Unit4Usinglanguage非谓语动词（todo与V-ing）课件-高中英语外研版

V-ingtodoV-ed非谓语动词形式To-infinitiveasattributiveandadverbialofresult不定式作定语和结果状语To-infinitive也就是不定式。attributive也就是定语。adverbialofresult也就是结果状语。回顾：

什么是定语？什么是状语？除了定语和结果状语，不定式还能做什么成分？2023/9/18Toseeistobelieve.Toseeis

tobelieve.I

want

totravel

aroundtheworld.Myteacherasksme

todothehousework.I’msorrytohearyouwereill.He’snotaneasymantogetonwith.做主语做表语做宾语做宾语补足语做状语做定语除了定语和状语，不定式还能做什么成分？巧记动词不定式作宾语的动词(+todo)hope,wish,expect,agree,promisedemand,refusemanage,learn,decidepretend,choose三个希望两答应一个要求莫拒绝设法学会做决定不要假装在选择知识补充：要考虑：既可接todo又可接doing的动词有哪些？forgettodosth.忘记去做某事doingsth.忘记做过某事（未做）（做过）remembertodosth.记得要去做某事doingsth.记得做过某事（未做）（做过）stoptodosth.停下来去做另一件事

doingsth.停止正在做的事goontodosth.继续去做另一件事doingsth.继续做同一件事trytodosth.尽力去做某事doingsth.尝试去做某事一感二听三让四看2.省略to的不定式

feelhear,listentomake,let,havesee,lookat,watch,

notice,observe

不定式做状语表原因Iwas

surprised

to

get

a

prize.我很震惊（因为）得到一个奖。相当于“原因状语从句”Iwas

surprised

becauseIgotaprize.我很震惊，因为我得到了一个奖。不定式表示原因时，一般放在情感形容词的后面。表目的Iwilldoanythingtogetaprize.我为了得到一个奖会做任何事。相当于“目的状语从句”IwilldoanythinginorderthatIgetaprize.为了奖，我能做出任何事。不定式表示目的时，常可同inorderto，soasto换用。表结果Igetaprizetotravelaroundtheworld.我得到了一个奖，可以环游世界啦。相当于“结果状语从句”Igetaprize,sothatItravelaroundtheworld.我得到了一个奖，于是我环游了世界。表示预料之外的结果，不定式前常带有only,never等像不定式这样的非谓语动词还有简化从句的作用。todo做结果状语一般是表示意料之外的结果不定式做结果状语常用结构enoughto...Shewasbraveenoughtogotherealone.她有足够的勇气独自到那里去。too...to...Theyweretooexcitedtosayaword.他们太激动了,以至于一句话也说不出来了。so...asto...YesterdaymorningIgotupsolateastobelateforschool.昨天早晨我起得那么晚,以至于上学都迟到了。such...asto...Wearenotsuchfoolsastobelievethat.我们不是那样的傻子,竟会相信那件事。onlyto...(常表示出乎意料的结果)Theyliftedastoneonlytodropitontheirownfeet.他们搬起石头,却砸了自己的脚。1．AfterdrivingallnightwegottoAmy’splace,________thatshewasaway.A．onlytodiscover B．onlydiscoveringC．onlydiscovered D．onlyhavingdiscovered2．Somepeopletrytoknockmedown,only________memoredeterminedtodobetter.A．tomake B．makes C．havingmade D．making3．Hehurriedtothestationonly________thetrainhadleft.A．tofind B．finding C．found D．havefound2023/9/18todo在做定语时表将来1．WheneverIneedhelp,mymotheristhefirstperson______mesupport.A．beinggiven B．given C．giving D．togive2．Whatisthebestwayyoucanthinkof________thetoughproblem?A．workingout

B．workingatC．toworkout

D．toworkat2023/9/18Summary+todob

HavingseenquiteafewproductionsofHamletandreadtheplaymanytimes,Iwasfullofconfidence.having+动词的-ed形式构成现在分词的完成式。动词的ing形式被称作现在分词的一般式。-ing的形式①Havingseen

quiteafewproductionsofHamletandreadtheplaymanytimes,Iwasfullofconfidence.=SinceIhaveseenquiteafewproductionsofHamletandreadtheplaymanytimes,Iwasfullofconfidence.②Hearing

thenews,theyalljumpedforjoy.=Whentheyheardthenews,theyalljumpedforjoy.③Shefelloffthebike,breakingherleftleg.=Shefelloffthebike.Asaresult,shebrokeherleftleg.④Preparing

fully,wecanachievegreatthings.=Ifwepreparefully,wecanachievegreatthings.-ing形式用作状语时，可以表示谓语动作发生的原因、时间、结果、条件、伴随、让步和方式等。时间状语原因状语结果状语条件状语Use

whenoraftertorewriteUse

sincetorewriteUse

asaresulttorewriteUse

iftorewrite⑤Fourpeopleenteredtheroom,lookingaround

inacuriousway.=Fourpeopleenteredtheroomandlookedaroundinacuriousway.⑥Granting

thistobetrue,wecannotexplainit.=Although

wegrantthistobetrue,wecannotexplainit.⑦Thegirlcameinsmiling.=Thegirlcameinand

shesmiled.UseandtorewriteUsealthoughtorewriteUseandtorewrite伴随状语让步状语方式状语（1）Whenshesawthosepictures，sherememberedherfirstdayatschool.=

（see）thosepictures，sherememberedherfirstdayatschool.（2）Afterwehavemadefullpreparations，wearereadyfortheexamination.=

（make）fullpreparations，wearereadyfortheexamination.（3）Ifyougostraightdowntheroad，youwillfindthedepartmentstore.=

（go）straightdowntheroad，youwillfindthedepartmentstore.Seeing

Havingmade

Going

①HavingseenquiteafewproductionsofHamletandreadtheplaymanytimes,Iwasfullofconfidence.②Hearing

thenews,theyalljumpedforjoy.③Shefelloffthebike,breakingherleftleg.④Preparing

fully,wecanachievegreatthings.⑤Fourpeopleenteredtheroom,lookingaroundinacuriousway.⑥Granting

thistobetrue,wecannotexplainit.⑦Thegirlcameinsmiling.现在分词的一般式表示与谓语动词表示的动作同时或几乎同时发生。现在分词的完成式强调现在分词表示的动作在句子谓语动词表示的动作之前已经完成。通常-ing短语的逻辑主语与主句主语一致。-ing形式在句中作状语时，可以表示谓语动作发生的_______、_______、_______、_______、_______、_______和_______。时间原因条件让步方式伴随结果aHavingseenquiteafewproductionsofHamletandreadtheplaymanytimes,Iwasfullofconfidence---untilthePekingOperacametotown.在句子(a)中，谁看过不少《哈姆雷特》的剧本，并多次阅读剧本?Whatisthesubject(主语)ofthemainclause(主句)？IIaHavingseenquiteafewproductionsofHamletandreadtheplaymanytimes,Iwasfullofconfidence---untilthePekingOperacametotown.3..I与seeread之间是________(主动/被动)关系4.哪个先发生的?看过不少《哈姆雷特》的作品，并多次阅读剧本，还是他充满信心?SeequiteafewproductionsofHamletandreadtheplaymanytimes主动aHavingseenquiteafewproductionsofHamletandreadtheplaymanytimes,Iwasfullofconfidence---untilthePekingOperacametotown.5.这里所用的ing的完成时的形式是_____________havingdoneIIYes主动现在分词作状语现在分词作状语，逻辑主语与句子主语________（一致/不一致）现在分词所表示的动作和句子的主语是_________(主动/被动)关系。现在分词所表示的动作在谓语动词之前发生，用现在分词的完成形式________________,现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生，用_____________一致主动havingdonedoing3现在分词构成的独立主格结构现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语与句子的主语应该一致，否则，现在分词应有自己的逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。独立主格结构通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，有时还可以表示时间、原因、条件或解释整个句子。Thesituationgettingworse，theyhadtoaskforhelp.情况越来越糟，他们不得不求助。Timepermitting，weshallgothereonfoot.如果时间允许，我们将步行去那里。Weexploredthebigcave，Tonyactingasourguide.我们探索了那个大洞穴，托尼做我们的向导。

单句语法填空（1）Themeeting

（be）over，weallwenttothecanteen. （2）There

（be）notaxi，wewalkedtothecorporation.（3）Time

（permit），we’llwanderaroundthemall.being

being

permitting

Completethejournalentrywiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.(P55)Friday15MayTodayIperformedintheschoolplay.Ididagoodjob!__________(see)allmyfamilyandfriendsintheaudienceapplaudme,I_______(feel)soconfidentandgrateful.Atfirst,Ihadn’trealizedhowmuchworkitwouldbe.Theteacherwasverystrict,________(make)mesonervousthatIwouldforgetmylines.Ioftenstayeduplateatnight______________(practice)mypart.SeeingfeltmakingtopracticeCompletethejournalentrywiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.