重庆市第八名校2022-2023学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题（原卷板+解析版 含听力音频及听力原文）

第第页重庆市第八名校2022-2023学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题（原卷板+解析版含听力音频及听力原文）2022—2023下期7月考试英语试题

(考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分)

注意事项:

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

3.满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

WhatwillthespeakersdoonThursday

A.Playfootball.B.Watchamovie.C.Gohiking.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】M:Hey,thatnewsuperheromovieisoutthisweekend!Butwe’regoinghiking.Maybewecangoduringtheweek

W:Okay.It’sshowingonTuesdayandThursday.

M:Let’sgoonThursday.IplayfootballonMondaysandTuesdays.

W:Perfect,let’sdoit!

2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatdoesthemanwanttodo

A.Placeanorder.B.Designauniform.C.Formateam.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:Goodafternoon.I’mcallingaboutorderingsomeuniformsformybaseballteam.

W:OK.DoyouhaveadesigninmindIfnot,youcanuseourwebsitetoviewdifferentstyles.Thenyoucansubmityourorderthroughthesite,too.

3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

WhatisSally’sfavoritecity

A.Paris.B.Madrid.C.Venice.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:Jeremy,Europeisamazing!

M:OhSally,that’ssocool.What’sthebestplacethatyouwentto

W:It’shardtochoose.IreallyloveParisandMadridbutithastobeVeniceasthearchitectureisjustbreath-taking.

4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Wherewillthespeakersgo

A.Toacafe.B.Toadessertshop.C.Toabookstore.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:HeyTom!Areyougoingtothecafedownstairstogetacupofcoffee

M:No,that’sclosed.I’mgoingtothedessertshopbythebookstoreonthenextstreet.

W:DoyoumindifIgowithyou

M:Notatall.Ifeellonelygoingbymyselfanyway.

5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

WhatrelationisMr.Gomeztotheman

A.Histeacher.B.Hisclient.C.Hisboss.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:Jack,Mr.Gomezwantstoseeyouinhisoffice.

M:DoyouknowwhyIhopeIhaven’tdoneanythingwrong.

W:Relax.Hejustwantstogooversomeclientdata.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6.Whatisthemandoing

A.Drivingacar.B.Repairingacar.C.Borrowingacar.

7.Howdoesthemansoundintheend

A.Confused.B.Hesitant.C.Confident.

【答案】6.B7.C

【解析】

【原文】W:Ican’tbelievemycardied!Thanksforgivingmeahand.

M:Anytime.

W:Youlooklikeyouknowwhatyou’redoing.

M:Mydad’samechanic,sohetaughtmeafewtricksofthetrade.

W:Doyouthinkit’llmakemuchlonger

M:Justanothercoupleofminutes,andyou’llbeabletohittheroad.

听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing

A.Ajobcandidate.B.Anewworkmate.C.Travelarrangements.

9.HowdoesStevenJohnsonimpresstheman

A.Byhisworkingexperiences.

B.Byhiscommunicationskills.

C.Byhisinternationalbackground.

10.WhenwillthespeakersmeetStevenJohnson

A.Tomorrow.B.Nextweek.C.Theweekafternext.

【答案】8.A9.A10.C

【解析】

【原文】M:HaveyoureviewedtheapplicationletterofStevenJohnsonHisexperiencesareprettyimpressive.

W:Ihavenoticedhewonprettybigcontractsfromabiginternationaltraderlastyear.Doyouthinkhewouldbeagoodfitforourcompany

M:Well,wehavetoseehiminpersonbeforemakinganydecisions.ShouldIarrangeaformalinterviewwithhim

W:Actually,I’llbeoutoftownnextweek,sowhydon’twesetupascheduleinthefollowingweek

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11.WhatwillthemandoonMonday

A.Startanewposition.B.Packhisbelongings.C.Attendameeting.

12.Whatisthemanbusydoingnow

A.Movingtohisnewoffice.

B.Checkingoffofficesupplies.

C.Preparingforapromotioncampaign.

13.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodo

A.Reviewanexpensereport.

B.Providethemanwithsupplies.

C.Arrangeacompanycelebration.

【答案】11.A12.A13.B

【解析】

【原文】W:Pablo,Iheardaboutyourpromotionintoday’sregularmeeting.Congratulations!Whendoyoustartyournewposition

M:Thanksverymuch!IstartonMonday.Thingsarealittlebusyatthemoment,though,becausemynewofficeisonadifferentfloor,andIhavetomoveallmypersonalbelongingsthere.

W:Ijusttookchargeoftheofficesupplies,soifyouneedanythingtohelpyoupack,letmeknow.

M:Thatwouldactuallybeveryhelpful.Ican’tbelievehowmanythingsI’vecollectedovertheyears!DoyouthinkIcangetsomecardboardboxesandtape

W:Sureyoucan.Oh,I’msupposedtogiveanexpensereportinfiveminutes.I’llcomebacktoyoulater.

听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14.Wherewilltheeventtakeplace

A.Atacoffeeshop.B.Atamusichall.C.Atapark.

15.Whydidthewomanchoosethelocation

A.It’sprivate.B.It’sfamilyfriendly.C.It’srequestedbythecharity.

16.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo

A.Organizesomeactivities.

B.Contributesomemoney.

C.Contactsomebands.

17.Whatistheevent’spurpose

A.Tohearsomelivemusic.

B.Tohelpananimalshelter.

C.Tohavesomefamilyfun.

【答案】14.A15.B16.C17.B

【解析】

【原文】W:HeyTerry,thischarityfundraiserI’morganizing,it’sgoingtobeabigevent!

M:Whereareyouhostingit,Mary

W:Hereinthiscoffeeshop.There’sspaceforlivemusic,food,andlotsofactivitiesforkids.

M:Oh,Iassumedyouwoulddoitatamusichall.

W:Weconsideredit.Butitwasn’tavailablethen.Thenwedecidedeitherhereorthepark.Finally,wechosethisshopasit’smorefamilyfriendly.

M:Yeah,thatmakessense,andIsupposethisismoreprivatecomparedtothepark.Whatcharityisit

W:Alocalanimalshelter.Ithoughtthiswouldbeagreatwaytoraiseawarenessandfunds.Theyalwaysneedalittlesupport.

M:That’sawesome.WhatcanIdotohelp

W:Well,Iwasactuallyhopingyoucouldlendmeahandwiththemusic.Youknowalotofbands,andIwasthinkingmaybeyoucouldhelpmebooksomeactsfortheevent.

M:Sure,I’dbehappytohelpout.I’llseewhatIcando.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

18.WhydidthespeakerlearnArabic

A.ShewantedtostudyinCairo.

B.Shewasinspiredbyherteacher.

C.Shebecameinterestedintheculture.

19.WhatisthebiggestchallengeoflearningArabicforthespeaker

A.Sufferingfromcultureshock.

B.Findingahotelandaccommodation.

C.MasteringwrittenandspokenArabic.

20.Whatexcitesthespeakermost

A.Beinginvitedtoameal.

B.Shoppingatalocalmarket.

C.Gettingtoknowthelocals.

【答案】18.B19.C20.A

【解析】

【原文】W:Goodevening,everyone.IrecentlylearntArabicinCairoaspartofmydegree.MyinterestinthelanguagewasduetothepassionofourArabiclecturerandasthecourseprogressed,myinterestintheculturealsogrewwithit.IconsideredstudyingintheMiddleEast,butultimatelydecidedonCairoduetoitsenergeticculturalscene.However,inthecity,wefacedsomechallenges,includingdifficultiesfindingahotelandaccommodationaswewereagroupofunmarriedindividuals.Oncesettled,thecultureshockwasintenseforsomeofus.Onememberofourgroupreturnedhomewithinthefirstweek.LuckilyIbecameaccustomedtothelifeinCairogradually.ThebiggestchallengeoflearningArabicisthedisconnectionbetweenthewrittenandthespokenforms.Despitethesechallenges,learningArabichasbeenarewardingexperience,includingabsorbingmyselfinthecultureandgettingtoknowthelocalsandevennegotiatingatalocalmarket.HighlightswerebeinginvitedtoatraditionalArabicmealatoneofthelocals’homeandbeingabletoconfidentlycommunicate.Overall,thisexperiencewasoutsideofmycomfortzoneandallowedmetolearnandgrowininterestingways.Iencourageotherstoconsiderinvolvingthemselvesinnewculturesandlanguages.Thanksforlistening.

第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

DownHouse,homeofCharlesDarwin:

Funfact

CharlesDarwin,hiswife,Emma,andtheirchildrenlivedatDownHousefor40yearsfrom1838.Severalroomsappearasifthefamilystilllivehere:withcroquetsetsthrownintoanunder-stairscupboard,ahalf-playedgameofbackgammononasidetableandEmma’sknitting(毛线)leftonachairinthedrawingroom.Upstairs,anexhibitionshowcasesDarwin’svoyageaboardHMSBeagle,includingareconstructionofhiscabin.Outside,visitorscanexploretheshelteredgardenswhichDarwinusedasanopen-airlaboratory,andthegreenhouseinwhichheplantedrareplantsanddevisedbotanicalexperiments.

NoroomatDownHouseescapedDarwin’sexperiments.Inthedrawingroomheonceplacedajarofearthwormsonthegrandpianotoseewhethertheycouldhear.

Gettingthere

A15-minutedrivefromtheA21/Farnborough.Freeparking.TheR8busfromOrpingtonstopsnearby(exceptSundays)orthe146busfromBromleyNorthandSouthterminates(终点站)inDownevillage,halfamilefromtheproperty.ThenearestrailwaystationsareChelsfieldorOrpington,aboutfourmilesaway.

Valueformoney

It’s￡12(adult),￡7.20(child),or￡31.30(familywith2adults).Under5sgofree.

Openinghours

Opendaily10am-6pmfrom30Marchto30September;daily10a.m.—5p.m.between1to31October.Openingtimesvarythroughthewinter(checkwebsitefordetails).

Verdict(评价)

8/10.Anunstuffyeducational,gentleday-tripattractionwithfriendly,knowledgeablestaff.

21.WhatcanvisitorsdoinDownHouse

A.Playthegrandpiano.B.SetsailinHMSBeagle.

C.ExploreDarwin’sworkandlife.D.Tryfoodsourcedfromthegarden.

22.Howmuchwouldacouplewiththeir4-year-oldtwinsonspayforadmission

A.￡38.40.B.￡26.20.C.￡31.30.D.￡24.

23.WhatdoweknowaboutDownHouse

A.Itishighlythoughtof.B.Itchargesparkingfees.

C.Ithasfixedopeninghours.D.Itisinconvenientlylocated.

【答案】21.C22.D23.A

【解析】

【导语】本篇是应用文。文章主要介绍了参观达尔文故居的情况。

【21题详解】

细节理解题。根据Funfact部分中“Outside,visitorscanexploretheshelteredgardenswhichDarwinusedasanopen-airlaboratory,andthegreenhouseinwhichheplantedrareplantsanddevisedbotanicalexperiments.(在外面，游客可以探索达尔文用作露天实验室的遮蔽花园，以及他种植稀有植物和设计植物学实验的温室)”可知，游客在这里可以探索了解达尔文当年的工作生活情况，故选C。

【22题详解】

细节理解题。根据Valueformoney部分中“It’s￡12(adult),￡7.20(child),or￡31.30(familywith2adults).Under5sgofree.(成人￡12，儿童￡7.20，或￡31.30（一个有2个成年人的家庭）。5岁以下免费)”可知，四岁孩子不要钱，父母带两个四岁孩子的最优惠价格是12+12=24英镑，故选D。

【23题详解】

细节理解题。根据Verdict部分“8/10.Anunstuffyeducational,gentleday-tripattractionwithfriendly,knowledgeablestaff.(8/10。一个充满教育气息、温和的一日游景点，拥有友好、知识渊博的工作人员)”可知该处景点评价很高，故选A。

B

Whenthenewscamethatmymotherwashospitalizedforaheartattack,IwasinPeruonahikingtrip.Thatevening,beforeIcouldboardtheplanetoItaly,Iwasinformedthatshehadpassedaway.SadnessandthefeelingofnotbeingthereformymotherwhensheneededmemostbrokeallexcusesIdmadeuptostayawaytryingtomakeitasa“travelwriter”.Therewasn’tmuchIcoulddotostopthaturgetodenouncemyself.

MymotherTundrastayedinhernorthernItalianworldmostofherlife,whereIalwaysstoodoutasafreakandtheonedoingworthlesssillythings.Butmystoriesfromdistantplacesarousedhercuriosityandbroughthercomfort.Toher,Iwasacourageousadventurer,andherwordstowardsmyachievementswhichareinsignifcantnowpushedmeforwardonthatunconventionalpath.

Afterhandlingmymother’saffairsinItaly,IdecidedtoleaveforPenangIsland,oneofthemostvisitedplacesinPenang,Malaysia.WithalltheinternationaltravelI’ddone,intruthI’dalwaystreateditmorelikeastopfornecessaryandurgentbreaks,ratherthanaproperdestination.Yetthen,Imisseditsatmospherethatmademefeelathomesomehow.

Returningthere,Ireconnectedwithbackwoodsbygoingonhikes.Itwashardtoputmyfeelingsintowords,buttherainforestheldsomethinguniquelycomforting.Thisexperiencewassimilartosteppingintoanancient,purerworldthatmadeoneconsiderhumannatureandproblems.Besides,thesoundofstrangeinsectswasalmostlikealanguage,whisperingtomethatIshouldletgoofthepast,andonlyfocusoncurrentlife.Likeanoilleak,thatsufferingfelloutofmeandintoeveryfootprintleft.18monthspassing,Ilookbackonthetimespentinthenaturalworldandtimelessenvironment,knowingI’vepulledthrough.

24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“denounce”meaninthefirstparagraph

A.Blame.B.Support.C.Doubt.D.Encourage.

25.What’stheattitudeoftheauthor’smothertohistravel

A.Worried.B.Favorable.C.DisapprovingD.Excited.

26.WhatdidPenangIslandmeantotheauthorinthepast

A.Aspecialsecondhome.B.Ahard-to-reachdestination.

C.Adistanttouristattraction.D.Amuch-neededrestingplace.

27.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellinthetext

A.Hikingbuildsuphisconfidence.B.Penangisagoodplacetorestart.

C.Naturehelpshimovercomesorrow.D.It’simportanttoliveinthemoment.

【答案】24.A25.B26.D27.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述通过亲近自然、在自然中度过时光终于走出了失去母亲以及没能在母亲最需要时陪伴她的痛苦。

【24题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第一段的“SadnessandthefeelingofnotbeingthereformymotherwhensheneededmemostbrokeallexcusesIdmadeuptostayawaytryingtomakeitasa“travelwriter”.Therewasn’tmuchIcoulddotostopthaturgetodenouncemyself.(悲伤和在母亲最需要我的时候没有陪伴在她身边的感觉打破了我为成为一名“旅行作家”而编造的所有借口。我无法阻止denounce自己的冲动)”可知，没能在母亲最需要的时候陪在她身边，由此可知，会责备自己的去秘鲁旅行的冲动。因此猜测划线词意为“责备”，与blame同义。故选A。

【25题详解】

推理判断题。根据第第二段的“Toher,Iwasacourageousadventurer,andherwordstowardsmyachievementswhichareinsignifcantnowpushedmeforwardonthatunconventionalpath.(对她来说，我是一个勇敢的冒险家，而她对我的成就的赞美——尽管现在还没有实现——推动着我走上了那条非常规的道路)”推知，母亲对的旅行持支持态度。故选B。

【26题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段的“Afterhandlingmymother’saffairsinItaly,IdecidedtoleaveforPenangIsland,oneofthemostvisitedplacesinPenang,Malaysia.WithalltheinternationaltravelI’ddone,intruthI’dalwaystreateditmorelikeastopfornecessaryandurgentbreaks,ratherthanaproperdestination.(在意大利处理完母亲的事务后，我决定前往马来西亚槟城市游客最多的地方之一的槟城岛。对于我所做的所有国际旅行，事实上，我总是把它当作必要和紧急休息的首选，而不是一个合适的目的地)”可知，把槟榔岛看作是一个必要的休息点。故选D。

【27题详解】

推理判断题。通读全文，并结合最后一段的“18monthspassing,Ilookbackonthetimespentinthenaturalworldandtimelessenvironment,knowingI’vepulledthrough.(18个月过去了，回首在自然世界和永恒环境中度过的时光，我知道我已经度过了难关)”可知，通过在自然中度过时光终于走出了失去母亲以及没能在母亲最需要时陪伴她的痛苦。由此推知，通过本文想告诉我们自然帮助她克服了悲伤。故选C。

C

T.O.FullerStateParkinMemphis,Tennessee,hasbeenlovedforgenerationsandhasalwaysbeenagroundwherecommunityhascomefirst.Backin1938,itwasthefirstparkeastoftheMississippirivertoopenforAfricanAmericanvisitors.Over80yearslater,theparkiscontinuingitsforward-thinkingtradition,thistime,throughapioneeringsustainabilityproject.

Anewwalkingandbikingtrailhasbeenbuiltthroughthishistoricpark.Illegallydumped(被丢弃的)tiresarenotonlyunpleasanttosee,butthey’readangerousadditiontotheenvironment.Rubber,likeplastic,isamaterialthatwon’tnaturallydecompose.InaplaceashotasTennessee,thesedumpedtiresoftenbegintomeltandreleasetheseharmfulgassesintotheair.Fortunately,theoldtiresweresenttoPatriotTireRecyclinginBristol,TN,theonlyfacilityintheareathatcanbreakdowntiresinanenvironmentallysoundway.There,thecollectedtiresweresafelybrokendownintothecrumble(碎屑)rubberthatwaseventuallyusedtopavethenewtrail.

TNStateParksexplainedhowthetrail’sconstruction,whichhasbeenindevelopmentsince2023,wasajointeffort.OfficialsfromtheTennesseeDepartmentofEnvironmentandConservation,theTennesseeDepartmentofTransportation,theCityofMemphis,ShelbyCounty,andMemphisCityBeautifulwereallinvolvedinfundingthisrecyclingproject.

Theseofficialsnamedtheirinitiativethe“TirestoTrails”project.Workersfromthesedepartments,alongsidesome450volunteers,cametogethertocollectover24,000tiresthathadbeenillegallydumpedintheareaaroundtheparktoberecycled.

“Thisisaperfectexampleofrecyclinginfullcircle,collectingdumpedmaterial,thenconvertingitintopositiveuse,”David,aleaderoftheproject,saidinastatement.

28.WhatkindofparkisT.O.FullerStatePark

A.Itisapopularparkwithagoodtradition.B.Itisthefirstparkwelcomingallvisitors.

C.ItisaparkwestoftheMississippiriver.D.Itisamodernparkwithoutbikingtrails.

29.Whyaredumpedtiresadangerousadditiontotheenvironment

A.Theyareuglytosee.B.Theyreleaseharmfulgasses.

C.Theyaremadeupofplastic.D.Theycouldonlybeusedtopavethenewtrail.

30.WhatdoesDavidmeaninthelastparagraph

A.Itisthepark’sresponsibilitytorecycle.

B.Theparkisbuiltondumpedmaterials.

C.Theparksuccessfullyrecycleddumpedtires.

D.Itispossibletoturneverythingintousefulthings.

31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext

A.AreasofReusingTires

BMethodsofRebuildingaTrail

C.TiresTransformedintoaNewHikingTrail

D.OfficialsandPeopleWorkingTogethertoRecycleTires

【答案】28.A29.B30.C31.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是田纳西州的T.O.FullerStatePark在众人合作的基础上对被丢弃的轮胎进行废物利用，公园里的一条路就是用废弃轮胎建成的。

【28题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“T.O.FullerStateParkinMemphis,Tennessee,hasbeenlovedforgenerationsandhasalwaysbeenagroundwherecommunityhascomefirst.(田纳西州Memphis的T.O.Fuller州立公园世世代代受到人们的喜爱，一直是社区至上的地方)”可知，它是一个受欢迎的公园。根据第一段最后一句话“Over80yearslater,theparkiscontinuingitsforward-thinkingtradition,thistime,throughapioneeringsustainabilityproject.(80多年后，该公园继续其前瞻性的传统，这一次，通过一个开创性的可持续发展项目)”可知，它是一个有着良好传统的公园，因此T.O.FullerStatePark是一个很受欢迎的公园，有着很好的传统。故选A。

【29题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中“Rubber,likeplastic,isamaterialthatwon’tnaturallydecompose.InaplaceashotasTennessee,thesedumpedtiresoftenbegintomeltandreleasetheseharmfulgassesintotheair.(橡胶和塑料一样，是一种不会自然分解的材料。在像田纳西州这样炎热的地方，这些被丢弃的轮胎经常开始融化，并将这些有害气体释放到空气中)”可知，废弃轮胎会对环境造成危害是因为它们释放有害气体。故选B。

【30题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thisisaperfectexampleofrecyclinginfullcircle,collectingdumpedmaterial,thenconvertingitintopositiveuse(这是一个循环再利用的完美例子，收集废弃材料，然后将其转化为积极的用途)”可知，David在最后一段的意思是T.O.FullerStatePark在回收废弃轮胎方面做得很成功。故选C。

【31题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“Fortunately,theoldtiresweresenttoPatriotTireRecyclinginBristol,TN,theonlyfacilityintheareathatcanbreakdowntiresinanenvironmentallysoundway.There,thecollectedtiresweresafelybrokendownintothecrumble(碎屑)rubberthatwaseventuallyusedtopavethenewtrail.(幸运的是，旧轮胎被送到了田纳西州Bristol的PatriotTireRecycling，这是该地区唯一一家可以以环保方式分解轮胎的工厂。在那里，收集到的轮胎被安全地分解成橡胶碎屑，最终用于铺设新的道路)”可知，本篇文章主要讲述了田纳西州的T.O.FullerStatePark在众人合作的基础上对被丢弃的轮胎进行废物利用并用其铺成了一条路的故事，因此最好的题目是C选项“TiresTransformedintoaNewHikingTrail(轮胎变成了一条新的徒步旅行路线)”。故选C。

D

Isittruethatourbrainaloneisresponsibleforhumancognition(认知)WhataboutourbodyIsitpossibleforthoughtandbehaviourtooriginatefromsomewhereotherthanourbrainPsychologistswhostudyEmbodiedCognition(EC)asksimilarquestions.TheECtheorysuggestsourbodyisalsoresponsibleforthinkingorproblem-solving.Moreprecisely,themindshapesthebodyandthebodyshapesthemindinequalmeasure.

Ifyouthinkaboutitforamoment,itmakestotalsense.Whenyousmellsomethinggoodorhearamusingsounds,certainemotionsareawakened.Thinkabouthownewbornsusetheirsensestounderstandtheworldaroundthem.Theydon’thaveemotionssomuchasneeds—theydon’tfeelsad,they’rejusthungryandneedfood.Evenunbornbabiescanfeeltheirmothers’heartbeatsandthishasacalmingeffect.Intherealworld,theycrywhenthey’recoldandthengethugged.Thatway,theystarttoassociatebeingwarmwithbeingloved.

Understandably,theoristshavebeenarguingforyearsandstilldisagreeonwhetherthebrainisthenervecentrethatoperatestherestofthebody.OlderWesternphilosophersandmainstreamlanguageresearchersbelievethisisfact,whileECtheorisesthatthebrainandbodyareworkingtogetherasanorganicsupercomputer,processingeverythingandformingyourreactions.

Furtherstudieshavebackedupthemind-bodyinteraction.Inoneexperiment,testsubjectswereaskedtojudgepeopleafterbeinghandedahotoracolddrink.Theyallmadewarmevaluationswhentheirfingertipsperceivedwarmthratherthancoolness.Anditworkstheotherwaytoo.Inanotherstudy,subjects’fingertiptemperaturesweremeasuredafterbeing“included”inor“rejected”fromagrouptask.Thosewhowereincludedfeltphysicallywarmer.

Forfurtherproof,wecanlookatthemetaphors(比喻)thatweusewithouteventhinking.Akindandsympatheticpersonisfrequentlyreferredtoasonewithasoftheartandsomeonewhoisverystrongandcalmindifficultsituationsisoftendescribedassolidasarock.Andthiskindofmetaphoricaluseiscommonacrosslanguages.

Nowthatyouhavetheknowledgeofmind-bodyinteraction,whynotuseitIfyou’rehavingabadday,awarmcupofteawillgiveyouaflashofpleasure.Ifyouknowyou’rephysicallycold,warmupbeforemakinganyinterpersonaldecisions.

32.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthesignificanceofEC

A.Itbringsusclosertothetruthinhumancognition.

B.Itoffersaclearerpictureoftheshapeofhumanbrain.

C.Itrevealsthemajorroleofthemindinhumancognition.

D.Itfacilitatesourunderstandingoftheoriginofpsychology.

33.Wheredoesthenewborns’understandingoftheirsurroundingsstartfrom

A.Theirpersonallooks.B.Theirmentalneeds.

C.Theirinneremotions.D.Theirphysicalfeelings.

34.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoprovebycitingthemetaphorsinParagraph5

A.Humanspeechisalivewithmetaphors.

B.Humansenseshaveeffectsonthinking.

C.Humanlanguageisshapedbyvisualimages.

D.Humanemotionsareoftencomparedtonaturalmaterials.

35.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthelastparagraph

A.Todeepenthereaders’understandingofEC.

B.ToencouragethereadertoputECintopractice.

C.Toguidethereaderontothepathtocareersuccess.

D.Tosharewiththereaderwaystoreleasetheiremotions.

【答案】32.A33.D34.B35.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了心理学家的一项EC理论表明，我们不是只有大脑负责人类的认知，我们的身体也负责思考或者解决问题。更准确的说思想塑造身体，身体同等程度地塑造思想。

【32题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第一段第五句话“TheECtheorysuggestsourbodyisalsoresponsibleforthinkingorproblem-solving.Moreprecisely,themindshapesthebodyandthebodyshapesthemindinequalmeasure.(EC理论表明，我们的身体也负责思考或解决问题。更准确地说，思维塑造身体，身体同等程度地塑造思维。)”可推知，EC理论让我们更接近人类认知的真相。故选A。

【33题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第二段第四句话“Theydon’thaveemotionssomuchasneed—theydon’tfeelsad,they’rejusthungryandneedfood.Evenunbornbabiescanfeeltheirmothers’heartbeatsandthishasacalmingeffect.Intherealworld，theycrywhenthey’recoldandthengethugged.Thatway,theystarttoassociatebeingwarmwithbeingloved.(他们没有如同需要那么多的情感——他们不会感到悲伤，他们只是饿，需要食物。即使是未出生的婴儿也能感觉到母亲的心跳，这具有镇静作用。在现实世界中，他们冷了就哭，然后被拥抱。这样，他们开始将温暖与被爱联系起来)”可推知，新生儿对周围环境的理解依靠的是身体感觉。故选D。

34题详解】

推理判断题。根据第五段第一句话“Forfurtherproof,wecanlookatthemetaphors(比喻)thatweusewithouteventhinking.(为了进一步证明，我们可以看看我们不假思索就使用的比喻)”和第四段第一句话“Furtherstudieshavebackedupthemind-bodyinteraction.(更多的研究支持了身心互动)”可知，两个自然段都是为了证明上文第三段EC的观点“OlderWesternphilosophersandmainstreamlanguageresearchersbelievethisisfact,whileECtheorisesthatthebrainandbodyareworkingtogetherasanorganicsupercomputer,processingeverythingandformingyourreactions.(年长的西方哲学家和主流语言研究人员认为这是事实，而EC理论认为大脑和身体作为一台有机的超级计算机协同工作，处理一切并形成反应)”。所以，想要印证的是人类的感官对思维有影响。故选B。

【35题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句话“Nowthatyouhavetheknowledgeofmind-bodyinteraction,whynotuseit(既然您已经掌握了身心互动的知识，为什么不使用它呢)”以及下文中列举的两种现实生活中的情况“Ifyou’rehavingabadday,awarmcupofteawillgiveyouaflashofpleasure.Ifyouknowyou’rephysicallycold,warmupbeforemakinganyinterpersonaldecisions.(如果你今天过得很糟糕，一杯温暖的茶会给你带来一瞬间的快乐。如果你知道自己身体很冷，在做出任何人际关系决定之前先热身。)”可推知，最后一段鼓励读者把EC理论运用于现实生活中。故选B。

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

HelpingYourKidstoBeInterestedinSports

Beingactiveandmovingissomethingthatissoimportantforusall,especiallyforchildren._____36_____However,someparentscanfeelshockedwhentheyseethattheirchildisn’tinterestedinsports.Sohowcanyouencouragethemtohaveago

Itissuchagoodideatoleadbyexamplewhenyouareaparent.Thisistrueforavarietyofaspects,butespeciallyforgettingchildreninvolvedinsport._____37_____Soyouneedtobesomeonewhoisinterestedandactive,ifyouwantanyhopeofthemdoingsotoo.Ifyoulayonthecouchalldaythentheywilljustlearntodothattoo.

_____38_____Althoughtheycanchoosewhotheywanttosupport,seeingyourenthusiasmforaparticularplayerorteamcanbejustwhatisneededtostarttheirjourney.Youcouldlookforateamuniformstoretogetthemasportsshirtwiththeirnameonforexample,aswellasseetheteamplayatoneoftheirgames._____39_____

Ifsomethingisdull,itwillbehardforchildrentobeenthusiasticaboutit.Thiswillmakethemresent(讨厌)it,whichisnotagoodthingforlaterinlife.Iftheyshowparticularskillandlearntoplaysport,thenmorepracticeandtrainingcancomein._____40_____Whentheycanenjoywhattheydo,theywillonlyseeitassomethingfuntodo,ratherthanwhatweasadultsmightseeitas,suchasachoretoburncalories.

Whateversportyourchildchoosestoplay,encouragethemandmakeitfun,andthenitwillbesomethingthattheywillwanttocarryondoingastheygoabouttherestoftheirlives.

A.Theywon’tbeinterestedinsportsifyou’renot.

B.herearesomeothertipsthatyouwouldsharewiththem.

C.Shareyourenthusiasmanditwillhelptolightenapassion.

D.Sothinkaboutwaysthatcangetthemtobeactiveinthesports.

E.Howactiveachildiswillimpacttheiroverallhealthandlearning.

F.Apartfromleadingbyexample,youcouldalsoshareyourfavoriteteam.

G.However,themainmessageforgettingchildrenintosportistokeepitfun.

【答案】36.E37.A38.F39.C40.G

【解析】

【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍一些帮助孩子对运动感兴趣的方法。

【36题详解】

根据上文“Beingactiveandmovingissomethingthatissoimportantforusall,especiallyforchildren.(活跃和运动对我们所有人都非常重要，对儿童来说尤为重要。)”可知，这里强调活跃和运动对儿童来说尤为重要。选项E“孩子的活跃程度将影响他们的整体健康和学习。”和上文意思一致。故选E。

【37题详解】

根据上文“Itissuchagoodideatoleadbyexamplewhenyouareaparent.Thisistrueforavarietyofaspects,butespeciallyforgettingchildreninvolvedinsport.(当你为人父母时，以身作则