mk 2010年职称英语等级考试真题理工类

Thecompanyhastherighttoendhisemploymentatany Intheprocess,thelightenergyconvertstoheat Shegaveupherjobandstartedwriting We’rehappytoreportthatbusinessisboomingthis We’vebeenthroughsomeroughtimes Thethiefwasfinallycapturedtwomilesawayfromthe WhataremychancesofpromotionifIstay 8．Iproposethatwediscussthisatthenext RodmanmetwithTonytotryandsettlethedisputeoverhis Canyougiveaconcreteexampletosupportyour Itwasafascinatingpainting,withcleveruseofcolorand We’veseenamarkedshiftinourapproachtothesocial 13．IwasshockedwhenIsawthesizeofthetelephoneA. Thepolicetookfingerprintsandidentifiedthe Ifweleavenow,weshouldmissthe 及，请选择C。AGreatQuakeEveryonewholivesinSanFranciscoknowsthatearthquakesarecommonintheBayArea—andtheycanbedevastating.In1906,forexample,amajorquakedestroyedabout28,000buildingsandkilledhundreds,perhapsthousandsofpeople.Residentsnowwonderwhenthenext“BigOne”willstrike.It’sboundtohappensomeday.Atleastsevenactivefault（断层）linesrunthroughtheSanFranciscoarea.FaultsareplaceswherepiecesofEarth’scrust（地壳）slidepasteachother.Whenthesepiecesslip,thegroundToprepareforthatday,scientistsareusingnewtechniquestoreanalyzethe1906earthquakeandpredicthowbadthedamagemightbewhenthenextonehappens.Onenewfindingaboutthe1906quakeisthattheSanAndreasFaultsplitapartfasterthanscientistshadassumedatthetime.Duringsmallearthquakes,faultsrupture（断裂）atabout2.7kilometerspersecond.Duringbiggerquakes,however,rupturescanhappenatratesfasterthan3.5kilometerspersecond.Atsuchhighspeeds,massiveamountsofpressurebuildup,generatingundergroundwavesthatcancausemoredamagethanthequakeitself.LuckyforSanFrancisco,thesepressurepulses（脉冲）traveledawayfromthecityduringthe1906event.Asbadasthedamagewas,itcouldhavebeenfarLookingahead,scientistsaretryingtopredictwhenthenextmajorquakewilloccur.Recordsshowthatearthquakeswerecommonbefore1906.Sincethen,theareahasbeenrelativelyquiet.Patternsinthedata,however,suggestthattheprobabilityofamajorearthquakestrikingtheBayAreabefore2032isatleast62percent.NewbuildingsinSanFranciscoarequitesafeincaseoffuturequakes.Still,morethan84percentofthecity’sbuildingsareoldandweak.Analysessuggestthatanothermassiveearthquakewouldcauseextensivedamage.PeoplewholivetheretodaytendtofeelsafebecauseSanFranciscohasremainedprettyquietforawhile.Accordingtothenewresearch,however,it’snotamatterof“if”theBigOnewillhit.It’sjustamatterofwhen. TheSanFranciscoareaislocatedaboveseveralactivefaultlines. The1906earthquakeinSanFranciscoisthemostsevereoneinAmericanhistory. C．Notmentioned Thehighestspeedoffaultrupturesinthe1906quakewasmorethan3.5kilometerspersecond. C．NotmentionedEarthquakesrarelyhappenedinSanFranciscobefore 20．SanFranciscoisfullypreparedforanotherbigearthquake. C．Notmentioned21．Scientistswillbeabletopredicttheexacttimeofanearthquakesoon. C．Not22．AmajorearthquakestrikingSanFranciscosomedayis C．NotCellBelieveitornot,cellphoneshavebeenaroundforoveraquarterofacentury.ThefirstcommercialcellphonesystemwasdevelopedbytheJapanesein1979,butcellphoneshavechangedalotsincethattime.Theearlycellphoneswerebigandheavybuttheyhavedevelopedintosmallandlightpalmsizedmodels.Therehavebeenhugedevelopmentsintheirfunctions,too;wehavehadcallforwarding,textmessaging,answeringservicesandhands-freeuseforyears,butnowtherearecountlessnewfacilities,suchasinstantaccesstotheInternetandreceivingandsendingphotos.Cellphoneshavebecomeverycommoninourlives;recentstatisticssuggestasmanyasoneinthreepeopleontheplanetnowhaveacellphone,andmostofthemsaytheycouldn’tlivewithoutone.Cellphonesareusedineveryareaofourlivesandhavebecomeanecessarytool,usedforessentialarrangements,socialcontactandbusiness.Theyhavemadeiteasiertocallforhelponthehighway.Theyhavemadeitpossibletokeepintouchwithpeople“onthemove”—whenpeopleareCellphoneshavemadecommunicationeasierandhavereducedtheneedforfamilyarguments!Wecanusecellphonestoletourfamilyknowwe’llbelateorifthere’sasuddenchangeofplanoranemergency.Cellphoneshaveeasedtheworriesofmillionsofparentswhentheirteenagersareoutlate:theycannowcontacttheirchildrenatanytime.Thisdoesnotmeanthatcellphonesareallgoodnews.Theyhavebroughtwiththemanumberofnewheadachesfortheirowners;itcostsalottoreplacestolenphones,somethingthatisbecomingafrequentoccurrence,andhaveyoueverseensuchhugephonebills?Moreserious,however,isthepotentialhealthproblemtheybring;therearefearsthatradiationfromthephonesmaycausebraintumor（肿瘤）Thismaybeatimebombwaitingtohappentoyoungerpeoplewhohavegrownupwithcellphonesthattheysimplycan’tlivewithout!A．CellphonesandthefamilyA．CellphonesandthefamilyC．CellphonesineverydayD．CellphonesforteenagersE．HistoryofcellphonesParagraphParagraphParagraphNowadayscellphonesareequipped Cellphonesarecommoninourlivesandhave Wecanusecellphonestocommunicatewithotherswhenwe Inspiteofmanybenefits,cellphoneshavebroughtfortheir AA．anecessityC．anumberofnewE．bigandlightpalm-sizedmodelsF．countlessnewfacilities ArcticEarth’sNorthandSouthPolesarefamousforbeingcoldandicy.Lastyear,however,thea-mountoficeintheArcticOcean（北冰洋）felltoarecordlow.Normally,icebuildsinArcticwatersaroundtheNorthPoleeachwinterandshrinks（缩小）duringthesummer.Butformanyyears,theamountoficeleftbytheendofsummerhasbeenSince1979,eachdecadehasseenan11.4percentdropinend-of-summericecover.Between1981and2000,iceintheArcticlost22percentofitsthickness—becoming1.13metersthinner.Lastsummer,Arcticseaicereacheditsthinnestlevelsyet.Bytheendofsummer2007,theicehadshrunktocoverjust4.2millionsquarekilometers.That’s38percentlessareathantheaveragecoveratthattimeofyear.Andit’saverylarge23percentbelowthepreviousrecordlow,whichwassetjust2yearsago.Thiscontinuingtrendhasmadescientistsconcerned.Theremaybeseveralreasonsfortheicemelt,saysJinlunZhang,anoceanographer（海洋学家）attheUniversityofWashingtoninSeattle.UnusuallystrongwindsblewthroughtheArcticlastsummer.ThewindspushedmuchoftheiceoutofthecentralArctic,leavingalargeareaofthiniceandopenwater.ScientistsalsosuspectthatfewercloudscovertheArcticnowthaninthepast.Clearerskiesallowmoresunlighttoreachtheocean.Theextraheatwarmsboththewaterandtheatmosphere.InpartsoftheArcticOceanlastyear,surfacetemperatureswere3.5℃;warmerthanaverageand1.5℃warmerthanthepreviousrecordhigh.Withbothairandwatergettingwarmer,theiceismeltingfrombothaboveandbelow.InsomepartsoftheBeaufortSea,northofAlaskaandwesternCanada,icethatmeasured3.3metersthickatthebeginningofthesummermeasuredjust50cmbyseason’send.Thenewmeasurementssuggestthatmeltingisfarmoreseverethanscientistshaveseenbyjustlookingaticecoverfromabove.SomescientistsfearthattheArcticisstuckinawarmingtrendfromwhichitmayneverrecover.Theword“builds"inparagraph2couldbebestreplacedbyBytheendofsummer2007theicecoverintheArcticA．38millionsquareB．4.2millionsquareC．1.13millionsquareWhatmaybesomeofthereasonsfortheicemeltintheArctic?A．Unusuallystrongwindsandclearerskies.B．HeavycloudsandlightC．LongersummersandshorterD．ThiniceandopenTheBeaufortSeamentionedinparagraph7isanexampletohowaccuratethenewmeasurementshowthicktheiceisinhowserioustheproblemoftheicemeltintheArctichowdangerousitistotraveltoItcanbelearnedfromthelastsentencethatA．theicemeltintheArcticmayneverstop.scientistsaretryinghardtostoptheicemeltintheArctic.C．scientistsaredelightedtofindoutwhatisgoingonintheArctic.D．thewarmingtrendintheArcticcanbereversedinthenearfuture. SharingDeafteenagersOrlandoChavezandGermanResendizhavebeenfriendssincekindergarten（幼儿园）Togetherthetwoboys,whogotoEscondidoHighSchoolinCalifornia,havehadthedifficultjoboflearninginschoolswherethemajorityofthestudentscanspeakandhear.Orlandolosthishearingattheageofone,Germanwasborndeaf,andhisparentsmovedfromMexicotofindaschoolwherehecouldlearnsignlanguage.HemetOrlandoontheirfirstdayof“Wewereinaspecialclasswithabout25otherdeafkids.”Germanremembers.“Beforethen,didn’tknowIwasdeafandthatIwas“Beingyounganddeafinregularclasseswasveryhard,”signsOrlando.“Theotherkidsdidn’tunderstandusandwedidn’tunderstandthem.Butwe'veallgrownuptogether,andtoday.I’mpopularbecauseI’mdeaf.Kidstryhardtocommunicatewithme.”Somethingsareverydifficultforthetwoboys.“Wecan’ttalkonthephone,soifweneedhelp,wecan’tcallanemergencyservice,"Germansigns.“Andwecan'torderfoodinadrive-thru.”Despitetheirdifficulties,thetwoboyshavefoundworkputtingfoodinbagsatalocalsupermarket.Theygottheirjobsthrougha“workability”program,designedforteenagersfromlocalschoolswithdifferenttypesoflearningdisabilities.GermanhasworkedinthesupermarketsinceAugust,andOrlandostartedin“Theotherpeoplewhoworkherehavebeenverynicetous,"Orlandosigns.“Theyevensignsometimes.Atfirst,wewerenervous,butwe’velearnedalotandwe'regettingbetter.”Theopportunitytoearnmoneyhasbeenexciting,bothboyssaid.Afterhighschool,theyhopetoattendtheNationalTechnicalInstitutefortheDeafinNewYork.OrlandoandGermanhavetoMexicodeafsincetheyweretodifferenthighfriendssincetheywereveryAccordingtothepassage,thedifficultyforOrlandoandGermanistheycan’tcommunicatewiththeirtheyarenotallowedtotalkonthetheycan’torderfoodinadrive-theyarenotsupposedtouseemergencyBothOrlandoandGermanhavefoundtheirjobsA．afast-foodB．aC．atechnicalD．alocalTheword“emergency”inparagraph5isclosestinmeaningtoBothboysarehappydesignprogramsfortheworkattheNationalTechnicalInstituteforthehelpstudentswithlearninghavetheopportunitytoearn WalkingtoExercisetheDoyouthinksittingandstudyingallthetimewillimprovestudents'grades?Thinkagain,(jettingsomeexercisemayhell),too.Newresearchwitholderpeoplesuggeststhattakingregularwalkshelpsthempayattentionbetterthaniftheydidn’texercise.Previousresearchhadshownthatmicelearn,remember,andpayattentionbetterafterafewweeksofworkingoutonarunningwheel.Micethatexercisehavegreaterbloodflowtothebrainthanthosewhodon't.Theirbraincellsalsomakemoreconnections.Neuroscientists（神经科学家）fromtheUniversityofIllinoisatUrbana-Champaignwantedfindoutifthesamethingistrueforpeople.First,theymeasuredthephysicalfitnessof41adults,ages58to77,aftereachpersonwalked1mile.Then,participantslookedatarrowsonacomputerscreenandhadtousecomputerkeystoshowwhichwayoneparticulararrowwaspointing.Adultswhowerephysicallyfitwerefasteratthearrowtask,andtheiranswerswerejustasaccurateastheirless-fitpeers,theresearchersfound.Thefitterparticipantsalsohadmorebloodflowtoapartoftheirbrainresponsibleforpayingattentionandmakingdecisions.Inasecondstudy,15elderlypeoplewhocompleteda6-monthaerobic-training（有氧运动）coursewerefasteratattentiontaskscomparedwith14seniorswhojustdidstretchingandtoning（韵律操）exercisesforthesameamountoftime.So,evengoingforawalkevery2or3daysforjust10to45minutescanhelp.Thatshouldbegoodnewsfortheelderly.Theeffectsofexercisingonthebrainsofyoungerpeoplehaven’tbeenstudiedyet.Still,itcan'thurttotakeoccasionalbreaksandgoforawalkorrunaroundwithfriends.Whateveryoudo,though,don'ttrytoreadandwalkatthesametime.Youcouldenduphurtingyourself!losebecomehappierD．lookyounger.Aftertakingexerciseforafewweeks,themicewerefoundtohigherbloodmorebloodflowtothebetterThefirststudyon41elderlypeopletheless-fitparticipantsdidarrowtasksthefitterparticipantsdidarrowtaskstheless-fitparticipantsgavemoreaccuratethefitterparticipantsgavemoreaccurateItcanbegoodforhealthwhenonetakesawalkevery2or3daysforatA．3B．45C．30D．10ItissuggestedinthelastparagraphthatpeoplerunaroundonceanotreadandwalkatthesamegoforawalkeverynothurttheirfriendswhileHouseoftheWhatwillhousesbelikeinthirtyyears’time?Noonereallyknows,butarchitectsaretryingto Futurehouseswillhavetobeflexible.Inthirtyyears'timeevenmoreofuswillbefromhome.Sowewillhavetobeabletouseareasofthehouseforworkforpartofthedayandforlivingfortherest.Familiesgrowandchangewithchildrenarriving,growingupandleavinghome.(47)Nothingwillbeasfixedasitisnow.Thehousewillalwaysbechangingtomeetchangingneeds.Everyoneagreesthatinthirtyyears’timewewillbelivingin“intelligent”houses.Wewillbeabletotalktoourkitchenmachinesanddiscusswiththemwhattodo.Likethis:“We’llbehavingapartythisweekend.Whatfoodshallwecook?” (48)Wewillbeabletoleavemostofthecookingtothemachines,justtastingthingsfromtimetotimetocheck.Thehouseofthefuturewillbepersonal—eachhousewillbedifferent. (49)Youwon’thavetopaintthem—you'llbeabletotellthewalltochangethecolor!Andifyoudon'tlikethecolorthenextday,youwillbeabletohaveanewone. YouwillbeabletochangethecolorofthewallTheonlythingyouwon'tbeabletodoismovethehousesomewhereAndthemachinewilltelluswhatfoodwewillhavetobuyandhowtocookWhatwillourhomebelikeThehouseofthefuturewillhavetogrowandchangewiththeThekidsmighttaketheirbedroomswiththemastheySeeingRedMeansDangerThecolorredoftenmeansdanger—andbypayingattention,accidentscanbeprevented.Inthefuture,thecolorredalsomayhelp (51)dangeratconstructionsites.Thankstonewworkbyengineers,bridgesupports—or (52)kindsofmaterials—couldonedaycontainacolor-changingmaterial.Itwillturnred (53)astructurecollapsesorfallsapart.Thesecret (54)thecolor-changingmaterialisaparticulartypeofmolecule（分子）Amoleculeisagroupofatoms（原子）heldtogetherbychemicalbonds.Moleculescome(55)allshapesandsizes,andmakeup (56)youcansee,touchorfeel.Howamoleculebehavesdependson (57)kindsofatomsitcontains,andhowthey’reheldtogether.Whenapolyme（聚合物）containingacolor-changingmoleculecalledamechanophore（机械响应性聚合物）isabouttobreak,itproducesa (58).Whenapolymerwithmechanophoremoleculesbecomes“injured”or (59),oneofthemechanophorebonds (60)andthematerialturnsred.“It’sareallysimpledetectionmethod,”saysNancySottos,oneofthescientistswhoworkedontheproject.Sottosandherteamtestedthecolor-changingpolymersintheirlab.The (61)provedencouraging.Thereisawaytogetridoftheredcolor;light.Whenabrightlightisshoneonthemechanophore,thebrokenbondisfixed—andtheredcolor (62).This“self-healing”maybeaproblemforengineers.Theyneedtousethecolor-changerinbigconstructionprojectsthatwill (63),insunlight.Andsunlightwillmakethemechanophore’swarningsystemSottosandherfellowscientistsstillhave (65)worktodobeforethecolor-changingmoleculescanbeusedoutsidethelab.C．the65．A．apairB．atypeC．alotD．apart1234567891113151719202123242627293031323436373839404142434445464748505153545556575960626364651～15115分；16～2217分；23～3018分；试卷满分：100分。sto（他停止了机器。A项意为“提供”，例：Themanagementwillprovidefoodanddrink.管理部门将供应饮食。C项意为“给予”，例：Thecompanyhasofferedahighsalary.公司已提出高薪相聘。D项意为“继续"，例：Propertyvaluescontinuetoadvancerapidly.房地产价格继 to/intoBchanges（变化）意思相近，又如：Letmechangethedollarbillforcoins.让我把这张美元的纸钞换成硬币。A项意为“减少”，例：Heistryingtoreduceexpenses.他正努力减少开支。C项意为“离开”，例：Maryleftschoollastyearandsheisworkinginashopnow.玛丽去年退了学，现正在一家andleavethebuildingatonce.如果听到火發，立即停止手头的一切工作，马上离开建筑物。 划线词组为动词词组，意思是“放弃"giveupAabandoned（放弃、拋弃意思相近，又如：Forsomeusers,theabsenceofthissimpleUndoissufficientgroundstoabandonaproductentirely.对于某些用户来说，缺少简单的撤销功能，可能就会完全放弃某个产品。BCountyboroughslosttheirautonomy.自治郡失去了它们你走时别忘了带伞。D项意为“创造”，例：Thebestwaytopredictthefutureistocreateit.Bsuccessful（成功的，圆满的）意思相近，又如：Heisasuccessfulcharacteractor.A项意为“冒险的”，例：Itisariskyundertaking.C项意为“失败的，衰退的”，例：Hiseyesightisfailing.D项意为“开放的”，例：IsthemuseumopenonSundays?博物馆星期天都开放吗？5．Cdifficutaren’tweallhappyandsuccessful?D项意为“短的”，例：Thecoatisrathershortinthesleeves.这件大衣的袖子很短。 myhopes.这使我的希望破灭了。C项意为“找到”，例：Newtonfoundthatallmassesattracteachother.牛顿发现所有的物质都相互吸引。D项意为“监禁；拘留”，例：Hewenttojailfordrunkendriving.他因酒后开车入狱。如：Theaimofauniversityshouldbetheadvancementoflearning.大学的目标应是促进学术的发展。A项意为“退休"，例：Shetooktopaintingafterretirement.她退休后爱上了绘画。B替”，例：Weneedareplacementforthesecretarywholeft.我们需要一个人代替已离职的秘 atourofthemuseum.我提议去参观博物馆。B项意为“要求，请求”，例：Theworkersaredemandingbetterpay.工人要求提高工资。C项意为“命令”，例:Thedoctororderedsilence.医生命令保持安静。D项意为“要求，请求”，例：Youarerequestednottosmoke.请不要 myfinancialtroubles.请帮我解决经济困难。B项意为“避免”，例：Ithinkhe’savoidingme.我觉得他在躲着我。C项意为“做记号”，例：Pricesaremarkedonthegoods.商品上都标 Aspecific（具体的，确切的）为同义词，又如：Whatareyourspecificaims?B项意为“真实的”，例：WasitawhenIwasill.我生病时他对我关怀备至。 Bwonderful（出色的，极好的）意思相近，又如：Thespiritofthemovementwaswonderful.这次运动的精神极好。A项意为 ProfessorSmithgaveaclearexplanationoftheexperiment.史密斯教授对这次实验做了清晰当起火的时候，一切似乎都很正常。C项意为“迅速的”，例：Heisquicktoact.他行动迅速。D项意为“伟大的，优秀的”，例：Itwasagreatdecisionforher.这对她来说是一个重 excitedwheneverIheartheplayingofournationalanthem.每当听到我们国歌的演奏，我都很激动。B项意为“生气的”，例：Iwasangrywithmyself.C项意为“失去的”，例：Theartofgoodconversationseemslost.高雅谈吐的艺术似已不复存在。 rconie（yourumbrella?你能认出你的雨伞吗？；B项意为“错过；未出席”，例：Youmissedthemeeting.你没来参加会议。C项意为“发现”，例：ColumbusdiscoveredAmerica.哥伦布发 generalmanagerdire