商务交际英语Chapter2

English&CommunicationForColleges

商务交际英语（上）Chapter2CommunicatinginaDiverseWorkplace多元文化环境中的交际2-1CulturaldifferencesatHomeandAbroad国内外的文化差异ObjectivesDefine“culturaldiversity“”muticultural,”and“multinational”ListpopulationtrendsthatindicatetheU.S.workplaceisbecomingmoremulticultural.Identifythreeprojectionsfortheglobalworkplaceofthetwenty-firstcentury.List,describe,andgiveexamplesofdifferencesamongcultures.CulturalDiversity文化多样性Define“culturaldiversity”、“multicultural”WhatcontributetoculturaldiversityoftheU.S.A?CulturalDiversity文化多样性（1）Define“culturaldiversity”Withculturaldiversity,peoplefromdifferentbackgroundshavedifferentlanguages,customsvalues,manners,perceptions(观念）,socialstructures,anddecision-makingpractices（决策习惯）

由于文化的多元性，来自不同背景的人有不同的语言、风俗、价值观、规矩，观念、社会结构和决策习惯CulturalDiversity文化多样性（2）Define“multiculturalsociety”多元文化社会Asocietymadeupofpeoplefrommanycultures.Membersofthoseculturesallhavedifferentviewsofproperbusinessetiquette(商务礼仪）,basedontheirupbringing（养育）andculturaltraditionsCulturalDiversity文化多样性（3）WhatcontributetoculturaldiversityoftheU.S.A?Thereareatleast300differentculturesintheUnitedStates.Membersofthoseculturesallhavedifferentviewsofproperbusinessetiquette,basedontheirupbringingandculturaltraditions.TheU.S.DepartmentofLaborpredictsthatAfricanAmericans（非裔美国人）,Hispanics拉美裔美国人),andAsianAmericans（亚裔美国人）willmakeupmorethanaquarteroftheworkforceby2005.TheWorldasaGlobalWorkplace

世界——全球性的工作场所（1）Multinationalcompanies跨国公司DiversityinYourOwnGlobalWorkplace全球工作场所的工作多样性ProjectionsfortheTwenty-firstCentury二十一世纪的展望TheWorldasaGlobalWorkplace

世界——全球性的工作场所（2）MultinationalCompanies

跨国公司AMultinationalcompanyisonethatconductsbusinessintwoormorenations.TheWorldasaGlobalWorkplace

世界——全球性的工作场所（3）DiversityinYourOwnGlobalWorkplace全球工作场所的工作多样性Howtoworkeffectivelywithothersfromdifferentcultures？Thefirststepistorecognize,understand,andacceptdifferences,Thenyoumustdealsentsitivelywithpeoplefromotherbackgrounds.

TheWorldasaGlobalWorkplace

世界——全球性的工作场所（4）ProjectionsfortheTwenty-firstCentury二十一世纪的展望Technology,estpeciallytheInternet,willenablemorebusinessestoentertheglobalmarketplace.Therewillbeanexplosivegrowth（爆炸性的发展）ofcompaniesdoingbusinessacrossborders.Continuingdevelopmentofaworldmarketplace

(世界市场）willrequiredevelopmentofaninternationalworkforce.CulturalDifference文化差异（1）LanguageDifferences语言差异BodyLanguage身体语言FacialExpressions面部表情PersonalSpace个人空间BusinessCards明信片

Culturaldifferencescanbethebarrierstocommunication.TheChallengeisknowingwhatwordsandactionswillbeperceivedas“respectfulandhelpful“CulturalDifference文化差异（2）LanguageDifferences语言差异Peopleallovertheworldspeakmorethan3,000language.LanguageswidelyusedintheUSA&intheworld(P41)CulturalDifference文化差异（3）BodylanguageThehandmovements(手势）,posture（姿势）,andfacialexpressions（面部表情）thataccompanythewordsGesturesarenotuniversal

手势、姿势、动作并不是世界通用的CulturalDifference文化差异（3）

DifferenceinBodyLanguageOKGood,goaheadetc.forAmericanWorthless,zeroetc.forFrenchObscene,lewd（淫荡的、好色）etc.forothercountriesFeetFor（Islamic伊斯兰教的）,it’suncleanandshowingsoles（脚底）offeetisrudeDonotcrossyourfeetattheankleYesTilt倾斜theheadtoeithersideforGreekNoNodslightlytheheadupward/lifttheeyebrowsforGreek.CulturalDifference文化差异（4）FacialExpressionsEyecontact(P41)Handshake(P42)Smile

CulturalDifference文化差异（4）

SMILEMiddleEasternersTosooth（安慰）sb.toavoidconflict（冲突）FrenchGivinginappropriateintrusion（干扰、侵犯）whensmileatapersononthestreet.AsianMeaninghappy,sad,apologetic,angry,frustrated,thankful&confused.SomeculturesNotbetrulyunderstoodCulturalDifference文化差异（5）

PersonalSpaceAmerican&WestEuropeans18inchesto3feetMiddleEasterners(samesex),Mediterranean（地中海地区）&Hispanics（拉美地区）Lessthan18inchesChineseVerylimited,comfortablewithphysicalclosenessMostofrestoftheworldMorethan3feetCulturalDifference文化差异（6）BusinesscardsAmericansarecasualwithbusinesscardsChinesepeopletaqkebusinesscardsveryseriouslyandexchangethemearlyinameetingAsiandon’tofferthecarduntilbeingaskedormayappeartooaggressive.Japan:（P43）CulturalDiversity文化多样性（3）WhatcontributetoculturaldiversityoftheU.S.A?Hispanics（AHispanicsisacitizenoftheUnitedStatesofAmericawhoorwhosefamilyoriginallycamefromSpanish-speakingcountrieswhicharemostLatinAmerica拉美裔美国人),KeyPhrasesandsentencestructures

(P38,Pa.2)Accommodatingpeople’sexperiencesandideasisoneofthegreatestchallengesintheculturallydiverseworkplace

接纳人们的经历与想法是文化多元性的职场里的巨大挑战(P38.Pa4)Thesameistruefor上述情况也出现在/上述情况也适用于…immigrantsfromEasternEuropeandotherareas

上述情况也适用在来自东欧及其他国家的移民身上。KeyPhrasesandsentencestructures

（P42,Pa.1ofPersonalSpace)Thesizeofaperson’spersonalspacevariesdependinguponpersonalpreferenceandculturalbackground.

个人空间大小是根据个人的喜好与文化背景而变化的。1.Our_____islocatedinShanghai.headquartersb.headquarterc.quarterd.headquart2.WhichcountryperceiveOKsignaspoormanners,andwhatdoesitmeanthere?a.France,obscenecommentb.America,verbalc.Americalewdcommentd.France,worthless3.MostAmericanprefertostand____whentalkingtoothers.a.lessthan18inchesb.morethan3feetc.18inchesto3feetd.closerthanacoupleoffeetAnswers:1—A;2—D;3—CExercise2-14.Whatisculturaldiversity?

Culturaldiversityisthedifferentlanguages,customs,values,manners,perceptions,socialstructure,anddecisionmakingpracticesthatpeoplefromdifferentbackgroundshave.5.WhyistheAmericanworkplacelikelytobecomeanincreasinglymulticultural?Amillionpeopleimmigratetotheunitedstateseachyear.Morethan20millionexistingUSresidentswereborninothercountries.Asthesepeopleentertheworkforce,theycreateculturaldiversity.Exercise2-16.HowwillthecontinuingdevelopmentofaglobalmarketplaceaffectAmericanworkers?TheglobalmarketplacemakesitmorelikelythatAmericanswilldealwithpeoplefromothercountriesorcultures.Americansarebeginningtoexpecttobeabletodealwithpeoplefromallovertheworld.7.（E-C英译中)Inspiteofasmile’sdifferentmeaning,itisstillthebestsignofgeneralgoodwill.Don’tforgettouseit,especiallywhenbeingintroducedtopeople.

尽管微笑有不同的含义，但它还是表达善意的最好方式。不要忘记微笑，尤其是当你被介绍给别人的时候。

Exercise2-12-2EffectiveCross-CulturalCommunication有效的跨文化交流ObjectivesDefine“cross-culturalcommunication”ListandexplainfourguidelinetohelppeoplecommunicateeffectivelyacrossculturesIdentifystrategiesforeffectiveglobalcommunicationcross-culturalcommunicationCross–culturalcommunicationoccurswhentwoindividualsfromdifferentculturescommunicate,whetherverbally,nonverbally,orinwriting.

Theydon’tbelongtothesameculture,wheydon’tsharethesameassumptions,values,beliefs,feeling,orwaysofthinkingandbehaving.GuidelinesforCross-CulturalCommunication(1)Guideline1Learnaboutandacceptculturaldifferences了解并接纳文化差异UseinternetsourcesReadbooksandmagazinesaboutotherculturesSeeforeignmoviesandvideos.Takeeveryopportunitytotalktopeoplefromdifferentcountries.GuidelinesforCross-CulturalCommunicationGuidelines2Besensitivetowardpeoplefromothercultures慎重对待来自不同文化的人Avoidgeneralizationsaboutgroupsofpeople.Avoiddiscussionaboutpolitics,religion,andanyotherpotentiallysensitiveissues敏感事情duringbusinessconversationsBesensitivetoethnic种族,religious宗教,andmoralvalues道德价值ofothers.GuidelinesforCross-CulturalCommunicationGuidelines3Beprepareforlanguagebarriers—andgetpastthem克服语言障碍DealingsensitivelywithotheremployeeswhosefirstlanguageisnotEnglishmakestheworkplaceamorecomfortablepl