高考英语二轮复习阅读理解分类训练：社会类 (含答案)

阅读理解AmericanJakePinnickcomesfromasmalltowncalledKewanee.PinnicksaidwhenhetoldfriendsandfamilyhewantedtogototheWudangKungfuAcademyinChina,theresponsewastypical."It'snotausualthingtosay,butitisprettynormalforkidstowanttogetoutofaplacelikeKewanee.MostkidssaysomethingliketheywanttomovetoHollywoodandbecomeanactor,"saidthe30-year-old.“WhenIfirstthoughtaboutit,itwasdaydreamingformyself,too.”Oncehefoundhimselfattheacademy,Pinnicksaidfittinginwassoftenedbyotherforeignerswhowereintheareaandapartoftheschool.Gettingusedtothewayoflifewassurprisinglyeasygiventhepeacefulnaturetoit.Pinnicksaidafterawhile,hefoundhimselfmoreathomeinWudangthanheeverfeltbackhomeinKewanee.Localsweremorethanwelcomingandwillingtoengage.“Thecultureshockwasn'tthatbad.Surprisingly,IfindIhavemoreofthatgoingbacktoAmericanow...learningthelanguagedidtakesometime,buteveryonearoundtheschoolwasfamiliarwithforeigners,sowehadalotoffunspeakingbrokenEnglishandChinesebackandforthatthestart.”Afterhesettledintoaroutine,PinnicksetaboutengaginghimselfinChineseculture,includingKungfutraining.Hewasalsoattractedbythephilosophicaltraditionmostwell-knownfortheideaoflivinginharmonywiththeuniverse.PinnicksaidhehadtogohomeafterthefirstsixmonthsandimmediatelywantedtoreturntoChina,feelingasifithadnowbecomehishomemorethanAmerica,andhehadbegunaprocessofrewritinghimselfasapersonoverseas.Hislifenowgoesaroundtraining,teachingandstudying.Hegraduatedfromtheacademyin2014andstillhelpsteachthere.PinnicksaidthegoalistoonedayreturntoAmericaandteachwhathehaslearned.Lookingbackonhisamazingjourney,Pinnicksaidhehasgrownbyleapsandboundsfromasmall-townAmericankidwhohadadaydreamhecouldnotshake.1．WhatdidPinnick'sfamilythinkofhisideaoflearningKungfu?A．Unrealistic. B．Creative.C．Challenging. D．Disappointing.2．WhatmainlyhelpedPinnickgetusedtothelifeinChina?A．HisfluentChinese. B．Thefriendlylocalculture.C．Hispeacefulnature. D．Otherforeignteachersthere.3．WhatdidPinnickgainfromhisexperienceinChina?A．Acareerchoice. B．Alargefortune.C．AKungfucertificate. D．Agoodreputation.People’sdistrustinsciencehasledmanyscientiststotakeuparms(oratleastkeyboards)todefendtheirenterprise.Butintheireffortstofightbackagainstsciencedenial,somescientistssaythingsthatjustaren’ttrue-andyoucan’tbuildtrustifthethingsyouaresayingarenottrustworthy.Onepopularmoveistoinsistthatscienceisright-fullstop-andthatoncewediscoverthetruthabouttheworld,wearedone.Or,asfamousphysicistStevenSmithsaid,“Eventhoughascientifictheoryisinasenseasocialconsensus(共识),itisunlikeanyothersortofconsensusinthatitisculture-freeandpermanent.”Well,no.Evenamodestfamiliaritywiththehistoryofscienceoffersmanyexamplesofmattersthatscientiststhoughttheyhadresolved,onlytodiscoverthattheyneededtobereconsidered.Anotherpopularmoveistosayscientificfindingsaretruebecausescientistsuse“thescientificmethod.”Butwecanneveractuallyagreeonwhatthatmethodis.Somewillsayitistheobservationanddescriptionoftheworld.Otherswillsayitistheexperimentalmethod.Recentlyaprominentscientistclaimedthescientificmethodwastoavoidfoolingoneselfintothinkingsomethingistruethatisnot.Eachoftheseviewshasitsmerits,butiftheclaimisthatanyoneoftheseisthescientificmethod,thentheyallfail.Inpointoffact,themethodsofsciencehavevariedbetweendisciplinesandacrosstime.Inmyview,thebiggestmistakescientistsmakeistoclaimthatthisisallsomehowsimpleandthereforetoimplythatanyonewhodoesn’tgetitisstupid.Scienceisnotsimple,andneitheristhenaturalworld;thereinliesthechallengeofsciencecommunication.Whatwedoisbothhardand,oftenhardtoexplain.Oureffortstounderstandandcharacterizethenaturalworld

arejustthat:efforts.Becausewe’rehuman,weoftenfallflat.Thegoodnewsisthatwhenthathappens,wepickourselvesup,

brushourselvesoff,andgetbacktowork.Scientifictheoriesarenotperfectreplicasofreality,butwehavegoodreasontobelievethattheycapturesignificantelementsofit.Andexperienceremindsusthatwhenweignorereality,itsoonerorlatercomesbacktobiteus.4．Paragraph2stressesthat_________.A．scientifictheoriesmaychangewithtimeB．thefamiliaritywithscience’shistorymattersC．theunresolvedmattersshouldbereconsideredD．asocialconsensusisculture-freeandpermanent5．Accordingtothepassage,theauthormightagreethat_________.A．itiscriticalforscientiststostaytruetorealityB．scienceputsanaccurateinterpretationonnatureC．thedefinitionsofthescientificmethodareoutdatedD．thecredibilityofscientifictheoriesisunderestimated6．Howdoestheauthorpersuadereadersinthispassage?A．Bystressingtheimportanceofscience.B．Bycomparingoppositeopinionsonscience.C．Byquestioningthewayscientificdiscoveriesaremade.D．Bypointingoutthefaultinclaimsmadebysomescientists.Theword“robot”wascoinedin1920bytheCzechplaywrightKarelCapekmeaningfullyfunctionalservants.Formostoftheirhistory,robotshavebeeninelegantmechanicaldevicessittingoutofsightinfactories.Thingsarestartingtochange,however.Robotsareleavingcarefullymanagedindustrialsettingsforeverydaylifeand,inthecomingyears,willincreasinglyworkinsupermarkets,clinics,socialcareandmuchmore.Theycouldnotbecomingatabettertime.Manyindustriesarefacingashortageoflabor—thedemandforworkershasrecoveredmuchfasterthanexpectedandsomepeoplehavelefttheworkforce,particularlyinAmerica.Warehousing(仓库)hasgrownrapidlythankstothee-commerceboom.Robotsarepickingitemsoffshelvesandhelpingpeoplepackarisingnumbersofboxes.Theyareevenbeginningtomoveslowlyalongsomepavements,deliveringgoodsorfoodrighttopeople’sdoors.Nowadays,shortofworkersbutwithlotsofelderlyfolktolookafter,havingmorerobotstoboostproductivitywouldbeagoodthing.Andyetmanypeoplefearthatrobotswilldestroyjobs.Apaperin2013byeconomistsatOxfordUniversitywaswidelymisinterpretedasmeaningthat47%ofAmericanjobswereatriskofbeingautomated.Infact,concernsaboutmassunemploymentareoverblown.Theevidencesuggestsrobotswillbeultimatelybeneficialforlabormarkets.JapanandSouthKoreahavethehighestrobotusageratebutverystrongworkforces.AYaleUniversitystudythatlookedatJapanesemanufacturingbetween1978and2017foundthatanincreaseofonerobotunitper1,000workersboostedacompany’semploymentby2.2%.ResearchfromtheBankofKoreafoundthatrobotizationmovedjobsawayfrommanufacturingintoothersectors,butthattherewasnodecreaseinoverallvacancies.Forallthat,themarchoftherobotswillbringbigchangestoworkplaces,too.Onesupposedexampleof“badautomation”isself-servicecheckoutsinsupermarkets,becausetheydisplacehumanworkers.Butrobotscouldperformunpleasantwork.Checkoutstaffwhoretraintohelpcustomerspickitemsfromaisles(传送带)mayfindthatdealingwithpeopleinneedismorerewardingthanspendingalldayswipingbarcodesinfrontoflasers.Inaddition,asjobschange,workersshouldbehelpedtoacquirenewskills,includinghowtoworkwithandmanagetherobotsthatwillincreasinglybetheircolleagues.Thepotentialgainsfromtherobotrevolutionarehuge.InCapek’splay,therobotsrevolt(反抗)againsttheirhumanmastersandcausemassunemploymentandworse.However,thebeginningsoftheworld’srealrobotshavenotmatchedCapek’sassumption.Sothereisnoneedtoconcernabouttheirfuture.7．Theauthormentionsthetworesearchesinparagraph4to____________.A．proveanargument B．introduceanapproachC．presentanassumption D．highlightanexperiment8．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Newskillswillbeacquiredbyworkerswiththehelpofrobots.B．Themorerobotsareused,thegreateremploymentitcanbring.C．Robotswillbetraytheirhumanmastersandcauseworseproblems.D．Checkoutstaffinsupermarketsmaybehappiertodowithpeopleinneed.9．Towardswidespreadofrobots,theauthoris____________.A．approved B．neutral C．opposed D．doubtful10．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．FutureRisk:JobsBeingAutomatedB．RobotRevolution:CausesofChangesC．WorkplaceAutomation:RiseofRobotsD．Robotization:SolutiontoUnemploymentItshouldn’tcomeasnewstoanyonethattheplanetismovingquicklytowardsaclimateemergency.Andfastfashioncertainlyplaysitspartinthis.Fastfashionbrands,whichreleasehundredsofnewstyleseveryweek,havecausedtrendscyclestospeeduprapidly,leadingtooverproductionandoverconsumption.Britishshoppersarebuyingtwiceasmuchaswedidadecadeagoandbothbrandsandconsumersarethrowingaway“unfashionable”clothingmoreoften—over£300,000ofitendsupinlandfilleveryyear.Howdowesolvethisissue?Oneanswerliesinthenewgenerationofmade-to-orderbrandsmakingtheirwayintothemainstream.Thesebrandsmakeclothesonlyasandwhenthey’reordered,andbecausethere’snooverproduction,lessunwantedstockendsupinlandfills.Theyalsopromoteaslowerfashionmodel,withpiecestakingbetweenthreeweeksandthreemonthstoarriveoncepurchased.Thefocusisoncreatingspecial,well-madepiecesforconsumerstotreasureforyearstocome.Made-to-orderfashionisnothingnew.Untilthemid-20thcentury,itwasthenorm.However,the1960sbroughtaboutthedawnoffastfashionandashiftinourrelationshipwithourclothes.Thevalueonceplacedoncraftsmanshipandqualitywasreplacedbythedesireforlowcostandvolume,resultingincut-costproductionandtheattitudethatclothingshouldbecheapanddisposable.Ofcourse,made-to-orderfashionhascontinuedtoexistalongsidethis,thoughresearchclearlyshowsthatfastfashionprevails(盛行).Cueamade-to-orderbrandbringingbespoke(定制)backtothemainstream.SpanishbrandAlasfeaturesaslowbusinessmodel.Ittakesorderseachweekwhicharethenhandmadeanddeliveredinaboutthreeweeks.Italsorevolvesaroundanon-demandproductionprocessthatrewardsconsumersfor“pre-plannedresponsibleshopping.”Everyweek,theylaunchanewdrop,availabletopre-orderforadiscountedrateforalimitedtime.Frompre-order,Alasdetermineshowpopulareachnewitemisandcalculateshowmanyunitsshouldbeproducedtofulfillbothpre-ordersandfuturefull-priceorders,thereforereducingtheoverproductionofstock.Withmade-to-orderbrandsgrowinginpopularity,itbegsthequestion—couldthisbethedawnofanew,environmentallyresponsibleera?Theanswerisself-evident.11．Whatdothefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyshow?A．Ourstrongdesireforfashion.B．Thefastdevelopmentoffashionindustry.C．Theurgentneedforadifferentfashionmodel.D．Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesoffastfashion.12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph5referto?A．Theshadowoffastfashion.B．Thevalueplacedonquality.C．Theshifttowardsagreenlifestyle.D．Thecriticismforcheapnessandquantity.13．WhatdoestheexampleofSpanishbrandAlastellus?A．Therewardmechanismisamustinslowfashion.B．Ittakespatienceandthoughttobuymade-to-orderitems.C．Thepre-ordermodelreducesthecostofpurchasingbrands.D．Consumershaveasayabouthowtheirordersareproduced.14．Asforthefutureofmade-to-orderfashion,theauthoris________.A．anxious B．confidentC．puzzled D．curiousNeuroscientistshaveexplainedtheriskyoraggressivebehaviorofteenagersastheproductofabrainthatissomehowdamaged.Agroundbreakingresearchinthepast10years,however,showsthatthisviewiswrong.Theteenbrainisnotdefective(有缺陷的).Itisnotahalf-bakedadultbrain,either.Ithasdevelopedtofunctiondifferentlyfromthatofachildoranadult.Foremostamongtheteenbrain’sfeaturesisitsabilitytochangeinresponsetotheenvironmentbyadjustingthecommunicationnetworksthatconnectbrainregions.Thisspecialplasticity,isadouble-edgedsword.Itallowsteenagerstomakeenormousprogressinthinkingandsocialization.Butitalsomakesthemsusceptibletodangerousbehaviorsandseriousmentaldisorders.Themostrecentstudyindicatesthattheriskiestbehaviorsarisefromamismatchbetweenthematuration(成熟)ofnetworksinthelimbicsystem(大脑边缘系统),whichdrivesemotionsandstrengthensatadolescence,andthematurationofnetworksintheprefrontalcortex(前额皮质),whichoccurslaterandpromotessoundjudgmentandthecontrolofimpulses(冲动).Indeed,wenowknowthattheprefrontalcortexcontinuestochangeuntilwellintoaperson’s20s.Andyetadolescenceseemstobestartingearlier,extendingthe“mismatchyears.”Thechangeabilityofnetworkslinkingbrainregionsandnotthegrowthofthoseregions—iskeytoeventuallybehavinglikeanadult.Understandingthat,andknowingthatawideninggapbetweenthedevelopmentofemotionalandjudgmentnetworksishappeninginyoungpeopletoday,canhelpparents,teachers,andteenagersthemselves.Peoplewillbetterseethatbehaviorssuchasrisktaking,andturningawayfromparentsandtowardpeersarenotsignsofcognitive(认知的)oremotionalproblems.Theyareanaturalresultofbraindevelopment,anormalpartofadolescentslearninghowtonegotiateacomplexworld.Thesameunderstandingcanalsohelpadultsdecidewhentointerveneandhelp.A15-year-oldgirl’sdeparturefromherparents’tastesinclothingormusicmaybeasourceofsadnessforMomandDad,butdoesnotindicatementalillness.A16-year-oldboy’sinteresttoskateboardwithoutahelmetismorelikelyaresultofshort-rangethinkingandpeerpressurethanadesiretohurthimself.Otherexploratoryandaggressiveactionsmightbewarningshowever.Knowingmoreabouttheuniqueteenbrainwillhelpallofuslearnhowtoseparateunusualbehaviorthatisage-appropriatefromthatwhichmightindicateillness.Suchawarenesscouldhelpsocietyreduceteenproblems.15．Thedifferencebetweentheteen’sbrainandthatofanadultisits______.A．disorder B．weakness C．maturation D．changeability16．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“susceptible”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Safe. B．Sensitive. C．Hesitant. D．Resistant.17．Accordingtothemostrecentstudy,teens’riskiestbehaviorsarisebecause______.A．theirbrainsaresomehowdamagedB．theiremotionsstrengthenatadolescenceC．theprefrontalcortexfailstocontrolimpulsesD．twobrainregionsdon’tdevelopatthesamepace18．Whatisthesignificanceoftheresearch?A．Itprovideseffectivesolutionstoteens’mentalproblems.B．Ithighlightsthefunctionsofdifferentbrainregionsofteens.C．Ithelpsadultstoanalyzeteens’behaviorsandofferhelp.D．Itintendstopreventteenagersfromriskyandaggressivebehaviors.Onequestioneverycoachhasbeardintheircoachingcareeristhis.“Whyisn’tmykidplaying?”Thestupidityofmany“win-at-all-cost”coachesinyouthsportsisneatlymatchedbythatof“play-my-kid-or-else”parentsatthehigh-schoollevel.Whenthegamesstarttocount,themainreasonwhyyourkidisn’tplayingissimple:“They’rejustnotgoodenough.”“He/shejustisn’tfastenough.”“He/shejustisn’tstrongenough.”Goodcoaches,however,arenotusuallythatblunt.TheyareveryskillfulinnottellingwhatyouandIwouldconsiderthe“truth”.Thethingisthatmanykidsknowwhatthey’regoodat,andwhatthey’renotgoodat.Whenitcomestofootball,forinstance,mostofthemiddle-schoolersorfreshmenalreadyknowtheoneortwokidswhoaregoodenoughtoplayonthevarsityteamortocatchtheeyeofacollegeadmissionsofficer.Theirparentsdonot.Therestplaybecausetheyenjoyit,needthediscipline,wanttobelongtoateam,havedreamedofitsincetheywerefiveorsix,aretryingtomaketheirparentshappy,needavarsitysportontheircollegeapplication,orsomecombinationofthefactorsabove.Someofthemdon’tpossessmuchathleticskill,butmakeupforitbypracticing,bygettingstrongerandquicker,andwithon-fieldeffort.Fartoomanychildrentodayarelivinginaworldwheretheyneverlearn“no”.Theydon’tknowhowtohandledisappointmentandfailure.Nordotheyknowhowtoreactandmoveonwhentheydon’tgettheirownway.It’sawfulwhenyourkidisn'tplaying.Beenthere,donethat.Noreasonableparentwantstoseetheirchildhurt.Butnooneescapesthislifeunhurt,emotionallyifnotphysically.Whenthesekidsmoveoninlife,theyaregoingtogetrejectedwhentheyapplyforcollege,failtogetthejobtheywant,andtastefailureanddisappointmentonmultiplefronts.Coachesshouldtrytomakesureeveryonegetssomeplayingtime.Butthatshouldnevercomeattheexpenseofotherkidswhoaremoretalented,tryharderorspendmoretimepracticing.Nochildshouldevergooutforanyteamthinkingthey’regoingtobeguaranteedaspotorplayingtime,nomatterhowloudlytheirparentscomplain.Inthatsense,sportsareatruemirroroflife.Nooneisguaranteed“playing”timeinlife.Forthemostpart,hardwork,effort,planninganddesireisrewarded.Thebenefitscanbewonderful.Butit’sgoodtobepreparedwhenitdoesn'tworkoutthatway.19．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“blunt”probablymean?A．Impatient. B．Annoying. C．Direct. D．Serious.20．Theauthorbelievesthat______.A．kidsshouldlearnhowtofacerejectionintheirlifeB．peoplecanlivealifewithoutbeingemotionallyhurtC．parentsmusthelpkidsescapedisappointmentandfailureD．coachesneedtoensureeverystudentgetsenoughplayingtime21．Whatprobablymotivatedtheauthortowritethispassage?A．Coaches’mistakenbeliefsaboutvarsityteams.B．Parents’unrealisticviewsofkids’playingtime.C．Children’signoranceofthemeaningofsportsandlife,D．Thepublic’sdoubtsaboutwhykidsneedtoplaysports.Aneconomist,AdamSmith,famouslywrotethat“itisnotfromthebenevolence(慈善)ofthebutcher,thebrewerorthebaker,thatweexpectourdinner,butfromtheirregardtotheirownself-interest.”LikeSmith,manyeconomiststodaybelievethatone’sself-interestiswhatdrivescompetitionandgrowthinmarketeconomies.Yet,inanincreasinglyinterconnectedsociety,itisevenmorecrucialtohavecollaborativeskills.Thusweshouldencouragecooperationtobetterpreparechildrenforthefuture.Firstly,inthepresentagemarkedbythetransformativepotentialoftechnologytofacilitateinteractions,cooperationisanespeciallyprizedsoftskilltohave.Asaresearchstudyproves,softskillssuchasgoodcommunicationandempathyconsistofqualitativeindicatorsofoutstandingemployeesascomparedtotechnicalskillsorknowledge.Incontrast,excessively(过分地)competitiveandindividualisticbehaviourmayfracturesocialrelationsinthecommunityofco-workersandsincenomanisanisland,eventhemostcompetentemployeewillnotbeabletopursuehisgoalseffectivelywithoutthehelpofotherswhoareabletoshareacommonvisionandunderstanding.Moreover,encouragingcooperationincreaseahealthysenseofself-esteeminchildrenthatbetterpreparesthemforthecompetitiveworkingworld.Manymodernsocietiestodayareconsumedbyanobsessivedriveforsuccessandthepressuretoperformhasinfiltratedbothclassroomsandofficesalike.Theconsequencesofthefiercecompetitivecultureincludehigherratesofanxietyanddepressionamonguniversitystudentsandofficeworkers,whichareallcounterproductive.Teamworkcanhelpamaturingindividualrealisethateachhashisorherownuniquesetofabilitiestobringtothetableandthatanotherperson’sstrengthsdonotinanywaydiminish(降低)thevalueofhisorhertalents.Thus,cooperationcanaffirmtheself-worthofchildrenbycorrectingtheviolentinsightthatwinningorpaperachievementisanexclusive(唯一)measureofsuccessinlife.However,criticsmayclaimthatinacutthroatworld,adaptingtocompetitionshouldbeofsupremepriorityineducationandparenting.Toachieveone’sdeepestambitions,suchastobecomeamedicalstudent,ortocreateatechstart-up,onehastoadoptcompetitionbyactivelyfightingforopportunitiesanddistinguishingoneselffromothers.Nevertheless,sincepassioncanalreadystimulatechildrentoworkhardtofulfilltheirambitions,theneedtoencouragecompetitionmaybeattheendoftheday.Asmuchasexternalcompetitioncandrivepeopletopursueexcellence,internalmotivationisatleastequallyorarguablyevenmoreessential,andcollaborationplaysaninstrumentalroleinhelpingoneuncoverone’stendencyandmotivations.22．WhatcanbeinferredfromAdamSmith’swords?A．Oursocietyisincreasinglyinterconnected.B．Ourdinnerismadeoutoftheregardstomarkets.C．Self-interestpushesthedevelopmentofeconomies.D．Thebutcher,thebrewerorthebakerisnotsympathy.23．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fracture”meaninparagraph2probablymean?A．Deepen. B．Establish. C．Maintain. D．Damage.24．Whichofthefollowingmighttheauthoragreewith?A．Paperachievementisanexclusivemeasureofsuccess.B．Confidenceandambitionscanbeachievedthroughcooperation.C．Activelyfightingfordistinguishingoneselfisahealthycompetition.D．Competitionisnotessentialforpeopletopursueexcellence.25．Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthispassage?A．Tointroduceparentstheadvantagesofcooperation.B．Toinformparentstobalancecooperationandcompetition.C．Topersuadeparentstocareabouttheirchildren’seducation.D．Totellparentstoencouragetheirchildrentolearntocooperate.Anageingpopulationisaglobalphenomenon.Countriesarelookingforthebalmtoaddressthedemandsofaswellingelderlycommunity.Manynationsarethreatenedbyashortageofhealthcareworkersbecauseofunenviabletaskssuchasbathing,feedingandchangingthediapers.Advancementsintechnologynowpresentaninnovativesolutiontothis.Japanhasnowdevelopedcarebots,specially-designedrobots,toreplacehumancaregivers.Japanisalsoworkingatmorecoordinatedcarefortheelderlywithinthecommunitywhichincludestheintegrationofhospitals,homecare,elderlycarecentresandnursinghomes.Puttinginplaceasystemthatcaneffectivelytrackandretrievethemedicalhistoryofeveryelderlyperson,Japanleveragestechnologytoprovidequalityhealthcarefortheseniors.TheuniquefeatureaboutSwedenisthatmostoftheelderlyliveintheirownhomeswheretheycontinuetoenjoylivingindependently.Localgovernmentsallocatefundsandmanageserviceswhilecitizenshavethefreedomtochoosethetypeofhomeservicesandtheirserviceprovider.Theycanapplyforhomecareservicesincludingdeliveringmealstohomes,hangingcurtains,changinglightbulbsetc.InSweden,thefocusisalsoonpreventivecare—keepingtheelderlyhealthy.Theelderlywhoareillarenotjustgivenmedicinesbutalsoaspecifictypeofphysicalactivity,wheretheirdoctorsalsomonitortheoutcome.Singaporealsoprovidesmorehomecareservicesandday-carecentreswheretheolderpeoplecangoforrehabilitativeandsocialactivities.Besides,thegovernmentiscreatingmoredementia-friendlycommunities,wheresupportcomesfromthecommunity.Variouspeoplewithinacommunitylikepolicemen,shopkeepersandothervolunteersaretrainedtoassisttheelderlywithdementia(痴呆).Withgreatercommunityawarenessandsupport,itismoreplausibleforadementiasufferertostayathomeinsteadofanursinghome.Inoursearchforthebestmodeltomeetthedemandsofaburgeoningageingpopulation,letuskeepinmindthatthereisnoone-size-fits-allsolution.Whatisimportantisshoulderingtheresponsibilitiesofcaringforthemandensuringthemtoagewellandcomfortably.26．HowdoesJapandealwiththeproblemoftheshortageofhealthcareworkers?A．Byofferingqualityhealthcarefortheseniors.B．Bytrackingthemedicalhistoryofeveryelderlyperson.C．Bydevelopingrobotsprogrammedwithcaregivingfunctions.D．Byintegratingplaceslikehospitals,homecare,andnursinghomes.27．Accordingtothepassage,whatdoSwedenandSingaporehaveincommon?A．Optionalcareservicesarebothprovidedfree.B．Independentlivingisrespectedandsupported.C．Preventivecarefortheelderlyishighlyvalued.D．Socialactivitiesandvoluntaryhelpareenjoyed.28．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Modelsforgivingtheelderlycare.B．Countrieswithanageingpopulation.C．Responsibilitiesofcaringfortheelderly.D．Demandsofagrowingelderlycommunity.EarlierthisweektheonlineUKsupermarketOcadotolditscustomersthatithad“limitedability”todelivericeream.Why?Becausethepriceofnaturalgashasincreasedgreatly,whichhashitthesupplyofCO2intheUK.Andthathasledtoacutinthesupplyofdryicethatsupermarketsusetokeepfoodcoolintheirdeliveryvans(小型货车).Sonoicecream.Thisminicrisishasbeenfairlyquicklyresolve,fornowatleast.However,thatdoesn’tmeanyoushouldn’tworry.Thisincidentservesasatimelyreminderofjusthowreliantweareonfossilfuels.Despiteouroptimisticenthusiasmforwindandsolarpower,onewayoranotheroilandgasuseisshotthrougheverypartofoureconomicandsociallives.Thatwillbethecaseformanydecadestocome.InhisrecentlyupdatedbookThereisNoPlanetB,MikeBerners-Leelaysoutthechallenge.Whenwetalkaboutshiftingfromfossilfuelstocleanenergyofonekindoranother,wearen’tdiscussingtakingtheamountofenergyweusenowandproducingthatamountinadifferentway.Instead,ourtargetisalwaysonthemove.Themoreenergywecangetourhandson,themoreweuse—evenifouruseofitbecomesmoreefficient.Energyusageisgoingtokeeprising,whileenergytransitions(转变)tendtobothtakeaverylongtimeandneveractuallyend.Wejustpilenewsourcesontopofold.Theworldstillusesmuchthesameamountoftraditionalbiomass(woodetc)asitdid100yearsago.Wearerunningtostandstill.Thiswillchange.Butnotasfastasyoumightliketothink.In2019,33percentofournewpowergenerationneedsweremetbyrenewableenergy.That’sastart.B