初中定语从句讲解复习

定语从句用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的名（代）词叫作先行词。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面。1.Thestudents

(whodon’tstudyhard)willnotpass

先行词定语从句theexam.主句:Thestudentswillnotpasstheexam.2.Thewoman

(whoyousawinthepark)isour

先行词定语从句Englishteacher.主句:ThewomanisourEnglishteacher.从句的主语：you从句的宾语：whom3.Ashoeshopisashop

(whichsellsshoes).主句：Ashoeshopisashop.从句的主语:which4.Thebook(thatyouwant)isonthedesk.主句从句的主语:从句的宾语：Thebookisonthedesk.youthat引导定语从句的关系代词常见的有that,which,whowhom等。关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成份。Theman(that/whotoldusafunnystory)isinthenextroom.主语Ilostthebook((

that/which)yougaveme).宾语关系代词:

1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher.Aperson

who

stealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomInoddedisProfessorLi.3.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder（which）

heisusingismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?

4.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.归纳：that,即指人又指物，作主语或宾语。

which,指物，作主语或宾语。

who,whom指人,who作主语,whom作宾语。that,which,whom在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。1)Aplaneisamachine________________canfly.2)Thecar____________________myuncleboughtlastweekwasstolen.3)Thestudents________________don’tstudyhardwillnotpasstheexam.4)Thewoman___________________yousawintheparkisourEnglishteacher.which/thatwhich/that///who/thatwhom/that///Exercises1.Thebooks_____Iborrowedfromthelibrarywasnewlypublished.2.TheIDcard_____Ilostlastweekwasfoundinasupermarket.3.Thenewspapers____wehavecollectedwillberecycled.4.Mostofthecars____werestolenhavenotbeenfoundyet.5.Thestudents____arevisitingthenaturalmuseumareveryinterestedinthedinosaurs.thatwhichwhichwhichwho6.Thegirl_____istakingcareofthebabyismyaunt’sbaby-sitter.7.Allthewomen_____wereworkinginthatfactoryhadadayoffonWomen’sDay.8.吉姆住的房间看起来很漂亮

Theroom_________________looksverynice.9.那就是刚才偷我钱包的那个人

Thatistheman___________________________.10.昨天抢银行的小偷被抓住了

Thethieves_______________________________werecaught.

11.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks______________interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.(which/that)whowhowhichJimlivesinwhostolemypursejustnowwhorobbedthebankyesterdaythat以下情况只能用that1先行词既有指人又有指物2当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级时，有theonly,thevery

等修饰时3先行词是all,much,anything,something,nothing等不定代词4主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时Fillintheblanks:1.Theterribletyphoonkilledthepeopleandcattle_______wereinthefields.2.Thewindblewdownthetallesttree_______isinfrontofourschoolgate.3.Thisistheverything______Iwaslookingfor.4.Thisisthesecondnovel______Ihaveeverread.5.Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenme.6.Whoistheman_______isreadingunderthetree?7.Myhometownisnotthesameone_______itusedtobetwentyyearsago.thatthatthat//that//thatthatthatwhen在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague.onwhichwhere在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.inwhich==关系副词why在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词for+关系代词（which）”。Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslate.forwhich=“介词＋关系代词”即“介词＋which”引导定语从句应注意：1介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素A.与先行词的搭配关系1）Iwillneverforgettheday_____________Ijoinedthearmy.2)Iwillneverforgetthedays____________Iworkedintheschool.3)Iwillneverforgettheyear____________mysonwenttocollege.4)Igothomeat7:00p.m.yesterday,____________mostpeoplehadhadsupper.onwhichduringwhichinwhichbywhichB.与从句谓语动词的搭配习惯1）Haveyoufoundthebook____________Ipaid29USdollars?2)Haveyoufoundthebook_____________Ispent29USdollars?3)Haveyoufoundthebook_____________welearntalot?4)Haveyoufoundthebook____________sheoftentalks?forwhichonwhichfromwhichaboutwhichFillintheblanks.1.Istillremembertheday_________wespentintheforest.2.Istillremembertheday____________IfirstcametoBeijing.3.Thefactory_________wewillvisitislarge.4.Thefactory____________hisfatherworksislarge.5.I’llneverforgetthetime_____________weworkonthefarm.6.Thisisthehouse____________welivedlastyear.that/whichwhen/onwhichthat/whichwhere/inwhichwhen/atwhichwhere/inwhich归纳:关系副词when指时间,关系副词where指地点,在定语从句中作状语。即使先行词是时间地点,若作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代词that,which.

8.The5yuan_____________heboughtthebookwasgivenbyhisfriend.9.Ican’tforgetthedays_______Istudiedincollege.Ican’tforgetthedays______Ispentincollege.10.Theoldmanalwayswearshisglasses__________________hecan’tseeanything.11.Thekey_________shewasopeningthedoorbroke.12.Thelibrary___________weoftengoonSundaysisnotfarfromourschool.13.Nooneknowsthereason__________sheisleavingsoearly.14.Atlasttheycametoariver_____________anewbridgeisbeingbuilt.forwhichonwhichwithoutwhichwithwhichtowhichforwhichoverwhichwhich定语从句：Completethefollowingsentences:1.Isthistheschool________youvisitedlastyear?Isthisschool__________youvisitedlastyear?2.Heisoneofthestudentswho_____goodatmaths.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_____goodatmath.3.Thegirl_____wasalwayshonestliedtome.Thegirl______Imetliedtome.4.Idon’tknowthetime_______shearrived.5.Chinaisnolongerthecountry________Isaw10yearsago.that/whichtheoneareiswhowhomwhenthat/which6.TheradioIboughtyesterdayisquitedifferentfrom___________youboughtlastmonth.TheradioIboughtyesterdayisquitedifferentfromtheone________youboughtlastmonth.7.Doyoustillrememberthehotel____________welivedlastsummerholiday?Doyoustillrememberthepark___________wevisitedlastsummerholiday?8.Thisistheroom____________mygrandmotherusedtolivedin.Thisistheroom__________mygrandmotherusedtolive.theonethatinwhichthat/whichwhich/thatinwhich9.Hehastwosons,andbothof_____workasactors.Hehastwosons,bothof_____workasactors.10.Chinahashundredsofislands,_________Taiwanisthelargest.Chinahashundredsofislands,thelargest____________isTaiwan.11.Thisisthehouse__________thewindowwasbrokenyesterday.Thisisthehouse_______windowwasbrokenyesterday.12.Heistheteacher___________helpwehavemadegreatprogress.themwhomofwhichofwhichofwhichwhosewithwhose1.I’llremembertheday_____Ispentwithmyfriend.2.I’llremembertheday__________Iwasborn.3.I’llremembertheday_________isspecialtome.4.Thisistheplace_________isquietandbeautiful.5.Thisistheplace______________Ilikeverymuch.6.Thisistheplace____________Iworkedforoneyear.7.That’sthereason_____________hetoldus.8.That’sthereason__________hecamelateforclass.用正确的关系词填空。that/which/Øonwhich/whenthat/whichthat/whichthat/which/Øinwhich/wherethat/which/Øforwhich/why1.Heistheveryperson__Ilike.it