新疆乌鲁木齐市第四十中学2023-2024学年高三上学期8月月考 英语试卷 （含解析无听力部分）

第第页新疆乌鲁木齐市第四十中学2023-2024学年高三上学期8月月考英语试卷（含解析，无听力部分）乌鲁木齐市第四十中学2023-2024学年

高三上学期8月月考英语试题

总分120分考试时间120分钟

一、阅读理解（共30分）

CyclingToursinEurope&Asia

CyclingtheBalkans

Duration:15days

TheBalkansoffersamixofbeautifulcountryside,fast-developingcitiesandhistorictowns.OurfirstrideendsattheUNESCOtownofOhridonthevastlakeofthesamename.Thereareafewstopsalongthewaytovisitorseeplacesofinterest.

CyclingtheItalianandSwissLakes

Duration:8days

TheItalianlakesofComoandMaggiorearefamedforboththeirwonderfulsceneryandtheirwealthyresidents.Thisisafascinatingareatodiscoverontwowheelswithexcellentroadsthatcloselyfollowthewindingshores.TheVilladelBalbianellowithitsbeautifulItaliangardensmaylookfamiliar,havingbeenseenininternationalmoviessuchasBond'sCasinoRoyale.

Self-GuidedCyclingintheDouroValley

Duration:7days

ThiscyclingholidayintheDouroValleywillmakeyoufamiliarwithmagicalsurroundings,deliciouscuisineandsomeoftheworld'sfinestwines.TheridebeginsinCasteloRodrigo,avillageclosetowherePortugalbordersSpain,andhometoanancientcaste.You'llcyclethroughvineyardsandvisitthefamousPortwineestates(庄园).

ExploringSriLankabyBike

Duration:8days

Beinganisland,SriLankaisincrediblydiverse.Exploringontwowheelsisthebestwaytoseethisruralcountryandtoexperiencethewayoflifeofitsfriendlypeople.WetravelfromancientcitiestothehillcountytownsofKandyandNuwaraEliyabeforeendingthetriponthebeachesofthebeautifulsouthcoast.

1．What'sspecialabouttheBalkanstour

A．Ithasfantasticislandscenery.B．ItishostedbytheOhridgovernment.

C．It'sacontinuousridewithnostops.D．Itcombineshistoryandthepresent.

2．WhatcanyoudoontheDouroValleytour

A．VisitSpanishgardens.B．Enjoythebeachesofthesouthcoast.

C．Pickgrapesinthevineyards.D．Acquireknowledgeofwines.

3．Whichroutewouldappealtoamoviefan

A．Self-GuidedCyclingintheDouroValley.B．CyclingtheItalianandSwissLakes.

C．ExploringSriLankabyBike.D．CyclingtheBalkans.

MynameisJaimicEckertandI’vebeenintovolunteerworksincechildhood.Asagirl,Ivolunteeredatanimalshelters,playedmusicatnursinghomes,andhelpedwithcommunitycleanupafterdisasters.Incollege,Ivolunteeredheavilyatalargeyearlyconferenceforyoungadults,whichiswhereIfellinlovewithmyhusband-to-be,whowasonmyteamofco-volunteers.Sincegettingmarriedin2023,we’vebeenlivinginBeirut,Lebanon.IactuallyhaveanonlinecoachingbusinessbutI’vehadmanyopportunitiestovolunteerwithprojectsforSyrianrefugees(难民)andyoutheducation.

Volunteeringhasbeenawayoflifeformeforaverylongtime,andIwouldn’tdoitifIdidn’tenjoyit.Mostofthetime,youdofeelthatyou’remakingadifference.OnceIwasleadingoutaprojectthatprovidedfoodboxestoSyrianrefugeefamilies.WhenitwasnearingRamadan,thebiggestholidayseasoninIslam,Iliterallystuffedthefoodpackagewithextratreats...dates,nuts,oliveoilandsweets.WetookthepackageunannouncedandendeduparrivingjustastheSyrianfamilywassittingdownontheirfloorforbreakfast.Theyhadnothingmorethanafewpiecesofbreadandapotoftea.Themotherwasintearsasshereceivedus.I’llneverforgettheirgratitude.

Anothertime,backwhenIwasincollegeintheUS,agroupoffriendsandIvolunteeredtodrivetoadistantchurchthatwaswayoutinthesuburbandhadonlyafewelderlymembers.Thebuildingwasindisrepairandthechurchyardneededattention.Westayedtheweekendinthehomeofoneoftheseoldladiessowecouldcleanandrepairthechurch.I’llneverforgethownewlifesparkledinhereyes.Shecouldn’trepairbrokendoorsorpullweeds,butherloveforuswasunmatched.Itbreaksmyhearttorememberthisoldladybeamingwithjoyforsuchsmalleffortsthatwemade.Sometimes,volunteerworkisfulfillingnotbecauseoftheactualjobyougetdone,butbecauseofhowyourpresenceimpactsthepeoplearoundyou.

Volunteeringmakesmeabetterpersonbecauseitgetsmeoutsideofmyself.Itputsmyfocusonothers.ItmakesmegratefulforwhatIhave.

4．InwritingParagraph1,theauthoraimsto________.

A．provideanexplanationB．introduceatopic

C．reachaconclusionD．proposeadefinition

5．WhatdoesParagraph2focuson

A．WebroughtfoodtoSyrianfamilies.

B．RamadanisthemostimportantholidayseasoninIslam.

C．Volunteeringaffectspeopleinsomeway.

D．VolunteeringisawayofEckert’slife.

6．Whywastheoldladyhappy

A．Becausefinallysomeonecametocomforttheminthechurch.

B．Becauseshecouldcleanandrepairthechurchwithus.

C．Becauseofourpresenceandhelp.

D．Becausewemadeeffortstoentertainher.

7．Whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey

A．Eckert’svolunteerdream.

B．WhatvolunteeringmeanstoEckert.

C．HowvolunteeringhaschangedEckert’slife.

D．EckertvolunteersforSyrianrefugees.

8．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsvolunteering

A．Critical.B．Objective.C．Indifferent.D．Positive.

Therearetraditionallytwowaystomakealeatherjacket.Oneinvolvesacow,andtakesyears.Theotherinvolvesman-madematerialandrequiresplastic.Butthere’sathirdoption:fungus(真菌).

Overthelastdecade,companieslikeBoltThreadshavebegunmanufacturing(制造)andsellingfungalleatherasanenvironmentallysustainablereplacementforbothcowskinandplastic.Previously,therewasn’tmuchresearchtosupporttheirclaims.ButastudypublishedbyDr.AlexanderBismarck,amaterialsscientistattheUniversityofVienna,andhiscolleagueslastweekinNatureSustainabilityfindsthatfungalleatherworksquitewellwhenitcomestousefulnessandsustainability.

Wearingfungalleatherdoesn’tmeanwearingamotorcyclejacketmadefrommushrooms.Insteadit’smadefromamatofmycelium,thethreadlikerootnetworksfromwhichfruitingbodiesspringupafterrain.Thesemycelialmatsgroweasilyonjustaboutanyorganicmaterial.Dr.Bismarcksaidthepotentialforcustommaterialsishuge.

Fungalleatherispotentiallymoresustainablethanotherleathersources.Thetanningprocess(makinganimalskinintoleatherbytreatingitwithchemicals)isenergy-consumingandproducesquiteabitofwaste—andtheproductionofman-madeleatherrequiresplastic,whichinvolvesoil.“You’regettingabiologicalorganismtodoallofyourmanufacturingforyou,sothere’snorealenergyrequirement,saidMitchellJones,leadauthorfromtheViennaUniversityofTechnology.“Onceyou’vegotthismaterial,youcanprocessitaccordingtoquitesimplechemicaltreatmentscomparedtowhatyounormallydoforleathertanning.”

Thefungalleatherindustryisstillinitsearlystages,andislargelyproducingproofsofconceptfortheluxurymarket:prototypes(样品)ofBoltThreads’fungalleatherhandbagsoldforabout$400.ButDr.Jonesbelievesthatthecostsarelikelytodropastheindustrygrows,saying“Thetechnologytomass-producemushroomsisalreadythere.”

9．Whatmaybethemainpurposeofthenewresearch

A．Topredictthefutureofthefungalleatherindustry.

B．Tocomparesomedifferentwaystomakeleather.

C．Totestagroupofsustainableleathersources.

D．Toevaluatetheperformanceoffungalleather.

10．Whichofthefollowingareusedtoproducefungalleather

A．Mycelialmats.B．Fruitingbodies.

C．Mushrooms’caps.D．Mushrooms’stems.

11．Whatisanadvantageoffungalleatherovertraditionalleather

A．Itseldomneedsleathertanning.B．Itinvolvescheaperchemicals.

C．Itneedslessprocessingtime.D．Itsavesalotofenergy.

12．WhatdoesDr.JonesthinkofBoltThreads’fungalleatherhandbags

A．Theywillfloodtheluxurymarket.B．Theirpricescanbeloweredeasily.

C．Theymaythreatenthemushroomindustry.D．Theirpopularityinthefutureisskeptical.

Ifyou'reoutforarun,whatdifferencedoesitmakeifyou'reabletotoughitoutforanother50secondsIfyou'relessthanaminutefromthetopofthehill,thatextratimecanmakethedifferencebetweenhavingreachedyourgoalandsnatchingdefeatfromthejawsofvictory.

HowdoyougetthoseextrasecondsofenergyAresearchteamattheTexesTechUniversitydevelopedastudytomeasurewhateffectlisteningtomusicwouldhaveonexercisetolerance.Theresearchersbasedthestudyonastresstesting.Aspartofthetesting,theynotedanychangesinheartrateandbloodpressureasparticipantsunderwentphysicallystressfulexercise.

Thetestsweredoneontreadmills(跑步机),whichincreasedinbothspeedandincline(坡度)throughthreestages.Inthefinalstage,thetreadmillsmovedat10milesperhourata14-percentgrade.Mostofthesetestsweredesignedtolastupto40minutes.Theaveragegym-goerslasted30minutes.Forthisstudy,theydivided127participantsintotwogroups.Onelistenedtoupbeat(快节奏)music,whiletheothergrouphadearbudsinbutdidnotlistentomusic.

Thegroupthatlistenedtomusicwasabletooutlastthenon-musicgroupbyanaverageof50.6seconds.Again,beingabletogoanextraminutemayseemlikeano-brainer,but“after30minutes,youfeellikeyouarerunningupamountain,soevenbeingabletogo50secondslongermeansalot,"saidthestudy'sleadauthor,WaseemShami,MD．

Thestudyhasconfirmedsomethingrunnersandgym-goershavesuspectedforyears:Listeningtomusicduringworkoutcanbebeneficialtoyourendurance."Ourfindingsreinforcetheideathatupbeatmusiccanhelpyouexerciselongerandstickwithadailyexerciseroutine,"saidShami.Whendoctorsarerecommendingexercise,theymightsuggestlisteningtomusic,too."

13．WhydidShami’steamconducttheresearch

A．Totesttheeffectofmusiconhealth.B．Toknowthecauseoffailureinsports.

C．Toimproverunners'exercisetolerance.D．Torecordthebodychangeofparticipants

14．WhatdidtheresearchersthanabouttheParticipantsinthestresstesting

A．Theyranmuchfasterthanaveragerunners.B．Theycreatedanewrecordofindoorsports.

C．Theycouldrunalittlelongerwithmusicon.D．Theyallenjoyedextremephysicalchallenge

15．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“ano-brainer”meaninparagraph4

A．Adullactivity.B．Afoolishaction.

C．Ademandingtask.D．Aneasypractice

16．WhatdidShamisuggestusdoinginthelastparagraph

A．Developingadailyexerciseroutine.B．Listeningtomusicwhileworkingout

C．Participatinginphysicalstresstesting.D．Takingexerciseasdoctorsrecommend.

二、七选五（共10分）

Travelandillnessgohandinhand.Howmanytimeshaveyoubeenontheroadortravelingbyplaneandwithinathree-daytimetheflucomesknocking___17___WaystopreventLikeallgoodthingshavingasetlistoringredientstofightagainstgettingsickwhiletravellingisnecessary.

TakeYourHerbs(药草)WithYou.

Byallmeans,youcanpackyourvitaminsbut,alsopackthoseherbs.___18___herbshavebeenstudiedtoshowanimprovedimmunity(免疫力)ofapersonwhosuffersfromrespiratory(呼吸道的)infectionstoo.Agreatherbtohaveonahand(especiallyifyouintendtryinganewrestaurant)willhelpsettlethatupsetdigestivetrack.(消化道).

DoNotIgnoreSymptoms

___19___Thisbitterspice(苦涩的香草）cansaveseveraldaysspentinmisery.However,sometimeswehavetotravelforbusiness,sopostponing(拖延）islookeddownupon.Ifthisisthecase,checkyourinsurancecoveragewhenitcomesdomesticandinternationaltraveling.Thisiscautiousmovewhenitcomestoneedingmedicalassistancewhiletraveling.

___20___

Walkingaroundthecity,running,orexerciseofsomesortwillhelpfightofftravelillnesses.Wewouldallliketowalkaroundforanentireweek,butbesuretoclockinsomeexercisesorlowcardioactionaction(有氧运动）.Cardiohelpsourimmunitiestostayinshapeandtravelingcanbeabitdangerousonthatfront.Thereisalotofwaitingaround,sotakethatlittleextratimetojoginplaceorrun.

PackVitamins

Thisisaneasyonetoforget.Asalastminutecheck,packsomevitaminsyounearlytakeathome.Justbecausetravelingdoesn’tmeanyougetabackseattowhenitcomestotheflu.___21___

A．Isthereanythingtobedone

B．Movementkeepsyouhealthy.

C．Swimmingisagoodkindofexercise.

D．Don’ttaketoomanythingswhiletraveling.

E．Butthevitaminsyoutakewillbehelpfultoyourcold.

F．Andrographispaniculata(穿心莲)hasbeenknowntotreatbacterialinfections.

G．Beforetraveling,ifsymptomsstarttoshow,postponetravelingifpossible.

三、完形填空（共30分）

WhenIwas25yearsold,Ihadabigdreaminmymindandlotsofthingsinmybackpack.IwantedtotravelaroundAfricawithmy___22___SoIleftmyhometownwithgreatconfidenceand___23___inCapeTownonaone-wayticket,notreally___24___whattodonext.Luckily,beforemytripactuallystarted,Imetakind,oldNigerianman.Hegavemethebesttravel___25___Ieverreceived:“Belikeastudentonyourwayaroundtheworld.”

Itsounds___26___,butitreallychangedmymindabouttravelling.Hehelpedmerealizethattravelisaboutlearningandobservingdifferent___27___“It’sfartoeasytogointo___28___countryforyouandbelieveyourwaysarebetter.Butifyoustudy,askquestions,and___29___tolearnfromthelocals,you’llhavefarricherexperience,”hepromisedme.

Onothertrips___30___IwasonmytourwaytoCancun,Ididn’tknowthemansoIwasjustatourist.Ionlystayedthereforaweektoseethe___31___andplacesofinterestandthenleft.Theculturedidn’t___32___me.Ileftthecitiesandtownswithoutreally___33___anyoneoranything.ThosepeopleandthingsexistedinthoseveryplacestowhichIhad___34___avisit.

Thistime,IpromisedmyselfthatIwouldbea___35___studenttraveller.Aftersevenmonthsof___36___travellingfromCapeTowntoCairo,Ireturnedhome.Havingastudent-likeattitudehelpedmelearnalot.Thistripsatisfiedmemorethananyothertripeverdidtome.

22．A．friendB．petC．backpackD．family

23．A．continuedB．stoppedC．dancedD．arrived

24．A．sureB．excitedC．afraidD．concerned

25．A．knowledgeB．feelingC．adviceD．reason

26．A．simpleB．funnyC．boringD．foolish

27．A．culturesB．eventsC．placesD．backgrounds

28．A．strangeB．magicC．newD．interesting

29．A．acceptB．tryC．decideD．forget

30．A．sinceB．whereC．whenD．before

31．A．pictureB．sightsC．showD．mountain

32．A．inspireB．changeC．helpD．influence

33．A．refusingB．encouragingC．knowingD．teaching

34．A．wantedB．paidC．organizedD．broken

35．A．beautifulB．proudC．realD．wise

36．A．difficultB．successfulC．commonD．challenging

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文（共15分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式

Positivethinkingdoesnotmeanyouhavetofindeveryideaabsolutelywonderful.Itdoesmeanyouhavetobereadytoexplore____37____ideaandtotryandbringoutwhatevergoodfeaturesithas.Thenextstepmightbetofindthe____38____(weak)intheideaandtotryandstrengthenthem,ratherthanusethem____39____(simple)asanexcuseforrejectingthewholeidea.Finally,aftertheideahasbeenexplored,itmaynot____40____(use),becausethereisa____41____(good)oneorbecause,itisgoodbutnot____42____(suit).Thereisnothingwrongwithbeingpositiveaboutanideaatfirstandthenrejectingit____43____(late),whenyouseethatitwon'twork.

___44___iseasytobenegativeandcriticalandtoomuchtalentiswastedinnegativethinking.Itistimethatwe____45____(show)lessrespectforthiskindofdestructivethinkingandfocused____46____positivethinkingmore.Soremembertothinkpositively.

五、邀请信（共15分）

47．假定你是李华，你校为了弘扬中国传统文化，成立了太极（TaiChi）俱乐部。你准备邀请米国留学生Jackie参加，因为他非常喜欢太极拳（TaiChi）。请你根据以下要点写一封信，邀请她加入：

1.介绍俱乐部的主要活动（共同训练、参加比赛等）；

2.加入俱乐部的好处（强身健体、结交朋友、了解中国文化等）；

3.表达愿望（希望参加）。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

DearJackie，

LearningthatourschoolhasformedaTaiChiclub,I’dliketoinviteyoutojoinin.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Lookingforwardtoyourreply.

Yours,

LiHua

六、读后续写（共20分）

48．阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

Itallstartedwhenmydadbroughthomeaverybigsurprise—whichwasactuallyaverylittlesurprise."Ta-da!"heannouncedpullingasheetoffacage,magician-style."MeetMr.Nibbles!"

"Ahamster(仓鼠)!"Icheered.

"He'ssocute,"saidTex."Hello,Mr.Nibbles,Ialreadyloveyousomuch."Texwhispered.

Seeinghowwereacted,dadsmiled,"Well,congratulations,Mr.Nibbles.Youhavefoundyourselfanewhome!"

Ittookafewweeksforourfuzzy(毛茸茸的)friendtogetcomfortable.Atfirsthepoked(探出)hisheadoutofhiscageonlytotakeasipofwaterandfillhischeekswithfood.Butoncehegotsettledin,hewashappyandplayful.Hesometimesslidawayfromthecage,andevenbeggedforfood,makingahissing(嘶嘶声的)soundasifsayingthanks.HavingMr.Nibble'saroundmadeoursummermuchmorefun.

Beforeweknewit,itwastimetogobacktoschool.IwasexcitedtoseefriendsIhadn'tseeninareallylongtime,but,tobehonest,Iwasalsonervousaboutallthenewstuff.That'swhyImadesureIwasextraprepared.Myplanwastowakeupearly,putonmycarefullylaid-outclothes,eatmycarefullychosenbreakfast,andplacemythought-outlunchinmycarefullyarrangedbackpack.ThenI'dridemycarefullycleanedbiketoschoolandentermybrand-newclassroom.Hopefully,preparingaheadoftimecouldmakemefeelcalmergoingintotheback-to-schoolday!

Everythingwentaccordingtoplan—until,well,itdidn'tMynewteacher,Mr.Jax,whoseemedveryserious,startedoutbygoingovertheclassrules.Thenheaskedeachofustosayaquicksomethingaboutoursummervacation.Mostkidsseemedprettyshyafterbeingapartforawhileandsaidonlyafewwords.Soonitwouldbemyturn.

注意：

1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；

3.续写部分分为两段。每段的开头语已为你写好；

4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

Paragraph1:

SuddenlyIheardafamiliarhissingsoundcomingfrommybackpack.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph2:

Noweverybodywaslookingatme.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

英语月考答案解析：

1．D2．D3．B

【解析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了一些在亚洲和欧洲的骑行旅行，以及每个行程的时间和特色。

1．细节理解题。根据CyclingtheBalkans部分的TheBalkansoffersamixofbeautifulcountryside,fast-developingcitiesandhistorictowns.可知，Balkans有美丽的乡村，快速发展的城市和历史悠久的城镇。即，Balkans的特别之处是它把历史和现代的结合在一起。D.Itcombineshistoryandthepresent.(它把历史和现代结合在一起)符合以上说法，故选D项。

2．细节理解题。根据Self-GuidedCyclingintheDouroValley部分的ThiscyclingholidayintheDouroValleywillmakeyoufamiliarwithmagicalsurroundings,deliciouscuisineandsomeoftheworld'sfinestwines.(在DouroValley的骑行上，你会熟悉神奇的景色、享受美味的菜肴和学到一些世界上最好的葡萄酒的知识。)可知，在DouroValley骑行上，你会获得葡萄酒的知识。D.Acquireknowledgeofwines.(获得葡萄酒的知识)符合以上说法，故选D项。

3．推理判断题。根据CyclingtheItalianandSwissLakes部分的TheVilladelBalbianellowithitsbeautifulItaliangardensmaylookfamiliar,havingbeenseenininternationalmoviessuchasBond'sCasinoRoyale.(拥有美丽的意大利花园的delBalbianello别墅可能看起来很熟悉，因为它曾在邦德等国际电影中出现过)可知，delBalbianello别墅在一些著名的电影中出现过。由此推测，CyclingtheItalianandSwissLakes对电影爱好者有吸引力。B.CyclingtheItalianandSwissLakes.符合以上说法，故选B项。

4．B5．C6．C7．B8．D

【解析】这是一篇记叙文，本文主要讲述了做志愿服务时的感人经历，这些经历使成为一个乐于奉献、懂得感恩的人，认为我们在给与别人帮助的同时也在成就自我。

4．推理判断题。根据第一段内容，结合本段首句“MynameisJaimicEckertandI’vebeenintovolunteerworksincechildhood.(我叫JaimicEckert，我从小就从事志愿者工作。)”第一段讲述了从小到大都在做志愿服务，下文具体讲述了的两次志愿服务经历，所以本段旨在引入“志愿服务”的话题。故选B项。

5．主旨大意题。根据第二段内容，结合第二句“Mostofthetime,youdofeelthatyou’remakingadifference.(大多数时候，你确实感觉到你正在对别人产生影响。)”可知，本段主要通过一个事例讲述志愿服务以某种方式影响人们。故选C项。

6．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Itbreaksmyhearttorememberthisoldladybeamingwithjoyforsuchsmalleffortsthatwemade.Sometimes,volunteerworkisfulfillingnotbecauseoftheactualjobyougetdone,butbecauseofhowyourpresenceimpactsthepeoplearoundyou.(想起我们的小小努力却让老人喜笑颜开，真让我伤心。有时候，志愿者工作让人感到充实并不是因为你完成了实际的工作，而是因为你的出现对你周围的人产生了影响。)”可知，老人是因为我们的出现和帮助而感到高兴。故选C项。

7．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Volunteeringmakesmeabetterpersonbecauseitgetsmeoutsideofmyself.Itputsmyfocusonothers.ItmakesmegratefulforwhatIhave.(志愿工作让我成为一个更好的人，因为它让我摆脱了自我。这会让我把注意力放在别人身上。这让我对我所拥有的充满感激。)”可知，文章传达了志愿服务对于的意义。故选B项。

8．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Iwouldn’tdoitifIdidn’tenjoyit(如果我不喜欢它，我就不会去做)”及最后一段中“Volunteeringmakesmeabetterperson(志愿工作让我成为一个更好的人)”可知，对于志愿服务的态度是积极的。故选D项。

9．D10．A11．D12．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。奥地利科学家研究发现，用真菌制成的皮革在实用性和可持续性方面表现得非常好。

9．推理判断题。根据第二段“Previously,therewasn’tmuchresearchtosupporttheirclaims.ButastudypublishedbyDr.AlexanderBismarck,amaterialsscientistattheUniversityofVienna,andhiscolleagueslastweekinNatureSustainabilityfindsthatfungalleatherworksquitewellwhenitcomestousefulnessandsustainability.”(在此之前，并没有太多的研究来支持他们的说法。但是维也纳大学的材料科学家AlexanderBismarck博士和他的同事上周在《自然可持续性》杂志上发表的一项研究发现，真菌皮革在实用性和可持续性方面表现得非常好。)可知，这项研究的主要目的应该是评估真菌皮革的性能。故选D。

10．细节理解题。根据第三段“Insteadit’smadefromamatofmycelium,thethreadlikerootnetworksfromwhichfruitingbodiesspringupafterrain”(相反，它是由菌丝制成的，菌丝是一种线状的根系网络，雨后子实体就是从这些根系网络中长出来的)可知，菌丝用于生产真菌皮革。故选A。

11．细节理解题。根据第四段“sothere’snorealenergyrequirement”(所以没有真正的能量需求)可知，真菌皮革的优点之一是制作过程中节省能量。故选D。

12．推理判断题。根据最后一段“ButDr.Jonesbelievesthatthecostsarelikelytodropastheindustrygrows”(但琼斯博士认为，随着工业的发展，成本可能会下降)可知，Dr.Jones认为，因为现在大规模栽培菌类的技术比较成熟，所以真菌皮革的成本很有可能降下来，这样真菌皮革的价格也会随之下降。故选B。

13．C14．C15．D16．B

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一项研究表明，锻炼时听音乐可以提高运动耐力。介绍了这项研究的过程，以及研究结果证实了跑步者和健身爱好者多年来的怀疑：在锻炼时听音乐对你的耐力有好处。

13．推理判断题。根据第一段Ifyou'reoutforarun,whatdifferencedoesitmakeifyou'reabletotoughitoutforanother50secondsIfyou'relessthanaminutefromthetopofthehill,thatextratimecanmakethedifferencebetweenhavingreachedyourgoalandsnatchingdefeatfromthejawsofvictory.(如果你出去跑步，如果你能够再坚持50秒，会产生什么样的影响呢？如果你距离山顶不到一分钟，那么这段额外的时间就可以在你达到目标和从胜利的边缘抢夺失败之间做出不同的决定)可知对于运动员来说，最后的一分钟决定着成与败。以及第二段中HowdoyougetthoseextrasecondsofenergyAresearchteamattheTexesTechUniversitydevelopedastudytomeasurewhateffectlisteningtomusicwouldhaveonexercisetolerance.可知如何获得这些额外的能量？德克萨斯理工大学的一个研究小组开展了一项研究，以衡量听音乐对锻炼耐力的影响。由此推断，Shami的小组进行该研究的目的是怎样提高运动耐力。故选C。

14．细节理解题。根据第四段第一句Thegroupthatlistenedtomusicwasabletooutlastthenon-musicgroupbyanaverageof50.6seconds.可知听音乐的那一组比不听音乐的那一组平均多坚持了50.6秒。由此可知，音乐对测试者的运动耐力有一定影响，听音乐可以使他们坚持更长时间。故选C。

15．词义猜测题。根据下文but“after30minutes,youfeellikeyouarerunningupamountain,soevenbeingabletogo50secondslongermeansalot可知但是30钟后你感觉自己好像在爬山，所以即使能多跑50秒也意义重大。由此推断，but表示转折，说明上文的意思是能够多跑一分钟，一开始好像是很容易的练习，但是三十分钟后就像在爬山一样累。故划线词意思为“容易的练习”。故选D。

16．推理判断题。根据最后一段中"Ourfindingsreinforcetheideathatupbeatmusiccanhelpyouexerciselongerandstickwithadailyexerciseroutine,"saidShami."Whendoctorsarerecommendingexercise,theymightsuggestlisteningtomusic,too."可知Shami说：“我们的研究结果证实了这样一个观点，即欢快的音乐可以帮助你锻炼的时间更长，并能坚持日常锻炼。当医生建议锻炼时，他们可能也会建议听音乐。”由此可推知，Shami建议我们锻炼时听音乐。故选B。

17．A18．F19．G20．B21．E

【解析】这是一篇说明文。旅行中总是会有一些小病痛，文章主要对此提出了一些建议。

17．空前提到“旅行总是和疾病相伴随”，并举例“有多少次你在路上或飞机上三天之内流感就来敲门了”；A项“有什么能做的事情吗？”与空后一句“Waystoprevent(防止的方法？)”承接上文，针对上文的状况提出问题，引出下文的解决方法，所以A项符合语境。故选A项。

18．空后一句“药草可以对呼吸道感染的人提高免疫力”是讲述药草的作用，根据此句中的关键词“too”可知，空处应是也讲述了药草的作用，所以F项“穿心莲以治疗细菌感染而被熟知”切题，故选F项。

19．本段小标题是“DoNotIgnoreSymptoms(不要忽视症状)”，G项中“symptoms”与主题呼应，且G项“旅行前如果出现症状，如果可能的话就延期旅行”与下一句“这种苦涩的香草可以让你免遭几天之苦”衔接自然。故选G项。

20．本空是段落小标题，根据本段内容尤其是第一句“Walkingaroundthecity,running,orexerciseofsomesortwillhelpfightofftravelillnesses.”可知，本段主要是讲运动，所以B项“运动使你保持健康”切题。故选B项。

21．本段小标题是“打包一些维生素”，E项中的“vitamins”与标题句呼应，且E项中的“yourcold”与空前一句中的“theflu”呼应，所以E项切题。故选E项。

22．C23．D24．A25．C26．A27．A28．C29．B30．C31．B32．D33．C34．B35．C36．B

【解析】本文是夹叙夹议文，讲述了在环游非洲的旅途中遇到一位老人后改变了自己对旅行的看法。

22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想背着背包环游非洲。A.friend朋友；B.pet宠物；C.backpack背包；D.family家人。根据文章第一句“Ihadabigdreaminmymindandlotsofthingsinmybackpack”可知，有一个梦想——背着行囊环游非洲。故选C。

23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我满怀信心地离开了家乡，坐着单程票来到开普敦。A.continued继续；B.stopped停止；C.danced跳舞；D.arrived达到。根据后文“inCapeTown”可知短语arrivein意为：到达。故选D。

24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我来到开普敦，但并不确定下一步该怎么办。A.sure肯定的；B.excited感到激动的；C.afraid害怕的；D.concerned关心的，担忧的。此时对旅途做些什么并没有自己的想法。故选A。

25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给了我最好的旅行建议：像一个学生一样去环游世界。A.knowledge知识；B.feeling感觉；C.advice建议；D.reason理由。根据下文“Belikeastudentonyourwayaroundtheworld.”可知，老人给了旅行的建议。故选C。

26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来很简单，但这确实改变了我对旅行的看法。A.simple简单的；B.funny滑稽的；C.boring令人厌烦的；D.foolish愚蠢的。解析可知“Belikeastudentonyourwayaroundtheworld.”这一是一条简单易懂的建议，故选A。

27．考查名词词义的辨析。句意：他帮助我认识到旅行就是学习和观察不同的文化。A.cultures文化；B.events事件，公开活动；C.places地方；D.backgrounds背景。根据下文“Theculturedidn’t___11___me.”可知此处指观察不同的文化。故选A。

28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：去到一个新的国家，相信你自己的方式更好，这太容易了。A.strange陌生的；B.magic有魔力的；C.new新的；D.interesting有趣的。从下文learnformthelocals可知，是到一个新的国家。故选C。

29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你学习、问问题并试图向当地人学习，你会拥有更加丰富多彩的体验。A.accept接受；B.try试图；C.decide决定；D.forget忘记。结合后文“tolearnfromthelocals”可知试图向当地人学习，短语trytodo表示“尝试……”。故选B。

30．考查连词词义辨析。句意：在其他的旅行中，当我去坎昆旅行的时候，我不认识这位老人。A.since自从；B.where在哪里；C.when当……时候；D.before在……之前。在去坎昆的旅途中还不认识那个老人，所以对旅游的意义还不清楚，引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”应用when。故选C。

31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只在那里呆了一个星期，看看风景和名胜古迹，然后就离开了。A.picture图画；B.sights风景；C.show表演；D.mountain山脉。结合后文“andplacesofinterestandthenleft”可知，旅游看看风景，游览名胜，是一般游客的目的。故选B。

32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：文化并没有对我产生影响。A.inspire激发，鼓舞；B.change改变；C.help帮助；D.influence影响。根据下文“Ileftthecitiesandtownswithoutreallyknowinganyoneoranything.我离开了城市和小镇，没有认识任何的人也没了解任何的事。”故当地的文化也没有影响到。故选D。

33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我离开了那些城市，却没有了解到任何人或任何事。A.refusing拒绝；B.encouraging鼓舞；C.knowing认识，了解；D.teaching教。根据上文“Ileftthecitiesandtownswithoutreally”可知，此时旅游，只是表面看看，没有了解旅游深层次的东西。故选C。

34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些人和东西就存在于我曾经去过的那些地方。A.wanted想；B.paid付款；C.organized组织；D.broken打破。根据“avisit.”可知，payavisit是一个固定短语，意为“访问；拜访”。故选B。

35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我向自己保证，我会成为一个真正的学生旅行者。A.beautiful美丽的；B.proud自豪的；C.real真正的；D.wise明智的。根据前文接受老人的建议——要像学生一样去环游世界再结合语境可知此处指要成为一个正真的学生旅行者。故选C。

36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在成功地从开普敦到开罗旅行了七