江苏省徐州市第十八中学2021-2022学年高三英语上学期期末试卷含解析

江苏省徐州市第十八中学2021-2022学年高三英语上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Myparentsaretalkingabouttheirschooldaysasifthey______backatschool.A.are

B.were

C.havebeen

D.hadbeen参考答案：B【考查方向】考查虚拟语气的用法。句意：我的父母亲谈到他们的学校时光就好像他们回到了他们的学校。asif后跟过去时，表示与现在事实相反的情况。故选B。2.Thespeechfromthenewgovernmentisa_______thatmajorchangesareontheway. A.warning B.symbol C.goal D.signal参考答案：D3.Youshouldbegratefultoyouremployees,becauseyouwouldn'tbe＿youarenowwithoutthem.A.

why

B.how

C.where

D.which参考答案：C4.Havingseenthefilm,hesaidwhatawonderfulfilmhe______.A.saw

B.hasseen

C.hadseen

D.wouldsee参考答案：C解析：

分析语境逻辑不难发现该间接引语原直接引语应为:Havingseenthefilm,hesaid,“WhatawonderfulfilmIhaveseen!”显然,间接引语时态应为过去完成时。5.Don’tworry.Thehardworkthatyoudonow______laterinlife.A.willberepaid B.wasbeingrepaid C.hasbeenrepaid D.wasrepaid参考答案：A6.Theairqualityinthecity,______isshowninthereport,hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.A.that

B.it

C.as

D.what参考答案：C考查定语从句。句意：正如报道的那样，在过去的两个月里这个城市的空气质量已经改善了许多。在本句难点是把定语从句分割出来放在句首就很明了了，把句子转换成

isshowninthereport,theairqualityinthecityhasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.就能直接看到非限制性定语从句引导词放句首指的是下文所提到的一句话用as引导“正如在所写的那样”。故选C。7._________bytheterribleearthquake,Wenchuan,acityinSichuanprovince,was_________fromtheoutside.

A.Havingstruck;cutup

B.Struck;cutdown

C.Havingstruck;cutout

D.Struck;cutoff参考答案：D8.Janewon’tjoinusfordinnertonightand______.A.neitherwon’tTom

B.norwillTomC.sowillTom

D.Tomwilltoo参考答案：B9.Withthethreehistorictasks

,weChineseshouldkeeponworkingwithgreatdetermination.A.accomplish B.accomplishing C.accomplished D.toaccomplish参考答案：D10.Tommylosthis______andbegantovomitshortlyafterheatethestreetfood.A.enthusiasm

B.delight

C.pressure

D.Appetite参考答案：D【考查方向】考查名词的用法。句意：汤米失去了食欲,他吃街头食品后不久，开始呕吐。A.enthusiasm热情；B.delight高兴；C.pressure压力；D.appetite食欲。根据题干关键词atethestreetfood判断。故选D。

11.Idon’tfeellike

suchalongtrip.I’dlike

withmymotherathome.

A.making;staying

B.tomake;tostay

C.making;tostay

D.tomake;staying参考答案：C略12.Tokeephealthy,mostretiredoldpeople_____joggingasaregularformofexercise．A．takeup

B．makeup

C．carryout

D．holdout参考答案：A13.Itwouldactuallybemorecruelto________youngpeopleofthechancetoexperienceanotherlifestyle.A.deprive B.cheat

C.suspect D.accuse参考答案：A14.AlthoughattimeslearningtoplaythepianoWastiringforme，itwaswellworthhe_______.

A.effort B.strength C.intelligence D.preparation参考答案：A15.—Excuseme,whatcanIdoforyou?

—Yes．I'dliketoplace____advertisementfor____usedcarinyourpaper．

A．the;a

B．an;/

C．an;a

D．/;the参考答案：C16.Manyquestions____atthemeeting,butheanswerednone.

A.cameup

B.raised

C.wererisen

D.asked参考答案：A二、新的题型17.Runnersneedtomove15percentfasteronatreadmill（跑步机）toburnthesamenumberofcaloriesasjoggingoutdoors,researchreveals.Researchersfoundrunningontreadmillssignificantlyreducestheamountofoxygenjoggersuse.___16___Theexperimentprocedure.ResearchersfromMilanUniversityanalysedthedifferencebetweenrunningoutdoorsandonatreadmillin15physicallyfitmaleswithanaverageageof21.______17______.Anditwasfollowedby30secondsofrecoveryforatotalof15minutesbothoutdoorsandonatreadmill.Oxygenuseandexerciseintensityweremeasuredafterbothtypesofrunning.TheResults.Theresultsrevealedthatwhenonatreadmill,runnersusesignificantlyloweramountsofoxygen,suggestinglesseffortisrequired.___18______19___A15percentincreaseinrunningspeedduringahighintermittent（间歇的）intensitytreadmilltrainingsessionistheoptimalsolutiontoreachthesamephysiologicalresponsesasanoutdoortrainingsession.Possiblereasonsforthedifference.___20___Butthepreviousresearchsuggeststhemovingbeltofatreadmillpropels（推进）joggersforward,causingthemtomovefaster.Exercisingindoorsalsomeansgym-goersdonothavetofightwithsteephillsorwindresistance.MichaelSilverman,directorofrehabilitationandwellnessatNorthernWestchesterHospitalinNewYork,said,“Outdoors,youarechangingsurfacesconstantly,fightingthewind,andmakingquickandsuddenstartsandstops,whichwillleadtoincreasedcaloricburn.”A.ThesolutionB.Thestudysuggestedustodoingsportsoutdoors.C.Theparticipantsranasfastastheycanfor30seconds.D.Andthatsuggestsrunningontreadmillsrequireslesseffort.E.Thestudydidnotworkoutwhytreadmillrunningappearstobelessstrenuous.（费力的）F.Whythereisdifferenceincaloryburningbetweendoingsportsonatreadmillandjoggingoutdoors?G.Therefore,runnersmustmovefasteronatreadmilltoachievethesameresultsasexercisingoutdoors.参考答案：16.D

17.C

18.G

19.A

20.E本文属于科普文章。一项有趣的研究发现，在跑步机上跑步者的速度要快15%，才能与户外慢跑燃烧同等热量。16.D17.C考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据上一句。根据上句内容“分析了平均年龄为21岁的15名健康男子去户外跑步与在跑步机上跑步的差异。”可知下文要分析参与者（Theparticipants）的情况。分析选项可知C项（参与者快跑30秒）与下文一致。故选C项。18.G考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据上一句“onatreadmill,runnersusesignificantlyloweramountsofoxygen,suggestinglesseffortisrequired.”可知在跑步机上跑步时，跑步者的耗氧量大大降低，这表明更省劲。因此可推断只有加快速度才能与户外锻炼消耗同样多的能量。分析选项可知G项。19.A考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。分析整个文章可知，本句是下一段的总结性语言。根据本段的最后一句“theoptimalsolutiontoreachthesamephysiologicalresponsesasanoutdoortrainingsession.”可知这一段是解决方案。分析选项可知A项（Thesolution）符合题意，故选A项。20.E考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据连词but可知，本空所填与下一句意思相反。根据下句“但以往的研究指出，跑步机上移动的跑带会推动跑步者向前，从而让他们跑得更快。”可知E项（这项研究没有推测为何在跑步机上跑步似乎更省力）与之相反。故E项符合题意。【名师点睛】七选五题型解题技巧该题型对学生的考察能力总体从两个方面来考察；第一，把握整篇文章的布局和逻辑层次关系。第二把握微观信息间关联性（即空格前后句间关系）。该题型选项大致可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）；过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。正确的解题思路分为两步：（1）首当其冲看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。（2）精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。由于七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。如第1小题，前一句说“在跑步机上跑步大大降低了跑步者的耗氧量”，自然就说明了更省力。分析选项可知D项符合题意。（3）看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。如第2小题。通过前后的参与者可得出C项的正确。（4）解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though,however等。如第5小题运用but表示前后的转折。三、阅读理解18.Weighingtoomuchcandamageyourhealth,andobesityisagrowingproblemforbothkidsandadultsaroundtheworld.Sleepmightbeoneanswertotheproblem.Anewstudyhasfoundthatelementaryschoolstudentswhoslepttoolittleweremorelikelytogainpounds.

Paststudieshaveshownalinkbetweensleepinglessandweighingmore,butscientistshavehadatoughtimedetermining"whichcamefirst,thechickenortheegg,"saysJulieC.LumengoftheuniversityofMichiganinAnnArbor.Inotherwords,ithasn'tbeenclearwhetherkidswhoweightoomuchhavetroublesleeping,orwhethersleepinglessleadstoweightgain.Bothscenarios(可能出现的情况)seemedequallypossible.Togetabetterideaofwhichcauseswhich,Lumengandhercolleaguesinterviewedtheparentsof785thirdgradersfromaroundtheUnitedStates.Theparents

answeredquestionsabouthowwelltheirkidssleptthatyear.Threeyearslater,theparentsansweredthesamequestions.Bysixthgrade,18percentofkidsinvolvedinthestudywereobese.Thescientistsfoundnorelationshipbetweenweightandthestudents'raceorgender.Italsodidn'tmatterhowstricttheirparentswere,orwhethertheywereboysorgirls.Obesitystruckallofthesegroupsequally.Instead,sleepseemedtobethekeyfactor.Overthethreeyearsofstudy,thechildrenaveragedahealthy9.5hoursofsleepanight.Somekids,however,sleptalotmoreorlessthanothers.Forthesixthgraders,everyhourofsleepabovethe9.5houraveragewaslinkedtoa20percentlowerriskofbeingobese.Sleepappeareddoublyimportantforthethirdgraders.Everyextrahourofsleeptheygotwaslinkedtoa40percentdropinobesity.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceonparagraph2imply?A.Scientistshavefoundtheexactcausesofchildren'sobesity.B.ThereisalwayssomethingdifficulttounderstandthroughtheoryC.Thecause–effectrelationshipbetweenweightandsleepisn'tclear.D.Aperson'sweighthassomethingtodowiththeamountofhissleep.5.Whatdidtheinterviewfindout?A.9.5hoursofsleepanightisenoughforchildren.B.Themoreachildsleeps,thehealthierhewillbe.C.Sixthgradersneedmuchmoresleepthanthirdgraders.D.One’sraceorgenderhasnothingtodowithhisweight.6.Howdoestheauthordevelopthepassage?A.Bylistingfigures

B.BycomparingdifferentopinionsC.B