2021届高考英语词汇阅读打卡计划（Day 18）提升版

2021高考英语词汇阅读打卡计划(Day

18)提升版

-：词汇打卡复习

1：decent/!di:s(o)nt/

adj.正派的；得体的；相当好的

Hedidn'tgetadecentexplanation.

他没有得到一个合理的解释。

2：cosy/fkouzi/

adj.舒适的，惬意的

Ifeltwarmandcosysittingbythefire.

坐在炉火旁，我感到暖和舒服极了。

3：elegance/'eligans/

n.[U]典雅；高雅

InhisModernistview,beautyliesinsimplicityandelegance,andtheaimofthedesigner

istocreatesolutionstoproblemsthroughthemostefficientmeans.

在他的现代主义观点中，美在于简单和优雅，设计师的目标是通过最有效的手段

创造问题的解决方案。

4：genuinerdjenjoin/

adj.真实的，真正的；诚恳的

Ifthisofferisgenuine,Iwillgladlyacceptit.

如果这份帮助是真诚的，我将愉快地接受它。

5：nephew/'nefju:/

n.[C]侄子；外甥

Shehasanephewwhoisjusttenyearsofage.

她有个才满10岁的侄子。

6：motive/'maotiv/

n.[C]动机，目的；主题

Jealousywasassignedasamotiveforthecrime.

嫉妒被认为是犯罪的动机。

7：passionate/'

adj.热情的；热烈的，激昂的；易怒的

Wearebothpassionateaboutacting,whichcomesfromusbeingsointerestedinpeople

我们都热衷于表演，这源于我们对人的兴趣。

【常用搭配】

bepassionateabout对某事有热情

8：resolution/rezolu:J(o)n/

n.[C]&[U]决议；解决；决心；分辨率

TheymadearesolutiontolosealltheweightgainedduringtheChristmasholidays.

他们下决心要减掉圣诞节期间增加的全部体重。

【常用搭配】

makearesolution下决心；制定计划

conflictresolution冲突解决

approve/adoptaresolution批准/通过决议

9：cruel/kroal/

adj.残酷的，残忍的；使人痛苦的，让人受难的；无情的，严酷的

Peopleoftenthinkofgossipersasharmless,butcruelliescancausepain.

人们通常认为说闲话的人是无害的，但残酷的谎言会带来痛苦。

【常用搭配】

becruelto...对...残酷

【派生词】

cruellyadv.残酷地;非常

crueltyn.残酷；残忍；残酷的行为

cruelnessn.残酷；残忍；刻毒伤人的语言

10：commitment/ka'mitm(a)nt/

n.[C]承诺，保证；委托；承担义务；献身

Wemadeacommitmenttokeepworkingtogether.

我们做了承诺要继续在一起工作。

【常用搭配】

makeacommitment承诺

11：landscape

n.风景,景色

风景画，风景照

时态：landscaped,landscaping,landscapes

名词:landscaper

近义词：

[n.]scenery,painting,picture,genre,pointofview,viewpoint,stand

[v.]decorate,adorn,grace,ornament,embellish,beautify,garden

landscapedesign景观设计；园林设计；环境景观设计

landscapearchitecture造园术，园林建筑学；造景建筑业

landscapeengineering园林工程；绿化工程；造园工程

landscapepark园景公园，天然公园

geographicallandscape地理景观

landscapegardencity园林城市

12：exhibition

n.展览,展览会

表现，显示

公开示范表演

近义词：

fn.]presentation,presentment,demonstration,collection,aggregation,accumulation,

assemblage

解析：

exhibition:一般指较正规的展览会。

exhibit:多指个人或团体陈列的展览品，规模可大可小。

show:指艺术品、农产品、工业品或商品等的任何形式的公开展览。

exposition:多指大型博览会或国际博览会。

fair:侧重指为促销商品而举办的展览会或商品交易会。

display:指展销会，商店橱窗或柜台上的陈列品。

l.Thequizwasagoodopportunityfortheexhibitionofhisknowledge.

这次测验是他显示知识的好机会.

2.Theexhibitionwillbeabigaffair.

这次展出将是一个盛举.

13：preserve

vt.保存；保护；维持；禁猎；腌

n.禁猎地；保护区；加工成的食品

n.（某人或群体的）专门活动

时态：preserved,preserving,preserves

名词:preservation

形容词：preservable

名词:preservation

名词:preserver

近义词：

[n.]sphere,domain,area,orbit,field,arena,reservation

[v.]keep,maintain,hold,holdon,cook,fix,ready

解析：

keep:最常用词，指长时间牢固地保持或保存。

retain:指继续保持。

reserve:正式用词，指为了将来的用途或其他用途而保存、保留。

preserve:主要指为防止损害、变质等而保存。

conserve:一般指保存自然资源，保全人的精力、力量等。

withhold:指扣住不放，暗示有阻碍。

l.Thissmoothingalgorithmcanpreservethestructureinformationintheoriginalimage

whilesmoothing

该算法可以在平滑图像的同时，保持原始图像中的边缘结构.

2.1cehelpstopreservefood.

冰有助于保存食物.

14：underground

adj.地下的；地下组织的，秘密的

adv.在地下；秘密地

n地铁

地下组织或活动

时态：undergrounded,undergrounding,undergrounds

近义词:

[n.]revolutionarygroup,railway,railroad,railroadline,railwayline,railwaysystem

[adj.]subsurface,covert

反义词:

[n.]overhead,surface,overt,open

解析:

underground：—•般用词，指城市中的地铁，主要用于英国。

subway:指城市中的地铁或通道，主要用于美国。

tube:主要用于英国口语

15：movement

['inu:vm0nt]美['mu:vm0nti

n.运动；活动；调遣；逐渐变化；进步；增减；乐章；机件

变形

复数：movements

1.Theycooperatedinthemovement.

他们在这项运动中进行合作.

2.Withaviolentmovement,heshookhisattackeroffhisback.

他猛一使劲,甩掉了背上的攻击者.

二：阅读打卡复习

(-)

Anyonewhopassesregularlythroughbusypublicspacesknowsthatonevictimofour

obsession(痴迷)withdigitaldevicessuchassmartphoneshasbeensmalltalk.Withoureyes

focusedonoursmartphones,fewerofusmakeconversationwithstrangers.Butarewemissing

somethinginthislossofrelaxingsmalltalk?

Agrowingbodyofresearchsuggeststhatsmalltalkhassurprisingbenefits.Inastudy

publishedin2014inthePersonalityandSocialPsychologyBulletin,researchersfoundthat

dailyinteractionswithcasualacquaintances(熟人)cancontributetoday-to-daywell-

being.Participantswereaskedtorecordtheirdailyinteractionswithpeopleconnectedtothem

by“strongtiesv(familyandfriends)and“weakties(acquaintances).Ondayswhen

participantshadmore“weaktie”interactionsthanusual,theyreportedagreatersenseof

belongingandhappiness.InastudypublishedintheJournalofExperimentalPsychologyin

2014,anothergroupofresearcherslookedatinteractionsamongstrangers.Theyinvited118

commuters(通勤者)ataChicago-arearailwaystationandgavethemoneofthreeroles:tostart

aconversationonthetrain,toavoidanyconversationandenjoythesolitude(loneliness)orto

dowhatevertheynormallydoontheircommute.Insurveyscompletedafterward,thosewho

wereinstructedtomakeconversationwithstrangersreported“notablymorepositive”

commutesthanthosewhorodeinsolitude.

“Talkingwithastrangermaynotofferthesamebenefitsastalkingwithaclosefriend,but

weunderestimateitsimportancetous,“saysthestudy'sco-author,NicholasEpley,a

professorofbehavioralscienceattheUniversityofChicagoBoothSchoolof

Business.Dr.Epleytradedinhisownsmartphoneforanoldfeaturelessphone,whichhasmade

him,hesays,moreopento^wonderful,shortconversationswithstrangers.

Peopleoverestimatethesocialrisksinvolvedinsmalltalk,addsDr.Epley,“Mostpeople

notonlywanttotalktoyou;they"11tellyousecretthingstheymaynoteventellafamily

member.”

l.Thefirststudygotthefindingsfromtheparticipantsbycomparingtheir.

A.strongandweaktieinteractions

B.casualandcloseacquaintances

C.privateandpublicinteractions

D.familymembersandfriends

2.Whatdidthestudydoneonthetrainfindout?

A.Peoplearelikelytorideinsolitudeonthetrain.

B.Fewcommutersliketochatwithstrangers.

C.Therearethreekindsoftraincommuters.

D.Chatswithstrangersbringjoytopeople.

3.WhichofthefollowingwouldDr.Epleyprobablyagreewith?

A.Itisnicertotalkwithstrangersthanfriends.

B.Smartphonesmaykillsmalltalkwithstrangers.

C.Peoplefailtorealizetheimportanceoffriendship.

D.Moststrangersprefertospendtimeontheirphones.

4.Whatdoesthetextmainlydiscuss?

A.Theinteractionswithstrangers.

B.Thelossofrelaxingsmalltalk.

C.Theinfluenceofsmartphones.

D.Theimportantroleofsmalltalk.

参考答案：ADBD

（二）

Theyear3700,Earthisfartoohotforanyhumantocallithome.Onthisplanetatleast,

manisnothingmorethanamemory一ifthereisanythinglefttorememberthe“wiseman”.

Butwhataboutourwisdom一willanyofitsurviveus?

Theconventionalanswerisno.Knowledgerequiresaknower,andtherewillbeno

knowingmindsaroundthen.Butifinformationsurvives,perhapsinbooksorharddrives,

maybetheknowledgeisn*tquitedeadbutdormant（休眠）,readytobecomealivewiththehelp

ofothermindsthatdevelopovertimeorcometovisitEarthinthedistantfuture.

Atfirstsight,thatseemstobereasonable:afterall,wehavedonesimilarthingswithpast

knowledge.Forexample,wesavedanancientcomputerfromashipdestroyedatseaoffthe

southerncoastofGreece,andsucceededinfindingthemeaningofEgyptianhieroglyphics（象

形文字）.Carefulworkcanbringpreviouslylostwisdombacktolife.

However,thekeypointisthatthereiscertainculturalcontinuitywiththoseancienttimes

thatallowsustoreasonandmakeprogressinthedark:weknowwearedealingwiththe

legacy（遗产）ofotherhumans.Withoutthatlink,thesurvivalofobjectsandrawdatadoesn't

guaranteethesurvivalofknowledge.Andalackofcontinuityinlanguagewithanyfuture

intelligencewouldbeabarrier.Knowledgeiscloselyconnectedwithlanguage.Whena

languagediesout,wecanlosesystemsofreasoningthattheycontain.