2017-2018学年高中英语Module4GreatScientistsSection

#HHIntroduction&Module4GreatScientistsSectionReading-LanguagePoints识记淆单——把基础打牢、这样记单词记得准•写得对记得快•记得多I.基础词汇biologyn. 生物学figuren.人物speciesn.（动物或植物的）种yieldn.产量breakthroughn. 突破supportvt. 支持convertvt. 改变；转换exportvt.出口replacevt. 取代；以 代替quantity n.数量quality n. 质量拓展词汇producern.生产者producev.生产tproduct n.产品tproduction n.生产，产量2.leadingadj.主要的tleader n.领袖tleadv.带领，通往3.educatevt.教育teducation n.教育teducatorn.教育者4.originaladj.原来的：最初的toriginn.起源toriginally adv.最初，原先5.agriculture n.农业tagricultural adj.农业的1.leadingadj.主要的［同义］major,chief,primarybreakthrough n.突破［词块］makeabreakthrough 取得突破；攻破［联想］breakthrough是由短语breakthrough构成的合成词，类似的还有：putout生产，输出toutput n.产量，输出breakout爆发toutbreak n.爆发，发作comeout出现toutcomen.结果，后果standout突出，显眼toutstandingadj.杰出的yield n.产量［同义］ production;outputexport vt.&n.出口［反义］importv.&n.进口quantity n.数量［比较］qualityn.质量producer n.生产者［记法］后缀-er疋名词的标志，表示从事某种职业的人①photographer摄影师 ②performer演出人员③cleaner清洁工④reporter记者manager经理⑥writer作家

7.convert vt.改变；转换［同义］ change;switch、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块l.bringup 培养；养1.aleadingfigure 一位杰出人育士2.asaresultof 由于 的结果2.givesb.anickname 给某人起绰号3.experimentwithsth. 用某物做实验3.makeabreakthrough 取得突破4.bringin_赚（钱）；带进；传入4.differenttypesof 不冋类型的 5.thekeyto... 的关键5.fromalloverChina 来自全国各地6.beinterestedin... 对 感兴趣6.cashcrop 经济作物7.riseby_增加了7.cropbreeding 作物育种8.convert...to..._ 把 转变成 8.cometrue实现9.carryout 贯彻，实施，执行9.inthefieldofscienee 在科学领域三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Hethoughtthatthekeytofeedingpeoplewas tohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly.他认为，解决人们吃饭问题的关键在于拥有更多的稻米， 并且能更快地生产出来。不定式短语作表语，表示对主语的解释说明。IthinkthatthekeytolearningEnglishwellistopracticemore.我认为学好英语的关键是多加练习。2.Hethoughttherewasonlyonewaytodothis—bycrossingdifferent speciesofriceplant...他想只有一种方法可以做这件事——通过杂交不同品种way作“方式，方法”讲时，其后面常接todo或ofdoing作定语。ShecouldnoIongerfindawaytogetintothevalley.她再也找不到进山谷的路了。

的水稻……3.Itsyieldismuchgreaterthantheyieldofothertypesofrice growninPakistan.它的产量比巴基斯坦种植的其他类型的水稻要咼很多。过去分词（短语）作后置定语。Thefilmsdirected_by_Feng_Xiaogangispopularwithyoungpeople.冯小刚导演的电影很受年轻人的欢迎。重点I详析——将新知全握□第一板块I核心词汇集释1.（教材P32）lntherice-growingworld,theChinesescientist.YuanLongping,isaleadingfigure.在水稻种植领域，中国科学家袁隆平是一位杰出人士。figuren.人物；数字；体形；图形vt.计算；认为写出下列句中figure的含义①HeisanimportantpoliticalfigureinIndianhistory.人物②Thewall iscoveredwithfiguresofbirdsandflowers.图形③Iwillexercisemoretokeepmyfigure.体形④Addallthe figures,andyou'llgetalargerone.数字figureout计算出；想出；弄明白,理解keepone'sfigure保持体形⑤Samcouldn't figureouthowtoprintoutthedocumentuntiltheteachershowedittohim.直到老师给萨姆做了演示之后，他才明白怎样把文档打印出来。⑥Manywomenwanttokeeptheirfigure sbytakingmoreexercisethesedays.如今，很多女性都想通过多运动保持体形。形象记忆形象记忆broughtupinChina.2.（教材P32）YuanLongpingwasbornandbroughtupinChina.袁隆平在中国出生并长大。bringup培养，养育；提出；呕吐写出下列句中bringup的含义Hebroughtupapracticalplaninthemeeting,whichbroughtdownthecostofproduction.提出Hewasdrunkandbroughtupwhathehadeatenatmidnight. 呕吐③Herparentsdiedwhenshewasababyandshewas养育broughtupbyheraunt.bringabout引起；导致bringback归还；使想起bringdown降低；减少bringin引进；赚得，挣得④Thequestionwhetheritisgoodforchildrentobebrought upbytheirgrandparentsbroughtaboutaheateddiscussion.孩子被他们的祖父母抚养大是否对孩子有好处这个问题引起了一场热烈的讨论。Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestobringdownthehighpricesofdailygoodstokeepthemarketstable.为了使市场稳定，政府已采取措施降低日用品的高价格。Newideashavebeenbroughtjp_sinceChinawasopenedtotheoutsideworld.中国自对外开放以来，弓1进了很多新的思想。3.（教材P32）Thisw这是一个突破。asthebreakthrough.breakthrough n.（知识或技术领域的重大）突破makeabreakthrough取得突破（进展）breakthrough冲破，突破，克服Animportant breakthroughinmedicalresearchhasbeenachieved.医学研究院已取得了重大突破。Scientistshavemade abreakthroughintheirtreatmentofthatdisease.科学家在治疗那种疾病方面已有所突破。Oursoldiersquicklybroke throughtheenemy'sdefeneeworks.我们的战士很快突破了敌人的防御工事。（教材P32）Theresearchwassupportedbythegovernment.这项研究得到了政府的支持。supportvt.支持，拥护；供养，抚养；支撑，托住 n.支撑物；支持写出下列句中support的词性及意思

supporttheplantobuildaThemajorityofpeopleinthetownstronglysupporttheplantobuildaplaygroundforchildren. v.支持，拥护Wecouldn'twinthematchwithouttheir support.n.支持ThemiddlepartofthebridgeisHeneedsahigherincometosupportedbytwohugetowers. v.支撑，托住supportsuchabigfamily.v.供养，抚养supportsb.insth.在••…•方面支持某人insupportof支持,拥护withthesupportof在••…•的支持下⑤In_support_ofhissister,hesoldhisonlyhousetopaytheschoolfee.为了支持他的妹妹，他卖掉了他唯一的房子为妹妹支付学费。⑥WebelieveChina-NorthKoreatieswillbe withthesupportoftheleadersandpeopleofthetwocountries.我们相信中朝两国的关系会得到两国人民及领导人的支持。（教材P32）AsaresultofYuanLongping'sdiscoveries Chinesericeproductionroseby47.5percentinthe1990's.由于袁隆平的发现，中国的水稻产量在 20世纪90年代增长了47.5%。asaresultof因为，由于（表示原因）；作为 的结果⑴asaresult结果，因此withoutresult(=invain)徒劳地，无结果地(2)resultin导致，造成（后接结果）（=leadto/bringabout）resultfrom起因于，因……而造成（后接原因）Thefootballmatchwasputoff asaresultofthestorm.由于暴风雨，足球赛被推迟了。Hislaziness resulted』_hisfailure;that'stosay,hisfailureresulted_fromhislaziness.懒惰导致了他的失败，也就是说，他的失败是由于他的懒惰造成的。Hestudiedhardlasttermand, asaresult,hepassedtheexamination.上学期他学习很用功，结果考试及格了。［辨析比较］ asaresult,asaresultofasaresult意为“因此；结果”，后面的部分表示结果，用在句中常用逗号隔开asaresultof意为“作为……的结果；由于”， of后跟名词、代词或动名词，表示原因选用上述短语完成句子As_a_re§Ut_ofthebigfire,thousandsofpeoplelosttheirhomes.=Therewasabigfire.As_a_result,_thousandsofpeoplelosttheirhomes.由于这场大火，数以万计的人们失去了家园。（教材P32）Thenewricereplacedvegetablesin50thousandsquarekilometres.在5万平方千米的田地中，这种新型水稻种植取代了蔬菜种植。replacevt.取代，以 代替；放回原处Youhavetoreplacethebooksontheshelvesbeforeyouleave.你离开之前必须把书放回书架上。Doyouthinkitispossiblethatrobotswill replacetheworkersintheworkplaceinthefuture?你认为未来机器人会取代工人工作吗？replacesth.with/bysth. 用/以 代替/替换 taketheplaceof=takeone'splace 代替inplaceof 代替Itisstillunderdiscussionwhethertheoldbusstationshouldbereplacedwithamodernhotelornot.老汽车站是否应该被一个现代化的宾馆代替仍然在讨论之中。JohnisillandIwanttoknowwhoisgoingto replacehim.tJohnisillandIwanttoknow whoisgoingtotaketheplaceofhim/takehisplace.约翰病了，我想知道谁将代替他。（教材P33）Ayieldreferstoquantity产量指的是数量。quantityn.数量（1） alargequantityof+ 可数名词/不可数名词大量的（作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式）largequantitiesof +n. 可数名词/不可数名词大量的（作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式 ）（2） inquantity 大量地，成批地Nowmanycompaniesaremoreconcernedwithqualitythanwith quantity现在很多公司对质量比对产量更重视。Aquantityofmoney hasbeenspentinbringinguphischildren.=Quantitiesofmoneyhavebeenspent（spend）inbringinguphischildren.他在教育孩子方面花了许多钱。in_quantitynextyear.③Thismedicinewillbeproducedin_quantitynextyear.这种药明年将要大量生产。［名师点津］alargequantityof和largequantitiesof 后既可修饰可数名词也修饰不可数名词，修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词的数和 quantity 的数保持一致，即quantity若是单数，则谓语动词用单数；反之，则谓语动词用复数。口第二板块I重点句型解构Hethoughtthatthekeytofeedingpeoplewastohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly.他认为，解决人们吃饭问题的关键在于拥有更多的稻米，并且能更快地生产出来。句中tohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly 是不定式短语作表语，表示对主语的解释说明。Ourdutyis tohelptheyoungchildrentogrowbetter.我们的职责是帮助孩子们更好地成长。Mydreamisto_be(be)anexpertineducation.我的梦想是当一个教育方面的专家。Ourplanis to_set_upanothermiddleschoolforthepeasants'children.我们的计划是给农民子弟再建一所中学。［名师点津］不定式短语作表语时，若主语部分含有动词 do的某种形式，在不定式中的to可以省略。Theonlythingthatshewantstodonowis (to)goforaholiday.现在她唯一想做的事就是去度假。Hethoughttherewasonlyonewaytodothis—bycrossingdifferentspeciesofriceplant,andthenhecouldproduceanewplantwhichcouldgiveahigheryieldthaneitheroftheoriginalplants.他想只有一种方法可以做这件事一一通过杂交不同品种的水稻， 然后他可以培育出一种新的水稻，这种水稻可以比原先的任何一种产量更高。本句中的way作“方式，方法”讲，其后面常接三种形式的定语：不定式thewaytodosth.动名词thewayofdoingsth.定语从句theway错误!①Asfarasrmconcerned,thereisonlyonepossibleway tokeep/ofkeepingawayfromthedanger.

②Idon'tliketheway②Idon'tliketheway(in_which/that)hespeaks.我不喜欢他说话的方式。Theway(that/which)hetoldussurprisedallofus.他告诉我们的方法使我们所有人都很吃惊。课时检测把知能落实课时检测把知能落实课堂••迁移训练课堂••迁移训练I.单句语法填空Uptonow,largequantitiesoffoodhave_been_sent(send) toAfricatosavethestarvingpeople.Moreandmorepeoplerealizethatthekeyto_solving(solve)theproblemisto_reduce(reduce)pollution.Tomisthefirststudentto_work(work)outthemathproblem.Sincethenfindingwaysto_grow(grow)morepeanutshasbeenhislifegoal.Doeshehavetheabilityto_do(do)thework?Theprofessorthoughtthattheideatheyoungengineerbroughtupwasworthconsidering.Parentsalwayssupporttheirchildrenintheireducation.Ithasbeendiscoveredthatthetraffic accidentresultedfromthedriver'scarelessdriving.Weareplanningtoreplacetheoldmachineswith/bysomenewones.Wecan'tfigureoutwhyquiteanumberofinsects,birds,andanimalsaredyingout.n.选词填空bringup,makeabreakthrough,beinterestedin,figureout,inplaceof,asaresultof,insupportof,inquantityHaveyoufiguredouthowmuchduringtheholidayyouwillcost?Yoursuggestionwillbebroughtupatthenextmeeting.Chinamade_a_great_breakthroughintheHanDynastyinprinting.It'sapitythatonlyafewpeoplespokeinsupportoftheproposal._

inthefinalexamas_a_result_ofherMaryisagoodstudent,butshefailedillness.inthefinalexamas_a_result_ofherIwillgotothismeetingin_place_ofyou,ifyouarenotfree.It'salotcheaperifyoubuyitin_quantity. Unfortunately,fewerandfewerpeopleare」nterested」nreading.课下・二层级课下・二层级•提能训练一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高I.单词拼写Yourworkhasimprovedinquantity（ 数量）andquality（质量）thisterm.Hisoriginal（原来的）ideawastobuildahouseinthecountry,butatlastheboughtaflatinthetown.rmshortofmoney,andcan'taffordanewcartoreplace（替换）myoldone.Thiskindofcomputersismademainlyforexport（ 出口）.Hasanybreakthrough（突破）everbeenmadeinthecureofAIDSrecently?Localpeoplehavegivenusalotofsupport（ 支持）inourcampaign.Hewasoneofthegreatestfigures 人物）inhistory.Thenumberofpeopleemployedinagriculture（ 农业）hasfalleninthelastdecade.Toourgreatdelight,production（产量）ofourcompanywasuplastmonth.Theyconverted（改变；转换）thestudyintoanurseryroomwhenthebabywasborn.n.单句改错Aquantityoffoodarebeingcarriedtothepoorvillage. areisNothingcantakeplaceofamother'slove.take 后力口theIt'sreportedthattheaccidentresultedfromthedeathoftwopeople.frominAscientistmustproduceevideneeinsupporttoatheory. toofSurgeonshavemadegreatbreakthroughinthekidneytransplantation（ 肾移植）.made后力口a.Thekeytoprotectwildanimalsistopunish hunters tecttprotecting7.Idon'tlikethewaywhichhespeakstohismother. whichtthat或在which前加in8.It'sreportedthatthepopulationofthecityhasincreased to20percent.toby川.完成句子Thegovernmentistryingtofindawayto_improve_food_safety.政府正在努力寻找提高食品安全的方法。Hefeltsosickthathebrought_up_what_he_ate. 他感觉很难受，把吃的东西全吐了出来。Shewonthescholarshipas_a_result_of_her_hard_work.由于学习努力，她获得了奖学金。Mr.SmithwillgotoBeijingnextmonth,whenanewEnglishteacherwilltake_the_place_of_him/take_his_placetoteachus.史密斯先生下一个月去北京，到时会有一位新的英语老师来代替他教我们英语。Largequantitiesofsandhave_been_washed_awaybytheheavyrain.暴雨冲走了很多沙子。Thequestionishow_to」mprove_our_spoken_Englis 问题是如何提高我们的英语口语水平。.Ifyougrowupinalargefamily,youaremorelikelytodevelopthe_ability_to_get_on_well_with_others.如果你在一个大家庭中长大，你更有可能培养与他人融洽相处的能力。.It'ssaidthatscientistshavemadeabigbreakthroughinthecancertreatment.据说科学家们在癌症的治疗方面已取得突破性进展。IV.课文语法填空YuanLongpingisa1.1eading(lead)figureintherice-growingworld,bornandbroughtupinChina.Whenhewasaboy,hewaseducatedinmanyschools,andwasgiventhenickname, “thestudent2. who/thatasksquestions. ”Hewasinterestedinplantsfrom3.anearlyage,andhestudiedagricultureincollege.4.Asa_youngteacher,hebeganexperimentsincropbreeding.Hethoughttherewasonlyoneway5.to_have(have)morericequickly.Thatwastocrossdifferentspeciesofriceplant.Thenhebeganhissearch6.foraspecialtypeofriceplant.Ithadtobemaleandsterile.Whenthe7.naturally(nature)sterilemalericeplantwasdiscoveredin1970,itwasabreakthrough.Asaresult,China'sriceproductionrose8.by_47.5%inthe1990's.And50thousandsquarekilometersofricefieldswere_converted (convert) togrowingvegetablesandothercashcrops.10.Following(follow)this,YuanLongping'sricewasexportedtosomeothercountries.V.串点成篇微表达众所周知，读书是打开知识宝库的关键 (thekey)。由于(asaresultof)电子产品的出现，如手机、网络等，人们越来越依赖它们。而越来越少的人对读书感兴趣 (beinterested in)。更多著名科学家被请来 (bringin)以找到解决这个问题的方法。很多人在会上提出(bring up)了各种建议。通过读书，人们的头脑可以变得 (convert) 更灵活。我们认为(figureout) 读书人的数量可能会上升 (riseby)60% 。As_we_all_know,_reading_is_the_key_to_the_treasure_house_of_knowledge._As_a_result_of_the_electric_products,_such_as_phones,_the_Internet,_people_rely_ e_on_them._Unfortunatelyfewer_and_fewer_people_are」nterested_in_reading._More_famous_scientists_were_b rought_in_to_find_out_a_solution_to_this_problem._Many_of_them_brought_up indsofsuggestionsatthemeeting.Peoplecanbeconvertedto open-mindedonesby_reading_more._We_figure_out_that_the_number_will_rise_by_60%. 、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧 %”"""I.完形填空TherewasacouplewhousedtogotoEnglandtoshopinthebeautifulstores.__1_ofthemlikedantiquesandpottery,especially__2__. _Onedayina__3___theysawabeautifulteacup.Theysaid, “Mayweseethat?We've__4__seenonesobeautiful.”Astheladyhandedittothem,__5__theteacupspoke.“Youdon't_6__，”itsaid. “Ihaven'talwaysbeenateacup.TherewasatimethatIwasredclay.My__7__tookme,rolledmeandpattedmeoverandoverandIyelledout,‘Leavemealone.'Butheonlysmiled,‘Notyet.'Thenheputmeintheoven.Ineverfeltsuch__8__.Iwonderedwhyhewantedto__9__me,and_Iyelled,andknocked__10__thedoor.IcouldseehimthroughtheopeningandIcould__1 hislipsasheshookhishead, ‘Notyet.'ThenIknewtherewasn'tany__12__.Iwouldnevermakeit.Iwasreadyto__13__.Butthe_dooropenedandhetookmeoutandplacedmeontheshelf.Onehourlaterhehandedmea__14__and_said,‘Lookatyourself.'AndIdid.Isaid, ‘That'snotme;thatcouldn'tbeme.It's__15_.''Iwantyoutoremember,then，‘hesaid.'Iknowithurtsyoutoberolledandpatted.__16__ifJ_hadjustleftyoualone,you'dhavedriedup.Iknowithurtandwashotand__17__intheoven,butifIhadn'tputyouthere,youwouldhave__18.Nowyouareafinished product.Youare19IhadinmindwhenIfirstbeganwithyou.'”Ifyoudonot__20__thewindandrain,howcanyouseetherainbow?语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章以拟人的手法描述了精美茶杯的制作过程。 从红泥到茶杯成形需要经过烈火的历练。这一过程告诉我们：玉不琢，不成器。1.A.AII B.BothC.Neither D.None解析：选B由上文提到了acouple及下文语境可知，他们两人都喜欢古董和陶器,故选B项。all用于三者或三者以上； neither,none用于否定句中。2.A.bowlsB.bottlesC.glassesD.teacups解析：选D下文主要围绕teacup来讲述,故此处应选teacups。3.A.gardenB.churchC.shopD.hall解析：选C由文章首句 ...toshopinthebeautifulstores. 可知，他们是去商店购物，故选：shop。4.A.neverB.oftenC.alwaysD.ever解析：选A由上文他们想看这个茶杯可知，他们从来没有见过这么漂亮的茶杯。5.A.slowlyB.suddenlyC.quicklyD.gradually解析：选B茶杯开口说话，对这对夫妇来说:是突然地，含有意外之意。6.A.answerB.complainC.worryD.understand解析：选D由茶杯介绍自己的成品过程来看,茶杯认为别人不明白。7.A.fatherB.brotherC.masterD.inventor解析：选C这里应该是指茶杯的主人。 master意为主人。&A.warmthB.heatC.coolnessD.coldness解析：选Bwarmth意为"温暖”；heat意为"热”；coolness意为"凉爽”；coldness可知，炉火的温度是很高的，故意为"寒冷"。由上文"Thenheputmeintheoven.可知，炉火的温度是很高的，故只能用heat。9．A.burnB．killC．hurtD．