2023年自考类英语自考英语国家概况历年高频考题带答案难题附详解

2023年自考类英语自考英语国家概况历年高频考题带答案难题附详解（图片大小可自由调整）第1卷一.历年考点试题黑钻版(共50题)1.EarlWarren2.WhatistheHouseofLordsmadeupof?3.Touristtradeisimportantineconomyin______withrichgreenmountainsandvalleys.A.BritishColumbiaB.AtlanticprovincesC.theCanadian-ShieldD.St.Lawrence-GreatLakesprovinces4.WhenabillemergesfromtheSenateandtheHouse,itisusuallyreferredtoa______composedofequalnumberofmembersfromeachhousetoresolvethedifferences.A.revenuecommitteeB.standingcommitteeC.permanentcommitteeD.conferencecommittee5.WhereisthevolcanicactivityinNewZealand?6.ThenativepeopleofCanadacamefrom______inprehistorictimes.A.AsiaB.AfricaC.EuropeD.America7.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutAustraliaisnottrue?______A.Itliessouthoftheequator.B.Itistheworld'ssmallestcontinent.C.Itistheflattestandlowestcontinent.D.Itisthecontinentthatcontainsmorethanonecountry.8.AccordingtotheTreatyofWaitangi,______isentitledtomakelawsinNewZealand.A.theMaoripeopleB.theBritishsettlersC.theQueenofEnglandD.theNewZealandgovernment9.TheoathtakingceremonyofthePresidentistraditionallyheldonthestepsof______.A.theWhiteHouseB.theU.S.CapitolC.theSupremeCourtD.thechurch10.WilliamⅡwasknownas______becauseofhisredcomplexion.A.RufusB.theConquerorC.theConfessorD.theUnready11.The______turnedouttobeAmerica'slongestwarithadeverfought.A.FirstWorldWarB.SecondWorldWarC.KoreanWarD.VietnamWar12.TheU.S.haslessthan______oftheworld'spopulation,butitproducesabout______ofthetotalworldoutput.A.6%,25%B.6%,23%C.7%,25%D.7%,23%13.WhatwasthesignificanceoftheEnglishCivilWar?14.In1971,theCanadianGovernmentadoptedapolicyof______,recognizingthatculturalpluralismwithinabilingualframeworkwastheessenceoftheCanadianidentity.A.unilingualismB.multilingualismC.biculturalismD.multiculturalism15.WhatwasthepurposeoftheDowningStreetDeclarationsignedin1993betweentheIrishandtheBritishgovernments?16.Thesafeguardsagainstmisuseofpowerscomeintheformof______.A.separationofpowersB.executiveordersC.presidentialelectionsD.partypolitical17.Firstdegreecoursesaremainlyfulltimeandusuallylast______yearsinEnglish,WalesandNorthernIreland.A.3B.4C.5D.618.AftertheWarwithMexicoendedin1848,Mexicowasforcedtoagreetogive______totheUnitedStates.A.FloridaandNewOrleansB.LouisianaandOhioC.NewEnglandandMississippiD.CaliforniaandNewMexico19.InNewZealand,Pakehareferstopeopleofnon-Polynesianheritage,especiallythoseof______descent.A.AsianB.AfricanC.EuropeanD.American20.TheSecondWorldWarfinallycametoanendin______.A.1945B.1946C.1947D.194921.ThefollowingarethefactorsthathavecontributedtothedevelopmentoftheU.S.economyexcept______.A.thevastspaceandresourcesofthelandB.theidealsoffreedomandeconomicopportunityC.EnglishasitsnationallanguageD.hardworkbythepeople22.WhataretheaimoftheMarshallPlan?23.TheU.S.systemofgovernmentisbasedon______ofpowers.A.separationB.concentrationC.centralizationD.centralcontrol24.ThebiggestandsmalleststatesofAustraliaarerespectively______.A.QueenslandandVictoriaB.SouthAustraliaandTasmaniaC.WesternAustraliaandSouthAustraliaD.WesternAustraliaandTasmania25.WhatisthemajorreasonformanyearlysettlerstocometotheEnglishcoloniesinNorthAmerica?26.WhatisTheWasteLandbyT.S.Eliotconsidered?27.IntheU.S.thehighbirthrateduringthe"babyboom"mainlyreferstotheperiod______.A.1920—1930B.1946—1964C.1972—1982D.1980—199028.WhoisgenerallyregardedasthegreatestwriterintheEnglishlanguage?______A.ChristopherMarlowe.B.BenJohnson.C.WilliamShakespeare.D.GeoffreyChaucer.29.InBritain,themembersoftheHouseofCommonsareelectedforamaximumof______years.A.fourB.threeC.fiveD.six30.TheBritishuniversitiesaregovernedby______orby______andenjoyacademicfreedom.A.royalcharters,ActofParliamentB.thePeople'sCharter,theReformActof1832C.theGreatCharter,theBillofRightsD.thePetitionofRight,theTestAct31.WhatwastheCompromiseof1850?32.TheEnglishRenaissancewaslargely______.A.literaryB.politicalC.religiousD.philosophical33.WhereisthehighestpeakinNewZealand?34.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutIreland'shistoryistrue?A.IrelandwasinvadedonlybyCeltictribes.B.ThearrivalofSt.PatrickinAD432wasperhapsthemostimportanteventinIrishhistory.C.Attheearlyofthe8thcenturytheVikinginvasionsbegan.D.In1170,theAnglo-SaxonsinvadedIrelandandfromthenon,theconflictbetweentheEnglishandtheIrishwentonforalmost600years.35.Whatistheoldestgolfclubintheworld?36.TheLandDownUnder37.HowdochildreninremoteareasofAustraliareceivetheireducation?38.IrelandwasinvadedbyanumberofCeltictribesinprehistorictimesandthemostimportantwere______.A.theGaelsB.theDanceC.theVikingsD.Anglo-Saxons39.ThefirstsummitbetweentheUnitedStates,theSovietUnionandBritainduringWorldWarⅡwasheldin______inNovember1943.A.YaltaB.CairoC.TeheranD.Potsdam40.AftertheHundredYears'War,powerinEnglandwasinthehandsofanumberofrichandambitious______.A.bishopsB.merchantsC.noblesD.royalfamilymembers41.Since1945theUnitedStatesentereda25-yeareconomicboom,andthecornerstoneswerethe______.A.automobile,housingandshippingB.farming,housinganddefenseindustriesC.automobile,housinganddefenseindustriesD.automobile,shippinganddefenseindustries42.ThesymbolswhichareassociatedwithValentine'sDayarethefollowingexcept______.A.cardsdecoratedwithheartsB.cupidarmedwithbowandarrowC.flowerstiedwithredribbonsD.toastturkey43.ThecentralplainareaofIrelandischaracterizedbymanylakes,______andlowridges.A.bogs(wetarea)B.rapidstreamsC.smallislandsD.highcliffs44.IntheHundredYears'Warstartedin______andwasendedin______,inwhichtheEnglishhadlostalltheterritoriesofFranceexcepttheFrenchportof______.A.1337,1453,FlandersB.1337,1453,CalaisC.1346,1453,ArgencourtD.1346,1453,Brest45.AsaresultoftheFirstWorldWarwasestablished______in1920.A.theCommonwealthofNationsB.theEastIndiaCompanyC.theLeagueofNationsD.theUnitedStates46.WhatareEstablishedchurchesinBritain?47.WhatarethetwolargestethnicgroupsinCanada?48.TheheartofAustraliacoveredwithtansoilsistraditionallyknownas______.A.theCentralLandB.theRedSoilsC.theRedCentreD.theTanSoil49.WhatarethethreegiantsintheAmericanautomobileindustry?.50.PushedbytheProgressiveMovement,PresidentsTheodoreRoosevelt(1901-1909)andWoodrowWilson(1913-1921)initiatedchangesfromthe19thcenturytraditionof______.A.monopolyB.laissezfaireC.governmentregulationD.marketcontrol第1卷参考答案一.历年考点试题黑钻版1.参考答案：EarlWarrenwasSupremeCourtChiefJusticeinthe1950sand1960s.TheSupremeCourtunderhimplayedapositiveroleintheCivilRightsMovement.Thecourtdeclaredthedoctrineof"separatebutequal"ineducationunconstitutional.2.参考答案：ItismadeupoftheLordsSpiritualandtheLordsTemporal.3.参考答案：B[解析]旅游业是大西洋诸省区经济的主要部分。郁郁葱葱的山脉和山谷使这些省成为加拿大最美丽的地方。4.参考答案：D[解析]当一个法案从参议院和众议院提出的时候，要把它提交给由两院相等议员人数组成的大会委员会审议，以消除分歧。5.参考答案：ThevolcanicactivitycanbefoundonthecentralplateauinNorthIsland.6.参考答案：A[解析]加拿大的土著人是在史前时期从亚洲来的。7.参考答案：D[解析]澳大利亚在南半球，是世界上最小的一个大洲，是惟一的只包含有一个国家的大洲。在世界上七个大洲中，它是最平坦、最低，并且是惟一一个能开着汽车到达最高山顶的大洲。8.参考答案：C[解析]《外坦基条约》有三条内容，其中第一条为：毛利人把为新西兰制定法律的权力交给了英国女王。9.参考答案：B[解析]就职典礼仪式上总统正式就职开始，依据传统，仪式在美国国会大厦(国会开会的地方)门前的阶梯上举行。10.参考答案：A[解析]威廉因其面色红润而被称为“红脸威廉”。11.参考答案：D[解析]对共产党的遏制政策使美国卷入了越南战争——美国打的时间最长的一场战争(1950—1975)。12.参考答案：A[解析]美国拥有世界上不到6%的人口，生产出的产品却占世界总产量的25%。13.参考答案：ItnotonlyoverthrewfeudalsysteminEnglandbutalsoshookthefoundationofthefeudalruleinEurope.Itisgenerallyregardedasthebeginningofmodernworldhistory.14.参考答案：D[解析]加拿大政府于1971年采纳了多元文化主义政策，从而确认了双语制框架中的多元文化是加拿大特征的精髓之处。15.参考答案：TheDowningStreetDeclarationwastoseekmutuallyagreeablepoliticalstructuresinNorthernIrelandandbetweenthetwoislands.[考点]TheRepublicofIreland(Ⅱ)History,GovernmentandEconomy16.参考答案：A[解析]宪法的制定者们想确保新政府不滥用自己的权力。如果新联邦政府要强有力，就必须有保证措施，这种保证措施以分权制的形式出现。17.参考答案：A[解析]在英格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰，第一学位的课程主要是全日制的，通常学制3年。但是也有四年制课程，而医学和兽医学通常要学5年。18.参考答案：D[解析]美国和墨西哥之间的战争始于1846年，止于1848年，由于签订了和平条约，墨西哥被迫同意把加利福尼亚和新墨西哥(即现在的亚利桑那州、新墨西哥州、犹他州、内华达州、科罗拉多州和怀俄明州)割让给美国。19.参考答案：C[考点]NewZealand(Ⅰ)LandandPeople

[解析]新西兰的白种人是指非波利尼西亚血统的人，特别是那些祖先是欧洲人的。20.参考答案：A[解析]第二次世界大战结束于1945年。21.参考答案：C[解析]美国经济的快速增长有多种因素：(1)美国的地理位置给美国的发展、壮大提供了非常好的条件；(2)上天赐给美国的土地拥有丰富的矿产资源、肥沃的土壤和适宜的气候；(3)幸运的是美国有足够的人口为不断扩大的经济提供必要的劳动力；(4)劳动力的质量，美国拥有技术水平高和积极肯干的劳动力，他们不但工作努力，而且愿意去试验、改革和学习新的技术。22.参考答案：TheaimoftheMarshallPlanwastoprotectWesternEuropefrompossibleSovietexpansion.[考点]History(Ⅲ)(1945-Present)23.参考答案：A[解析]在美国，宪法的制定者们想确保新政府不滥用自己的权力。如果新联邦政府要强有力，就必须有保证措施，这种保证措施以分权制的形式出现。政府分为三部分：立法、行政和执法。每个部门只有部分权力而不是全部权力，每个政府部门都可以制止或阻止其他部门的行为。三个部门就这样相互均衡了。这就被称为“均衡制。”24.参考答案：D[解析]西澳大利亚是澳大利亚最大的州；塔斯马尼亚岛塔斯马尼亚是澳大利亚六个州中最小的一个，它是一个岛，位于澳大利亚大陆的东南部的南端。25.参考答案：ManyearlysettlerscametotheEnglishcoloniesinsearchofreligiousfreedom.26.参考答案：TheWasteLandisconsideredthemanifestoofthe"LostGeneration".27.参考答案：B[解析]美国的生育高峰期为1946年至1964年，出生率比较高。28.参考答案：C29.参考答案：C[解析]大选必须五年举行一次，但经常不到五年就进行一次选举。30.参考答案：A[解析]英国的大学依照皇家特许状或议会法进行管理并享有学术自由。31.参考答案：TheCompromiseof1850wasanagreement,whichallowedCaliforniatobeacceptedasafreestate,NewMexicoandUtahtobeorganizedasterritorieswithoutlegislationeitherfororagainstslaveryandamoreefficientmachinerytobesetupforreturningrunawayslavestotheirmasters.32.参考答案：A33.参考答案：Thehighestpeak,MtCook,isinthecenterofthemountainrange,whichiscalledtheSouthernAlps.34.参考答案：B[解析]在史前时代，爱尔兰遭受过许多凯尔特部落的入侵，其中最重要的是盖尔人。爱尔兰历史上量重要的事件或许是公元432年圣帕特里克来到爱尔兰岛，并把此岛变成学问中心和基督教文化中心。8世纪末期，北欧人开始入侵。1170年，盎格鲁—撒克逊人入侵爱尔兰，他们逐渐控制了这个岛。英国人和爱尔兰人之间的冲突持续了近800年。35.参考答案：TheoldestgolfclubintheworldistheHonourableCompanyofEdinburghGolfers.36.参考答案：TheLandDownUnder:ItreferstoAustraliabecausetotheEuropeansAustrali