2018高考英语全国三卷试题和答案解析

./2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语第二部分阅读理解<共两节,满分40分>第一节<共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分>AWelcometoHolkerHall&GardenVisitorInformationHowtoGettoHolkerBycar:FollowbrownsignsonA590from.J36,M6.Approximatetraveltimes:Windermere--20minutes,Kendal--25minutes,Lancaster--45minutes,Manchester--lhour30minutesByrail:theneareststationisCark-in-CartmelwithtrainstoCarnforth.LancasterandPrestonforconnectionstomajorcities&airports.OpeningtimesSunday-Friday<closedonSaturday>11:00am-4;00pm,30March-2ndNovember.AdmissionChargesHall&GardensGardensAdults:£12.00£8.00Gropes:£9.00SpecialEventsProducersMarket13thAprilJoinustotasteavarietyoffreshlocalfoodanddrinks.Meettheproducersandgetsomeexcellentrecipeideas.HolkerGardenFestival30thMayTheeventcelebratesits22ndanniversarywithagreatshowoftheverybestofgardening,makingitoneofthemostpopulareventsinthegardening.NationalGardenDay28thAugustHolkeronceagainopensitsgardensinaidofthedisadvantaged.Forjustasmalldonationyoucantakeatourwithourgardenguide.WinterMarket8thNovemberThisisaneventforallthefamily!Wanderamongavarietyofshopssellinggiftswhileenjoyingalivemusicshowandnicestreetentertainment.21.HowlongdoesitprobablytakeatouristtodrivetoHolkerfromManchester?A.20minutes.B.25minutes.C.45minutes.D.90minutes.22.HowmuchshouldamemberofatourgrouppayavisittoHall&Gardens?A.£12.00.B.£9.00.C.£8.00D.£5.5023.Whicheventwillyougotoifyouwanttoseealivemusicshow?A.ProducersMarket.B.HolkerGardenFestivalC.NationalGardenDay.D.WinterMarketBCities,usuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearbyportorriver.Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtocommunicationsandtrade.NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.Over300yearsitspopulationgrewgraduallyfrom800peopleto8million.Butnotallcitiesdevelopslowlyoveralongperiodoftime.Boomtownsgrowfromnothingalmostovernight.In1896,Dawson,Canada,wasunmappedwilderness<荒野>.Butgoldwasdiscoveredtherein1897,andtwoyearslater,itwasoneofthelargestcitiesintheWest,withapopulationof30,000.DawsondidnothaveanyofthenaturalconveniencesofcitieslikeLondonorParis.Peoplewentthereforgold.Theytravelledoversnow-coveredmountainsaresailedhundredsofmilesupicyrivers.ThepathtoDawsonwascoveredwiththirtyfeetofwetsnowthatcouldfallwithoutwarning.Anavalanche<雪崩>onceclosedthepath,killing63people.FormanywhomadeittoDawson,however,therewardswereworththedifficulttrip.Ofthefirst20000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.About100ofthesestayedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives.Butnomatterhowrichtheywere,Dawsonwasnevercomfortable.Necessitieslikefoodandwoodwereveryexpensive.Butsoon,thegoldthatDawsondependedonhadallbeenfound.Thecitywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome.Today,peoplestillcomeandg01oseawheretheCanadiangoldrushhappened.TourismisnowthechiefindustryofDawsonCity-itspresentpopulationis762.24.WhatattractedtheearlysettlesNewYorkCity?A.Itsbusinessculture.B.Itssmallpopulation.C.Itsgeographicalposition.D.Itsfavourableclimate25.WhatdoweknowaboutthosewhofirstdugforgoldinDawson?A.Two-thirdsofthemstayedthere.B.Oneoutoffivepeoplegotrich.C.Almosteveryonegaveup.D.Halfofthemdied.26.WhatwasthemainreasonformanypeopletoleaveDawson?A.Theyfoundthecitytoocrowded.B.Theywantedtotrytheirluckelsewhere.C.Theywereunabletostandthewinter.D.Theywereshortoffood.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theriseandfallofacity.B.ThegoldrushinCanada.C.Journeysintothewilderness.D.TourisminDawson.CWhilefamousforeign,architectsareinvitedtoleadthedesignsoflandmarkbuildingsinChinasuchasthenewCCTVtowerandtheNationalCenterforthePerformingArts,manyexcellentChinesearchitectsaremakinggreateffortstotakethecenterstage.Theireffortshavebeenprovenfruitful.WangShua49-year-oldChinesearchitect,wonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize-whichisoftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitecture--onFebruary28.HeisthefirstChinesecitizentowinthisaward.WangservesasheadoftheArchitectureDepartmentattheChinaDepartmentattheChinaAcademyofArt<CAA>.HisofficeislocatedattheXiangshancampus〔校园oftheuniversityinHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince.Manybuildingsonthecampusarehisoriginalcreations.ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChineseuniversities.Manyvisitorswereamazedbythecomplexarchitecturalspaceandabundantbuildingtypes.Thecurves〔曲线ofthebuildingsperfectlymatchtheriseandfallofhills,formingauniqueview.Wangcollectedmorethan7millionabandonedbricksofdifferentages.Heaskedtheworkerstousetraditionaltechniquestomakethebricksintowalls,roofsandcorridors.ThiscreationattractedalotofattentionthankstoitsmixtureofmodernandtraditionalChineseelements.Wang’sworksshowadeepunderstandingofmodernarchitectureandagoodknowledgeoftraditions.Throughsuchabalance,hehadcreatedanewtypeofChinesearchitecture,saidTadaoAndo,thewinnerofthe1995PritzkerPrize.Wangbelievestraditionsshouldnotbesealedinglassboxesatmuseums."Thatisonlyevidencethattraditionsonceexisted,"hesaid."ManyChinesepeoplehaveamisunderstandingoftraditions.Theythinktraditionmeansoldthingsfromthepast.Infact,traditionalsoreferstothethingsthathavebeendevelopingandthatarestillbeingcreated,"hesaid."Today,manyChinesepeoplearelearningWesternstylesandtheoriesratherthanfocusingonChinesetraditions.Manypeopletendtotalkabouttraditionswithoutknowingwhattheyreallyare,"saidWang.Thestudyoftraditionsshouldbecombined,withpractice.Otherwise,therecreationoftraditionswouldbeartificialandempty,hesaid.28.Wang'swinningoftheprizemeansthatChinesearchitectsareA.followingthelatestworldtrendB.gettinginternationalrecognitionC.workingharderthaneverbeforeD.relyingonforeignarchitects29.WhatimpressedvisitorstotheCAAXiangshancampusmost?A.Itshillyenvironment.B.ItslargesizeC.Itsuniquestyle.D.Itsdiversefunctions.30.WhatmadeWang'sarchitecturaldesignasuccessA.Themixtureofdifferentshapes.B.ThebalanceofEastandWestC.TheuseofpopulartechniquesD.Theharmonyofoldandnew.31.WhatshouldwedoaboutChinesetraditionsaccordingtoWang?A.Spreadthemtotheworld.B.Preservethematmuseums.C.Teachtheminuniversities.D.Recreatetheminpractice.DAdultsunderstandwhatiffeelsliketobefloodedwithobjects.Whydoweoftenassumethatmoreismorewhenitcomestokidsandtheirbelongings?ThegoodThewsisthatIcanhelpmyownkidslearnearlierthanIdidhowtolivemorewithless.Ifoundthepre-holidaysagoodtimetoencourageyoungchildrentodonateless-usedthings,anditworked.Becauseofourefforts,ourdaughterGeorgiadiddecidetodonatealargebagoftoystoalittlegirlwhosemotherwasunabletopayforherholidayduetoillness.Shechosetosellafewlargerobjectsthatwerelessoftenusedwhenwepromisedtoputthemoneyintoherschoolfund<基金><ourkindergartenisseriousaboutbecomingadoctor>Forweeks,I'vebeenthinkingofbigger,deeperquestions.Howdowemakeitahabitforthem?Andhowdowetrainourselvestohelpthemlivewith,need,anduseless?Yesterday,Isatwithmyson,Shepherd,determinedtotestmyowntheoryonthis.Idecidedtoplaywithhimwithonlyonetoyforaslongasitwouldkeephisinterest.Iexpectedthatonetoywouldkeephisattentionforaboutfiveminutes,tenminutes,max.Ichosearedrubberball-simple,universallyavailable.Wepassedit,hetriedtoputitinhismouth,hetriedbouncingitrollingit,sittingonit,throwingit.Itwastotally,completelyenoughforhim.BeforeIknewitanhourhadpassedanditwastimetomoveontolunch.Webothbecameabsorbedinthesimplicityofplayingtogether.HehadmyfullattentionandIhadhis.Mylittleexperimenttofindjoyinasingleobjectworkedforbothofus.32.Whatdothewords"moreismore"inparagraph1probablymean?A.Themore,thebetter.B.EnoughisenoughC.Moremoney,moreworries.D.Earnmoreandspendmore.33.WhatmadeGeorgiaagreetosellsomeofherobjects?A.SavingupforherholidayB.Raisingmoneyforapoorgirlmoneyc.AddingthemoneytoherfundD.Givingthemoneytoasickmother34WhydidtheauthorplaytheballwithShepherd?A.Totryoutanidea.B.Toshowaparent'sloveC.Totrainhisattention.D.Tohelphimstartahobby35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TakeitorLeaveitB.ALessonfromKidsC.LiveMorewithLessD.ThePleasureofGiving第二节<共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分学校根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Beforetherewasthewrittenword,therewasthelanguageofdance.Danceexpressesloveandhate,joyandsorrow,lifeanddeath,andeverythingelseinbetween.36_WedancefromFloridatoAlaska,fromnorthtosouthandseatosea.Wedanceatweddings,birthdays,officepartiesandjusttofillthetime."Iadoredancing,"saysLesterBridges,theownerofadancestudioinlowa."Ican'timaginedoinganythingelsewithmylife."Bridgesrunsdanceclassesforallages."Teachingdancingiswonderful.__37It'sgreattowatchthem.Formanyofthem,it'sawayofmeetingpeopleandhavingasociallife.38"Icantellyouaboutoneyoungcouple,'saysBridges."They’relearningtotraditionaldances.Theyarriveattheclassinlowspiritsandtheyleavewithasmile.39So,dowedanceinordertomakeourselvesfeelbetter,calmer,healthier?AndreaHilliersays,"Dance,likethepatternofabeatingheart,islife.Evenafteralltheseyears,Iwanttogetbetterandbetter._40_Ifindithardtostop!DancingremindsmeI'malive."A.Sowhydowedance?B.DanceintheU.S.iseverywhere.C.Ifyoulikedancingoutdoors,cometoAmerica.D.Myolderstudentssayitmakesthemfeelyoung.'E.IkeeppracticingevenwhenI'mextremelytired.F.DancingseemstochangetheirfeelingcompletelyG.Thystayedupallnightlongsinginganddancing.第三部分语言知识运用<共两节,满分45分>第一节<共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分>阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whenmostofusgetatextmessageonourcellphonefromanunknownperson,weusuallysay"sorry,41number!"andmoveonButwhenDennisWilliams__42atextthatclearlywasn'tintendedforhim,hedidsomething43.OnMarch19,Dennisgotagrouptext44himthatacouplehedidn'tknowwereatthehospital,waitingforthe45ofababy."Congratulations!ButIthinksomeonewasmistaken,"Dennis__46_.Thebabywasbornandupdatetextswere47quicklyfromtheoverjoyedgrandmother,Teresa.Inher48,shedidn'tseemtorealizedthatshewas49thebaby'sphotoswithacompletestranger."Well,Idon't50youallbutIwillgettheretotakepictureswiththebaby",repliedDennisbeforeaskingwhichroomthenew_51___werein.Muchtothefamily'ssurprise,Dennisstucktohis__52___!Heturnedupatthehospital___53_giftsforthenewmotherLindseyandherbabyboy.Limdsey'shusbandwastotally__54___bytheunexpectedvisit."Idon'tthinkwewouldhaverandomlyinvitedhimoverbutwe55__itandthegifts."Teresa6aphotoofthechancemeetingonasocialnetworkingwebsite57bythetouchingwords:"Whata58thisyoungmanwastoourfamily!Hewasso59andkindtodothis."Theposthassincegainedthe60ofsocialmediausersallovertheworld,receivingmorethan184,000sharesand61,500likesinjustthreedays.A.unluckyB.secretC.newD.wrong42.A.receivedB.translatedC.copiedD.printed43.A.reasonableB.specialC.necessaryD.practical44.A.convincingB.remindingC.informingD.warning45.A.wake-upB.recoveryC.growthD.arrival46.A.respondedB.interruptedC.predictedD.repeated47.A.cominginB.settingoutC.passingdownD.movingaround48.A.opinionB.anxietyC.excitementD.effort49.A.comparingB.exchangingC.discussingD.sharing50.A.acceptB.knowC.believeD.bother51.A.parentsB.doctorsC.patientsD.visitors52.A.dreamB.promiseC.agendaD.principle53.A.bearingB.collectingC.openingD.making54.A.discouragedBrelaxedastonishedD.defeated55.A.admitB.needC.appreciateD.expect56.A.foundB.selectedC.developedD.posted57.A.confirmedB.simplifiedC.clarifiedD.accompanied58.A.pityB.blessingC.reliefD.problem59.A.smartB.calmC.sweetD.fair60.A.sympathyB.attentionC.controlD.trust第二节<共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分>阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。I’mnotsure61ismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla<大猩猩>thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.I’mwalkingonapathintheforestinthecentralAfricanRepublic.Unexpectedly,I’mface-to-facewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingat62topofherlungs.Thatmakesherbabyscream,andthena400-poundmaleappears.Hescreamsthe63<loud>ofall.Thenoiseshakesthetressasthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardsme.Iquic