2024届高考二轮复习特殊句式(强调、倒装、省略)课件（66张PPT）

第第页2024届高考二轮复习特殊句式(强调、倒装、省略)课件（66张PPT）(共66张PPT)

特殊句式

强调、倒装、省略

语法填空常考点短文改错常考点

1.强调句型中的that/who；

2.therebe句型中的be的形式；

3.部分倒装与全部倒装中谓语的形式；

4.祈使句中的谓语动词形式。1.强调句中that和who的误用；

2.therebe句型中be与have的误用或错用；

3.倒装句中助动词或系动词的缺失或误用；

4.感叹句中what和how的误用；

5.祈使句中动词原形的误用。

强调

热点考向一强调

1.强调句的基本句型

Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其它成分

(1)强调人时可用who/that来连接，强调事物时用that。

(2)所强调的可以是单词、短语，也可以是从句，但结构必须完整。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和状语，但不能是定语或谓语。

ChinaheldtheOlympicGamesin2023inBeiJing.

ItwasChinathatheldtheOlympicGamesin2023inBeiJing.

ItwastheOlympicGamesthatChinaheldin2023inBeiJing.

Itwasin2023thatChinaheldtheOlympicGamesinBeiJing.

ItwasinBeiJingthatChinaheldtheOlympicGamesin2023.

ItisIwho/thatamtoblameforthefault.(强调主语)

Itwashimthat/who/whomwemetattheschoolgate.(强调宾语)

Itwasbecausehermotherwasillthatshedidn'tgotowork.(强调状语)

2.强调句的一般疑问句

Is/Wasit＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其它成分

Wasitin2023thatChinaheldtheOlympicGamesinBeiJing.

IsitMissQiaowhoteachesyouChinese

3.强调句的特殊疑问句

特殊疑问词+is/wasit＋that/who＋其它成分

WhenwasitthatChinaheldtheOlympicGamesinBeiJing

WherewasitthatChinaheldtheOlympicGamesin2023

Hedidn'tgotobeduntilhismothercameback.

→Itwasnotuntilhismothercamebackthathewenttobed.

ItwasnotuntilhetookoffhisdarkglassesthatIrealizedhewasafamousfilmstar.

4.not...until...的强调句形式：

Itis/wasnotuntil＋被强调部分＋that＋其它成分

判断一个句子是强调句型还是其他句型，最简单的方法就是“还原法”，即去掉强调句型的特有结构Itis/was...that/who...，若去掉这个结构后句子仍然成立，那该句型便是强调句型，否则，就可能是其他句型。

(1)Itwashewhodidallthecleaning.可以看出，去掉画线部分的词，句子仍然成立，故该句为强调句型。

(2)Itisapitythathehasfailedagain.此句中的画线部分若去掉，句子就不成立了，故该句不是强调句型。而是it作形式主语，that引导真正主语的句型。

Wasitinthebeautifulpark______waslocatedatthefootofthemountain______wefirstmetourforeignteacher

whichwhere

whichthat

whichwhich

thatwhere

Itisyouwho______(be)likelytowinthecontest.

Itwasnotuntilshegothome_______Janerealizedshehadlostherkeys.

A.when

B.that

C.where

D.before

其它类型强调

如果要强调谓语动词，用助动词do，does或did，后接动词原形（一般现在时或一般过去时）

助动词强调谓语

ManyofthefilmsarefromChina，butwedogiveawardstofilmsfromothercountries.

HedidcometoseeyoulastSunday，butyouwereout.

What…do/does/did/hasdoneis/wastodosth.

What…do/does/did/hasdoneis/wastodosth.

Itoldherthesadnews.

WhatIdidwastotellherthesadnews.

Iamgoingtoteachhimalesson.

WhatIamgoingtodoistoteachhimalesson.

用veryjustonlysingle或反身代词强调名词或代词

Iwanttoseethescientisthimself.

用evenslightlystillmuchratherfaralittleafewalot强调形容词或副词的比较级

TheweatherinBeiJingismuchcolderthanHaiNan.

用onearthintheworldthehellatall

letalonenothingbut等强调疑问或否定的含义

Whereintheworld/onearthdidyougolastnight

Whatthehelldoyouthinkyouaredoing

Hedidn’trecognizemeatall.

Hecan’trideabicycle,letaloneamotorbike.

Sheisnothingbutachild.

倒装

Heislisteningtothemusic.

Hecanlistentothemusic.

Helistenedtothemusic.

Helistenstothemusic.

Ishelisteningtothemusic

Canhelistentothemusic

Didhelistentothemusic

Doeshelistentothemusic

Thereisatemple.

Onthetopofthehillstandsatemple.

部分倒装

将谓语中的一部分如助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。

（若没有behave情态动词则将dodoesdid提到主语前面）

完全倒装

将谓语全部放在主语之前。

部分倒装

否定副词：not，never，hardly，seldom，little，few，no，nowhere，

介词短语：atnotime，bynomeans，innoway，innocase

Onnocondition,in/undernocircumstance,onnoaccount

AtnotimewillChinabethefirsttousethenuclearweapon.

NevershallIforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheArmy.

(1)表示否定意义的副词、连词或介词短语置于句首时

否定连词：

notonly…butalso…(前倒后不倒)

nosooner...than…(主句倒装)

hardly/scarcely...when…(主句倒装)

notuntil…(主句倒装)

(1)表示否定意义的副词、连词或介词短语置于句首时

Notonlydostudentscometoschoolearly,butalsotheteachersdo.

HardlyhadIsetdownwhenthetelephonerang.

Notuntilhelefthishomedidhebegintoknowhowimportantthefamilywasforhim.

注意：fewlittle做主语或修饰主语时不倒装

Fewstudentsareintheclassroomafter10o’clockintheevening.

(2)only修饰状语(副词、介词短语)或状语从句置于句首

A:Only+状语位于句首

OnlythendidIrealizethatIwaswrong.

OnlyinthiswaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.

(2)only修饰状语(副词、介词短语)或状语从句置于句首

B:Only+状语从句位于句首

Onlyifwekeeponworkinghard,canwesucceedthenexttime.

注意：only后接名词或代词时句子不倒装

Onlyyoucanhelpme.

(3)在so...that，such...that句型中，当so，such部分位于句首时，主句要部分倒装。

Thelighttravelssofastthatitisdifficultforustoimagineitsspeed.

Sofastdoesthelighttravelthatitisdifficultforustoimagineitsspeed.

(3)在so...that，such...that句型中，当so，such部分位于句首时，主句要部分倒装。

Thelighttravelssofastthatitisdifficultforustoimagineitsspeed.

Sofastdoesthelighttravelthatitisdifficultforustoimagineitsspeed.

(3)在so...that，such...that句型中，当so，such部分位于句首时，主句要部分倒装。

HewassuchagoodrunnerthatIcouldn’tcatchupwithhim.

SuchagoodrunnerwashethatIcouldn’tcatchupwithhim.

(4)表示“也（不）…”的so/neither/nor位于句首时，表示某人，某事与前边提到的情况相同。

so用于肯定句neither/nor用于否定句

So/neither/nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语

MybrotherlikesfootballandsodoI.

Hedoesn’tknowthewaytotheschool.

Neither/NordoI.

注意：以so开头的句子，如果表示对前面所说事情的认同，表某人/事确实如此时不倒装

So+主语+助动词/系动词/情态动词

Thedoctorsarebrave.

Sotheyare.

Thedoctorsandnursesworkdayandnight.

Sotheydo.

（5）as/though表示“尽管”引导的让步状语从句中倒装时将副词形容词过去分词名词动词原形提到句首(表语是单数名词时名词前不加冠词)

Sheisahousewife.Sheknowsalot.

As/Thoughsheisahousewife,sheknowsalot.

Housewifeassheis，sheknowsalot.

Thefrontlineworkersaretiredbuttheyarestillfightingon.

Tiredasthefrontlineworkersare,theyarestillfightingon.

Asthefrontlineworkersaretired,theyarestillfightingon.

Imighttry,butIcouldnotmakemyselfunderstood

AsImighttry,Icouldnotmakemyselfunderstood

TryasImight,Icouldnotmakemyselfunderstood

在含有had/were/should的虚拟条件句中，可省略if,将hadwereshould放在主语之前构成部分倒装

IfIwereinyourposition,Iwouldnotgo.

WereIinyourposition,Iwouldnotgo.

(6)在含有had/were/should的虚拟条件句中

Ifyouhadcomehere,youwouldhavemetthefilmstar.

Hadyoucomehere,youwouldhavemetthefilmstar.

Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldputoffthemeeting.

Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldputoffthemeeting.

完全倒装

Thereisatemple.

Onthetopofthehillisatemple.

（1）表示时间地点或方位的副词介词短语位于句首时

A:here/there/now/then/out/in/up/down/away/off/back/over＋不及物动词＋名词

Outrushedthechildren.

Awayflewthebirds.

B:介词短语(表地点)＋不及物动词＋名词

Onthewallhangtwolargepaintings.

1.动词应是不及物动词

2.时态一般现在时或一般过去时

3.主语应为名词，主语是代词时不倒装

be/stand/exist/lie/live/flow/seem/appear/come/happen/

occur/remain/usedto等不及物动词代替

(2)therebe＋主语＋...

Thereliesabeautifulsmalltownatthefootofthemountain.

Therestoodagirlhehadneverseenbefore.

Here/There/Now/Then/Thus＋不及物动词＋名词

Theregoesthebell.Let'sgointothelecturehall.

Bequick！Herecomesthebus.

(表语可以是：形容词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词)

PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorWhite，ProfessorSmithandmanyotherguests.

ProfessorWhite，ProfessorSmithandmanyotherguestswere.presentatthemeeting

Gonearethedayswhentheycan’teatenoughfood.

Thedayswhentheycan’teatenoughfoodaregone.

(3)表语位于句首时表语＋系动词＋主语

Bynomeans_____truethatallnativespeakersofEnglishknowtheirownlanguageverywell.

isthat

thatis

isit

itis

1.Notuntilhewentthroughrealhardship________(he,realize)thelovewehaveforourfamiliesisimportant.

答案：didherealize

解析：句意：直到他经历了真正的困难，才意识到我们热爱家人的重要性。本题考查倒装句。“Notuntil...”置于句首，主句需要部分倒装，分析题干可知，主句与从句中的谓语动词都表示过去发生的动作，但是不强调两个动作的先后顺序，所以用过去时。

2.Atnotime________(they,break)therulesofthegame.Itwasunfairtopunishthem.

答案：didtheybreak

解析：句意：他们从未违反比赛规定，惩罚他们不公平。考查倒装。题干中表示否定意义的Atnotime置于句首，句子应该部分倒装，又根据题干中的was可知用过去时。

3.Itwasnotuntilneartheendoftheletter________shementionedherownplan.

答案：that

解析：句意：直到在书信快结束的时候她才提到她自己的计划。本题考查“not...until...”的强调句形式，即“Itis/wasnotuntil...that...”。

4．—Idon'tknowaboutyou,butI'msickandtiredofthisweather.

—________(我也是).Ican'tstandallthisrain.

答案：SoamI

解析：考查特殊句式。句意：“我不了解你，但是我十分讨厌这样的天气。”“我也是，我不能忍受一直下雨。”can'tstand和besickandtiredof意思接近，根据句意可知第二个人表达的是和第一个人同样的感受。故用“So＋助动词＋主语”结构，表示“……也一样”。

省略

状语从句的省略

在表示时间、地点方式、让步等的状语从句中，如果从句谓语动词中含有be，并且从句的主语与主句的主语一致或者从句的主语是it，可将从句的主语与be动词省略。连词后直接跟名词、形容词、现在分词或介词短语。有时从句是therebe结构时可以省略therebe

状语从句的省略

Philipgotengagedtohisgirlfriendwhenhewastravellinglastwinter.

Thereisverylittlewater,ifthereisany.

When______(face)thesedifficulties,manystudentsfindthemselvesunabletopayfullattentiontotheirstudies.

If______(accept)forthejob,you’llbeinformedsoon.

定语从句的省略

定语从句是进行时态bedoing或被动语态bedone时，可省略作主语的关系代词和be动词。

定语从句的省略

Thegoodsthatwereorderedlastweekhavenotarrivedyet.

ThespeechthatwasmadebyJackyesterdaydelightedhissu