正确答案。A，B，D项在文中均未提及。Passage2Speedingoffinastolencar,thethiefthinkshehasgotagreatcatch.Butheisinforanunwelcomesurprise.Thecarisfittedwitharemoteimmobilizer,andaradiosignalfromacontrolcentermilesawaywillensurethatoncethethiefswitchestheengineoff,hewillnotbeabletostartitagain.Theideagoeslikethis.Acontrolboxfittedtothecarcontainsamini-cellphone,amicroprocessorandmemory,andaGPSsatellitepositioningreceiver.Ifthecarisstolen,acodedcellphonesignalwilltellthecontrolcentertoblockthevehicle’senginemanagementsystemandpreventtheenginebeingrestarted.IntheUK,asetoftechnicalfixesisalreadymakinglifeharderforcarthieves.“Thepatternofvehiclecrimehaschanged,”saysMartynRandall,asecurityexpert.Hesaysitwouldonlytakehimafewminutestoteachapersonhowtostealacar,usingabareminimumoftoolsButonlyifthecarismorethan10yearsold.Moderncarsarefartoughertosteal,astheirenginemanagementcomputerwon’tallowthemtostartunlesstheyreceiveauniqueIDcodebeamedoutbytheignitionkey.IntheUK,technologieslikethishavehelpedachievea31%dropinvehicle-relatedcrimesince1997.Butdeterminedcriminalsarestillmanagingtofindotherwaystostealcars,oftenbygettingholdoftheowner’skeys.Andkeytheftisresponsiblefor40%ofthetheftsofvehiclesfittedwithatrackingsystem.Ifthecartravels100meterswithoutthedriverconfirmingtheirID,thesystemwillsendasignaltoanoperationscenterthatithasbeenstolen.ThehundredmetersminimumavoidsfalsealarmsduetoinaccuraciesintheGPSsignal.Staffatthecenterwillthencontacttheownertoconfirmthatthecarreallyismissing,andkeeppoliceinformedofthevehicle’smovementsviathecar’sGPSunit.5.What’sthefunctionoftheremoteimmobilizerfittedtoacar?A.Toallowthecartolockautomaticallywhenstolen.B.Topreventthecarthieffromrestartingitonceitstops.C.Tohelpthepolicemakeasurpriseattackonthecarthief.D.Topreventcartheftbysendingaradiosignaltothecarowner.6.Whatisessentialinmakingamoderncartoughertosteal?A.AGPSsatellitepositioningreceiver.B.Aspecialcellphonesignal.C.AuniqueIDcard.D.Acodedignitionkey.7.Whydoesthetrackingsystemseta100-meterminimumbeforesendinganalarmtotheoperationscenter?A.Togivethedrivertimetocontacttheoperationscentre.B.ToallowforpossibleerrorsintheGPSsystem.C.Tokeeppoliceinformedofthecar’smovements.D.Toleavetimefortheoperationscentretogiveanalarm.8.Whatwilltheoperationscentredofirstafterreceivinganalarm?A.Startthetrackingsystem.B.Locatethemissingcar.C.Blockthecarengine.D.Contactthecarowner.【答案与解析】5.B 细节题。原文第一段第二句话“Thecarisfittedwitharemoteimmobilizer,andaradiosignalfromacontrolcentermilesawaywillensurethatoncethethiefswitchestheengineoff,hewillnotbeabletostartitagain.”说明无线电讯号会确保一旦劫匪关掉了引擎，他永远不能再发动了，故B项为正确答案。6.D 细节题。原文第四段第一句话“Moderncarsarefartoughertosteal,astheirenginemanagementcomputerwon’tallowthemtostartunlesstheyreceiveauniqueIDcodebeamedoutbytheignitionkey.”意为引擎控制系统的电脑不允许汽车发动，除非它们接收到一个由点火钥匙发出的唯一的身份码，说明点火钥匙让现代汽车更难被偷，故D项为正确答案。7.B 细节题。原文最后一段第二句话“ThehundredmetresminimumavoidsfalsealarmsduetoinaccuraciesintheGPSsignal.”解释道设置最低一百米的原因是避免GPS信号的不准确导致错误的警报，即为了允许GPS可能发生的错误，故B项为正确答案。8.D 细节题。原文最后一段最后一句话“Staffatthecentrewillthencontacttheownertoconfirmthatthecarreallyismissing...”可知中心的员工会首先联系车主确认车辆是否失踪，故D项为正确答案。Passage3ToliveintheUnitedStatestodayistogainanappreciationforDahrendorf’sassertionthatsocialchangeexistseverywhere.Technology,theapplicationofknowledgeforpracticalends,isamajorsourceofsocialchange.Yetwewoulddowelltoremindourselvesthattechnologyisahumancreation;itdoesnotexistnaturally.Aspearorarobotisasmuchaculturalasaphysicalobject.Untilhumansuseaspeartohuntgameorarobottoproducemachineparts,neitherismuchmorethanasolidmassofmatter.Forabirdlookingforanobjectonwhichtorest,aspearorrobotservesthepurposeequallywell.TheexplosionoftheChallengerspaceshuttleandtheRussiannuclearaccidentatChernobyldrivehomethehumanqualityoftechnology;theyprovidecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlywenthaywireandtherewasnoreadyhandtosetthemright.Sincetechnologyisahumancreation,weareresponsibleforwhatisdonewithit.Pessimistsworrythatwewilluseourtechnologyeventuallytoblowourworldandourselvestopieces.Buttheyhavebeensayingthisfordecades,andsofarwehavemanagedtosurviveandevenflourish.Whetherwewillcontinuetodosointheyearsaheadremainsuncertain.Clearly,theimpactoftechnologyonourlivesdeservesacloserexamination.Fewtechnologicaldevelopmentshavehadagreaterimpactonourlivesthanthecomputerrevolution.Scientistsandengineershavedesignedspecializedmachinesthatcandothetasksthatonceonlypeoplecoulddo.Therearethosewhoassertthattheswitchtoaninformation-basedeconomyisinthesamecampasothergreathistoricalmilestones,particularlytheIndustrialRevolution.YetwhenweaskwhytheIndustrialRevolutionwasarevolution,wefindthatitwasnotthemachines.Theprimaryreasonwhyitwasrevolutionaryisthatitledtogreatsocialchanges.Itgaverisetomassproductionand,throughmassproduction,toasocietyinwhichwealthwasnotconfinedtothefew.Insomewhatsimilarfashion,computerspromisetorevolutionizethestructureofAmericanlifeparticularlyastheyfreethehumanmindandopennew-possibilitiesinknowledgeandcommunication.TheIndustrialRevolutionsupplementedandreplacedthemusclesofhumansandanimalsbymechanicalmethods.Thecomputerextendsthisdevelopmenttosupplementandreplacesomeaspectsofthemindofhumanbeingsbyelectronicmethods.Itisthecapacityofthecomputerforsolvingproblemsandmakingdecisionsthatrepresentsitsgreatestpotentialandthatposesthegreatestdifficultiesinpredictingtheimpactonsociety.9.Aspearorarobothasthequalityoftechnologyonlywhenit_____.A.isusedbothasaculturalandaphysicalobjectB.servesdifferentpurposesequallywellC.isutilizedbymanD.canbeofusetobothmanandanimal10.TheexamplesoftheChallengerandChernobylcitedbytheauthorservetoshowthat_____.A.technologyisahumancreation,soweareresponsibleforitB.ifnotgivencloseexamination,technologycouldbeusedtodestroyourworldC.technologyusuallygoeswrong,ifnotcontrolledbymanD.beingahumancreation,technologyisliabletoerror11.Accordingtotheauthor,theintroductionofthecomputerisarevolutionmainlybecause_____.A.thecomputerhasrevolutionizedtheworkingsofthehumanmindB.thecomputercandothetasksthatcouldonlybedonebypeoplebeforeC.ithashelpedtoswitchtoaninformationtechnologyD.ithasagreatpotentialimpactonsociety12.Thepassageisbasedontheauthor’s_____.A.keeninsightintothenatureoftechnologyB.prejudicedcriticismoftheroleoftheIndustrialRevolutionC.cautiousanalysisofthereplacementofthehumanmindbycomputersD.exaggerateddescriptionofthenegativeconsequencesoftechnology【答案与解析】9.C 原文第二段第三句话提到“Untilhumansuseaspeartohuntgameorarobottoproducemachineparts,neitherismuchmorethanasolidmassofmatter”，说明直到人们用矛去捕获猎物或用机器人去生产机器零件以前，二者都只不过是硬梆梆的物体而已，也就是说只有这些东西为人类所用的时候，它们才具有科技含量，故C项为正确答案。10.D 根据关键词theChallengerandChernobyl定位到第二段第五句话“…theyprovidecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlywenthaywireandtherewasnoreadyhandtosetthemright.”提到美国挑战者号航天飞机的爆炸以及俄罗斯切尔诺贝利核泄露事件证明人类精心计划的事情会突然失去控制，并且没有做好修正它们的准备，也就是说技术是人为创造出来的，容易出问题，故D项为正确答案。11.D 第三段倒数第二句“Theprimaryreasonwhyitwasrevolutionaryisthatitledtogreatsocialchanges.”提到，工业革命之所以是一场革命，主要原因是工业革命引发了巨大的社会变化，可以推断出计算机是革命的原因是它对社会有巨大的潜在影响，故D项为正确答案。12.A 主旨题。本题可用排除法。B项中的“怀有偏见的批判”与C中的“人类思维被电脑取代”在原文找不到作者的相关观点；虽然文中提及科技带来负面的东西，却没有对技术的负面影响进行夸大的描述，因此D项也可排除。Passage4Thenewspapermustprovideforthereaderthefacts,unalloyed,unslanted,objectivelyselectedfacts.Butinthesedaysofcomplexnewsitmustprovidemore;itmustsupplyinterpretation,themeaningofthefacts.ThisisthemostimportantassignmentconfrontingAmericanjournalism—tomakecleartothereadertheproblemsoftheday,tomakeinternationalnewsasunderstandableascommunitynews,torecognizethatthereisnolongeranysuchthing(withthepossibleexceptionofsuchscribblingassocietyandclubnews)as“local”news,becauseanyeventintheinternationalareahasalocalreactioninmanpowerdraft,ineconomicstrain,interms,indeed,ofourverywayoflife.Thereisinjournalismawidespreadviewthatwhenyouembarkoninterpretation,youareenteringchoppyanddangerouswaters,theswirlingtidesofopinion.Thisisnonsense.Theopponentsofinterpretationinsistthatthewriterandtheeditorshallconfinehimselftothe"facts".Thisinsistenceraisestwoquestions:Whatarethefacts?And:Arethebarefactsenough?Astothefirstquery,considerhowaso-called"factual’’storycomesabout.Thereportercollects,say,fiftyfacts;outofthesefifty,hisspaceallotmentbeingnecessarilyrestricted,heselectstheten,whichheconsidersmostimportant.ThisisJudgmentNumberOne.Thenheorhiseditordecideswhichofthesetenfactsshallconstitutetheleadofthepiece(Thisisanimportantdecisionbecausemanyreadersdonotproceedbeyondthefirstparagraph.)ThisisJudgmentNumberTwo.Thenthenighteditordetermineswhetherthearticleshallbepresentedonpageone,whereithasalargeimpact,oronpagetwenty-four,whereithaslittle.JudgmentNumberThree.Thus,inthepresentationofaso-called“factual’’or“objective”story,atleastthreejudgmentsareinvolved.Andtheyarejudgmentsnotatallunlikethoseinvolvedininterpretation,inwhichreporterandeditor,callingupontheirgeneralbackground,andtheir“newsneutralism,”arriveataconclusionastothesignificanceofthenews.Thetwoareasofjudgment,presentationofthenewsanditsinterpretation,arebothobjectiveratherthansubjectiveprocessesasobjective,thatis,asanyhumanbeingcanbe.(Noteinpassing:eventhoughcompleteobjectivitycanneverbeachieved,neverthelesstheidealmustalwaysbethebeacononthemurkynewschannels.)Ifaneditorisintentonslantingthenews,hecandoitinotherwaysandmoreeffectivelythanbyinterpretation.Hecandoitbytheselectionofthosefactsthatpropuphisparticularplea.Orhecandoitbythepayhegivesastory—promotingittopageoneordemotingittopagethirty.13.Thetitlethatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis_____.A.InterpretingtheNewsB.ChoosingFactsC.SubjectiveversusObjectiveProcessesD.EverythingCounts14.Whydoesthewriterofanarticleselecttenoutof50availablefacts?A.Thesubjectisnotimportant.B.Hiseditorisprejudiced.C.SpaceislimitedD.Heisenteringchoppyanddangerouswaters.15.Whatistheleasteffectivewayof“slanting”news?A.Selection.B.Interpretation.C.PlacementD.Concentration16.Whyshouldtheleadsentencepresentthemostimportantfact?A.Itwillinfluencethereadertocontinue.B.Itwillbethebestwaytowrite.C.Somereadersdonotreadbeyondthefirstparagraph.D.Itwillgratifytheeditor.【答案与解析】13.A 主旨题。本文首先指出一些人对解读新闻持批评态度，接着对这些人的观点进行批驳，最后阐述解说新闻领域和提供新闻内容一样都是客观过程，可以总结出文章通篇是关于解读新闻，因此A项为正确答案。14.C 细节题。原文第四段第二句话“…hisspaceallotmentbeingnecessarilyrestricted…”说明作者的空间分配是非常受限制的，故C项为正确答案。15.B 细节题。原文最后一段倒数第三句话“Ifaneditorisintentonslantingthenews,hecandoitinotherwaysandmoreeffectivelythanbyinterpretation.”说明如果编辑想歪曲新闻，他可以采取比解说更有效的其他方式，下文也说可以通过选材和选择版面的方式歪曲新闻，可以看出解说是最低效的方式，故B项为正确答案。16.C 细节题。原文第三段括号内“Thisisanimportantdecisionbecausemanyreadersdonotproceedbeyondthefirstparagraph”说明许多读者只会读文章的第一段，因此文章开头需要列举最重要的事实，故C项为正确答案。Passage5Whenyouthinkofthetremendoustechnologicalprogresswehavemade,it’samazinghow-littlewehavedevelopedinotherrespects.WemayspeakcontemptuouslyofthepooroldRomansbecausetheyrelishedtheorgiesofslaughterthatwentonintheirarenas.Wemaydespisethembecausetheymistookthesegoingsonforentertainment.Wemayforgivethemcondescendinglybecausetheylived2000yearsagoandobviouslyknewnobetter.Butareourfeelingsofsuperiorityreallyjustified?Areweanylessblood-thirsty?Whydoboxingmatches,forinstance,attractsuchuniversalinterest?Don’tthespectatorswhoattendthemhopetheywillseesomeviolence?Humanbeingsremainasbloodthirstyasevertheywere.TheonlydifferencebetweenourselvesandtheRomansisthatwhiletheywerehonestenoughtoadmitthattheyenjoyedwatchinghungrylionstearingpeopleapartandeatingthemalive,wefindallsortsofsophisticatedargumentstodefendsportswhichshouldhavebeenbannedlongage;sportswhicharequiteasbarbarousas,say,publichangingsorbearbaiting.Itreallyisincrediblethatinthisdayandageweshouldstillallowhuntingorbull-fighting,thatweshouldbepreparedtositbackandwatchtwomenbattereachothertopulpinaboxingring,thatweshouldberelativelyunmovedbythesightofoneoranumberofracingcarscrashingandburstingintoflames.Letusnotdeceiveourselves.Anytalkof“thesportingspirit”issheerhypocrisy.Peopletakepartinviolentsportsbecauseofthehighrewardstheybring.Spectatorsarewillingtopayvastsumsofmoneytoseeviolence.Aworldheavyweightchampionshipmatch,forinstance,isfrontpagenews.Millionsofpeoplearedisappointedifabigfightisoverintworoundsinsteadoffifteen.Theyfeeldisappointmentbecausetheyhavebeendeprivedoftheexquisitepleasureofwitnessingprolongedtortureandviolence.Whyshouldwebanviolentsportsifpeopleenjoythemsomuch?Youmaywellask.Theanswerissimple:theyareuncivilized.Forcenturiesmanhasbeentryingtoimprovehimselfspirituallyandemotionallyadmittedlywithlittlesuccess.Butatleastwenolongertoleratethesightmadmencoopedupincages,orpublicfloggingsofanyofthecountlessotherbarbaricpracticeswhichwerecommoninthepast.Prisonsarenolongerthegrimforbiddingplacestheyusedtobe.Socialwelfaresystemsareinoperationinmanypartsoftheworld.Bigeffortsarebeingmadetodistributewealthfairly.Thesechangeshavecomeaboutnotbecausehumanbeingshavesuddenlyandunaccountablyimproved,butbecausepositivestepsweretakentochangethelaw.Thelawisthebiggestinstrumentofsocialchangethatwehaveanditmayexertgreatcivilizinginfluence.Ifwebanneddangerousandviolentsports,wewouldbemovingonestepfurthertoimprovingmankind.Wewouldrecognizethatviolenceisdegradingandunworthyofhumanbeings.17.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthor’sopinionofnowadays’humanbeingsis_____.A.notveryhighB.highC.contemptuousD.critical18.Themainideaofthispassageis_____.A.tocomparetwodifferentattitudestowardsdangeroussportsB.peoplearewillingtopayvastsumsofmoneytoseeviolenceC.viciousanddangeroussportsshouldbebannedbylawD.peoplearebloodthirstyinsports19.ThattheauthormentionstheoldRomansis_____.A.tocomparetheoldRomanswithtoday’speopleB.togiveanexampleC.toshowhumanbeingsinthepastknewnothingbetterD.toindicatehumanbeingsareusedtoblood-thirst20.Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassageis_____.A.thatwemusttakepositivestepstoimprovesocialwelfaresystemB.that,bybanningthedangeroussports,wecanimprovethelawC.that,bybanningtheviolentsports,wehumanbeingscanimproveourselvesD.toshowlawisthemaininstrumentofsocialchange【答案与解析】17.A 态度题。文章一开始就点出科技巨大进步，而其他方面进展很少。人们和过去一样残忍，并在第二段举出具体例子。但作者在第三段谈及，好几个世纪以来，人们一直试图在精神上和情感上改善自己，在改变法律上采取了积极的步骤。如果我们禁止危险的暴力体育项目，那么我们在改善人类方面又前进了一步。可以看出，作者对人类表达轻蔑的同时也表达了肯定和希望，故A项为正确答案。18.C 主旨题。作者从古罗马人欣赏残忍的体育项目说起，指出现代人也是嗜血成性，这是不文明，必须制止。最后一段倒数第三句说“Thelawisthebiggestinstrumentofsocialchangethatwehaveanditmayexertgreatcivilizinginfluence.”法律是我们社会改革最强大的工具，可以发挥强大的文明影响，可以总结出本文的主旨是堕落而危险的体育项目应该被法律禁止，故C项为正确答案。19.D 作者意图题。作者提到的意图可以从第一段倒数第二句“Humanbeingsremainasbloodthirstyasevertheywere.”看出，即说明人类和从前一样嗜血，故D项为正确答案。20.C 作者意图题。作者在最后两句话说明“Ifwebanneddangerousandviolentsports,wewouldbemovingonestepfurthertoimprovingmankind.Wewouldrecognizethatviolenceisdegradingandunworthyofhumanbeings.”表明用法律禁止危险和暴力的体育活动，人类能够进步，能够认识到暴力对人类来说是暴力及无价值的，故C项为正确答案。PartⅡ VocabularyandStructure(0.5×40=20points)Directions:Thereare40incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.21.Evidencecameup_____specificsoundsarerecognizedbybabiesasyoungassixmonthsold.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whose【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：证据表明，六个月大的婴儿可以辨认出特殊的声音。that引导同位语从句，作为evidence的同位语。22.Itisonlywhenyounearlylosesomeone_____fullyconsciousofhowmuchyouvaluehim.A.doyoubecomeB.thenyoubecomeC.thatyoubecomeD.haveyoubecome【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：只有当你快要失去某人的时候你才会完全意识到你有多看重他。本题考查强调句，结构为“Itis+被强调部分+that”，因此选择包含that的选项。23.Justasthesoilisapartoftheearth,_____theatmosphere.A.asitisB.soisC.thesameasD.andsois【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：就像土壤是地球的一部分一样，大气也是。本题考查justas...so固定搭配，意为“正如……一样，也……”。so后面的句子要求完全倒装。24.Whiledrivingalongthetreacherousroad,_____.A.myrightreartireblowoutB.myrightreartirehadablowoutC.IhadablowoutonmyrightreartireD.Ihadmyrightreartireblowout【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：当沿着危险的道路行驶时，我的右后车胎爆胎了。由于句子前半句省略了主语，说明主句与从句应一致，均为“I”，排除A，B项。havesth.done意为“使某物发生什么事”，代入原句“我使右后车胎爆胎了”意思不符，排除D项，故C项为正确答案。25.JeanWagner’smostenduringcontributiontothestudyofAfro-Americanpoetryishisinsistencethat_____inareligious,aswellasworldlyframeofreference.A.istobeanalyzedB.hasbeenanalyzedC.beanalyzedD.shouldhavebeenanalyzed【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：让·瓦格纳对于美非诗歌最经久不衰的贡献是，他坚持诗歌应被从宗教以及世俗的参考框架分析。本题考查should类虚拟语气。insistence表示建议、要求，其后的宾语从句应采用（should）do的形式，即（should）beanalyzed，并省略should变为beanalyzed。26._____thereislittlewecandotomodifytheweather,wecanatleastknowwhatkindofweathertoexpect.A.SinceB.WhenC.WhileD.Unless【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：虽然我们不能改变天气，但我们至少可以知道去期待哪种天气。while虽然。since因为；自……以来。when当……的时候。unless除非。27.John’sscoreonthetestisthehighestintheclass;he____lastnight.A.muststudyB.shouldhavestudiedC.musthavestudiedD.issuretostudy【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：约翰在这次测试中拿了全班最高分；他昨晚一定努力学习了。本题情态动词的完成式表示对于过去的肯定推测。musthavedone表示“过去一定做了某事”；shouldhavedone表示“过去本应该做某事，但实际上并未做。”28.Frankalmostneverreceivedanyeducation,_____?A.wouldheB.didheC.didn’theD.wouldn’the【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：弗兰克几乎没接受任何教育，难道他有吗？前半句是含有否定副词never的一般过去时的句子，由于主句为否定形式，所以反义疑问句用肯定形式，谓语动词received为行为动词的过去式，因此后半句用did与之保持一致。29.Evenifhisletter_____tomorrow,it_____toolatetodoanything.A.willarrive,isB.shouldarrive,wereC.arrives,willbeD.arrives,wouldbe【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：即使他的信明天到了，一切也都迟了。本题考查条件状语从句的时态。在条件句中表示现在将来的时间需要用一般现在时arrives，主句中使用将来时willbe。30.Wecanhear_____fromthebackoftheroom.A.justasgoodB.justaseasyC.justaswellD.easilyaswell【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：我们在教室后面也能听得清楚。just表示程度，意为“刚好”；aswell意为“也；同样地”，副词短语修饰动词hear。31.Child_____sheis,thegirlisquiteindependent.A.likeB.whenC.forD.as【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：这个女孩虽然是个孩子，但已经很独立了。as引导让步状语从句时，从句常用倒装语序。原句为Assheisachild，根据倒装结构名词/形容词/副词/分词/动词原形+as+主语+动词，将句子改写为Childassheis。32.Thesephotoswillshowyou_____.A.whatdoesouruniversitylooklikeB.whatouruniversitylookslikeC.howdoesouruniversitylooklikeD.howouruniversitylookslike【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：这些照片会向你展示我们大学的样子。宾语从句都使用陈述语序，排除A，C项。what在宾语从句中作为like的宾语，how只能作状语，不能作为like的宾语，排除D项。33.IguessPatriciawillinvite_____youwant.A.whomeverB.whateverC.whoeverD.whichever【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：我猜帕特丽夏会邀请任何你想邀请的人。由于横线处指代被邀请的人，排除B，D项。由于横线处位于谓语动词invite的后面，应采用whoever的宾格形式whomever。34.Toobtainasatisfactoryresult,onemustapplytwo_____ofpaintonacleansurface.A.coatsB.levelsC.timesD.courses【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：为了得到满意的结果，一个人必须在赶紧的表面上涂两层颜料。coat覆盖物；层。35.WeexpectMr.Whitewill_____ClassOnewhenMissJaneretires.A.takeoverB.takeupC.takeoffD.taketo【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：我们期待怀特先生能在简女士退休之后接管一班。takeover接管；接收。takeup拿起；开始从事；占据(时间，地方)。takeoff起飞；脱下；离开。taketo喜欢；走向；开始从事。36.Theriverwaterwas_____fromitsoldcourseintoanewchannelwheretheywerebuildingthedam.A.turnedB.switchedC.shiftedD.diverted【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：在修筑这个水坝时，河流由旧水道被改道进入新的水道。divert意为河流、公路等的“转向”。turn转动，旋转。switch转轨，转意。shift移动，转换。37.Hewas_____withthepowerofacuteobservation.A.conferredB.endowedC.equippedD.bestowed【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：他具有敏锐的观察力。endow意为“赋予”，后接with。confer...on授予，给予……。equip...with装备，配备……。bestow...on授予，赠予。38.Please_____meonthatsubject.A.enlightenB.acquaintC.informD.instruct【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：请给我讲讲那个问题。enlightensb.onsth.教导某人某事，使某人明白某事。instructsb.insth.教，教导某人某事。acquaint用于短语acquaintsb.with，意为“使某人知道，使某人熟悉”。inform用于短语informsb.ofsth.，意为“告知某人某事”。39.Thesecurityguard_____twomenwhowereyellinginthecourtroom.A.expelledB.propelledC.repelledD.dispelled【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：警卫把两个在法庭上喊叫的男人赶了出去。expel赶走。propel意为“推进，推动”，相当于pushforward。repel击退，排斥，拒绝。dispel驱散(云雾等)。40.Mypassport_____lastmonth,soIwillhavetogetanewone.A.elapseB.expiredC.endedD.terminated【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：我的护照上个月过期了，所以我得换个新的。expire(期限等)终止；开始无效。elapse时间消逝。terminate意为“终止”，相当于end，但比end正式。41.Thespeakerhadno_____inhimselfwhenfacingalargeaudience.A.experienceB.progressC.objectionD.confidence【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：演讲者没有面对如此多听众的经验。havenoexperience没有经验。42.Themandrewthecurtainand_____thepaintingbehindit.A.projectedB.revealedC.exposedD.brought【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：男人拉开帘子，揭开了后面的画。expose揭露；使曝光。project设计；计划。reveal显示；透露。bring带来。43.Nota_____hasbeenfoundsofarthatcanhelpthepolicefindtherobber.A.factB.clueC.markD.sign【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：截至目前没有找到任何可以帮助警察找到强盗的线索。clue线索；（故事等的）情节。44.Hecouldn’ttell_____fromadistancewhetheritwasSamorhisbrother.A.atlargeB.innameC.forsureD.inshort【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：他从远处不能准确地认出是山姆还是他的哥哥。forsure确实；毫无疑问地。atlarge详尽的；未被捕的，整个的。inname名义上。inshort总之；简言之。45.