Unit-2-Robots-动词不定式的被动语态课件-新课标-选修七

Unit-2-Robots--动词不定式的被动语态课件-新课标-选修七第一页，共43页。Billfeltgreatpleasurewhenhetriedhisnewfaxmachineanditworked.2.HefeltpityforClairebecauseshewasoverweightandneededtoloseaboutfivekilostolookslim.3.EventhoughJanetoldhimmanytimestogoaway

herbrotherstillaccompaniedhertothedoctor.

Rewritethesesentencesusingwordsorphrasesofsimilarmeaningfromthetexttoreplacetheunderlinedparts.

satisfaction,testedoutsympathyleave…alone第一页第二页，共43页。4.HergreatestwishwastolookaselegantasGladysClaffern.5.PleasecallmebeforeyoubuyanewdigitalcamerasoIcangowithyou.6.Shelooked

atthecomputerscreencarefullyhopingtofindsomenewemailsinhermailbox.

7.Itwasridiculousthathisownmotherwouldnottalktohimabouttheaffair.8.Hefelthappywhenhisbossstatedthathecouldsetasidesometimeforexercise.

desirering…

upscannedabsurddeclared第二页第三页，共43页。(News,16/04/2321)Historicalresearchshowsthatinthe22ndcenturymanypeopletoldstoriesabouthow,atonetime,peoplecouldbuyrobotsashousedecorators.Therobotswould_____theliteratureforthelatestideasinhomedecoration.Oftentherobotswould_______designsthatweregranderthantheirownerswanted.Brightlycoloured_________and_________wouldbesuggestedtogetherwithbrightlypatternedwallsandcarpets.2.Completethefollowingparagraphusingthewordsandphraseintheirproperforms.

turnaroundscanawfulalarmclerkcushiondeclarefavourbedding

scanfavourcushionsbeddings第三页第四页，共43页。Someofthe_______intheshopsthoughtthatthedesignswere_______.Whilesomeownerswerefirmwiththeirrobot’ssuggestions,otherswould______________andwalkoutoftheshop,feelingembarrassed.Afewotherrobotswouldevengetintophysicalfightswiththeirownersinpublicastheirelectricalsystemssometimeswouldsetofftheshops’_______.Afterawhilethegovernmentdecidedsuchbehaviourwasnotappropriateandpassedalaw_________robotsshouldnotleavethehouse.Sorobotsbecamehouseholdcleanersorindustrialworkersinstead!clerksawfulturn

aroundalarmsdeclaring第四页第五页，共43页。GrammarPassiveVoice第五页第六页，共43页。一.复习被动语态(RevisethePassiveVoice)

英语动词有主动语态（theactivevoice）和被动语态（thepassivevoice）两种形式。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：Everyoneenjoysexcitingsports.(主动语态)Excitingsportsareenjoyedbyeveryone.(被动语态)第六页第七页，共43页。★

被动语态的基本结构:be+done

（以thebook,publish

为例）一般现在/过去时：

Thebook____________________.

一般/过去将来时:

Thebook_________________________.Thebook__________________________.

现在/过去进行时：

Thebook__________________________.

现在/过去完成时:Thebook___________________________.

情态动词：

Thebook_______________________________.is/waspublishedwill/wouldbepublishedis/wasgoingtobepublishedis/wasbeingpublishedhas/hadbeenpublishedcan/could/may/might…bepublished第七页第八页，共43页。一般进行完成现在am/is/aredone过去was/weregiven

将来shall/willbedone时式常见主被动时态变化一览表(以动词do为例）am/is/arebeing

donehas/havebeendonewas/werebeing

donehadbeen

doneshall/willhavebeen

done第八页第九页，共43页。Musicisbeingtaught(byMissLi)now.转换规则：用公式表示为:(主动)S+V+OS(O)+V(be+pp)+by+O(S),

如：MissLiisteachingmusicnow.

第九页第十页，共43页。不定式被动式讲与练不定式语法不定式的时态和语态

不定式有时态和语态的变化，时态共四种，即一般式、完成式、进行式和完成进行式。语态分为主动语态和被动语态，如下表所示。第十页第十一页，共43页。语态时态主动语态被动语态一般式todotobedone完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone进行式tobedoing/完成进行式tohavebeendoing/第十一页第十二页，共43页。动词不定式的被动语态

1.动词不定式的被动语态有两种形式：

1）一般式

（not/never）tobedone

2）完成式

（not/never）tohavebeendone

第十二页第十三页，共43页。Themeetingtobeheldisofgreatimportance.Iwanttogohome.Hewantstobeinvited.Examples:第十三页第十四页，共43页。

当动词不定式的逻辑主语是动词不定式所表示的动作的执行者时用主动语态；当动词不定式的逻辑主语是动词不定式所表达的动作的承受者时用被动语态。第十四页第十五页，共43页。e.g.Heorderedthebridgetobebuiltwithinthemonth.他命令在月内建成这座桥。(一般被动式)Shewasgladtohavebeengivensomuchhelp.得到如此多的帮助,她很高兴。(完成被动式)第十五页第十六页，共43页。1.动词不定式的被动语态的用法:不定式的一般被动式即表示其逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者,又表示其动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生;不定式的完成被动式即表示其逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者，又表示其动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。第十六页第十七页，共43页。2.动词不定式的被动语态在句子中的作用

1)做主语（常用it做形式主语）

Tobeofferedsympathybyarobotisridiculous.

被邀请在这儿发言是我的荣幸。

2)做表语

ThepartyistobeheldnextSaturdayevening.Itisridiculoustobeofferedsympathyby….Itisanhonorformetobeaskedtospeakhere.第十七页第十八页，共43页。3)做宾语

Shedidn’tliketobetreatedasachild.Hepretendedtohavebeenbeatenbyhisstep-father.

他要求被派往新疆工作。4)做宾语补足语

Tonyexpectedthehousetobecompletelytransformed.

他希望这封信马上打印出来。

Hewantedthelettertobetypedatonce.SheaskedtobesenttoworkinXinjiang.第十八页第十九页，共43页。5）做定语

Areyougoingtothemeetingtobeheldintheteachers’office?

英国人对即将在伦敦举行的奥运会感到骄傲。TheEnglishareproudoftheOlympicGamestobeheldinLondon.6）做状语

Shewastooyoungtobeassignedsuchwork.

他匆忙赶到订票处（bookingoffice）却被告知所有的票都卖完了。Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonlytobetoldthatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.第十九页第二十页，共43页。不定式的主动形式表示被动意义NOTICE1.

Therebe结构中，用不定式的主动和被

动式来修饰主语，区别不大。

Thereisalotofworktodo/tobedone.

(多用主动形式)

没有什么可担心的。Thereisnothingtoworryabout.第二十页第二十一页，共43页。2.在“主语+表语（形容词）todo”中，主语也是

不定式的逻辑宾语,即不定式动词和主语之间是

动宾关系。

Thisquestioniseasytoanswer.

（分析：answer(动)------thisquestion（宾））

★

注意：

如果动词为不及物动词，则要注意介词的搭配。

Johnisdifficulttodealwith.

（分析：_________(动)----________(宾)）如：这扶手椅坐起来很舒服。这题目很难算出来。dealwithJohnThearmchairiscomfortabletositinThequestionisdifficulttoworkout第二十一页第二十二页，共43页。“主语+表语（形容词）todo”结构中常用的形容词有easy，difficult，hard，impossible，nice，pleasant，light，heavy，interesting，important，expensive，cheap，fit，dangerous等。第二十二页第二十三页，共43页。3.在“too…todo;enough…to…”结构中。如：Theproblemistoodifficulttoworkout(tobeworkedout)．Thehouseisbigenoughtolivein.第二十三页第二十四页，共43页。4．在“with+n+todo”结构中。例如：

Withnothingtodo，helayinbed．

Withsomanyexercisestodo，Ican‘tgotothecinema．第二十四页第二十五页，共43页。5.不定式作后置定语，与被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，但又与该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时

）

Hehasnothingtoeat.

分析：eat动→nothing宾/he主→eat谓

Iwillgiveyouabooktoread.

分析：_____动→________宾/_____主→_____谓

这个优雅的女人有事情要宣布。readabookyoureadTheelegantladyhadsomethingtodeclare.第二十五页第二十六页，共43页。★比较：

Ihavealotofletterstotype.(我有很多信件要打印：Iwilltypetheletter)

Ihavealotofletterstobetyped.

(意思为：Igetsb.totypetheletter)

1)I’llgotoNewYork.Haveyouanything____________(take)toyourwifethere?2)Haveyouanyclothes____________(wash),

sir?”askedthemaid3)IcannotgooutnowasIhavealotofclothes___________(wash)tobetakentobewashedtowash★注意：若句中没有不定式动作的发出者时，不定式则必须用被动式。第二十六页第二十七页，共43页。

6.当不定式隐含在forsbtodo结构中时。例如：

Thisisthebestbooktoread(=forus／youtoread)．

Theimportantthingtodoistolockthedoorwhenweleavethehouse．

7.一些作表语用的不定式的主动形式。常见的这类动词有let(出租),rent,hire,blame等。例如：

Thehouseistolet．

Ifeltlwastoblame.第二十七页第二十八页，共43页。1.Ihurriedtothemeetinghall,only____thatthemeetinghadbeenputoff.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.toldBExercise

第二十八页第二十九页，共43页。2.Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth,sheappears____everything.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tobetellingD.tohavebeentoldD第二十九页第三十页，共43页。3.LittleTomshouldlove____tothetheaterthisevening.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.takingA第三十页第三十一页，共43页。4.Itissaidthatplasticscanbeusedto____manythings.Nowpeopleareusedto____plasticsproducts.A.make;usingB.making;usingC.making;useD.make;useA第三十一页第三十二页，共43页。5.Withalotofproblems____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettledC第三十二页第三十三页，共43页。6.He___andwasmadetorepeatit.A.didn’tunderstandB.didn’tbeunderstoodC.wasn’tunderstandD.wasn’tunderstoodD第三十三页第三十四页，共43页。7.Visitors____nottotouchtheexhibits.A.willrequestB.requestC.arerequestingD.arerequestedD第三十四页第三十五页，共43页。8.Insomepartsoftheworld,tea____withmilkandsugar.A.isservingB.isservedC.servesD.servedB第三十五页第三十六页，共43页。1.Itwilltakeseveralweeksforyourcomputer

to____________(repair).2.Iknewhim___________________(catch)by

thepolice.3.Avoteisrequired______________(take)inourcompanyatonce.4.Thismakesitpossibleforthem________(make)metalsintoanyrequiredshapes.5.Dickspedonthemotorwayonly____________(fine).6.Whensomemoneywentmissingfromthebank,Thomaswasbelieved______________(steal)it.berepairedtohavebeencaughttobetakentomaketohavestolentobefined练习第三十六页第三十七页，共43页。7.Ihope_______________(admit)toZhongshanUniversity.8.Thebookissaidto____________________(translate)intoseverallanguages.9.Ifeelgreatlyhonored_________________(welcome)intotheirsociety.10.Comeon!Thesentenceiseasy______________(translate).11.WhenIcamein,hepretendedto_____________.(read)12.Allthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediately_____________(receive)intimeforChristmas.13.MrsSmithwarnedherdaughter______________(notdrive)afterdrinking.totranslatetobewelcomedhavebeentranslatedtobeadmittedbereadingtobereceivednottodrive第三十七页第三十八页，共43页。14.Hearingthegoodnews,hewastooexcited____________(speak).15.Ithappened______________(rain)whenIgotthere.16.Iamterriblysorry___________(lose)yourkey.17.Iamsorry__________(say)thatheisgoingfrombadtoworse.18.Heasked______________(send)totheplacewherehewasmostneeded.19.Whathehopedwas______________(admit)intotheuniversity20.Hegottothestationonly________(find)alltheticketshadbeensoldout.21.Iamsorry________________(keep)youwaitingsolong.tospeaktoberainingtohavelosttosaytobesenttobeadmittedtofindtohavekept第三十八页第三十九页，共43页。22.Ontheirreturnthefatheraskedhisson_________(explain)whathehadlearnt.23.Myadvisorencouragedme_________(take)asummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills.24.Idon’tknowwhetheryouhappen______________(hear),b