2022年9月大学英语四级考试真题听力文本

2022年9月大学英语四级考试真题PartⅡListeningComprehensionSectionANewsReportOne【听力原文】Whitemeat,suchaschicken,mayraisebloodcholesterollevelsasmuchasredmeatdoes.[1]Thisfindingsurprisedresearcherswhoadmittedtheydidn’texpectthateatingwhitemeatwouldleadtohigherbloodcholesterollevels.Inthestudy,researcherslookedat113healthypeople.Theparticipantsatethreedifferentdiets.Thesewerearedmeatdietwhichisprimarilybeef,awhitemeatdietwhichismostlychickenandturkey,andavegetarianproteindiet.Eachdietperiodwasfourweeks.Betweenthedietperiods,participantshadabreak,duringwhichtheyatetheirregularfoods.Inaddition,participantshadbloodtestsatthestartandfinishofeachnewdiet.Theresultsshowedthatwhiteandredmeatdietshadthesameeffectsonbloodcholesterollevels.Further,bothdietsincreasedbloodcholesterollevelscomparedwiththedietbuiltonvegetarianproteinsources.[2]Theteamacknowledgedthatitispossiblethatwhitemeatisbetterforourhealththanredmeat,despitetheirfindings.Thisisbecauseothereffectsofredmeatconsumptioncouldcontributetoheartdiseasearethatpeopleeatlessofbothkindsofmeatandmorevegetarianprotein.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1.Whatdowelearnfromthenewsreportaboutthestudy?2.Whatdidtheresearchersacknowledge?NewsReportTwo【听力原文】Ataroundhalfpastninethismorning,atrailerattachedtoalorryturnedoveratthecrossingofHighStreetinMilton.Hundredsof[3]frozenturkeyswerespilledallovertheroad.Itisreportedthatnobodywashurtintheincident,butpolicesaiditmayaffecttrafficandChristmasdinners.WithjustoneweektogobeforeChristmas,thereareworriesthatlocalsupermarketsuppliesofthisholidayfavoritemaybeaffected.Apolicespokeswomansaidthatofficerswerecurrentlyinattendanceatthescene.Shestatedthatthedriverofthelorryhadbeenarrestedonsuspicionofdangerousdriving.ThecrossingonHighStreetisawell-knownaccidentblackspot.[4]Thisyearalone,therehavebeenseventrafficaccidentsatthislocation.Thankfully,noneoftheseaccidentshaveresultedinseriousinjury.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3.WhatdoesthenewsreportsayabouttheaccidentatthecrossingofHighStreetinMilton?4.NewsReportThree【听力原文】IndialauncheditshelicoptertaxiserviceonMonday,promisingtoferrycustomersthe40milesbetweenBangalore’sElectronicCitytechhubandtheinternationalairportterminalin15minutes.CustomerscanbooktheirhelicopterridethroughamobileApp.Theservice,whichclaimstobethefirstofitskindinIndia,offersonlyoneroute,[5]butBangaloreairportwilladdmoreonceitgetsapproval.Helicoptertaxiisnotanaffordableoptionformanytravelers.[6]Acarrideforthesamejourneycostslessthanhalfasmuch.[7]ButBangaloreairportsaysitisacompetitivealternativetoacarridefortechexecutivesinahurry.“Alargenumberofhigh-classtravelers,includingCEOs,havetospendmorethanthreehoursbyroadtogetthere—andthatisalossoftime,”aBangaloreairportspokespersonsaid.“Thisisnotalowcostoption,butitisanoption,”sheadded.Thehelicoptersferriedaround8customerstotheairportontheirfirstday.ThecompanythatownsandoperatestheserviceiscalledThumbyAviation.Itpreviouslyspecializedinprivatecharterflightsforgovernmentofficials.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5.WhatisBangaloreairporttryingtodoaboutthehelicoptertaxiservice?6.Whatdowelearnfromthenewsaboutthehelicoptertaxiride?7.Whoarethetargetedcustomersofthehelicoptertaxiservice?SectionBConversationOne【听力原文】W: [8]Hi,Iwishtobuysomecheeseforabarbecuethisweekend.M: Whatkindwouldyoulike?W: M: That’seasy.Forabarbecue,youcouldhaveanycheeseyouwant.Iimaginetherewillbedifferentfoodsandpeoplewilljusthelpthemselvesandeatattheirownpace,right?W: Yes,exactly.Itwillbeverycasual.[8]WewilljustbeasmallgroupoffriendsgatheringtogetheratWashingtonPark.Therewillbearound20ofus,includingchildren.M: Great.[9]Soyoucouldhavedifferenttypesofcheese.Howmuchwouldyouliketospend?W: Notverymuch.Let’ssay$30.M: [9]Iwouldsuggesthavingatleastonesoftcheeseandonehardcheese.Thatwillofferyouagoodvarietytosuitdifferentpeople’stastes.W: Thatsoundsgood.What’sthedifferencebetweenasoftcheeseandahardcheese?M: Well,itdepends.Butgenerallyspeaking,softcheesesarecreamyandgowellwithsweetthingslikehoneyandjam.IwouldsuggestsomethinglikethisSpanishgoatcheese.It’sonly$15,averygoodprice.Youcanspreaditonbreadwithaknife,andthenaddatinybitofhoneyontop.It’sdelicious.[10]Childrenloveit.W: Okay,great.Whataboutahardcheese?M: Yes,forhardcheese,IwouldrecommendthisItalianonehere.Ithasaverystrongsmellandadryflavor.Youcancutitintothinslicesandeatitonitsown.It’s$16.W: Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.Whatdoesthewomanplantodofortheweekend?9.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?11.Whatisthewomangoingtodoattheendoftheconversation?ConversationTwo【听力原文】M: Ourschoolisreplacingprintedtextbookswithe-textbooksnextsemester.Ican’twait.W: Really?Whataboutthecost?[12]Notonlybuyingallthosetablets,butthesoftwareandelectronicinfrastructurethatgoeswithit,nottomentionretrainingalltheteachersandadministrationstaff.M: Sure,theinitialexpenditurewillbehigh,butmuchlowerafterwards.Besidesthat,tabletpricescontinuetodropandarebecomingincreasinglyaffordable.[13]Anyway,tabletshelpstudentslearnupto80%faster.W: Notnecessarily.[14]Tabletshavetoomanydistractions.StudentsmaypayattentiontoApps,games,andwebsitesinsteadoftheirteachers.Infact,researchsuggeststhatpeoplewhoreadprintedtextscomprehendmore,remembermoreandlearn30%morethanthosewhoreaddigitaltexts.M: Yes,buttabletscontainmanytechnologicalfeaturesthatarenotfoundinprintedtextbooks.W: destructiveanddangeroustohumanhealth.Thehealthimpactsfrommakingoneelectronicreaderare70timesgreaterthanthosefrommakingasingleprintedbook.Alotofmineralsareextractedfromtheearthtomakeelectronicreaders.[15]Itdoesfarmoredamagetotheenvironment.M: Yes,butthesoftwareforelectronicreaderscanbeupdatedinstantlywithouttheneedforbuyingawholelotofnewbooks.That’sbetterfortheenvironment.W: Butthecorecurriculumdoesn’tchangethatmuch.Printedtextbooksthatarenotbrandnewstillcontainthebasicrelevantinformationofcoresubjects.M: Well,I’mlookingforwardtothechange.W: I’llstickwithmyprintedbooks.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.13.Accordingtotheman,howcantheuseoftabletsbenefitstudents?14.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutstudentsusingtablets?15.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutmakingelectronicreaders?SectionCPassageOne【听力原文】[16]Insocialpsychology,theterm“personperception”referstothementalprocessesthatweusetoformimpressionsofotherpeople.Itincludesnotjusthowweformtheseimpressions,buttheconclusionswemakeaboutotherpeoplebasedonourimpressions.[16]Considerhowoftenyoumakethiskindofjudgmenteveryday.Whenyoumeetwithanewcoworker,youimmediatelybegintodevelopaninitialimpressionofthisperson.Whenyouvisitthegrocerystore,youmightdrawconclusionsaboutthecashierwhochecksyouout.Obviously,[17]personperceptionisaverysubjectiveprocessthatcanbeaffectedbyanumberofvariables,includingthecharacteristicsofthepersonyouareobserving,thecontextofthesituation,yourownpersonaltraitsandyourpastexperiences.[18]Oneofthetechniquesweuseinpersonperceptionissocialcategorization.Inthisprocess,wementallycategorizepeopleintodifferentgroupsbasedoncommoncharacteristics.[18]Problemswiththistechniqueincludethefactthatitcanleadtoerrorsandprejudice.Imaginethatyouaregettingonabus.Thereareonlytwoseatsavailable.Oneisnexttoasmallelderlywoman;theotherisnexttoamuscular,fierce-lookingman.Yousitnexttotheelderlywoman,whounfortunatelyturnsouttobequiteskilledatpickingpockets.Becauseofsocialcategorization,youimmediatelyjudgethewomanasharmlessandthemanasthreatening,leadingtothelossofyourwallet.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.17.Whatdowelearnaboutpersonperceptionfromthispassage?18.Whatistheproblemwithusingsocialcategorizationinpersonperception?PassageTwo【听力原文】Despitesmartphonesandsocialmedia,youngpeopletodayareassociallycompetentasthosefromthepreviousgeneration.Atleastthisiswhatanewstudysuggests.[19]Forthestudy,researcherscomparedteacherandparentevaluationsofAmericanchildrenwhostartedkindergartenin1998withthosewhobeganschoolin2010.Theformergroupenteredkindergartenwhenmobilephoneswereluxuries.Thelattergroupstartedschoolwhenmobiledeviceswerewidespread.[19]Resultsshowedbothgroupsofchildrenwereratedsimilarlyonimportantsocialskills.Theseincludedtheabilitytoformandmaintainfriendshipsandgetalongwithpeoplewhoaredifferent.Theywerealsoratedsimilarlyonself-control,suchastheabilitytoregulatetheirtemper.Invirtuallyeverycomparisonmade,ratingsofsocialskillseitherremainedconstantorimprovedforthechildrenbornlater.Therewasoneexception:[20]Socialskillswereslightlylowerforchildrenwhoaccessedonlinegamesandsocialnetworkingsitesmanytimesaday.[21]Adultsareworriedwhentechnologicalchangestartstounderminetraditionalrelationships,particularlytheparent-childrelationship.Theintroductionoftelephones,automobilesandradioallledtomoralpanicamongadultsofthetime,becausethetechnologyallowedchildrentoenjoymorefreedom.Fearsoverscreen-basedtechnologyrepresentthemostrecentpanicinresponsetotechnologicalchange.Butoverall,thestudyfoundlittleevidencethattimeQuestions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.Whatdoesthenewstudysuggestaboutyoungpeopletodayandthosefromthepreviousgeneration?20.Whatdidthestudyfindaboutchildrenwhoaccessedsocialnetworkingsitesmanytimesaday?21.PassageThree【听力原文】It’seasytospendalldaysearchingforinspiration.Youcanfindincrediblevideos,articlesandnewsstoriesaboutthesuccessofothers.[22]Theproblemisthatconsumingthesuccessandideasofothersispassiveinspiration.Everytimeyoureadanarticleorlistentoaninterview,youarepracticingpassiveinspiration.Youmightlearnsomething,butyoudon’tactuallyhavetodoanything.Hearingaboutotherpeople’ssuccessisn’tthesameascreatingyourown.Instead,itisthroughtheprocessofactiveinsp