老高考适用2023高考英语一轮总复习第一编教材回眸Unit24Society课件北师大版

Unit24Society自主排查夯基固本inequalityequalityequalvoluntaryvoluntarilyvolunteerabundantabundantlyabundancedepositgoverngovernorgovernmentaccumulateaccumulativeaccumulationburdenvacantvacantlyadjustmentadjustadjustablediversediversitybareresignresignationchokedeleteshrinkshrinkageelectelectionundertakepreservationpreservesqueezerelayfinesentenceabolishmoreoverfurthermore无家可归

无家可归的

家庭

签名所有权破旧衣服；破布；碎片退休金，养老金

怀孕的优点，长处

品行端正的；品德高尚的盈余，剩余

过剩的，剩余的宽大的，仁慈的

冷酷无情的，残忍的

仁慈，宽恕相撞

相撞跳过；略过；遗漏有香味的

香味抢劫口渴

口渴的所以，因此

作为结果的；随之发生的后果homelessnessvoluntaryadjustmentsbarelythirstyresistancemercifulpreservationrobberyConsequently被困在……中，陷入……的困境怀着……的希望

形成

使某人振奋起来，惹恼某人

炫耀

knockintosb

turningpointbreakintoonprinciplesentencesbtodeathwoundherupcameintobeingonprincipleshowedoffturningpointweretrappedinknockedintointhehopethatbrokeintowassentencedtodeathinthehopethat

Ontheonehandontheotherhand直击重点突破考点abundantabundantlyabundance(2)句型转换SouthAfricaisadevelopingcountrywhichisrichinnaturalresources.→SouthAfricaisadevelopingcountrywhichis________innaturalresources.abundanthasburdenedwitha(2)单句写作________________youtakeinbeforebedtime,________________youwillputonyourbodyatnight.睡觉前你摄入更多的脂肪，夜间你就会给身体增加更大的负担。Themorefatthegreaterburdenfrom

myselfresignation(2)单句写作He______________________(辞去职务)becausehehadbeenofferedabetterjob.resignedhispost/positionaswaselected

electiveelection(2)单句写作He________________________alawyer.他选择成为一名律师。electedtobecomemercifulthe(2)单句写作①________________me!Idaren'tdoitnexttime.饶了我吧，下次我不敢了。②She____________(怜悯)theorphanandgavehimsomefoodandclothes.Bemercifultoshowedmercytooffdownat(2)单句写作Peoplenotonly________________(在线投票)themselves,butalsourgeotherstovoteforcompetitionslikethe“MostBeautifulTeacher”andthe“CutestBaby”．caston­linevotesis/wasundertakentofeedundertakeresearchwassentencedtohasservedhissentenceinto(2)单句写作①Itookafewsteps;thenthefacesoftheboysandgirls________________(进入视野)．②China,ahugedragonintheeast,hasseenanumberofgreatchangessincePresidentXi________________(执政)．cameintoview/sight

cameintopoweroff

upon(2)单句写作①We________________theschoolbyoneofthestudents.我们由一名学生领着参观了学校。②Thankyouforyourcomingtoseeme;mysecretarywill________________.感谢你来看我，我的秘书会送你出去的。wereshownaroundshowyououtinto

out

at/onintodownin(2)单句改错Thievesbrokeintoandstole￥10,000worthofcomputerequipment._______________________________________________________into→inwas(should)becarriedposted(should)visit(should)finish(2)单句改错It'shightimewegotothelibrary._________________________________________________________(3)单句写作①—I'dratherthatyou________________(别抽烟)inourhome.—Iwon't.②It'sabouttime______________________________(你开始认真读书)．go→went或go前加should

didn'tsmokeyougot/shouldgetdowntoreading(1)suggest作“建议”讲，宾语从句用虚拟语气；若作“暗示，表明”讲，则用陈述语气。(2)insist作“坚持认为，坚持说”讲时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。只有当insist作“坚持(要求)，坚持(应该)”讲时，宾语从句才用虚拟语气。(3)It's(high/about)timethat句式中，that从句中的谓语动词常用过去式或shoulddo,should不能省略。whatif②Ourexhibitswillfeedyourmindbut________________(怎么样)yourbody?Ourcaféoffersacompletemenuoflunchandsnackoptions.③—Someonemightseeus.—____________(那又怎么样)?We'renotdoinganythingillegal.whatabout

Sowhatit②Whileweshouldprovide“safespaces”withincolleges,wemustalsomakeitsafe________(express)opinionsandchallengemajorityviews.③PeopleintheWestmakeit________ruletobuyChristmaspresentsfortheirrelativesandfriends.(2)单句写作This________________(使……可能)foragricultureandindustrytodevelopquickly.toexpressamakesitpossible课文回练升华运用根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Manyofusindevelopedsocieties__1__(trap)inaspendingcircle.Weworkhardinordertoearnmoremoney.Sometimeswedepositalittle__2__thehopeofmakingevenmoremoney.Andwespendmoneywedon'tevenhave.Butthemoremoneyweearn,the__3__(little)oftenweseeit.Besides,we'retaxpayerssothemoreweearnthemoretaxwehavetopaytothose__4__governus.Inthisspendingcircle,weaccumulatepossessions__5__neverfeelwehaveenough.Ontheotherhand,weworkhardforbiggerandbetterhousesandcarsandneverhavetime__6__(enjoy)them.Instead,theyfeellike__7__bigburdenbecauseeverymonthwehavetohandovermostofthemoneyweearntopayforthem.Thereisagrowingresistancetotheconsumersocietywhichisaffectingtheyouthoftoday.Thegovernmentshouldmakesome__8__(law).Ifsuchlawscameintobeing,ahugeadjustmentwouldberequiredandthere__9__(be)diversereactions.Asasociety,weshouldtaketheseissuesmore__10__(serious).Weshouldrememberthat“being”and“doing”aremuchmoreimportantthan“having”.

aretrappedinlesswhobuttoenjoyalawswouldbeseriously基础达标自主训练答案：burdened句意：他背上背着一个很重的箱子。短语beburdenedwith“负有……，背着……”。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Hewas________(burden)withaheavyboxonhisback.答案：a句意：上周她付了房子的定金。这里表示泛指，用不定冠词a。2．Sheputdown________depositonthehouselastweek.答案：abundant句意：[名言]得道多助，失道寡助。修饰后面的名词support,用形容词abundant。3．Ajustcauseenjoys________(abundance)supportwhileanunjustcausefindslittlesupport.答案：being句意：汽车经过一连串复杂的操作程序而被制成。comeintobeing“产生”。4．Acarcomesinto________(be)throughaseriesofcomplexoperations.答案：himself句意：尽管汤姆生理有缺陷，但他没有顺从命运的安排。短语resignoneselftosth

“顺从……”。5．ThoughTomwasphysicallychallenged,hedidnotresign________(he)tohisfate.

答案：came/shouldcome句意：到了他回家吃饭的时候了。It'shightimethat后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用“should＋动词原形”，但should不可省略。6．It'shightimethathe________(come)homefordinner.答案：(should)free句意：他们要求军政府释放所有政治犯。demand后面接的宾语从句用虚拟语气“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。7．Theydemandedthatthemilitarygovernment________(freedom)allpoliticalprisoners.答案：were句意：我要是你，我会接受这份工作。If引导虚拟条件句，表示对现在的虚拟，be动词用were。8．IfI________you,Iwouldacceptthejob.答案：down

castdown“感到沮丧”。9．Shewasgreatlycast________bycriticismofherjob.答案：sentenced句意：那个年轻人因偷了太多钱而被判了六年徒刑。besentencedto“被判处……”。10．Theyoungmanwas________(sentence)tosixyearsinprisonforstealingtoomuchmoney.答案：showoffⅡ.单句写作1．Thisisyourchanceto________(炫耀)yourtalentstothepeopleinterviewingyou.答案：Whatif2．________(要是……该怎么办)JeremyLinisabsentfromthebasketballgame?答案：tostudy3．Pauldoesn'thavetobemade________；

healwaysworkshard.没有必要强迫保罗学习，他总是努力学习的。答案：Don'tgotothecinemathisafternoon,andyoushouldfinishyourworkfirst;I'dratheryouwenttomorrow.4．____________________________________________________你今天下午别去看电影了，你首先应该完成你的工作；我宁愿你明天再去。(wouldrather)答案：It'shightimethatyouwent/shouldgotobed.5．_____________________________________________________你该上床睡觉了。Ⅲ.语法填空Humanactivityhascreatedpollutionandgreatlyreducedanimalpopulations.Thisyear,WorldEarthDaycalledforustoprotecttheseanimals.__1__(fall)onApril22everyyear,WorldEarthDay__2__(design)toreducethedamagethatwedototheenvironment.Withthetheme“ProtectOurSpecies”，

thisyear'sWorldEarthDayfocused__3__protectingtheworld'smostendangeredspecies,accordingtoForbes.AccordingtotheEarthDayNetwork(EDN),__4__organizationthatorganizesWorldEarthDaymovementsacrosstheworld,weareinthe__5__(large)periodofspeciesdyingoutsincethetimeofthedinosaurs.However,youcantake__6__(person)action.EDN__7__(suggest)thatyoustartsmall—thinkaboutsavingenergyandnotbeingsowastefulineverydaylife.Then,youcanmoveontoorganizingortakingpartinenvironmental__8__(project)inyourarea.CampaignsinChinafortheWorldEarthDayarescheduledtolastfromApril22to28.Activitieswillbeheldtoshowpeoplenewconceptsandtechnologiesthatcanbeused__9__(protect)naturalresources.Theyaimtoraisetheawarenessofsavingnaturalresources,aswellasprotecting“mountains,rivers,forests,farmlands,lakes,andgrasslandsasalifecommunity”.Ifanyoftheseareasareputindanger,scientistspredictalotmorespeciesaredyingoutinonecentury__10__evenseveraldecades.Falling

wasdesigned

on

an

largest

personal

suggests

projects

toprotect

or

1．考查非谓语动词。此处应填状语，且fall与逻辑主语之间为主动关系，故用现在分词。2．考查动词的语态。此处表示当初设立此节日的目的，主语与design之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。3．考查介词。固定搭配focuson“集中于……”。4．考查冠词。此处作同位语，泛指一个机构，且organization的发音以元音音素开头。5．考查形容词的最高级。根据设空前的定冠词the可知，此处需要形容词的最高级。6．考查词性转换。由后面的名词可知，前面应用形容词。7．考查主谓一致。根据主语可知，谓语动词应用单数，文章的时态为一般现在时，故填suggests。8．考查名词。根据句意可知，此处需要名词的复数。9．考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。beusedtodo“被用来做……”。10．考查连词。此处前后的意思为选择关系。Ⅳ.短文改错InordertohelpforeignstudentspromotetheirunderstandingoftraditionalChineseculture,ourschoolisgoingtoprovideacoursenamingChineseClassicPoemsSingingforthem.AnyforeignstudentwhoisstudyingatourschoolandinterestedinChinesepoemsarewelcometochooseit.ItwouldbeagoldenopportunitytoenjoythebeautifulofChinesepoemsorshowatalentforsinging.Ifinteresting,dosignupforthecoursebeforethenextSaturday.Don'tmissit.Generalspeaking,toapplyforthecourse,foreignstudentsarerequiredtohandanindividualapplicationform.TheycanbegoteitherfromStudentUniondirectlyandbedownloadedfromtheschoolwebsite.课后作业Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Withtheyoungunabletoaffordtoleavehomeandtheoldatriskofisolation(孤独),morefamiliesarechoosingtolivetogether.Thedoorwaytopeaceandquiet,forNickBrightatleast,leadsstraighttohismother­in­law:shelivesonthegroundfloor,whilehelivesupstairswithhiswifeandtheirtwodaughters.Fouryearsagotheyallmovedintoathree­storeyVictorianhouseinBristol—oneofagrowingnumberofmultigenerationalfamiliesintheUKlivingtogetherunderthesameroof.Theyshareafrontdoorandawashingmachine,butRitaWhiteheadhasherownkitchen,bathroom,bedroomandlivingroomonthegroundfloor.“Wefloatedtheideatomymumofsharingahouse，”

saysKathrynWhitehead.Ritacutsin:“WespokemorewithNickbecauseIthinkit'sabigthingforNicktolivewithhismother­in­law.”AndwhatdoesNickthink?“Frommystandpoint,itallseemstoworkverywell.WouldIrecommendit?Yes,IthinkIwould.”It'shardtotellexactlyhowmanypeopleagreewithhim,butresearchindicatesthatthenumbershavebeenrisingforsometime.Officialreportssuggestthatthenumberofhouseholdswiththreegenerationslivingtogetherhadrisenfrom325,000in2001to419,000in2013.Othervarietiesofmultigenerationalfamilyaremorecommon.Somepeoplelivewiththeirelderlyparents;manymoreadultchildrenarereturningtothefamilyhome,iftheyeverleft.Itissaidthatabout20%of25­34­year­oldslivewiththeirparents,comparedwith16%in1991.ThetotalnumberofallmultigenerationalhouseholdsinBritainisthoughttobeabout1.8million.Storieslikethataremorecommoninpartsoftheworldwheremultigenerationallivingismorefirmlyrooted.InIndia,particularlyoutsidecities,youngwomenareexpectedtomoveinwiththeirhusband'sfamilywhentheygetmarried.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章报道了在英国，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又面临着孤独的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起，出现了多世同堂的现象。答案：B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“butRitaWhiteheadhasherownkitchen,bathroom,bedroomandlivingroomonthegroundfloor”可知，但Rita(丽塔)在一楼有自己的厨房、浴室、卧室和客厅。由此可知，Rita在布里斯托尔的维多利亚式住宅中主要使用一楼。故选B。1．WhomainlyusesthegroundfloorintheVictorianhouseinBristol?A．Nick. B．Rita. C．Kathryn. D．Thedaughters.答案：A推理判断题。根据第五段Nick(尼克)所说的话可判断，Nick对和岳母合住房子的态度是积极的。故选A。2．WhatisNick'sattitudetowardssharingthehousewithhismother­in­law?A．Positive. B．Carefree. C．Tolerant. D．Unwilling.答案：C细节理解题。根据第六段第二句可知，官方报告显示，三代同堂的家庭数量从2001年的32.5万户增加到2013年的41.9万户。根据第七段最后两句可知，据说，25～34岁的年轻人中有20%和父母住在一起，而1991年这一比例为16%。据估计，英国多代同堂的家庭总数约为180万。由此可知，作者关于多世同堂家庭的论述基于发布的统计数据。故选C。3．Whatistheauthor'sstatementaboutmultigenerationalfamilybasedon?A．Familytraditions. B．Financialreports. C．Publishedstatistics. D．Publicopinions.答案：D主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段可知，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又面临着孤独的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起。所以文章主要是关于在英国一种呈上升趋势的生活方式。故选D。4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Lifestylesindifferentcountries. B．Conflictsbetweengenerations.C．AhousingprobleminBritain. D．ArisingtrendoflivingintheUK.B(2021·青海西宁市高三期末)Itookoneofthebagsfrommycar.Itwasstilldarkout.Iheadedforagroupofthreemen,standingaroundatree,probablyusingitasawindbreaker.AsIwalkedtowardthem,oneofthemwatchedme,perhapsquestioningmymotives.“Ithoughtyouallmightneedsomefreshnewsocks，”

Isaid,handinghimapair.Helookedconfusedatfirstbuttookthemandsaid,“Thankyou.”Igavehimtwomorepairsforhisfriends.Imovedon.Anhourlater,Ihadgivenoutallthesocks.Mostpeopleweresleeping,andIfeltlikeSanta.Onherfirstdayteachingstudentsfrompoorfamiliesatanafter­schoolprograminNewYorkCity,AlyssaKapasinoticedhowmanykidswereliningupforfreesandwichesandfruitintheschoolcafeteria.Oneoftheworkersexplainedthatmanyofthesestudentsdon'tgetenoughtoeatathome,soaschoollunchoranafter­schoolmealmightbethemostfoodtheywouldgetallday.Kapasi,whoattendsprivateschool,wasverysurprised.What'smore,shemadeuphermindtohelp.“Iwantotherkidstounderstandthatifyouseeaproblem,youdon'thavetowaittogrowuptofixit，”

saysKapasi.SheandagroupoffriendsarenowputtingtheirprogrammingskillstoworktocreateanappcalledFoodforThought,whichwillallowparents,students,andevenkind­heartedstrangerstodonatetoalunchaccountforastudentinneedatanearbyschool.About20millionAmericankidsreceivefreelunches.Twomillionmorecanhavelow­pricemeals,andthosestudents'familieshavetopayforpartoftheirfood.Whentheydon'thavethemoneyonanygivenday,thestudentsmighthavetosettleforan“alternative(可替代的)meal”suchasacheesesandwich.Theapp—whichisgettingfinancial(财政的)supportfromaGoFundMepage—providesanonymity(匿名)tothosewhoreceivelunchanddonors.Toreceivehelp,afamilywillneedonlyarecommendation(推荐)fromaschoolteacher,andnooneelsehastoknow.“Iwanttomakeanappthatallusersfeelnoshameinusing，”

saysKapasi.Shehopestotesttheappinaschooldistrictthisfall.篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了Kapasi(卡帕斯)为帮助那些吃不饱的学生，创建了应用程序FoodforThought，让人们向有需要的学生的午餐账户捐款。答案：D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“createanappcalledFoodforThought,whichwillallowparents,students,andevenkind­heartedstrangerstodonatetoalunchaccountforastudentinneedatanearbyschool”可知，Kapasi创建app的目的是帮助那些吃不饱的学生。故选D。5．WhydoesKapasiwanttocreateanapp?A．Toteachkidshowtohelpothers.B．Topractiseherprogrammingskills.C．Tointroduceherschooltothepublic.D．Tosolvetheproblemofhungerinschools.答案：C词义猜测题。根据第三段首句“About20millionAmericankidsreceivefreelunches.(大约有两千万美国孩子接受免费午餐。)”和画线词后“an‘alternative(可替代的)meal’suchasacheesesandwich”可知，画线词所在句意为“当孩子们某一天没钱时，他们可以接受‘替代餐’，比如奶酪三明治”。由此可推知settlefor意为“接受”。故选C。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“settlefor”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Buy. B．Make.C．Accept. D．Offer.7．WhatshouldafamilydoiftheywanttogethelpfromFoodforThought?A．VisitaGoFundMepage.B．GetintouchwithKapasi.C．Berecommendedbyteachers.D．Donatesomethingelseinstead.答案：C细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Toreceivehelp,afamilywillneedonlyarecommendation(推荐)fromaschoolteacher,andnooneelsehastoknow.”可知，如果一个家庭想接受帮助，只需要学校老师的推荐。故选C。答案：A推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Iwanttomakeanappthatallusersfeelnoshameinusing(我想做一款所有用户使用时都不会感到羞愧的应用程序)”可推知，使用Kapasi的应用程序的用户不会因为使用它而感到丢脸。故选A。8．WhatcanweinferabouttheusersofKapasi'sapp?A．Theywon'tlosefaceinusingit.B．Theywillmakemoneybyusingit.C．Theywillknowwhooffersthemhelp.D．Theywon'tmeettheirdonorsuntilthisfall.Ⅱ.七选五(2022·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学高三摸底考试)Whatwillyoudoifyoucan'teateverythingboughtinthecanteen?__1__Accordingtoasurvey,whatstudentswasteeveryyearcouldfeedover10millionpeople.__2__AccordingtoXinhuaNewsAgency,thefoodwastedbyChinesepeopleisabout50milliontonsofgraineveryyear,whichcouldfeed200millionpeople.Foodwaste,whichhasbecomeaglobalissue,servesasamirrorthatreflectsvariousculturalandsocialissuesindifferentcountries.IntheWest,forinstance,consumerism,thebeliefthatit'sagoodthingtousealotofgoodsandservices,isoftentoblameforfoodwaste.__3__Chinesepeoplearewellknownforbeinghospitableandgenerous.Manyevenfeelthattheylosefaceiftheirguestshaveeatenallthefood.Oncampus,agenerationofsinglechildrenislessawareofthefoodwasteissue.Studentsnowadaysarewellprotectedbytheirfamiliesandhardlyhaveanyconceptofhowmuchtoil(辛劳)othersgothroughinordertoprovidethemwiththefoodtheyeat.__4__Thereareover925millionhungrypeopleintheworld,mostofwhomliveinunderdevelopedcountriesandareas.Theydon'thaveenoughfoodtoeat.ManychildrendieforlackofnutritioneachyearinsomeAfricancountries.Andfarmersworkveryhardtogrowthecrops.__5__It'salsoimportantthateveryoneshouldthinkabouthowtheycandotheirbittoreducefoodwaste.A．Mostofuswouldsimplythrowawayanyleftoverfood.B．Students'wasteisextremelyserious.C．Chinafeaturesitsowneatingculture.D．Comparedwiththem,someliveinadifferentworld.E．Butcanteenwasteismerelythetipoftheiceberg.F．Sothere'snoexcusethatweshouldwasteourfood.G．Studentscanneverrealizetheseriousfoodcrisis.篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了学校食堂的浪费现象只是冰山一角，中国浪费食物的现象很严重。本文旨在呼吁：避免浪费，从每个人做起。1．A根据前文“Whatwillyoudoifyoucan'teateverythingboughtinthecanteen？(如果你不能吃完在食堂里所买的食物，你会怎么办？)”以及后文“Accordingtoasurvey,whatstudentswasteeveryyearcouldfeedover10millionpeople.(根据一项调查，学生们每年浪费的饭菜能够养活一千多万人。)”可知，A项(我们大多数人只会把剩下的食物扔掉。)承前启后。故选A。2．E根据后文“AccordingtoXinhuaNewsAgency,thefoodwastedbyChinesepeopleisabout50milliontonsofgraineveryyear,whichcouldfeed200millionpeople.”可知，据新华社报道，中国人每年浪费的粮食约5,000万吨，可养活2亿人。E项(食堂浪费只是冰山一角。)引出后文。故选E。3．C根据后文“Chinesepeoplearewellknownforbeinghospitableandgenerous.”可知，中国人以热情大方而闻名。设空处与后一句一起说明中国有自己的饮食文化与待客的态度，以此来对比西方的饮食文化。C项(中国有自己的饮食文化。)符合文意。故选C。4．D根据后文“Thereareover925millionhungrypeopleintheworld,mostofwhomliveinunderdevelopedcountriesandareas.”可知，世界上有超过9.25亿饥饿人口，其中大多数生活在不发达国家和地区。所以本段主要说明与过度浪费相比，一些人正过着饥饿的生活，这也就是本段主旨句所要表达的内容。D项(与他们相比，有些人生活在一个不同的世界里。)符合文意。故选D。5．F根据前文“ManychildrendieforlackofnutritioneachyearinsomeAfricancountries.Andfarmersworkveryhardtogrowthecrops.”可知，在一些非洲国家，每年都有许多儿童死于营养不良。农民们非常努力地种植庄稼。F项(所以我们没有理由浪费食物。)与前文构成因果关系。故选F。Ⅲ.语法填空(2021·安徽省舒城中学高三模拟)ResidentsofXiazhuang,Chongqing,usedtorisktheir__1__(life)whenevertheyventuredoutofthemountainvillagesurroundedbysteepcliffs(悬崖)about1,000metershigh.ItwasMaoXianglin,headofthevillage,__2__gatherednearlyallXiazhuang's400villagersforameetingin1997andsuggestedbuildingaroad__3__(snake)alongthemountains.The8­kilometer­longroadlinksthevillage,locatedatthebottomofavalley,__4__theoutsideworld.Beforeitwasbuilt,itusuallytookthevillagersmorethanafulldaytoaccesstheoutsideworld.Nowitonlyneeds__5__one­hourdrive.Theconstructionworkwasrathermorediffic