将来时的表达方式

Unit3TravelJournal(Grammar)——将来时的六种表达法will/shalldo(will可用于第一、二、三人称，shall只用于第一人称)这种将来意义常常夹杂着情态意义，即带有说话人的主观态度和看法。e.g.Youwillfailthetestifyoudon’tworkhard.有时既表示将来，也含有“意愿”或“意图”。e.g.Iwillmeetyouat6o’clock.在疑问句中will/shall还可用来征询听话人的“意图”。e.g.Willyoubeathomeatseventhisevening?---Willyoumarryme?---Yes,Iwill.begoingtodo表示“意图”，即打算在将来做某事。e.g.I’mgoingtoplaybasketballafterschool.Theyaregoingtomarrynextmonth.I’mgoingtobeadoctor.表示“预见”，即现在已有迹象表明要发生某种情况。e.g.Theskyissodark.It’sgoingtorain.will/shalldo和begoingtodo两者都可表示“意图”，有时两者可以互换使用。e.g.Iwon’ttellhimaboutit.=I’mnotgoingtotellhimaboutit.表示“意图”时，begoingtodo表示的“意图”通常是事先经过考虑的，而will/shalldo所表示的“意图”则是说话时临时想到的，因此在某些特定的语境中，两者不可互换使用。e.g.---I’mgoingtoplaybasketballafterschool.---Really?Iwillgowithyou.bedoing这一结构的主要意义是表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常用于表示位置转移的动词，如：go,come,leave,start,arrive等，也可用于其它动态动词。e.g.Theplaneistakingoffat5:30.Howareyougoingthere byairorbytrain?begoingtodo和bedoing(1)begoingtodo和bedoing都可表示决定要做某事，两者在某些语境中可以互换使用。e.g.Wearehavingfishforsupper.=Wearegoingtohavefishforsupper.Weareleavingsoon.=Wearegoingtoleavesoon.<1>I’mtakingmystudentstotheparkonnextSunday.=I’mgoingtotakemystudentstotheparkonnextSunday.(2)如果动词为come或go,在表示将来时，常用bedoing结构。e.g.We’regoingtoShanghainextweek.(to是介词)betodo表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常见于报纸和广播，用以宣布官方的计划或决定。e.g.TheQueenistovisitVietnamnextmonth.表示命令、禁止(否定式)等。e.g.Sinceyou’vedonesomethingwrong,youaretostandhere.Ifyouarelate,youaretostandoutsidethedoor.Tellherthatsheisnottobebacklate.bedoing和betodo都可以表示按计划、安排将要发生的事态，两者常常可互换，但betodo较常用于正式语体。beabouttodo刚要做某事，正要做某事。表示非常近的将来，不与表将来的时间副词连用。e.g.Heisabouttoleave.注意：不可以说Heisabouttoleavetomorrow.beabouttodo...when...:正要做 ，这时 e.g.Hewasabouttostartwhenitrained.Iwasabouttolockthedoorwhenthetelephonerang.一般现在时用一般现在时表将来时间，常见于条件状语从句和时间状语从句中。e.g.I’lltellheraboutitifshecomes.I’llgiveittoyouafterIreturn.I’llcallyouassoonasIarrive.在主句中用一般现在时表示将来时间通常指按照时间表或既定日程一定会发生的将来事态。e.g.TomorrowisSunday.Sheretiresnextyear.Whendoyoutakeyournextexam?一般现在时表将来时间所暗示的计划比较客观，因而更具有不可变易性，而且一般现在时表将来时间在口气上也比较正式。<2>Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasefastenyourseatbelts.Theplane.（2006全国高考题）A.takesoff B.istakingoffC.hastakenoff D.tookoff—Areyoustillbusy?（2005年浙江卷）—Yes,Imywork,anditwon’ttakelong.A.justfinish B.amjustfinishingC.havejustfinishedD.amjustgoingtofinish—Whatwouldyoudoifittomorrow?（2005全国高考题）—Wehavetocarryiton,sincewe’vegoteverythingready.A.rainB.rains C.willrain D.israining---DidyoutellJuliaabouttheresult?---Oh,no,Iforgot.Ihernow.（2005全国III）A.willbecallingB.willcallC.callD.amtocallSinceIwonthebigprize,mytelephonehasn'tstoppedringing.PeopletoaskhowIamgoingtospendthemoney.（2005湖南卷）A.phoneB.willphoneC.werephoningIwillvisityouifFatherme.A.let B. letsLookout!Thattreefalldown.A.isgoingto B. willbeD.arephoningC.islettingD.willletC.shallD.wouldMyuncletoseeme.He'llbeheresoon.A.comes B. iscoming"Whenschoolbegin?""NextMonday."A.has B.doesC.hadcomeD.cameC.didD.isgoingtoEverytimeIthere,Iwillbuyhimsomethingnice.D.havegoneA.went B.willgo C.goD.havegoneWewon'tgounlessyousoon.D.comeA.hadcome B.came C.willcomeD.comeTheairlinerfromBeijingat3:00p.m.A.isabouttoarrive B.hasarrivedC.arrives D.isgoingtoarriveIdon'tknowwhenhe,butwhenhe,I'llletyouknow.A.willcome/comesB.comes/willcomeC.comes/comes D.willcome/willcome---DidyouwritetoGracelastsummer?---No,butI'llheroverChristmasvacation.A.beseenB.haveseenC.beseeingD.tosee---I’mgoingtotheStates?---HowlongyouintheStates?A.are;stayed B.are;stayingC.have;stayed D.did;stayI’vewonaholidayfortwoweekstoFlorida.Imymum.A.amtaking B.havetakenC.take D.willhavetaken<3>Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytakebecausetechnologysorapidly.A.willchange B.haschangedC.willhavechanged D.ischanging---You,veleftthelighton.---Oh,Ihave.andturnitoff.A.Igo B.I’vegoneC.I’llgo D.I’mgoing---Isthisraincoatyours?.---No,minetherebehindthedoor.A.ishanging B.hashungC.hangs D.hung---Whafsthatterriblenoise?---Theneighboursforaparty.A.havepreparedB.arepreparingC.prepare D.willprepareBecausetheshop,alltheT-shirtsaresoldathalfprices.A.hascloseddownB.closeddownC.isclosingdownD.hadcloseddown---CanIjointheclub,Dad?---Youcanwhenyouabitold.A.getB.willgetC.aregettingD.willhavegotIfeelitisyourhusbandwhoforthespoiledchild.A.istoblame B.isgoingtoblameC.istobeblamedD.shouldblameAtthistimetomorrow,overtheAtlantic.A.we’regoingtoflyB.we’llbeflyingC.we’llfly D.we’retofly---Areyoustillbusy?---Yes,Imywork,anditwon’ttakelong.A.justfinish B.amjustfinishingC.havejustfinished D.amjustgoingtofinish---DidyoutellJuliaabouttheresult?---Oh,no,Iforgot.Ihernow.A.willbecallingB.willcallC.call D.amtocall---What