2023年上海市杨浦区高三上学期高考一模英语试卷含详解

英语练习卷考生注意：1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。2．本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。3．务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.自助获取听力音频1.A.Atthetravelagency. B.Attheshoppingmall.CAtthemuseum. D.Atthelecturehall.2.A.Itsplugismissing. B.Ithasgotoutofpaper.C.Itisn’tconnectedtothepower. D.Itisnotputintherightposition.3.A.Bossandemployee. B.Colleagues.C.Policemanandprisoner. D.Classmates.4.A.Shefailedthedrivingtestinthepast.B.Shecan’tbelievethemanfailed.C.Themtnshouldhavepracticedmore.D.Themanshouldforgetaboutthetest.5.A.Hethinkshighlyofit. B.Hedoesn’tlikeit.C.Itlast,toolong. D.Itscontentisnotgood.6.A.Eightweeksisnotaproblemforhim.B.Allthespecialistsarefullybooked.C.Thegoodspecialistisworththewait.D.Hisbackproblemisnotveryserious.7.A.Thelibrarywon’tbeopenaspreviouslyscheduled.B.Thelibraryisbelievedtobebeyondrepair.C.Therepairworkdidn’tstartfromthe25thofMay.D.Therepairworkshouldhavebeenplannedearlier.8.A.Thewomanshouldstickwithhercurrentjob.B.Thewomanshouldtakethenewjoboffer.C.Thewomanshouldbepreparedtoworkextrahours.D.Thewomanshouldstopcomplainingaboutherjob.9.A.Themanisdeterminedtohaveabreakthisweekend.BThemanishesitantoverwhethertohaveabreakornot.C.Bothofthemareunderpressureanddeserveabreak.D.Neitherofthemwillenjoyastress-freeweekend.10.A.Hetendstounderstatethedifficulty.B.Helikestomakeemptypromises.C.Heispassionateaboutextremesports.D.Hehatestostretchthetruth.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。11.A.Trynottothinkofapolarbear. B.Trytoposeasapolarbear.C.Stopthinkingabouttheirfeet. D.Observethemselvesforafewminutes.12.A.Thosewhowereinformedofthepurposeoftheexperiment.B.Thosewhoweretoldtothinkofwhitebearsonpurpose.C.Thosewhowereshownpicturesofwhitebearsatintervals.D.Thosewhowereaskednottothinkofawhitebearfromthebeginning.13.A.Therewillbegreaterchanceofuscontrollingthethoughts.B.Olddoubtswillbemorelikelytocometothesurface.C.wewillbeabletogetridofnegativethoughts.D.Wewillbebotheredmorelikelybythethoughts.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。14.A.Byusingaspecialtypeofliquid.B.Byabsorbingtheheatfromtheceiling.C.Byfixingadeviceontheinsidecoating.D.Byremovingpressurefromthepipes.15.A.Ithassuccessfullyachievedzero-carbonemission.B.Renewableenergyisusedtheretopowerlightsandheating.C.ItisabletosupplyalltheheatingintheareaofGlasgow.D.Itattractsprofessionaldancerstohaveagreattimethere.16.A.Anewmachinetotransformheatenergy.B.Arevolutionarybatterythatstoresheat.C.AninnovativeprojectcalledBodyheat.D.Aglobaldiscussiononfightingclimatechange.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。17.A.Aphonewithanup-to-dateoperatingsystem.B.Anewmodelwithadifferentsizeandcolor.C.Amodelthathasthelongest-lastingbattery.D.Aphonewithanautomaticfilmingfunction.18.A.Itmaynotbeasefficientastheoldone.B.Ittakesmuchtimetogetusedtoanewphone.C.Shecan’taffordtobuyanewphone.D.Shedoesn’tlikethenewapplications.19.A.Theirphonesareregularlyupdated.B.Theyarebothinterestedindigitaltechnology.C.Theybothhaddatastolenfromthephones.D.Theiroldphoneswereboughtabout2yearsago.20A.Improvingproductivityatwork. B.Enlargingthephonestorage.C.Buyinganewsmartphone. D.Increasingphonesecurity.II.GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.It’sOKNottoBeOKEverynowandthen,youareprobablytoldnottogiveupwhenthingsgetdifficult.Butatwhatpointcanwefeelthatit’sOKtogiveup?Sometimes,givingupcanbeathoughtfulandbravedecision.Ifyoufeellikeyouhavetheweightoftheworldonyourshouldersanditisholding___21___down,findawaytotakeabreak.___22___(remember)thatyoucanalwaysgiveupwhenyouhityourlimitandstartoverwhenyoufeelreadyagain.SimoneBiles,witha___23___(combine)totalof32OlympicandWorldChampionshipmedals,gotacaseofthe“twisties”attheOlympicsinTokyolastyear.Thismeansthatwhendoingflips(空翻)ortwists,theworld’sgreatestgymnasthadahardtimefiguringout___24___thegroundwas.So,shetoldtheworldshewasn’tgoingtocompete___25___sheknewherlimits.Ifshehadpushedherselfatallcosts,shemighthaveendedupwithalifelonginjury.Instead,sheknewwhen___26___(tell)peopleshewasn’tOK.Asafour-timeGrandSlamwinnerattheageof23,theJapanesetennisplayerNaomiOsaka___27___(drop)outofthe2021FrenchOpen.Sheannouncedthatsheneededabreak___28___thespotlighttoworkonhermentalhealth.InaTIMEmagazineinterviewbeforetheOlympics,shesaid,“Idohopethatpeople___29___relateandunderstandit’sOKtonotbeOK,andit’sOKtotalkaboutit.Therearepeople____30____experiencesareinspiring,andthereisusuallylightattheendofanytunnel.”SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.justifyB.trendC.theoryD.restrictedE.diversifyingF.obviouslyG.termedH.climateI.suddenlyJ.seekingK.evidentTheLipstickEffectIn2020,theworldwasplungedintoaneconomicdownturnastheCOVID-19pandemiccausedwidespreadclosurestobusinesses.Underthesecircumstances,millionsofpeople___31___foundthemselvesfacingfinancialinsecurity.Duringsuchtimesofeconomichardship,onemaynaturallyexpectthatconsumermarketswillseeadeclineinexpenditure,aspeopleeverywherefeel___32___tomakingonly“essential”purchases.However,acuriousphenomenonknownasthe“lipstickeffect”canoftenbeobserved.Thelipstickeffectreferstothephenomenonofconsumersspendingonsmallluxurygoodsevenwhenaneconomicdepressionoccurs.Thisphenomenonwas___33___the“lipstickeffect”in2001byLeonardLauder,chairmanofluxurycosmeticcompanyEstéeLauder.Hehadnotonlywitnessedthephenomenonatworkbutalsorealizedthatitwasespecially___34___inthecaseoflipstickandothercosmeticproducts.So,howexactlydoconsumerswhoareshortofcash___35___makingsuchpurchases?Firstandperhapsmost___36___,consumersmaysimplywishtogivethemselvestreatsnowandagaintoprovidedistractionsfromtheirfinancialinsecurity.Another___37___hastodowithlabourmarkets.Specifically,duringtheeconomicdepression,jobseekingtendstobecomemorecompetitive.Thus,people___38___employmentmayperceiveaneedtospendmoneyoncertainproductstoimprovetheirphysicalappearance.Byusingproductssuchaslipstick,theymayfeelmoreconfidentduringjobinterviews.Whateverthecausesofthelipstickeffect,thisphenomenonisnoshort-lived___39___.Duringtheglobaldepressionof2007-2009,salesofcosmeticintheUnitedStatesincreasedbyaround5%.Basedonsuchdata,itseemsthateveninthecurrentinsecureeconomic___40___,theluxurycosmeticsindustryisonethatwillbestickingaround.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Thehumanmemoryisphenomenallystrong.Italsohasahabitofgettingthingsbadlywrong.AccordingtoJonathanHancock,ourmemoryexpert,faultymemoriescanbe___41___revealing.Justlastweek,___42___,mywifeandIwerediscussinghowwe’dchosenouryoungestson’sname.Ihada___43___memoryofuswritingoutalistofpossiblenames,butstoppingafterjustafewbecausewe’dspottedonewebothloved.Mywife___44___.Inhermemorywe’dhadamuchlongerlist,andgonebackandchosenonefromthemiddleofthelist.Sowedugoutthepieceofpaperwe’dused-andfoundthatwe’dactuallydonesomethingcompletely___45___tochooseNate’sname.Memorymistakeshappenonalargerscale,too.The“MandelaEffect”iswhenlotsofpeoplehaveconfidentrecollectionsthatturnouttobe___46___.ItwasnamedbyresearcherswhowerediscussingtheirstrongmemoriesofNelsonMandela’sdeathinprison-whenheactuallylivedfor23yearsafterhis___47___.Thereareplentyofotherexamplesofthisphenomenon.Ifyou’resurethatyourememberseeingtheMonopolyManwearingaspyglass,forinstance,orhearingawickedqueensay“Mirror,mirroronthewall,”you’ve___48___ityourself(hedoesn’t,andshesays,“Magicmirroronthewall”___49___).Sowhat’sgoingon?Well,forstarters,memoryoftenworksby___50___,andsimilarbitsofinformationcanoverlapinourbrains.We’realsogoodat“fillingintheblanks”withdetailsthatarelogicalbutuntrue.What’smore,wheneverwerunthroughamemory,wemakeitstronger—___51___anybitsthatwerewrong.Butthere’splentyofgoodnewshere,too.Everyonemisremembers.Weshouldn’tbetoohardonourselveswhenwemakemistakes.Thementalassociationsthatsometimesleadto___52___canalsohelpustofindinformationotherwisedifficulttolocate.Ifyou’re___53___withsomeone’sname,trythinkingofthingsyouassociatewiththem,andseeifyourbraingetsthepushitneeds.Discussingyourmemoriesisgreatmentalexercise.Ithighlightsstrengthsandweaknesses,andletsyoulearntipsfromothers.___54___memoriesoftenbuildsamuchmoreaccuratepicture.Thatwascertainlytrueformywifeandme.Makesuretorememberthatrememberingisacreative___55___:mind-blowinglypowerful,andalsolikelytomakemistakes.41.A.subsequently B.extremely C.rarely D.instantly42.A.onthecontrary B.forexample C.inaddition D.bytheway43.A.faint B.smart C.painful D.vivid44.A.inferred B.hesitated C.confirmed D.disagreed45.A.different B.subjective C.primitive D.contradictory46.A.wrong B.consistent C.substantial D.right47.A.rejection B.release C.imprisonment D.movement48.A.experienced B.witnessed C.anticipated D.spread49.A.though B.finally C.instead D.otherwise50.A.conservation B.separation C.facilitation D.association51.A.excluding B.regarding C.including D.considering52.A.errors B.trials C.facts D.data53.A.competing B.struggling C.corresponding D.exchanging54.A.Attaining B.Boosting C.Perceiving D.Comparing55.A.component B.phase C.outcome D.processSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Arare765-year-oldgoldcoinfoundonfarmlandinDevoninsouth-westEnglandisexpectedtosellforuptohalfamillionpoundsatauction.Itisbelievedthatthecoinwasmademorethan750yearsago,duringtheruleoftheEnglishKingHenryIII.Itisoneofonlyeightknowntoexist.FeaturingapictureofKingHenryIIIononesideandacrossandrosesontheother,thecoinisaround2.5centimetresacross.ItwasmadewithgoldthatcamefromnorthAfrica.ItwasfoundinSeptemberlastyearbyadetectorist(someonewholooksforitemsburiedundergroundusingametaldetector)inHemyockvillage.Thedetectoristhadnoideahowrarethecoinwasuntilhepostedaphotoofitonsocialmedia,whereitwasspottedbyahistoryexpert.Thefinder,whodoesn’twanttobenamed,wastoldtotakethecointotheBritishMuseum,whereitwasconfirmedthatthecoinwasveryrare.Accordingtothelaw,thefinderisallowedtokeepitbecauseit’sasinglecoinandnotpartofabiggerhaulbuthehasdecidedtosellit.HetoldtheBBC,“Thecoinwasfoundinanunappealingfieldandcouldquiteeasilyhaveneverbeenrecovered.Nowitisprotectedforfuturegenerationstoenjoy.”ThecoinisespeciallyvaluablebecauseitwasoneofEngland’sfirstgoldcoins.Thecountry’scoinsweremadeofsilveruntilKingHenryIII,whoruledfrom1216untilhisdeathin1272,introducedgoldoneswithhispictureonthem.ProfessorDavidCarpenteratKing’sCollegeLondon,hastracedthecoinbacktoamancalledJohndeHidon,whowasthelordofHemyockManor.Carpenterthinksthecoinmayhavefallenoutofsomeone’spocket—eitherdeHidonhimselforoneofhisstaff.56.Thecorrectorderoftheeventsthathappenedis.①Thevalueofthecoinwasconfirmed.②Acoinwasunearthedinthefield.③ThecoinwasondisplayattheBritishMuseum.④Thecoinwasintendedforsale.⑤Thecoincaughttheattentionofahistoryexpert.A.①③②④ B.②⑤①④C.②①⑤④③ D.④②①③⑤57.Whichofthefollowingaspectsismentionedaboutthecoin?A.Itsexhibition. B.Itssignificance.C.Itspreservation. D.Itsdistribution.58.Theunderlinedword“haul”inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans.A.stolenorillegalthings B.importedgoodsC.patentedculturalitems D.hiddenmineralresources59.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleforthenewsstory?A.HowtoDiscoverHiddenTreasure B.ACoinSoldforMillionsC.HistoryMiraculouslyRepeatsItself D.TreasureHunterStrikesGold(B)GiftsinWillscouldbethekeytoprotectingthefutureofhumanhealthOurexperienceofCOVID-19showshowsuddenlyaglobalhealthchallengecanappear.Assomeoneinterestedinscience,youwillunderstandthatwhilenobodycanpredictwhatwewillfacenext,wecanbecertainthatthefuturewillbringmanymorethreatstohumanhealth.AsChairoftheMedicalResearchFoundation-thecharitablearmoftheMedicalResearchCouncil-IhaveseentheincredibleimpactthatindividualswhoremembertheFoundationintheirWillscanhaveonthefutureofourhealthandwellbeinghereintheUK.Thesegiftsfundresearchandresearcherswhichcanhavefar-reachingimplicationsforhumanhealth.WithagiftinyourWillyoucanplayakeyroleinprovidingthesciencethatwillprotectthehealthoffuturegenerations.Rightnow,theFoundationisfundingresearchtotackleantimicrobialresistance,andinvestinginresearcherslikeDrMyrsiniKaforou—whowillmakethefightagainstantimicrobialresistanceherlife’swork.Withoutsupportatthecrucialearlystages,researcherslikeDrKaforoucanbeforcedtoabandontheirpassionandleavesciencealtogether,withanimmeasurablelosstofuturehumanhealth.GiftsinWillsprovidethelongtermfundingandsecuritythatallowstheFoundationtoinvestinprojectslikeDrKaforou’sandlaythefoundationsforqualityresearchinyearstocome.YourWillcanfundtherationalresponsetohealthchallengesthatmedicalscienceprovides.“Asscientists,ourdutyistosecurethefutureofresearchforthegenerationsthatfollow.”ProfessorFionaWatt,PresidentoftheMedicalResearchFoundationandExecutiveChairoftheMedicalResearchCouncil.Whilewedon’tknowwhatthefutureholdsforhumanhealthintheUK,wedoknowthatresearch,andthebrilliantscientistsdrivingthatresearchforward,arethekeytomeetingthosechallengesforyearstocome.Butmanyofthesescientistsrelyonthegenerosityandforesightoffellowmembersofthepublic-peoplelikeyou,whounderstandthepowerofscienceandarewillingtoleaveagifttomedicalresearchintheirWills.AttheMedicalResearchFoundation,over90%ofourvoluntaryincomecomesfromindividualswhochoosetoincludeagiftintheirWill-theyarecrucialintheFoundation’sabilitytofundresearchthatwillenablethenextgenerationofscientiststomakerealworlddiscoveriesinthefuture.AgiftinyourWilltotheMedicalResearchFoundationisanexcellentinvestmentandwillhavealastingimpactonscienceandonthefutureofhumanhealthintheUK.TherequestyourfreeguidetogiftsinWillsfillinthisformandreturntoFreepost,MEDICALRESEARCHFOUNDATION.Youdon’tneedastampORvisit.uk/support-us/willsNameAddresspostcodeEmailaddressWewouldliketocontactyoufromtimetotimewithourlatestnews.Pleasetickhereifyouarehappyforustocontactyouviaemail.TheMedicalResearchFoundationdoesnotshareyourpersonalinformation.Youcanunsubscribeatanytime.MedicalResearchFoundationisacharityregisteredinEnglandandWales(Reg.CharityNo.1138223).60.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheMedicalResearchFoundation?A.ItisaUK-basedmedicalcenterforrarediseases.B.Itisbreakinggroundintacklingantimicrobialresistance.C.Itisfamousfortrainingnextgenerationsofscientists.D.ItisasectionoftheMedicalResearchCouncil.61.IfJennywouldliketobekeptinformedoftheworkoftheMedicalResearchFoundationviaemail,sheshould.A.fillintheformatthebottom B.scantheQRcodeontherightC.clicktheprovidedwebsitelink D.sendanemailtothefoundation62.Thewholepageisdevotedto.A.advocatingonecharitableagency B.introducingsomebrilliantscientistsC.launchinganappealfordonations D.raisingawarenessofglobalhealthchallenges(C)Childrenoftenlearnnewlanguagesmoreeasilythanadultsdo,butit’sunclearwhy.Sometheorizethatgraspingalanguagerequiresabsorbingsubtlepatternsunconsciouslyandthatadults’superiorconsciousreasoningistoblame.Newresearchsuggeststhat,indeed,grown-upsmightjustbetoosmartfortheirowngood.ForarecentstudyintheJournalofExperimentalPsychology:General,agroupofBelgianadultsatthesametimereadandheardstringsoffourmade-upwords(suchas“kiengniefsiethiem”).Specificconsonants(辅音)alwaysappearedatthebeginningorendofawordifthewordcontainedacertainvowel(元音).Participantsnextreadthesequencesaloudquickly.Theirabilitytoavoidmistakesdoingsoindicatedhowwelltheyabsorbedtheconsonant-vowelpatterns.Butbeforeexposuretothenewwords,theparticipantshadcarriedoutaseparatetest:pressingkeystoreacttolettersandnumbers.Somegotamuchfaster,morementallydrainingversionofthistest.Thosewhodidthedifficultversionclaimedgreatermentalexhaustionafterward-butperformedbetteronthefollowinglanguagetask.Theresearchersassumethattiredlearnersusedlessconsciousanalysisonthewordrules:theywerefreetolearnlikeachild.ForarelatedpaperintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesUSA,theresearchteamhadEnglish-speakingadultslistentostreamsofsyllables(音节)secretlygroupedintothree-syllable“words.”Later,theyplayedpairsofthree-syllableunits;onewordinthepaircamefromthestream,andonewasanewcombination.Theparticipantsguessedwhichwordwasfamiliar,thenratedtheirconfidence.Inoneparticipantgroup,somehadfirstdonetheoriginalmentallydrainingtest.Inanother,somehadreceivedmagneticpulsestointerruptactivityinabrainareathatpreviousresearchhaslinkedtoexecutivecontrol.Inbothgroups,thesemeasuresimprovedparticipants’performanceonthesyllabletaskwhentheywereunsureabouttheiranswers,indicatingunconsciousanalysisofspeech.NeuroscientistMichaelUllman,whowasnotinvolvedineitherpaper,likesthatboththestudiesaddedtomentalburdendifferentlyandmeasureddifferentskills.That’sreallygoodinsciencebecauseyou’vegotevidencespointingtothesamedirection,”hesays,addingthathewouldliketoseehigherlanguageskillssuchasgrammarstudiedthisway.63.ThereasonwhysomeBelgiansweregivenamoredifficulttestbeforethelanguagetaskwasthat.A.theywouldhavenotimetopreparefortheupcomingtaskB.theywouldbetootiredmentallytoconsciouslyanalyzetherulesC.theycouldhavesomethingtorefertointhefollowingtaskD.theymightcomparethedifficultylevelofthetwotasks64.Howdidtheparticipantswhohadreceivedmagneticpulsesdointhesyllabletask,comparedwiththosewhohadn’t?A.Theyreliedmoreuponconsciousanalysis.B.Theyidentifiedmorefamiliarcombinations.C.Theyperformedthetasklessconfidently.D.Theywerelessabletocontrolemotions.65.WhatcanbeinferredfromMichaelUllman’sremark?A.Theresearchresultisnotsoliduntilgrammarisincluded.B.Subconsciousmindremainstobeexploredinscience.C.TheoutcomesofthetworesearchesbackeachotherupD.Moreevidenceisneededtobacktheclaimofthetwopapers.66.Whichofthefollowingconclusionswilltheresearchteamagreewith?A.Humanbrainprocesseslanguagesinmultipleways.B.Consciousanalysisisthekeytomasteringalanguage.C.Increasingmentalhealthimprovesone’slanguage.D.Reducingreasoningmayhelptolearnalanguage.SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.TouchingEmoji(表情符号)DistancingamidtheCOVID-19pandemichasmadebothphysicalandsocialconnectionsatouchmoredifficulttomaintain.ForStanfordUniversitygraduatestudentMillieSalvato,beingapartfromhermotherontheoppositecoasthasprovedchallenging.____67____Inanewstudy,sheandhercolleaguesdemonstratedawearablesleevethatcansimulate(模拟)humantouchandconveyabstractsocialmessagessentelectronically.Salvatoandherteammeasuredhow37participantsexpressedsocialinformationindifferentsituations.Ineachtest,onepersonworeapressure-sensingdeviceonanarm,andanothertouchedittorespondtosituationsinvolvingsixintendedmeanings:attentionseeking,gratitude,happiness,calming,loveandsadnessAftercollecting661touchmovements-squeezes,strokes,shakes,pokes,andthelike-Salvatoandhercolleaguesmappedthelocationandpressureofeach.____68____Finally,theyprogrammedawearablesleevetosimulatethesemovementsusingeightembeddeddisksthatshakewhenelectronicallysignaled.“Itdoesn’tfeellikeanactualhumanhand...butitdoesn’tfeelliketheseseparatemotionseither,”Salvatosays,asonemightexpectfromlargemovingdisks.“Itfeelsnice,honestly.”____69____Forcomparison,apreviousstudyfromGerling’slaboratoryfoundparticipantscouldmatchsituationsfortouchesfromrealhumanhands57percentofthetime.Inthenewstudy,“Ithinkit’sinterestingthatparticipantscanreliablyunderstandwhattouchhasbeendeliveredtothemataprettyhighrate,giventhescarceamountofinformationthattheyhaveavailabletothem,”Gerlingsays.Previousresearchhasfoundthatsocialtouchisimportantforphysicalandmentalhealth.____70____A.Onecan’thelpbutwonderwhennewtechwillconveyemotionthroughavirtualtouch.B.Evenwithnotraining,30newstudyparticipantscorrectlymatchedthesimulatedtouchestothesixsituations45percentofthetime.C.SometimesatextorvideocallisnotenoughandpeopleinSalvato’ssituationoftenlongforawaytosendalovingtouchorcomfortingsqueezefromafar.D.Inthefuture,insteadofjustsendinga<3toalovedonebyphoneorcomputer,addinga“touchemoji”mighthelpusfeeljustalittlebitcloser.E.Next,theyusedamachine-learningsoftwaretoselectthemovementsthatweremostreliablypartofeachresponse.F.“It’sauniqueworkthatlooksathowoursocialtouchisdeliveredandthen...howtoreproduceit,”saysGerling,atouchresearchernotinvolvedinthestudy.IV.SummaryWriting71.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.ShouldHandFeedingDolphinsBeEncouraged?SometouristcenterstrainIndo-Pacificbottlenosedolphinstoapproachbeachsidepublicsightingareasorboatsbyhand-feedingthemsmallamountsoffisheveryday.Becausehand-fedmalesaggressivelyattackeachotheroverthefood,puttingthemselvesandnearbyhumansindanger,touristcentersfocustheirhandfeedingonlyonfemaledolphins,saysValerieSenigagliaatMurdochUniversityinPerth,AustraliaButrecentstudieshaveshownthatonly38%ofthecalves(崽)ofhand-fedwilddolphinssurvivetothreeyearsofage,whichismuchlowerthantheaverage77%survivalrateforwildcalvesingeneral.Tobetterunderstandwhy,SenigagliaandhercolleaguesevaluatedthesocialbehaviorofdolphinsaroundtheBunburycoastinWesternAustralia.Inparticular,theyobservedtheindividualbehaviorandmovementof35dolphins,including13thathadbeenhand-fedusingasmallboat.Theyregularlyfollowedeachdolphinforperiodslastingfrom20minutesto3hoursfortwoyearsinarowforatotalof180hours.Theyfoundthathand-feddolphinsswaminrelativelylargegroups,butmorereadilybrokeawayfromthemtojoindifferentones.Ingeneral,theycreatedweaktieswithothergroupmembers.“Youcanfeellonelyinaroomfullofpeopleandit’sthesamethingfordolphins,”saysSenigaglia.Free-swimmingdolphinsthatarefedbyhandbecomelesssociallyinvolvedwiththeirpeers.Asaresult,theircalvesmaygrowuplackingvitalsocialskills-whichcouldexplain,atleastinpart,whytheyaretwiceaslikelytodiebeforereachingadulthoodaswildcalvesgenerally.Nowonderanimalrightactivistsarecallingonthepracticeofhand-feedingdolphinstobestopped.____________________________________________________________________________________________________