2021全国乙卷英语真题及答案

2021年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（乙）英语试题第一部分听力（共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthemandoing?A.Askingtheway. B.Givingdirections. C.Correctingamistake.2.Whatdresssizedoesthewomanwant?A.8. B.10. C.12.3.Whatisthewomanlikelytodo?A.Makeaphonecall. B.Handletheproblem. C.Havearest.4.Whichtourdoesthemanseemtobeinterestedin?A.Theeveningtour. B.Thehalfdaytour. C.Thefulldaytour.5.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atacanteen. B.Ataclinic. C.Atabank.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthematch?A.Entertaining. B.Discouraging. C.Boring.7.WhatdothespeakersplantodoonTuesdayafternoon?A.Watchagame. B.Playtennis. C.Gotothecinema.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.WhatdoesthemanadviseMrs.Whitetodo?A.Goonadiet. B.Domoreexercise. C.Getenoughsleep.9.WhichcanbeincludedinMrs.White'sbreakfast?A.Eggs. B.Sausages. C.Porridge.10.Whatistheman?A.Ateacher. B.Aphysician. C.Achef.听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。11.HowdoesNancylooktoDaniel?A.Confused. B.Excited. C.Anxious.12.WhydoesDanielmentionhisperformanceinaplay?A.TofortNancy. B.Toexpresshisregret C.Toshowhispride.13.WhatisNancygoingtodonextweek?A.Takeaschooltest B.Haveacheckup. C.Goinforapetition.14.WhatdoesDanieloffertodoforNancy?A.Rewriteherlines. B.Drivehertothetheatre. C.Helpherwiththepractice.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15.WhatwasProf.Stone'sgrandfatherafraidof?A.Leavinghishome. B.Partingfromhisson. C.Takingearlyretirement.16.WhatdoesoldagemeantomanyelderlyAmericans?A.Lackofmoralsupport. B.Lossofselfworth. C.Changeoflivinghabits.17.WhatwillProfStonetalkaboutnextconcerningelderlypeople?A.Publicservicestheyaskfor.B.Healthcareavailabletothem.C.Contributionstheycanmake.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatdoesthespeaker'smotherwanthertobe?A.Aconfidentperson. B.Awarmheartedperson. C.Ahumorousperson.19.Whydidthespeakerfeellonelyinherchildhood?A.SheoftentraveledbyherselfB.Herfamilymovedfrequently.C.Hermotherwasbusyworking.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Importanceofhomeschooling.B.Motherdaughterrelationship.C.Arolemodelinherfamily.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheBiggestStadiumsintheWorldPeoplehavebeenpouringintostadiumssincethedaysofancientGreece.Inaround8A.Q.,theRomansbuilttheColosseum,whichremainstheworld'sbestknownstadiumarecontinuestoinformcontemporarydesign.Rome’sColosseumwas157feettallandhad80entrances,seating50,000people.However,thatwassmallfryparedwiththecity’sCircusMaximus,whichacmodatedaround250,000people.Thesedays,safetyregulations—nottomentionthemodernsportsfan’sdesireforagoodviewandafortableseat—tendtokeepstadiumcapacities(容量)slightlylower.Evensoccerfanstendtohaveaseateach;gonearethedaysofthousandsstandingtowatchthematch.Forthebiggeststadiumsintheworld,wehaveuseddatasuppliedbytheWorldAtlaslistsofar,whichranksthembytheirstatedpermanentcapacity,aswellasupdatedinformationfromofficialstadiumwebsites.Allthesestadiumsarestillfunctional,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.•Rungrado1stofMayStadium,Pyongyang,D.P.RKorea.Capacity.150,000.Opened.May1,1989.•MichiganStadium,AnnArbor,Michigan,U.S.Capacity:107,601.Opened.October1,1927.•BeaverStadium,StateCollege,Pennsylvania,U.S.Capacity:106,572.Opened:September17,1960.•OhioStadium,Columbus,Ohio,U.S.Capacity:104,944.Opened:October7,1922.•KyleField,CollegeStation,Texas,U.S.Capacity:102,512.Opened:September24,1927.21.HowmanypeoplecouldtheCircusMaximushold?A.104,944. B.107,601. C.About150,000. D.About250,000.22.Ofthefollowingstadiums,whichistheoldest?A.MichiganStadium. B.BeaverStadium. C.OhioStadium. D.KyleField.23.Whatdothelistedstadiumshaveinmon?A.Theyhostbiggames. B.TheyhavebeetouristattractionsC.TheywerebuiltbyAmericans. D.TheyarefavoredbyarchitectsBWhenalmosteveryonehasamobilephone,whyaremorethanhalfofAustralianhomesstillpayingforalandline(座机)?Thesedaysyou'dbehardpressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesn’townamobilephone.Infact,plentyofyoungerkidshaveoneintheirpocket.Practicallyeveryonecanmakeandreceivecallsanywhere,anytime.Still,55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter(29%)relyonlyontheirsmartphones,accordingtoasurvey(调查).OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline,athirdconcedethatit'snotreallynecessaryandthey'rekeepingitasasecurityblanket—19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies.Ithinkmyhomefallsintothatcategory.MorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestillchoosingtostickwiththeirhomephone.Ageisnaturallyafactor(因素)—only58percentofGenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthen,paredto84percentofBabyBoomerswho'veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.Ageisn'ttheonlyfactor;I'dsayit'salsotodowiththemakeupofyourhousehold.GenerationXerswithyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI,canstillfinditconvenienttohaveahomephoneratherthanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.Thatsaid,tobehonesttheonlypeoplewhoeverringourhomephoneareourBabyBoomersparents,tothepointwhereweplayagameandguesswhoiscallingbeforewepickupthephone(usingCallerIDwouldtakethefunoutofit).Howattachedareyoutoyourlandline?Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorningmilkdeliveries?24.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutmobilephones?A.Theirtargetusers. B.Theirwidepopularity.C.Theirmajorfunctions. D.Theirplexdesign.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"concede"inparagraph3mean?A.Admit. B.Argue. C.Remember. D.Remark.26.WhatcanwesayaboutBabyBoomers?A.Theylikesmartphonegames. B.Theyenjoyguessingcallers’identity.C.Theykeepusinglandlinephones. D.Theyareattachedtotheirfamily.27.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthelandlinefromthelastparagraph?A.Itremainsafamilynecessity. B.Itwillfalloutofusesomeday.C.Itmayincreasedailyexpenses. D.Itisasimportantasthegaslight.CYou’veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstoreexaminetheirrelationshiptosingleuseplasticproducts.Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled“Strawpocalypse,”apairof10foottallplasticwaves,frozenmidcrash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteerbeachcleanups,thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource(来源)ofplasticpollution,butthey’verecentlyeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon’tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat'spartofVonWong'sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate(说明)aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload'sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled"TruckloadofPlastic,"VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey’dbeendumped(倾倒)fromatruckallatonce.VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigpaniestoreducetheirplasticfootprint.28.WhatareVonWong’sartworksintendedfor?A.Beautifyingthecityhelivesin. B.Introducingecofriendlyproducts.C.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste. D.Reducinggarbageonthebeach.29.Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?A.Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling. B.Toexplainwhytheyareuseful.C.Tovoicehisviewsonmodernart. D.Tofindasubstituteforthem.30.Whateffectwould"TruckloadofPlastic"haveonviewers?A.Calming. B.Disturbing CRefreshing D.Challenging.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Artists'OpinionsonPlasticSafety B.MediaInterestinContemporaryArtC.ResponsibilityDemandedofBigpanies D.OceanPlasticsTransformedintoSculpturesDDuringaninterviewforoneofmybooks,myinterviewersaidsomethingIstillthinkaboutoften.Annoyedbythelevelofdistraction(干扰)inhisopenoffice,hesaid,“That’swhyIhaveamembershipatthecoworkingspaceacrossthestreet—soIcanfocus."Hismentstruckmeasstrange.Afterall,coworkingspacesalsotypicallyuseanopenofficelayout(布局).ButIrecentlycameacrossastudythatshowswhyhisapproachworks.Theresearchersexaminedvariouslevelsofnoiseonparticipantsastheypletedtestsofcreativethinking.Theywererandomlydividedintofourgroupsandexposedtovariousnoiselevelsinthebackground,fromtotalsilenceto50decibels(分贝),70decibels,and85decibels.Thedifferencesbetweenmostofthegroupswerestatisticallyinsignificant;however,theparticipantsinthe70decibelsgroup—thoseexposedtoalevelofnoisesimilartobackgroundchatterinacoffeeshopsignificantlyoutperformedtheothergroups.Sincetheeffectsweresmall,thismaysuggestthatourcreativethinkingdoesnotdifferthatmuchinresponsetototalsilenceand85decibelsofbackgroundnoise.Butsincetheresultsat70decibelsweresignificant,thestudyalsosuggeststhattherightlevelofbackgroundnoise—nottooloudandnottotalsilence—mayactuallyimproveone’screativethinkingability.Therightlevelofbackgroundnoisemayinterruptournormalpatternsofthinkingjustenoughtoallowourimaginationstowander,withoutmakingitimpossibletofocus.Thiskindof"distractedfocus"appearstobethebeststateforworkingoncreativetasks.Sowhydosomanyofushateouropenoffices?Theproblemmaybethat,inouroffices,wecan'tstopourselvesfromgettingdrawnintoothers’conversationswhilewe’retryingtofocus.Indeed,theresearchersfoundthatfacetofaceinteractionsandconversationsaffectthecreativeprocess,andyetacoworkingspaceoracoffeeshopprovidesacertainlevelofnoisewhilealsoprovidingfreedomfrominterruptions.32.Whydoestheinterviewerpreferacoworkingspace?A.Ithelpshimconcentrate. B.Itblocksoutbackgroundnoise.C.Ithasapleasantatmosphere. D.Itencouragesfacetofaceinteractions.33.Whichlevelofbackgroundnoisemaypromotecreativethinkingability?A.Totalsilence. B.50decibels. C.70decibels. D.85decibels.34.Whatmakesanopenofficeunweletomanypeople?A.Personalprivacyunprotected. B.Limitedworkingspace.C.Restrictionsongroupdiscussion. D.Constantinterruptions.35.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?A.He'sanewsreporter. B.He’sonofficemanager.C.He'saprofessionaldesigner. D.He'sapublishedwriter.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项AccordingtoJessicaHagy,authorofHowtoBeInteresting,it'snotdifficulttomakeyourselfinterestingatadinnerparty. 36,ifyou'reoutofyourfortzoneorifyou'rewanderingintosomebody'shouseforthefirsttime.Sothemainthingisjusttoshowupandbeadventurous,tryingdifferentfoodsandtalkingtostrangers.Peoplelovetotalkaboutthemselves.Ifyoucanstarttheconversationwithaquestionotherthan“Whatdoyoudoforaliving?",you'llbeabletogetalotmoreinterestingconversationoutofwhomeveritisyou'retalkingto.37,itcanbringin"Ihavethisold,brokendownvehicle"or"Irodethebuswiththesecrazypeoplewhowerelaughingatsillyjokesintheback."Itjustopensupconversation. 38?Ifyoucan'ttaketheirwineaway,youshouldcertainlytrytotakeawaytheirsoapbox(讲台).Ifyou'rethehost,youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthesituation. 39Andwhataboutthatotherdinnerpartykiller:awkwardsilence?Ifyou'refacedwithanawkwardsilenceatadinnerparty,theonlythingthatalwaysgetseveryonetalkingagainistogivethehostapliment(赞扬).40.Justquicklytunaroundandsay,"Thiscakeisextremelydeliciousandyouhavetotellmeallaboutit.”Sobeinginterestingatadinnerpartyisn’tthathard.A.HowdoyouknowthehostB.ThefirststepistogoexploringC.Ifyouaskthequestion"Howdidyougethere?',D.BepreparedtohaveawkwardconversationswithstrangersE.OrturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosayF.Whataboutthatpersonwhohashadtoomuchtodrinkorwon'tstoptalkingG.Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemost第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Simplysayingthankyoudoesn'tseemenoughincertainsituations.Iwasconsideringthiswhileworkingasa__41Justafewweeksago.Anditcametomethenhowmucheasieritwouldbeifwehadarangeofwordsthatexpressdifferent42ofgratitude(感谢).Mythoughtsweresoon43.Wehadawomanpatientwhowas44fromakneereplacementoperation.Oneafternoon,while45togetintobedshecollapsed(倒下)fromwhatwas46discoveredtobeaheartattack.Thecollapsewasdisastrous,47theemergencymedicalteamandgoodteamwork.Butsherecovered,though48,andwasreadyfordischarge(出院)afterfourweeks.Shewas49foreverythingthatthemedicalandnursingteamhaddoneforher.Onherdayofdischarge,wesharedinher50atherrecovery.Asshewas51shewaseagertosay52toeachofusinthenursingteam.Whenshe53onenurse,shetriedtopressafivepoundnoteintoherhand.Mycolleague__54__toacceptit,sayingthatwewerealljust55ourjob.Thepatientlookedpuzzled,andthen56:"Ohthisisn'tforthe57Ihad.Itakethatasa58.No,thisisforsettingmyhairyesterday.''Andthereyouhaveit.Tomanypeople,59livesispartofthejobbutstylinghairisan60andshouldberewarded.41.A.cleaner B.chemist C.nurse D.doctor42.A.grades B.meanings C.needs D.expectations43.A.brushedaside B.puttothetest C.broughtunderdiscussion D.takenintoaccount44.A.departing B.escaping C.retiring D.recovering45.A.attempting B.choosing C.pausing D.promising46.A.eventually B.fortunately C.casually D.secretly47.A.assessing B.requiring C.forming D.proving48.A.slightly B.accidentally C.slowly D.happily49.A.grateful B.thoughtful C.sorrowful D.fearful50.A.surprise B.delight C.curiosity D.disappointment51.A.operating B.thinking C.hesitating D.leaving52.A.sorry B.hello C.goodbye D.yes53.A.reached B.consulted C.introduced D.persuaded54.A.wished B.pretended C.failed D.refused55.A.enjoying B.doing C.securing D.starting56.A.repeated B.recited C.replied D.reported57.A.courage B.patience C.duty D.care58.A.goal B.given C.push D.greeting59.A.risking B.changing C.saving D.building60.A.honour B.ability C.opening D.extra第二节(共10小题：每小題分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ecotourismismonlyregardedaslowimpact(影响)traveltoundisturbedplaces.Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobee61(educate)abouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe__62(develop)ofthelocalareas.Ecotourismhas63(it)originwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconcept64thelate1980s.Duringthattime,increasingenvironmentalawarenessmadeitdesirable.Dueto65growingpopularityofenvironmentallyrelatedandadventuretravel,varioustypes66__tripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.Actually,atrueecofriendlytripmustmeetthefollowingprinciple