2023-2024学年外研版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 6 Earth first Using Language 作业

Unit6EarthfirstUsingLanguage—2023-2024学年高一英语外研版（2019）必修第二册课时分层练【夯实基础】知识点1形容词的用法1.Laughterisoneofthemost________(infection)expressionsofemotion.2.Seeingthe_____(scare)snake,thelittleboyfelt_____(scare)andburstoutcrying.知识点2副词的用法3.Noonedied,butthreeofthevillagerswere_____(severe)hurtintheflood.4.Yearslater,hereturnedtohishometown._____(fortunate),hisparentshadpassedaway.5.Becauseoftheoutbreakoftheepidemic,theteachingorderofschoolwas________(severe)affected,andstudentshadtotakethefinalexamonline.【提升能力】6.The_____(平均的)priceofgoodsrosebyjust2.2%.7.Our_____(小册子)areprintedonenvironmentally-friendlypaper.8.Thepollutioncausedbycarsincludes_____(烟雾)andacidrain.9.Moreandmorepeoplearedevotedto_____(海洋)conservation.10.Althoughhewasnewtothecompany,the_____(员工)wereveryfriendly,whichmadehimveryrelieved.【核心素养】ARecordfiressweepingacrosstheAmazonthismonthhavebeencatchingglobalheadlinesasscientistsandenvironmentalgroupsareworriedthattheywillworsenAsthelargestrainforestintheworld,theAmazonisoftencalled"thelungsoftheEarth".Itisalsohometoabout3millionspeciesofplantsandanimals,and1millionlocalpeople.Thevastlandsofrainforestplayanimportantroleintheworld'secosystembecausetheytakeinheatinsteadofreflectingitbackintotheatmosphere.Theyalsostorecarbondioxide(二氧化碳)andproduceoxygen,makingsurethatlesscarbonisgivenoff,mitigatingtheeffectsofclimatechange."Anydestructionofforestsisathreattobiodiversityandthepeoplewhousethatbiodiversity,"ThomasLovejoy,anecologistatGeorgeMasonUniversitytoldNationalGeographic."Theshockingthreatisthatalotofcarbongoesintotheatmosphere,"hestressed."Facingtheglobalclimatechange,wecannotaffordmoredamagetoamajorsourceofoxygenandbiodiversity.TheAmazonmustbeprotected,"theU.N.SecretaryGeneralAntonioGuterressaid.DatafromtheNationalInstituteforSpaceResearch(INPE)showthatthenumberofforestfiresinBrazilquicklyincreasedby82percentfromJanuarytoAugustthisyear.Atotalof71,497forestfireswererecordedinthecountryinthefirsteightmonthsof2019,upfrom39,194inthesameperiodin2018."It'sreportedthattheforestareasintheBrazilianAmazonhavedecreasedbetween20and30percentcomparedtothelast12months,"CarlosNobre,aresearcherattheUniversityofSãoPaulo,toldGermanbroadcasterDeutscheWelle.Brazilownsabout60percentoftheAmazonrainforest,whosedropcouldhavesevereresultsfortheglobalclimateandrainfall.Thesizeofthearearuinedbyfireshasyettobedetermined,buttheemergencyhastranscended(超出)Brazil'sborder,reachingPeruvian,ParaguayanandBolivianareas.1.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlytalkingabout?A.Theeffectsofclimatechange.B.TheroleoftheAmazonrainforest.C.TheresultsoftheAmazonrainforestfires.D.Thecausesofthedecreasingbiodiversity.2.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"mitigating"underlinedinParagraph2?A.Easing. B.Causing. C.Worsening. D.Benefiting.3.WhatcanwelearnfromThomas'sandAntonio'swords?A.Thebiodiversitymakestherainforestunique.B.Therainforestfiresresultinseriousconsequences.C.Theglobalclimatecrisisbringsmorerainforestfires.D.Thedryweatherleadstotherainforestfires.4.Whichsectionofamagazineisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Sportsandmusic. B.Scienceandtechnology.C.Natureandgeography. D.Businessandculture.Saihanbaisagreenmiraclepassedonfromgenerationtogeneration.TheSaihanbaForestFarmistheworld'slargestman-madeforest,a747-square-kilometerbarrier(屏障),over400kilometersnorthofBeijing,plantedtosavetheChinesecapitalfromdesertification(thegradualchangeofhabitablelandintodesert,whichisusuallycausedbyclimatechangeorbydestructiveuseoftheland).Today,overlookingtheseaofgreen,itwouldbehardtoimaginethatahalfcenturyago,theareawaswasteland.Thebigchangebegan59yearsagowiththeeffortofagroupofforestersandengineerswhoweredeterminedtoturntheareaintoaforest.In1962,theChengdeSaihanbaMechanicalForestFarmundertheMinistryofForestrywasformallyestablished.Some369youngpeoplefromdifferentpartsofthecountrywentallthewaynorthtoSaihanba.Foodandshelterwereinshortsupply,sothegroupgrewtheirownpotatoesandcornandsetupsimplesheltersandtents,sometimesusingonlybrunchesandstrawthatgavelittleshelterfromthefreezingwind.Inthebeginning,plantingtreesontheverycoldhighlandwasanimpossibletaskduetothehighwinds.Over90percentoftheyoungseedlingsplantedinthefirsttwoyearsdiedandtheforestfarmwasnearlyshutdown.Aftertryingdifferentwaysofplantingtrees,thesurvivalrateofthenewlyplantedyoungtreestopped90percentin1964.Plantingtreesisnotenough.Carefullyprotectingthewoodsandmanagingwellthewholeforestfarmisevenharder.Thatiswhatlatergenerationswilldo.Duringfirepreventionperiodsinspringandautumn,theycheckthevastexpanseofforestevery15minutesduringtheday,andonceanhouratnight.Nowasthird-generationtreeplantersinSaihanba,theyneedtosolveevenmoredifficultproblemsinthenever-endingeffortofplantingmoretrees.Sincethereismuchlessflatlandleftforplantingtrees,theyhavetoworkontherockymountainslopes(斜坡)wherethetopsoilisonly10centimetersthick.Butbeforegivingtheyoungtreesahome,theyneedtodigholesabout40centimetersdeep.Threegenerations'hardworkhasturnedSaihanbafromanascent(新生的)standoftreesintoamillionacresofforest,fromadesertintoanoasis.1.HowdoestheauthorshowthedifficultyofplantingtreesinSaihanba?A.Bytellingstories. B.Byshowingcauses.C.Bylistingnumbers. D.Bygivingexamples.2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheSaihanbaForestFarmaccordingtothepassage?A.Itwaschangedby369engineers.B.Itusedtobea747-square-kilometerfarm.C.Itprovidedgoodlivingconditionsforpeoplethere.D.Itwasturnedintotheworld'slargestman-madeforest.3.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howpeoplecreatedagreenmiracle.B.Whyitwashardtomanagetheforestwell.C.Whatpeopledidtodealwithclimatechange.D.Whatmeasuresweretakentoprotectthecapital.答案以及解析【夯实基础】答案以及解析1.答案：infectious解析：考查形容词。句意：笑是最具感染力的情感表达方式之一。本空修饰名词expressions，故应用形容词infectious“有感染力的”。2.答案：scary;scared解析：句意:看到这条可怕的蛇,小男孩感到很害怕,哇的一声哭了起来。scary表示"可怕的",形容物;scared表示"害怕的",形容人。3.答案：severely解析：考查副词。句意:洪灾中没有人死亡,但村民中有三人严重受伤。修饰谓语动词要用副词,故填severely。4.答案：Unfortunately解析：句意:多年后他回到家乡。不幸的是,他的父母已经去世。设空处应填副词,在句中作状语;父母去世,是件不幸的事,故填Unfortunately。5.答案：severely解析：考查副词。句意:由于疫情的暴发,学校的教学秩序受到严重影响,学生们不得不在线参加期末考试。本空修饰谓语动词故应用副词severely。【提升能力】6.答案：average解析：句意:商品的平均价格仅上涨了2.2%。7.答案：brochures解析：句意:我们的宣传手册是用环保纸印刷的。8.答案：smog解析：句意:汽车造成的污染包括烟雾和酸雨。9.答案：ocean解析：句意:越来越多的人致力于海洋保护。10.答案：staff解析：句意:尽管他初来乍到,公司的员工们对他很友好,这使他感到宽慰。【核心素养】A答案：1-4BABC解析：1.主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句"Asthelargestrainforestintheworld，theAmazonisoftencalled'thelungsoftheEarth'."可知，本段主要介绍了亚马孙雨林的重要作用，故选B项。由第二段最后一句可知，亚马孙雨林的存在会减轻气候变化的影响，但与A项"气候变化的影响"不是同一层面的概念，故不选。C项"亚马孙雨林火灾的影响"以及D项"生物多样性减少的原因"在第二段均未提及。2.词义猜测题。根据画线词所在的第二段最后一句"Theyalsostorecarbondioxide(二氧化碳)andproduceoxygen，makingsurethatlesscarbonisgivenoff，mitigatingtheeffectsofclimatechange."可推知，画线词mitigating意为"减轻"，ease"减轻，缓解"，故选A项。B项"引起，导致"，C项"恶化"和D项"有益于"均不符合题意。3.推理判断题。根据第三段中"Anydestructionofforestsisathreattobiodiversityandthepeoplewhousethatbiodiversity"及"Theshockingthreatisthatalotofcarbongoesintotheatmosphere,"hestressed."Facingtheglobalclimatechange，wecannotaffordmoredamagetoa