过去分词高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册

Unit2IconicAttractionsReviewusefulstructuresTolearntheuseofpastparticipleinthepassage;Toanalyzetherelationshipbetweenthelogicsubjectandthepastparticipleverb;Tofindoutmistakesofverbformsinapassagebywhatyoulearnaboutpastparticipleandcorrectthem;Tousethepastparticipletoexpressideas.Workingroupsandreadthetextagaintofindasmanyexamplesofpastparticiplesaspossible.Thendiscusswhethereachpastparticiplefunctionsasanattribute,adverbial,predicative,orobjectcomplement.Located

tothesouthoftheequator,belowmanyothercountriesontheglobe,itisofteninformallyreferredtoas“downunder”.(located/adverbial)1I’mmoreinterestedinmeetingpeople…(interested/predicative)…liketheChinese-inspireddimsim.(Chinese-inspired/attributive)Mostoftheirmusicalinstrumentsarereallyjuststicksfoundontheground…calledthedidgeridoo.(found/attributive;called/attributive)Askilledplayercanplayforalongtime…(skilled/attributive)…withmanyofthenewculturalinfluencescontributedbyimmigrants.…mybiggestimpressionisthecomplicatedmixofpeoplesandcultures……butaftertryingforhours,IwasconvincedthatIcouldnevermakeamusicalsoundwiththisinstrument!(convinced

/predicative)(complicated/attributive)(contributed/objectcomplement)…nearlyhalfofallAustraliancitizenswereeitherbornoverseasorhaveparentswhowerebornoverseas.(born/predicative)功能例句使用过去分词的原因表语I’mmoreinterestedinmeetingpeopleinAustraliaandexperiencingtheirculture,foodandwayoflife.IwasconvincedthatIcouldnevermakeamusicalsoundwiththisinstrument!过去分词interested用作表语，修饰人，即主语I。过去分词convinced用作表语，修饰人，即主语I。功能例句使用过去分词的原因定语Mostoftheirmusicalinstrumentsarereallyjuststicksfoundontheground,amongwhichthereisanamazinginstrumentcalledthedidgeridoo.Askilledplayercanplayforalongtimewithoutstoppingtobreathe.过去分词found与所修饰名词sticks为被动关系。过去分词called与所修饰名词instrument为被动关系。过去分词skilled用作定语，修饰人，即player。功能例句使用过去分词的原因宾补Althoughthemainculturalinfluencesince1788hasbeenWesternculture,minoritycultureshavealsoplayedapartinshapingtheuniqueAustralianculture,withmanyofthenewculturalinfluencescontributedbyimmigrants.过去分词contributed与所修饰名词influences之间为被动关系，即：culturalinfluenceswhicharecontributedbyimmigrants，其结构为：with+宾语+过去分词。功能例句使用过去分词的原因状语Locatedtothesouthoftheequator,belowmanyothercountriesontheglobe,it’softeninformallyreferredtoas“downunder”.过去分词located与全句主语it有一定的被动关系。过去分词动词的过去分词形式：“动词原形+ed”部分过去分词有特殊形式变化。过去分词不能单独用作谓语，但可用于完成时态(have/had+动词过去分词)和被动语态(be+动词过去分词)中构成谓语。过去分词是非谓语动词(或称非限定动词)的一种。过去分词保留着动词的部分特性，有完成或被动含义，可带状语构成过去分词短语。在句法功能上，过去分词(短语)与形容词或副词作用类似，在句子中可充当定语、状语、宾补、表语等成分。过去分词形式作定语作定语时，分词所表示的动作与被修饰词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，且多表示已完成的动作。过去分词一般位于所修饰的名词之前。过分分词短语通常位于所修饰的名词之后。e.g.*Theinjuredworkersarenowbeingtakengoodcareofinthehospital.

*Whenthedelayedflighttakesoffdependsmainlyontheweather.

*Canyoutellthedifferencesbetweenspokenlanguageandwrittenlanguage?

*Theplayersselectedfromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonourinthissummer’sgames.过去分词形式作状语作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。过去分词修饰谓语，说明动作发生的时间、原因、条件、方式等。分词作状语，用于句首比在其他位置更常见。e.g.*Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.

*Seen

fromthetopoftheTigerHill,thecityofSuzhouwasverybeautiful.

*Encouraged

byherEnglishteacher,Lisasooncaughtupwithherclassmates.过去分词作时间、原因、条件、让步等状语时，可转换为对应的状语从句。e.g.*Praised

bytheteacher,Judywentredintheface.

→WhenJudywaspraisedbytheteacher,shewentredintheface.*Frightened

bythestory,thegirldidn’tdaretosleepalone.

→Asthegirlwasfrightenedbythestory,shedidn’tdaretosleepalone.*Grown

inrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast.

→Iftheseseedsaregrowninrichsoil,theycangrowfast.*Defeated

forasecondtime,theplayerdidn’tgivein.→Althoughtheplayerwasdefeatedforasecondtime,hedidn’tgivein.过去分词形式作宾补作宾补时，分词所表示的动作与宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。过去分词常用于使役动词have,get,make,keep和感官动词see,watch,hear等动词的宾语后面，表达谓语动词引起的宾语的变化，或补充说明宾语的性状。e.g.*Whenspeakingorwritingtosomeone,doyourbesttomakeyourselfunderstood.*Owengothisnosehurtwhenheplayedfootballwithhisteammates.*Iheardthedoorpulledopen.过去分词形式作表语作表语时，过去分词在be,become,get,feel,look,seem等系动词之后，表示主语的特征或性状。e.g.*Sheismarried.

*Theotherchildrenlookedneglected.

*Thequarrelthenightbeforeseemedforgotten.Fillintheblankswiththehelpofthebeginningletters.Thenrewritethesentenceswithoutusingpastparticiplesandrecognisethedifference.TipsReadthesentencesanddecidethewordtofillinaccordingtothemeaningofthesentences;Thinkoftherelationshipbetweentheverbsandlogicsubject;Decidethestructureofthenewsentences.21D______as“thehomeofgolf”,Scotlandisaperfectdestinationforarelaxingholiday.2CubaisjustsouthofAmerica,s_________fromitonlybytheStraitsofFlorida.Itisacountryk_______foritsexcitingmusicanddancing.3Withmanypartsoftheworldnotm______yet,researchershavebegunaprojectthatinvolvestravellingaroundtheworldandtakingsamplephotographs.4I__________bythefirstEuropeansettlerstoAustralia,theSundayroastisnowconsideredtypicalAustralianfood.5E________tothefreezingweather,manybravetouristsandscientistsstillchoosetovisitAntarctica.6I_________byChineseculture,manycapitalcitiesnowhaveChinatownswhichareinthemselvespopulartouristattractions.Whatinformationcanyougetfromeachsentence?Fromwhatkindofpassagemightyoureadthesesentences?Andwhydoyouthinkso?1D________as“thehomeofgolf”,Scotlandisaperfectdestinationforarelaxingholiday.2CubaisjustsouthofAmerica,s_________fromitonlybytheStraitsofFlorida.Itisacountryk_______foritsexcitingmusicanddancing.escribedeparatednownSinceScotlandisdescribedas“thehomeofgolf”.Scotlandisaperfectdestinationforarelaxingholiday.

CubaisjustsouthofAmericaandisseparatedfromitonlybytheStraitsofFlorida.Itisacountryfamousforitsexcitingmusicanddancing.作状语作状语作定语3Withmanypartsoftheworldnotm______yet,researchershavebegunaprojectthatinvolvestravellingaroundtheworldandtakingsamplephotographs.4I__________bythefirstEuropeansettlerstoAustralia,theSundayroastisnowconsideredtypicalAustralianfood.apped作宾补Becausemanypartsoftheworldhavenotmarked,researchershavebegunaprojectthatinvolvestravellingaroundtheworldandtakingsamplephotographs.ThoughitwasintroducedbythefirstEuropeansettlerstoAustralia,theSundayroastisnowconsideredtypicalAustralianfood.作状语ntroduced5E________tothefreezingweather,manybravetouristsandscientistsstillchoosetovisitAntarctica.6I_________byChineseculture,manycapitalcitiesnowhaveChinatownswhichareinthemselvespopulartouristattractions.xposedThoughtheywillbeexposedtothefreezingweather,manybravetouristsandscientistsstillchoosetovisitAntarctica.BecausetheyareinfluencedbyChineseculture,manycapitalcitiesnowhaveChinatownwhichareinthemselvespopulartouristattractions.nfluenced作状语作状语如果不使用过去分词，只能把一个句子拆分成两个句子。对比之下，使用过去分词使句子更加紧凑，句子也更有整体感。ReadthepassageaboutthehistoryoftheEiffelTowerbeforeitwasconsideredaniconicattraction.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?Whatisthetopicsentence?3Thetextcontainsquiteafewverbformmistakes.Correctthemistakesonyourown.Thencompareyourcorrectionswithapartner.TheEiffelToweristhemostfamouslandmarkinFrance,andoneofthemostvisitingmonumentsintheworld.Butitwasn'talwayssopopular.Infact,in1886,justafteritsconstructionwasfirstpropose,manywerestronglyagainstit.visitedproposedAtthattime,itwouldhavebeenthetallestbuildingintheworld,andmanyclaimitwoulddestroytheskylineofParis,orperhapsevendestroysomehistoriclandmarks.Thechiefengineer,GustaveEiffel,repliedsaythatsuchalargemonumentwasnecessarytosymbolisethegreateffortsoftheFrenchpeopleaswellasthegreatadvancementsinmodernengineering,industry,andscience.claimedsayingThenextyear,Eiffelgainsapprovalandthetowerwasbuiltintimetocelebratethe1889WorldFairinParis.Ifyoulookcarefullyatthetower,youcanstillseethenamesofthe72scientists,engineers,andmathematicianswhohelpinitsconstruction.gainedhelpedOriginally,thetowerwasplannedtobetakendownafter20years,butitprovedtobetoousefulasacommunicationstower,nottomentionagiantadvertisementboard,beforefinallybecomestheiconicattractionthatweallknowtoday.becomingMind-mapoftheEiffelTower.188618871889nowEiffelTower’sconstructionplanwasproposedstartedtobebuiltbuiltintimetocelebratedthe1889WorldFairinParisbecomesaniconicattractionAgainst:Itwoulddestroytheskylineorevensomehistoriclandmarks.For:ItcouldsymbolisethegreateffortsoftheFrenchpeopleandthegreatadvancementsinmodernengineering,industry,andscience.I.用括号内动词的正确形式填空。1.______________________(tell)manytimes,hestillcouldn’tunderstandit.2.The________(reduce)priceofeggscansaveyouonedollarforeachdozen.3.Herearesomenewcomputerprograms_________(design)forlanguagelearning.4.______________________(leave)aloneinthedarkroom,thelittleboywassofrightenedthathecried.Havingbeentold/Told

reduced

designed

Havingbeenleft/Left5.Myfathermusthavebeenveryangry,forweheardtheglass________(break)onthefloor.6.Myteacherseemedquite________(satisfy)withmyworkandpraisedmeinherclass.7.Theforeignertriedhisbest,buthestillcouldn’tmakehispoint______________(understand).8.Generallyspeaking,when________(take)accordingtodirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.brokensatisfied

understood

takenII.

用括号内单词的正确形式填空。It'swidelybelievedthattheBritishpeople'sloveofbeefbeganduringtheruleofKingHenryVIIin1485.Hisroyalguardwouldeatfresh1.________(roast)beefeverySunday,andit'ssaidthatthisbecamesucharitual(惯例)thattheguardswerereferredtoas

“beefeaters”.Consideringthatbythe19thcentury,the2._____________(recommend)weeklyintake(摄入)o