新东方雅思“强化精讲班”全部笔记整理

IELTSNOTESSectionOne----ReadingGeneralIntroduction:60minutes40items90s/item3passages1400~1500wordsperpassageActualTime:52minutes+5minutes+3minutes监考官会报时BestTime:50minutes形容词变化：uglyplain-lookinghomelyListofHeadingsPriority:1st破题点：1.主旨性（非细节性）例：”…..forexample…..”细节部分skip2.两段不会有同一个heading，把例子项排除Procedures:Passage’sTitle如何读？生词判断词性：名词记住拼写动词拼写、变形形容词、副词skipInstruction不用找标题的段x掉“NB”是“特别注意”的意思DeletetheExampleReadParagraphs:Topicsentence演绎法（总分）归纳法（分总）读的顺序：第一句，最后一句，第二句注意第一句和第二句之间的转折关系（but,however,yet,nevertheless）Repeatedwords（实词）机械重复、代词重复（He,She……找出指代的人）、回环结构（首尾呼应）Indicativewords“inaword…..”标名词，与题目、文章对应表归纳：inaword,insummary,inshort,inbrief表结果：asaresult,so,consequently,therefore,hence,thus,finally,eventually,intheend,atlast,inconsequence段尾：this,that,those,theseNumbers（数字多的时候才用，一般用于科技说明文）找出数字与什么有关系Story主旨在开头或结尾Skipskills:见到”study””research”等skipto“that”“despite”skipto“,”helping“份”offering“祭品”若一词可作动词或名词，则加ing后可能意义改变chronic反义acute，invariably=always，nutritionaltable营养表overwork超量工作&workaholic工作狂贬义Religions:Buddhism佛教，Christianity基督教（adj.Christine，问的时候：AreyouChristine?），Catholic天主教（adj.&n.），Islamism伊斯兰教Thankyouforyourendowment.巨谢谢你（慎用，非常大程度）Thankyouinadvance提前谢谢你//forconcerning谢谢你的关心（一般用作挡箭牌）.audience（用耳朵听）的观众，spectator（用眼睛看）的观众Summary两篇文章的行文顺序一样语法性（判断空格中的词性和时态，ing,ed,s,v）1ststep有单词选项时优先考虑顺序性Procedures:Instructionwordnumberlimitwordsfromthepassage（完全一样，包括数字）where?Blanksgrammaranswernogrammarkeywords【阿拉伯数字、人名、地名（不变）、斜体（书名，写作文时用下划线表示）、大写、特殊符号（双引号、短横线）】Locationa,an,the可以用括号括起来，例如(a)setofbenchmarksSentenceCompletion破题点：1.语法性1st2.无序性differentfromsummaryTrue/False/NotGiven形式：YES,Yes,Y,TRUE,True,T是不一样的！！！！破题点：定位准keywords,listofheadings无序性比较准Benchmarks:True:只有题目中的语句与文章中的语句思想内容（方向，程度，范围）完全一致，才可以判定题目的答案为True。False:与文章中的内容完全相反文章中为A、B、C等几个的并列关系，题目中却出现了onlyA或A、B的结构文章中的结论成立有条件、范围的限制，题目中没有这些限制直接成立文章中为人们对某件事物的主观看法、感受或猜测，题目中转化为客观事实NotGiven:文章中没有提及题目所讨论的内容keywordmissing题目将文章所这几的事物更加细节化，从而无从考证（someofficials200officials）文章中提及若干事物，但没有做出比较，题目中对这些事物进行了比较，从未无法考证（文章中说A19岁，B20岁，题目说A比B小这种情况例外，数字比较要慎重）（后现代主义绝招：不够时间时，凡是题目中有比较的，都写NG不建议的绝招）文章中为人的目标、目的、愿望、誓言等的内容，在题目中成为了现实表目标：aim,object,objective,goal,aimat表目的：purpose,motive,intention表愿望：hope,wish,desire,dream表誓言：swear,pledge,vow,promise文章中句子的主语或宾语被其它词语代替，从而无法考证Procedures：Sentencekeywordlocatequestionword【比较级、最高级；表示比较关系的结构（as..as,equalto,equivalent）；数字的精确度；范围的词语（all,both,every,only）；谓语动词】Locationnon-existentNGexistprocedure3Compareusingbenchmarksaboveamatch-maker媒婆well-matchedcouple好配的夫妻不能把试卷撕下来！！！！！self-sufficient自给自足self-contained自成一体388threedoubleeight//threedualeightDualist二重唱歌手dualemploymentfamily双职工家庭（注意：dual后面的名词用单数；double后面用复数）WorldHeritageSite世界遗址病的几种讲法：Illness总称sicknesssicknessleave病假；you’resosick你很恶心disease具体某种病disorder紊乱，失调complainDoyouhaveanycomplain?你有没哪里不舒服？MultipleChoice破题点：排除法（排除同义选项）；利用选项定位multiplechoice的choice不加s，一般情况下，正确选项为一项，若要选择多项，则题目会用大写字母说明要选择多少项与阅读原文文字完全温和的选项往往都不是正确选项选项中有“alloftheabove”选项的，到文章中找并列结构的地方（可找“…，…，…”“1、2、3、”）选项中有dollars字样的，可到文章中找这个符号：$Matching形式：ABCD1234567；无序性！破题点：小集合定位（先在文章中全部圈出，然后把大集合的题目读一下）大集合配尽（小集合不一定用尽）如果一个项在文章中出现很多次，就知道文章是说那个项的，因此就先做别的项，最后没有选到的就是那个项的选项可以一次也不用，也可以用无数次除了这题，其余的题目的选项都不可以用两次Table破题点：直接定位；语法平行（表格中）ShortAnswer直接定位（问什么找什么）；答案精确数字后面必须加单位（符号单位不算字数）阅读中的答案单位必须按原文，听力中kg与kilograms一样（全称时注意复数）答案不需要大写字母，专有名词除外答案要满足字数要求答案中的冠词a、an、the可以加括号，不算字数注意答案的语法，与题目提问词对应（例如：用what问，答案则应该是n.或者n.-clause）如果原文中有carbondioxide和CO2则答案可以写CO2FlowChart破题点：顺序性；集中性（答案可能集中在一个段落或者邻近的某几个段落）只有flowchart和summary的答案出现顺序与原文一样考场上的做题顺序：（全文共scan三次）读第一次时，做listofheadings（没有listofheadings的也要先略读一次全文，划出各段中心句或者中心词，知道各段讲什么）读第二次时，做T/F/NG，summary，sentencecompletion读第三次时，做matching，table，flowchart，shortanswer，multiplechoice一口气把某类型的全部题目都读完再去找关键字会提高效率自己复习的时候：1、词汇表；2、复习所有题目（一次一种）；3、剑5剑6Section2----SpeakingPronunciationaccurate,slowly,pause,stressVocabularyaccurate,varietyGrammaraccurate,varietyOrganization多层次（好的，坏的）广交会GuangzhouTradeFair经济、生活、行业类话题可以用下面两种分类方法：工、农、学、商manufacturing,agriculture,education,trading,commerce衣、食、住、行clothing,food,realestate,automobile说话的时候，尽量不要轻易用because把自己塞住，多elaborate，将what、why贯穿于答案中Travellongdistancewater,sea//land//air//railshortdistanceprivatetransport,publictransport地上：bus(numbersofbuses,waitingtime,fare,comfortable,specialprioritylanes,overtakesmallcars),taxi地下：underground,subway可以以自己的体验（例如一次乘车的旅程）作为逻辑线思考Inwhatway?inmanywaysin“termsof”举例不过三，用etc.工作相关：mainlyresponsibleto,anotherdutyIhaveis…听不清楚考官题目时：Ibegyourpardon?//Couldyourephrasethequestion?//……..x?xx?xxx?growthrougherrors/mist要让思维附着在某处联想Why?well,there’remanyreasons….//I….forseveralreasons…Yaohaslenthisnameto…non-commercialtocivilizetheChineseYaoisthespokesmanfor…//representcommercial举考官听不懂的例子时要解释：JayChou,alocalsinger,maybeyou’renotfamiliarwithhim.四种思维模式：固定思维；抓keywords；图形化思维（例如：讲跟人有关系的，可以用考官的五官来思考，也叫五官法）；由一个点引申Beingfamousmaterialisticbenefits/satisfactionhealth//衣食住行(adv.+-ed)spiritualsatisfactionselfconfidence/satisfactionsloved/respectedbypeoplearoundyougainsocialrecognitionparents/friendsbeproudofyouDisadvantages:bethetargetofcrimepeoplearoundyouwanttotakeadvantageofyoulotsofpressurepeoplearoundyoubecuriousaboutyou,youwillloseprivacy有用的搭配：adv.+v.-ed例如：highlypriced,beautifuldecorated,wellmade,luxuriousdecoratedGotoadecent/beautifully-decoratedrestaurant,ordersomedelicious/gorgeousfood,haveaverynicechatwith..,reallyenjoy/besttimeoftheday/alotoffun/givemealotofjoy.Cryingdoesn’thelp,whynotsmile.Ordinarypeoplejob(usedto…//but…)age(look…but…)body(weighoverweight,medium-weight,under-weight,description)facepersonality(givemetheimpressionofbeing…indeed…举例支持)influence(foronething//foranother)sb.Hashadamajorinfluenceonme,asamatteroffact,xxhastaughtmeaboutthemostimportantthingsinlife.Foronething…liveahealthylifestyle,foranother…beoptimistic/xxattitudetowards…,getthroughlotsofhardships.形容人的：hasabrilliantbrain/idea//quick-minded//well-mannered，weighmorethan…形容某人善于聆听：sb.’sdoorisalwaysopentoyouridea/advice/suggestion/critizismgenuine真的，trait特征，keytrait重要特征答题时可分mostpeoplethink和Ithink作为两条线索现场原则——尽量用现场的tips不同的程度todifferentdegree文化、生活、变化diversified；政治、变化transparentMediachangeinthepast20years:Kindsofmediadiversifiedmoretransparentforeignerthink/Ithinkcorruption,bribery,lowefficiencyofgovernmentauthenticityofmediadependonwhatkindsofmediainternet,magazineorCCTV&politicsoreconomics勇敢用中文描述你根本不知道英文的东西，然后再用英文explain勇敢重复题目，让自己明白题目意思勇敢用自己做例子Letmeusemyselfasanexample(IELTS6P32PART3LASTQUESTION)governmentduty(benefitforsociety)alargeamountofmoneyinvestmentbringsprofitsSport:时间：XXisthebesttimefor…地点：XXhasnostrictdemandfor…place人物：doitalone//joinagroupoffriends//eitherwayiscool事情：hasnostrictrules//isflexible结论：physically:agoodwayof(keepinghealth/bodybuilding)mentally:refreshingSection2-1----Jacob’sspeakingSelfintroduction:Name:mynameis…a.k.a.…//…alsoknownas…//I’ma…bythenameof…Age:I’mcurrently20yearsold.nearly20yearsofage.inmyearly-20’s/mid-20’s/late20-ish/25-ish（整十或整五的时候可以用ish表示左右，数字、颜色等都可以）I’mamajor//oflegalage.I’maminor.Occupation:Istudyat…majorin…I’mafuul-timestudentat…andImajorin…Iwillcomplete…BCin12-monthsHobbies:Ienjoy…//takepleasurein…//adore…Origins(hometown):Icomefrom…//myhometownis…,ametropolislocatedin…//Iwasbornandraisedin…settlein…Someethnicities:aCBC:ChineseborninCanadaaporkchop:猪扒afrog:Frenchpeoplealatina（女）/latino（男）:Spanishpeopleacaucasion:whitepeopleaFOB:freshofftheboatagino:ItalianpeopleIdioms&slangs:After10-yearsofhardwork,I’mstillinthered.(thesituationofowingmoney)After10-yearsofhardwork,I’mfinallyintheblack.(thesituationofnotowingmoney)Hangingoutatnightmademywifeseered.(tobeveryangry/tohittheroof/tobepissed)Chilling(means:hangingout)atnightpissedmybitchoff.(youbitch&you’reabitch不同)Paintingthetownredgotmybooangry.(蒲)Ifeltsoblueaftergettingditchedbyher.Ifeltsocrappyaftergettingditchedbyher.ShewasatalossofwordswhenIbustedintearsoutoftheblues.(suddenly)femaleprostitute=hooker=whoreducksoup=pieceofcake//duck蹲下He’llprovehe’snotyellow/gutless/chicken.胆小Howdoeshekeephimselfinthepink?//ingoodhealth?Howcanmanbeengagedinpink-collarjobs?(女性工作)begreenwithenvybeenviousofsb.褒义bejealousofsb.贬义Brown-baggingisaneffectivewaytosavemoney.(自己带饭盒到学校吃)Canyouputtherestintoadoggybag?(外带饭盒)Comeon!Toast!Oneshot!(一次饮晒)Don’tmisstheboat!It’saone-shotoffer!(只此一次的机会)We’relikebrosbecausewealwaysseeeyetoeye.(havethesameopinion)Don’tshitonme!(blameonme)Ittakestwototango!(一个巴掌打不响)Iwanttodojobno.1/no.2(小便/大便).beoftwomindsindecisive,facingadilemmaHewaslikeadogwithtwotails.很开心Idon’tevenhavetwopenniestorubtogether.(没钱)I’mbroke.(现在没钱)I’monlyatwo-bitteacher,asmallpotato.(小人物)bigcheese大人物Whatatwo-facedprick!Whatahypocrite!(伪君子)It’sathree-ringcircusinhere!这里很嘈That’sthe64,000dollarquestion!所有人都想知道的问题Thatfour-eyesturnsmeon!那个四眼让我很兴奋turnmeoff让我很不兴奋Welldone!Highfive!=givemefive!Keepeatingfive-alarmfood(spicyfood),andyouwillhavepimplesonyourface.Okguys,takefive.(takeabreak)Touchherandyou’llbesixfeetunder!(die)Itreallyknockedmeforsixto….(shockme)Seven-yearitch七年之痒Theirrelationshipwon’tlastlong,it’sjustaseven-daywonder.(三分钟热度)Bedressedtothenines.穿得很正式Ninetimesoutoften=oftenIt’sabouttheBenjamins.=it’saboutthemoney.Nomoneynohoney.=Nomoneynotalk.(前者才是标准)Tentooneyou’llnevergetthisjob.(probably)Keepthatunderwraps.//inthedark不要公开那个BMW=bus+metro+walkDon’taskforthemoon!别要求太高Thanksamillion/abunch!非常感谢You’reoneinamillion=you’resospecial.Apenny=1-centcoinAnickel=5-centcoinAdime=10-centcoinAquarter=25-centcoinAloonie=1dollarAtoonie=2dollarsLoveletter=sugarreportCostmeanarmandaleg.好贵//peanuts好便Layitontheline.=tellmethetruthTobuttin=tocutinaline=toqueueupZipit=shutupWantbeef?=wanttrouble?Youbet!=you’rerightBeatsme!=searchme!=Idon’tknow.Importantfacets:Appropriatespeed,pitch,andvolumeofvoiceConfidentbehaviorDirecteyecontactAppropriatepostureCourteousfacialexpressionAsmileSection3----ListeningTime:30mins+10mins7分31~35题；8分36~38题四六级归纳总结推理所听非所答雅思细节所听即所答IELTSlisteningfeatures:1、国际口音；2、四段叙述；3、边听边做；4、题型多样国际口音：英音50%，美音20%，澳音20%，其他10%四段叙述：每段6min左右，750~800字/段，section1、3一般是conversation，section2、4一般是lecture边听边做：需要极强的速读能力，手眼耳并用题型多样：表格、问答、选择、填空、地图、图画、搭配听力立体训练法：见笔记P60场景总结：租房场景：租房v.rent,lease,let房东landlord,landlady房客tenant,lodger,boarder房子类型学校宿舍dormitory,schoolresidence住家homestay公寓flat别墅house,villa一间房的公寓studio青年旅馆youthhostel汽车旅馆motel包含早餐的旅馆B&B地理位置市中心centre,centralarea,downtownarea城市city,urban郊区suburb(也可表示地铁),countryside,outskirt农村ruralarea房子整体状况是否装修decoration/newlydecorated有无家具设备furnished/unfurnished电electricity淋浴shower中央空调/取暖centralair-conditioning/heating暖气radiator/heater房间类型：客厅sittingroom/lounge单人/双/三人房singleroom/doubleroom（双人床）/twinroom（两张单人床）/tripleroom/double-bedroom坐、卧两用bedsittingroom大厅、门厅entrancehall/lobby/porch小厨房kitchenette（-ette表示小）阳台balcony家用电器（householdappliance）：电视TV/cableTV电视许可证TVlicense电冰箱refrigerator/fridge炉子stove电磁炉electricstove微波炉micro-waveoven烤箱grill/oven吸尘器vacuumcleaner音响stereo宽带broadband家庭用具（utensil）地毯carpet台灯lamp(bulb灯泡)碗橱cupboard五斗橱chestofdrawer大衣橱wardrobe扫把broom拖把mop抹布duster/cleaningrag床上用品（bedpack/facility）上下铺double-decked/bunkbed/double-decker（也指双层巴士）床垫mattress床单sheet/bedlinen床罩spread靠垫cushion被子quilt枕头pillow毛巾towel毯子blanket个人信息表格：人名：姓familyname/lastname/surname名givenname/firstname/forename曾用名othername中间名缩写middleinitial字母大小写capital/smallMacDonald的拼法：maccapitaldsmallonald某人的：sam’s的拼法：samapostrophes电话号码：0的读法：zero,oh,naught,nil,null,nothing862087686160读的原则：86pause20pause8768pause6160七位电话的读法：123pause4567两个或三个字母重复会用：double,dual,triple（注意连读现象）性别gender/sex地址avenue/laneWeight:gram,kilogram,ounce,poundHeight:meter,centimeter,inch,foot(feet)国籍（nationality）填相应国家的形容词KoreaKoreanSpainSpanishPolandPolishDenmarkDanishFinlandFinishSwedenSwedishGreeceGreekNorwayNorwegianIrelandIrishPortugalSwitzerlandSwissPhilippinesPhilippineHolland(Netherlands)MalaysiaMalaysianThailandThaiScotlandScottishTurkeyTurkish教育程度：高等教育highereducation证书certificate文凭diploma学位degree高中生Alevel本科生undergraduate研究生postgraduate本科毕业生graduatestudent硕士master博士Ph.D职业教育vocationaleducation培训training初中secondaryeducation工作经验workingexperience岗位position工作年限yearofexperience课程名称总结：History,Geography,Language,Biology,Physics,Chemistry,Politics,Mathematics,Law,Philosophy,Literature,Sociology,Medicine,Economics,Accounting,FinanceBanking,Engineering,CivilEngineering（土木工程）,Journalism（新闻学）,Mass-communication（大众传媒）,PhysicalScience,Agriculture,Astronomy,Linguistics（语言学）,Education,SocialSciences,BiochemistryGeometry（几何）,Algebra（代数），Psychology（心理学）,ElectronicEngineering,Anthropology（人类学）,BusinessAdministration,Architecture,Botany（植物学）,CommercialScience课程研究场景：研究research调查survey（民意）调查poll访谈interview假设hypothesis统计statistics调查investigate定性的qualitative解释interpretation调查问卷questionnaire被访谈的人respondents数据data有效的valid/validity定量的quantitative分析数据dataanalysis显著的差异significantdifference/different旅游场景：目的地：城市cities山区mountains沙漠deserts丘陵地带hillyareas沼泽地wetlands灌木丛bushland热带雨林tropicalrainforests旅游胜地resorts沿海地区coastalareas交通工具：公交publictransport渡船ferry地铁underground/subway/tube/metro私人交通privatetransport巡游rivercruise/boattrips费用和支付方式：订房间book/reservetheroom(makeareservation)货币currency日元JapaneseYen信用卡creditcard(VISA,MASTER)美国运通卡AmericanExpress旅行支票Traveler’sCheck/Cheque景点：温泉hotsprings经典游spotlighttour瀑布waterfalls城堡castle喷泉fountain活动：器械潜水scubadiving滑水waterskiing悬挂滑翔hanggliding水球waterpolo注意事项：刺痛人的东西stingers鲨鱼shark有毒水母boxjellyfish携带物品：大浴巾beachtowel步行靴walkingboots长裤longtrousers遮阳物sunscreen形容某人的特征：头发：灰色grey金棕色ginger（生姜）齐肩中长发shoulderlengthhair直发straighthair卷发curlyhair中波浪ripple大波浪wavy蓬松straggly单麻花辫pigtail马尾辫ponytail辫子plait板寸头spiky/sparkyhair刘海band/fringe发髻bun中分centerparting侧分sideparting修剪trim【例子：Ihaveaponytailwithaband.】身材：中等身材medium-built中等高度averageheight苗条的slender/slim矮壮、健壮结实的stocky肥重、强壮的stout衣服：衣服、服装clothes/clothing工作服jumper裤子（英）trousers牛仔服jeansT恤衫T-shirt短袖女士衬衫short-sleevedblouse粉红和白色的条纹裙pinkandwhitestripedskirt成衣ready-to-wear/ready-madeclothes短外衣夹克jacket女大衣coat皮大衣furcoat风衣dustcoat中长大衣three-quartercoat外衣garments/townclothes鞋子：靴子boots平跟鞋flatshoes凉鞋sandal高跟鞋high-heeledshoes厚底鞋thick-soledshoes硬底鞋black-soledshoes鞋底sole鞋带shoelace黑漆皮鞋patentleathershoes拖鞋、便鞋slippers帆布鞋canvasshoes/ropesoledshoes木拖鞋clog衣领、衣袖：（上衣）翻领lapel假领、活领detachablecollar上浆翻领、硬翻领wingcollarV型领V-neck圆领crew-neck凹领scoopedneck袖口cuff纽扣孔buttonhole帽子：便帽cap带沿的帽子hat圆顶硬礼帽bowlerhat高顶红质礼帽tophat尖顶帽peakedcap/capwithavisor宽边草帽broad-brimmedstrawhat花纹pattern：圆点花dot条纹stripe花纹flowerpattern细条纹pinstripeZ字型纹zigzag格子花纹checked纯色无花纹plain面纹veil学习课程场景：教授professor副教授associateprofessor助理教授assistantprofessor讲师lecturer系主任dean导师tutor/mentor/advisor辅导老师counselor论文导师supervisor班主任、课程协调老师coordinator校长chancellor/president（美式）/principal（美式）员工staff/faculty助教TA(TeachingAssistant)助研RA(ResearchAssistant)必修课，选修课compulsorycourse/requiredcourse,selective/elective/optionalcourse初级的，中级的，高级的primary/elementary/fundamental/foundation,secondary/intermediate/middle-leveled,Advanced课程安排coursearrangement老师讲课lecture讨论课workshop,seminar实地考察fieldtrip助教的辅导tutorial教授与学生的面谈时间officehour作业paper/thesis/dissertation/essay/journal/handout/assessment图书馆场景：动作：登记并借出checkout续借renew过期overdue归还return支付罚款payafine书的状态：可借available借出的outonloan/outofcirculation订了……书reservedincirculation只读不外借notforcirculation/closedreserved借的物品：videotapes,journal（学术期刊）,periodicals（期刊，月刊，季刊）现期刊物currentissue过刊backissue证件：图书馆出入证librarycard/admissioncard驾照drivinglicense学生证studentcard索书单callslip图书馆各部分：服务台informationdesk借书台circulationdesk/deliverydesk阅览室referenceroom书库stacks开架、闭架open/closedshelf复印室photocopyroom还书处returnarea学生储存间studentslocker参考书库referencesection大数字（人口、报纸发行量）借助数位符：thousand1个“，”million2个“，”billion3个“，”外国排序一般用A、B、C、D而不用1、2、3、4，所以听的时候如果分不清18还是1A就填1A最后原则对应同一个核心词出现多个可能成为答案的词时，答案很可能是最后出现的词disadvantageshortcomingdrawbackdownsideweakpoint替换原则：1、同义词替换eg.disadvantagedownside;metalindustryironforge;societycommunity;signindication;pricecost2、同义词组替换eg.atthetimeinthepast;aimatinorderto;highlaborturnoverhighrateofstaffchange3、逻辑关系替换eg.AaffectBbecauseA,B……4、主动和被动的替换（标志“by…”，注意要填部分是宾语时原文的被动、主动）5、加减关系替换地图题中常用到的一些方位词：中心、中间thecentre/themiddle中部的中心mid-central上部、下部的中心theuppercentral/lowercentral上部、下部的左右边theupper/lowerleft/right中部的左、右边themiddleleft/right最左、最右边thefarleft/right左边、右边的第一、二个thefirst/secondon/fromtheleft/right顶部、底部thetop/bottom从上往下（下往上）数第二、三个thesecond/thirdfromthetop/bottomthenexttothetop/bottom….后面的中间cleartothebackof…inthecentre最右边totheextremerightside走到最后边walkdowntothebackof信息修正原则：表否定的词：1、否定词no,not2、sorry,Imadeamistake…,pleaseallowmetochange3、but,however,actually,infact4、wrong,correction,amendment5、ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,thedownsideis,onthesecondthought表示强调的方法：1、重读、语音、语调、停顿2、however等表示转折关系的词3、表强调的情态动词must、should…4、besureto…/pleasedo…/rememberto…5、important,vital,essential,critical,crucial,significant6、比较级的最高级badworkgood中bad的d，work的k都不读失爆现象顺序混乱原则：1、多出现在section3、42、出现的题型：表格填空或表格选择题3、判断：example的位置在中间4、靠keywords定位题型：一般表格题读标题、图例和说明文字（备注）读横轴、竖轴（最上、最左）只看出题的空格，并注意上看下看左看右看省词原则：冠词a,an,the介词in,on,near,around代词it,they,she,he连词and,aswellas修饰作用的词（实在不会拼时）freezingweather选择题读题时，先读题目，划中心词扫一眼选项（横看看核心词，竖看看区别）听题时找出核心词定位注意核心词的替换现象地图题先看地图，再看题目看图看四点：图例；指向标（有则一定有用）；说明文字；起始点关于起始点：路线图一般标有entrance,exit,door,gate方位图说话人的位置，通常第一人称是“我”扫描图中其它信息，分类看：先看路名，再看建筑名看题干按录音叙述用笔划出路线填空题——单句填空看题：划核心词（否定形式要划，录音中一定重读）；划空前空后处预测可能出现的答案听题：注意核心词及其同义词的出现；抓空前空后处的词出现填空题——提纲型填空（P76）（关键在读题）第一次读题时，当阅读题来读，寻找醒目处：标题、副标题、黑体、斜体、下划线第二次读题时，只看出题的句子，并划出句子核心词和空前空后处听题时，注意核心词或同义词的出现及空前空后处的出现填空题——summary形填空（P75）（难点：读题时间少；连续出答案）划出核心词，空前空后都要划完整行里的线索词：快速扫描，标出最明显最容易听的词（例如：时间、地点、人物、副词）summary的第一个实词特别重要（判断开始的标志）边划核心词边猜词性及范围篇幅长的段落先读首位两句图画题：先看题再看图看图看区别表格选择题划核心词靠划出的核心词及选项词同时定位（听题时先KW再选项词或先选项词再KW都OK）先出现选项词但不出现KW，选项不是正确选项搭配题扫描题目和选项的数量，确定大致搭配关系划核心词听题时，确定说话人的论述次序，若次序为题干，则答题时更注重选项，反之亦然考抽象概念的注意抓题干和选项的同义和近义关系分子用的是基数词，分母用的是序数词，分数线不读，例如：1/3，5/9，4/7，分子大于1，分母要用复数，但一般读音上没有太大区别小数点的读法：point，例如：0.35可以读成zeropointthirty-five，也可以直接读成pointthirty-five时间的一些表达方法：century可以简写成C，例如：C2190年代可以写成90s或是90’s.千禧年读成millennium.月份的缩写：取每月的前三个字母，有三个月特别：六月，七月，九月：June,July,Sept.Sept.25,2007,Sept.25th,2007,09/25/07或25/09/07星期的缩写取前三个字母Mon,Tue,Wed标点符号：句号：fullstop逗号：comma冒号：colon分号：semicolon破折号：dash连字符：hyphen引号：quotationmark斜杠：slash斜体：italics下划线：underlineSection4----WritingExplorationisnotthereachforthefurthestdistanceoftheworld,butthefurthestdistancewithinourselves.volumeoftheplasticcontaineris2M3flowchart中重点描述动作，把不懂的名词用动词表现出来pencilIELTSanswersheet250words4paragraphs60words/paragraph4~5sentences/paragraph10~13words/line27lines句子间空格，段落间空行开头段落结构：一般具体：从大分类入手，具体到题目内容具体一般：从具体题目内容入手，再到大分类词源分析法（etymologicalanalysis）:musemusicmuseumamuseamusement[Sample]Museumistheestablishmentofmoderncivilizationofmankind.Theinitial/originalpurposeofmuseumcanbeunderstood/explained/interpretedbytheetymologicalanalysisoftheword“museum”……atthebeginning=attheprimitivestage/periodstandsfor=means=equalstothefunctionof….isservedas….一些与历史有关的例子：HerodotosfatherofhistoryEdwardGibbonTheFallofRome（相当于资治通鉴）JesusChrist耶稣ArnoldToynbeeAStudyofHistorylike….(adistinguished/famous/eminent)…person’simmortalclassic/masterpiece/pieceofviding(information)…immortalclassic不朽的经典function-orientedage实用主义年代【观点对比句】….whilethecontroversyarisessincetheexistenceofopposingnotionthatmanypeopleholds:…..peopletendtoamasspossessions“转变”的几个不同说法：1、科学的进步改变了社会几乎每一个方面Theprogressandprosperityofsciencetransformalmosteveryaspectofthesociety.2、关键是由强调财富的生活态度转变为强调健康的生活态度Thekeyistoconverttheattitudeoflifefromafortune-oriented/wealth-conscious(-centered)attitudetoahealth-orientedone.3、小强成功地转变了我的看法Johnnysuccessfullyconvertedmyopinion.4、历史总是不断地改变Thevicissitudeofhistoryisconstant.change=shift=conversion;convert=transformposeaheavyinfluenceon…Theshiftfroma(观点1)philosophyoflifetoa(观点2)oneisthebestwaytosolvethe(问题)IfIcanconvertmyloveforyouintodollars,IwillbericherthanBillGates.beimmuneto/from=avoidLifeismarkedbyvicissitude.Thevicissitudeofseasonisconstant.Historyisknownforitseternalvicissitude.Thebestpartoflifeistohaveyoubymysidetowitnessthevicissitudeoftheworldtilltheendoftime.Theworstpartoflifeiswaiting,butthebestpartoflifeishavingsomeoneworthyofwaitingfor.richpeopleattheverytopoftheincomeladderplutocrat有钱有势的人写长句技巧：中文动词—英文动词—派生名词介词+从句；竹竿句+树枝句；并列句Artisaliethattellsusthetruth.【Picasso】【观点】Artisinpossessionofthemagicpowertohelpustounderstandbetterourlifeandourworld.【证明】JustasPicasso,thegreatSpanishartist,said,artisaliethattellsusthetruth.【举例】LikeNobelPrizeLaureateBeckett’sdramaWaitingforGodot,thetwoactorsplayedanunrealisticact,leadingustothequestiontheexistenceofpurposeoflife.LikethemovieForrestGumpwithagreatpopularityintheworld,themovierevealsatruth/nature/essenceaboutlife,thoughthemovieisinitselfafiction.truth—fake,false,fictiontheupperpartoftheicebergabovetheocean冰山一角【例证之后总结观点】Thisexample,likeatipofthehugeicebergundertheocean,indicatesawidespread/common/self-evidentfactthat….【文章结构】观点对立型：引入话题正方观点反方观点我的观点【文章结构】原因方法型：引入话题原因1原因2解决方法【引入话题段】（一般具体）：按分类决定首句按分类决定延续句（symbol）引入题目两方观点表述/原因或解决方法的难度描述desire,need=cravefor,cravingbreeze/wind前者有感情色彩feasible(可行的)//availableandaccessible//effectiveandefficient+method/measure/solutionWisemennevermarry,whentheymarry,theybecomeotherwise.【Garfield】【反方观点开头】Somepeoplethinkotherwise,theyarguethat…//Differentvoicessaythat…Therewasatimewhentheworldaskedordinarypeopletodoextraordinarythings.【BandofBrothers】….seemtopossessthemagicpowerto….【观点论证段落结构】论据型：观点论据论据套入主题总结【观点论证段落结构】例证型：观点例子1例子2总结turnone’sthumbsup/downon…赞成/反对，认为……好/不好advancedandsophisticatedtechnologytrafficproblemisthebiggestheadacheofacityderivefrom来源于=stemfrombestow给予【有关女性统治社会是否比男性好的话题提纲】：开始：allmenarecreatedequal观点：男人主导的弊：1、暴力；2、战争；3、犯罪女人主导的好：1、爱心；2、沟通（MotherTeresa,PrinceDiana）我的看法：赞成，但不可行(Utopia)readbetweenthelinesinone’smind=understandsb.therateofcrimeisskyrockethighinman-dominatedsocietyxxisaforeignwordin/to…没有xx这样东西itlacksthefreshnesstoruntheheadline常见、缺乏新鲜感aplacewithoutpeace=aplacewherepeaceisabsent/aforeignwordthemasterkeywhichopensthegateto…=leadto【媒体广告话题】：keywords:media,television,internet,radio,magazine,book论据：词源分析法：”Med”standsformiddle,thefunctionofmediaisinthemiddlebetweenaudiencesandinformation.Mediumisinformation.【Mcluhan】[CanadianSociologist]Citizensinanopensocietyshouldhavetherighttoknow.【Upgraded】Inanopensocietybasedonthebeliefondemocracy,citizensareendowedwithanunalienablerighttoknow.(政府话题中可换成tosupervisetheactionofgovernment)小孩没有判断力parentalguided在google中搜索”quotationmedia”arousealotofattention=catchalotofeyeballs=underheateddebateitisataboofor….todo…禁忌image—scenesbrutal—cruel,ruthless,relentless+violence【媒体、教育、犯罪】thefall/decline/ebb/waneforsocialmoral【教育话题】Fortoolong,publishershaveascribedthefallofsocialmoraltothedeclineofcurrenteducationsystem.Therefore,controversyonwhattoteachandhowtoteachisalwaysheateddebatedbysociologistandeducationist.….seemstobeanewevidencetosupportthenegativeeffectmediaposeonsocietynegative=-phobicmoney-phobicTheground…isbasedonacommonsenseinademocraticsociety.precedentexample先例becontagiousto=spreadto=extendto=influenceblock=hinder=becomethebarrierofexposureofsth.tosb.=letsb.know【教育话题】Exposureofmoralvaluetostudentsisanprerequisite/essentialelement/indispensabletoasuccessfuleducation.【政府话题】Exposureofstatistics/informationofhowgovernmentisspendingmoneyisprerequisiteforformationofdemocracy.Thisabilityofjudgmenttodistinguishbetweenrightandwrongisforeignto/absentforchildren.Advertisingisonlyevilwhenitadvertisesevilthings.【DavidOgilvy】consumerinsight消费者洞察capabilitytomakesoundjudgment消费者的判断力小孩没有判断力mate/marriage/coordination/combinationof…。。。的结合thed