初三中考英语短文填空技巧

短文填空解题思路1.跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。解题时先跳过空格，通读完形填空的短文，了解全篇的内容和要旨。要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。2.复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。在阅读时要特别注意一篇文章的开头（一般不设空）和结尾，它们能提供主要的信息，帮助了解全文所描述的事件或文章的中心思想。在阅读过程中，要注意上、下文的关系，这对于把握文章的整体意义大有用处。另外，要学会跳读，即对不理解的地方采用暂时回避的方式，待真正理解全文之后再找解决的方法。有些短文填空题，有时出现约3%~5%的生词是很正常的，这就要求学生根据构词知识或上、下文的意思加以猜测，来确定它的词义。

3.三读短文，上下参照，验证答案。在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上、下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。综合考虑，先易后难

经过复读全文，对短文有了更深的印象。在此基础上，可以根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，分析这一空格处在句中的地位，前后的关系和它所起的作用，确定最佳答案。遇到困难，暂放一边，先易后难，这是解题之道。当遇到难以判断的空档时，不妨先放一边，继续往下做。因为有些答案是必须通过下在文的理解后才能作出断定的。有时，前后信息之间还有相互提示作用。因此，当我们遇到难题时，不能久久停留于此，这样会浪费不必要的时间。

做短文填空题的注意之处1.语义完整、适用是做好填词的前提，要从全文的内容出发，前后上下联系起来考虑，避免“只见树木，不见森林”的错误。2.要善于从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找线索，从中得到提示和启发，帮助确定应填词的词性和词形，这样可避免想当然地随意乱填。3.填词时应注意词形，不可简单地都填原形词。若空格内填的是名词，要考虑其单复数形式；若填的是形容词或副词，则要考虑其是否属于比较等级；如若填的是动词，则要特别注意考虑其时态和语态。如在句首，还要考虑其首字母的大写。4.有些空格需要填入介词、连词等，除考虑上下文的内容外，还要考虑和其他词的固定搭配及其习惯用法。5.选词填空题和限词填空题一般只有一个答案，自由填空题虽然可能允许有多个正确答案，但只能选择其中一个填入，因为完形填空题每个空格只准填写一个单词，多填反而出错。考点1:固定搭配短文填空，每年都有2~4个空格考一些固定搭配，做题时要前后兼顾。Don'tworrytoomuchabouttheNCP.(新冠肺炎).Thegovernmentandthepeoplearewithyouandtheywilltake______ofyou.考点2：名词名词分为可数名词和不可数名词，其中可数名词要么前面加a或an，要么后面变为复数形式。不可数名词没有复数形式；名词所有格（’s/s’），词性的转换（water-water，rain-rainy）等。2.Almosteverybodylikestoplay.Allovertheworld,menand_____,boysandgirlsenjoysports.考点3:动词使用动词时我们应该注意动词的5种时态、2种语态和非谓语动词形式[ing、ed、(to)do]，注意个别动词的拼写，如stopped；3.Oneday,IdecidedtogotoWutaiHillwithmyfriends.There_______manytreesandflowersonthehill.Andtherewerealsomanypeoplethere.考点4：形容词和副词形容词词修饰名词；副词修饰动词。形容词、副词还应注意比较级和最高级的变化，词性转换等；副词常由形容词派生而来(hard-hard;good-well;careful-carefully)；4.Whatcanyoudotokeephealthy?Perhapsforchildren,tohavegoodeatinghabitsisoneofthe_______importantthings.考点5：连词考查逻辑关系，关注从句在语篇中的作用。弄清它们是否是并列、转折还是因果关系；如果是从属连词，则看看是否连接的是时间状语，还是让步、原因、目的、条件还是结果状语从句，用上适当的连词。5.SomeChinesefamiliesaren'trichenough,______theystilltrytheirbesttosendtheirchildrentoexpensiveschools.考点6：代词和数词关注上下文，注意代词的适当形式，考查不定代词、物主代词、人称代词的主格、宾格，反身代词等，一般由意思决定；判断是序数词还是基数词；6.Tomwasaboastful(自大的)boy.Hetalkedonlyabouthimselfandhisfamilyallthetime.Hetold______peoplehowrichhisfamilywas.考点7：上下文联系后面的信息往往有助于对前面内容的理解，遇到困难时不要仅仅盯着这一空格，而应该读下去。7.IsyourEnglishhandwritingbeautiful?If_____,herearefourstepsthatreallywork!考点8：复现词反复读上下文，有些答案在文中就能找到。Thefirststudentcame.Hehurriedalongthewaytotaketheinterview.“Whoputthis_____inthemiddleoftheroad?”thestudentsaidtohimself,buthedidnottrytomovetheboxaway.Instead,hepassedaroundtheboxandcontinuedhisway.考点9：介词常考查固定短语搭配。练习1复读短文抓信息，前后照应巧猜词

(1)对主语的判断

1._______arehelpfultostudents.(teach)

2._____ismoreimportanttomethanmoney.(healthy)

3.Somefamous_______aregoingtogivelecturesinouruniversityinAugust.(science)

4._______ismyfavouritesport.(fish)

5.________stampsismyhobby.(collect)

Key:1.Teachers2.Health3.scientists4.Fishing5.Collecting

分析：以上练习中，填入词均为句子的主语。主语是动作的发出者，词性主要为名词与代词（1-３题）；动词不能直接用作主语，必须转化成其对应的名词或doing（４、５）。此外，形容词前加the，带连词的句子也可作主语。

(2)对谓语的判断

Johnwasstandingonthestepofahouse.Anoldwomanc________overtohim."Myboy,"shea_____,"Isyourfatherathome?""Yes,"a_______John.Thewomanbeganr_________thebell.Sherangandrang,buttherewasnoanswer.Atlastshet_____backtoJohnands______angrily,"Didn'tyous______thatyourfatherwasathome?""Idid",answeredJohn,"butthisi_______myhouse."

Key:cameaskedansweredringingturnedsaidsayisn't

分析：语篇中的所缺字除ringing以外均为谓语动词。谓语是句子所表示的动作，词性只能是动词，在句子中不能缺。当一个主谓结构中同时出现两个或以上动词时，还要判断他们之间的相互关系，对谓语动词或非谓语动词的判断只有在熟练掌握相关知识的基础上，才能作出正确的判断。多做用动词的适当形式填空有助于对动词形式的判断。

(3)对宾语的判断

1.Mr.Chenwassurprisedtoseethefast________inShanghaiafterhislongabsencefromthecity.(develop)

2.Thefrontisingreatneedofmedical_____.(work)

3.Thankyouforyour_______.(kind)

4.Atlasthesoldhis______.(invent)

Key:1.development2.workers3.kindness4.invention

分析：宾语是动作的承受者，分动词宾语与介词宾语两种。宾语的词性同主语的词性一样，代词作宾语时必须用其宾格。

(4)对表语的判断

1.Itis______foranordinaryplanetoflytothemoon.(possible)

2.Thesickmanisgetting______.(ill)

3.Patrickisgoingtobea(n)______whenhegrowsup.(engine)

4.Suchcoldweatherisquite_____inJuneandpeoplehavetowearwarmclothesagain.（usually）

5.It'sa______tohaveapicnicwithallthemembers.（please）

Key:1.impossible2.worse3.engineer4.unusual5.pleasure

分析：表语是连系动词后接的成分。词性主要为形容词，名词,介词短语。动词必须改成todo,doing或done的形式。

话题1責任担当型Passage1

诚实的可贵

punish,they,save,good,fine，sudden,friend,joke,young,kitchenWhenIwasyoung,Ilikedtoplayjokesonothers,especiallyonmyparentsand1._______.OnedaymotherwascookingwhileIwasplayingwithmy2______brotherTony.SuddenlyIrantomymotherandsaid,"Tonyfellofftheopenwindow!"Shequicklyrushedoutofthe3_______.ThenIsaid，“Don＇tworry,I’mjust4_______.”

Mymothershoutedatme,“I’ll5.___________youifyoudoitagain.”

Anotherday,Iwentswimmingwithmyfriendsinthesea.Iwantedtoplayajokeon6.________.InfrontofmyfriendsIswamfast.7._______,Icallledout"Help!"Allmyfriendscametohelpme.However,they8.______thatIwasjoking.ButhalfanhourlaterIwasn’tjoking.Iwassofast,soonIgottiredandcouldn’tswimoninwater.Itriedmy9._________toallmyfriendsforhelp,butthistimenobodycametohelpme.

Intheend,theyfoundIwastellingthetruth.Theytookmetothehospitaland10._____mylife.Thisisthebestlessoninmylife.FromthenonIhaven'tjokedonanyone.Passage2唠叨的母爱happen,lesson,be,they,begin,break,ring,teenager,right,accept

MymotherusedtosaythingsJusttomakememad.

Likemost1.______,IthoughtIkneweverything.AsforwhatIdidn’tknow,Ididn’twanttobetold.ForexampleifIsaidI2.______goingtoseeamovie，mymotherwouldroll（转动）hereyes．Onmywayout，shewouldshout."Youneedtoslowyourselfdownbeforesomethingbad3.__________!”Ididn’tknowwhatthatmeant.Ithoughtshejustwantedmetostayathome

Manyyearslater,Ihadthreeteenagersofmyown.Theythoughttheykneweverything.AndIsaidthesamethingsto4._________likemymom.That'sthemomentI5._______torealizemymotherwastryingtohelpme.

Whycan'twejust6_______ourelders’wisdom（智慧）？It＇sagood7．_________

forme.Obviously,Istillhaven,tlearnedit.

Yesterday,IsteppedoutofthebathroomwhenIheardmycellphone8._______

inthekitchen,Crabbing（抓)atowel,Iranthroughthehouse.Iansweredthe

phoneandhitmyleftfootagainstthetable.Thex-rayshowedthatIhad9._______

twotoes.

Weallneedtoslowourselvesdownonceinawhilebeforesomethingbadhappenstous.Mymotheris10._________aboutalotofthings.NowIhavelearnedit.Passage3（2018原创）乐于助人，心怀感恩good,I,worry.Joy,minute,realize,go,lucky，search，takelastsummer,IwentonavacationwithmyfamilyinHawaii.Westayedatthebeachallday.AtsomepointI1._______offmyringthatIgotasagiftfrommymom

forgraduationandplaceditinthecupholderofafoldable（可折叠的）chair．Asthesunwas2.________down,wepackedupandwenthome.WhenIgothome,Irealizedmyringwas’ntonmyhand.Iwasreally3._________.WhatshouldIdo?

Weracedbacktothebeachwithonly204.________tosparebeforesunset.Wegottothebeachandfoundthegeneralareawewerelayingearlier.

About15strangersintheareagotdownontheirhandsandkneestohelpme5._____forthering.Andtheyhelpedmetotheend.6.________,Ifoundtheringintheend.Istoodupandsaidtothegroupofkind