2021届中考英语阅读理解强化训练（五）文化类

2021届中考英语阅读理解强化训练（五）

文化类

（一）

Howdoyouspendyoursparetime?Therewillbedifferentanswerstoit.Mostpeoplein

Polandhavetheirownwaysofspendingfreetime.Sometimestheyjustwanttohavearest,but

theytrytodosomethingmorepleasantmostofthetime.Theyhavemanydifferenthobbies,

whichhelpthemtogetawayfromtheireverydayproblemsandspendtheirfreetimehappily.

ManyPolishpeopleliketravelling.Theylookfornewplacesthattheyhaveneverbeentoand

addnewandexcitingexperiencestotheirjourney.Someofthemliketoclimbmountains,others

liketogototheseaoralaketoswim,becausethesecanmakethemgetexerciseandaregood

fortheirhealth.

ManyPolishpeoplealsoliketowatchsportsintheirfreetime.Theyareusuallycrazyabout

football,andfootballisregardedasthePolishnationalsport.Manyfootballfansmaysupporta

certainteam,sotheygotowatcheverymatchoftheteamtheysupport,andtheybuymany

thingsthathaveanyrelationwiththeteam.Watchingasportanddoingitarebothgoodwaysto

relax.

Inaddition,doctorssaythatdoingsportsisverygoodforthehealth.Manypeopleintown,

especiallyyoungmen,oftengotothegymtoattendtheexerciseclassestokeepfit.

Besidestheseways,Polishpeoplehavemanyotherwaystospendtheirfreetime.Andthey

reallyenjoytheirfreetime.

1.Polishpeoplehavemanydifferenthobbiesinorderto.

A.solvetheirdailyproblemsB.finishalltheirwork

C.makesomefriendsD.relaxthemselvesintheirsparetime

2.WhydosomePolishpeoplelikeclimbingmountains?

A.Becausetheyhatetravelling.B.Becausetheycangetexercisefromit.

C.Becausetheycanfindanewplace.D.Becauseitiscomfortableandfunny.

3.WhichofthefollowingsportsisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

A.Playingfootball.B.CIimbingmountains.C.Skating.D.Swimming.

4.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?

A.FootballismanyPolishpeople'sfavouritesport.

B.YoungPolishpeopleoftengotothegym.

C.AIIthePolishpeopledosportsintheirsparetime.

D.MostPolishpeopledon'tlikewatchingsports.

5.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Polishcultureiscolourful.

B.Polishpeoplehavemanywaysofspendingfreetime.

C.Adoctorcangiveyougoodadvice.

D.Thereisnoneedtodosportsoroutdooractivities.

（二）

LastsummerIwenttooneoftheworld'smostfamoushistoricalplaces,theForbiddenCityin

Beijing,China.Itwasthehomeoftheemperorsofthelasttwodynasties（朝代）inChina,the

MingandQingdynasties.

TheForbiddenCitywascompletedin1420.Thepalacehasabout9,000rooms.Itwasthere

thattheemperorsdealtwiththeofficialbusinesswiththeirministers.

InMandarin（普通话），theForbiddenCityiscalled"ZijinCheng".However,thecolourofthe

palaceitselfisnotpurple.Thecolourpurple（"Zi"）standsforthepowerofthegreatemperorsof

China.Itwassosacred（神圣的）thatthecommonerscouldnotevendreamofevergoingin.

TheemperoralsohadsomeofthelargestfestivalcelebrationsattheForbiddenCity.During

ChineseNewYear,theemperorwouldinviteallthemembersofhisfamilyandhisofficialstoa

banquet.ThebanquethadahundredandeightChinesedishes.Itwassuchanexpensivebanquet

thatitcouldfeedacommoner'sfamilyforthreegenerations（代）.

RightnowtheForbiddenCityisknownasahistoricalsitefortouristsfromallovertheworld.

Everyonecangointoit.ItisamuseumwithpricelessChineseantiques（古董）andtreasures.

IreallylearntalotabouttheChinesecultureanditshistoryfromthistriptotheForbiddenCity.

ItwaslikeadreamcomingtruetogoonthetripandseethethingsthatIhadalwayswantedto

see.

l.HowlongisthehistoryoftheForbiddenCity?

A.About600years.B.About9,000years.C.1,420years.D.Over10,000years.

2.Wecallthepalace"ZijinCheng"becausethecolourpurpleisthesymbolfortheofthe

emperor.

A.powerB.fameC.wealthD.health

3.What'stheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedword"banquet"inParagraph4?

A.表演B.比赛C.展览D.宴会

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheForbiddenCityinthepassage?

A.Theemperorslivedthere.B.Thewallofitispurple.

C.ltisahistoricalplaceforvisiting.D.Theemperorhadfestivalcelebrationsthere.

5.InthepassagethewriterwantstoshowusoftheForbiddenCity.

A.thebeautyB.thetreasuresC.thechangesinuseD.thebuildingprocess

（三）

Livinginaforeigncountrycanbeexciting,butitcanalsobeconfusing（令人迷惑的）.Agroup

ofAmericanswhotaughtEnglishinothercountriesrecentlydiscussedtheirexperiences.They

decidedthatmiscommunicationswerealwayspossible,evenoversomethingassimpleasnyes"

and"no".

OnherfirstdayinMicronesia,anislandinthePacific,Lisathoughtpeopleweren'tpayingany

attentiontoher.Thedaywashot.Shewentintoastoreandasked,"Doyouhavecolddrinks?"

Thewomantheredidn'tsayanything.Lisarepeatedthequestion.Stillthewomansaidnothing.

Shelaterlearnedthatthewomanhadansweredher.Shehadraisedhereyebrows（眉毛），which

inMicronesiameans"yes".

JanrememberedanexperienceshehadinBulgaria,acountryinEurope.Shewenttoa

restaurantthatwasknownforitscabbage（卷心'菜）.Sheaskedthewaiter;"Doyouhavecabbage

today?1'Henoddedhishead.Janwaited,butthecabbagenevercame.Inthatcountry,anod

means"no".

TomhadasimilarproblemwhenhearrivedinIndia.Afterexplainingsomethinginclass,he

askedhisstudentsiftheyunderstood.Theyansweredwithmanydifferentnodsandshakesofthe

head.Hethoughtsomestudentshadnotunderstood,soheexplainedagain.Whenheasked

again,theydidthesamething.Hesoonfoundoutthathisstudentsdidunderstand.InIndia,

peoplenodandshaketheirheadsindifferentwaysdependingon（取决于）wheretheycome

from.Youhavetoknowwhereapersonisfromtounderstandwhethertheymean"yes"or"no".

l.TheseAmericansteachingEnglishinothercountriesfoundthatthey.

A.shouldgoabroadforvacationsB.neededtolearnforeignlanguages

C.shouldoftendiscusstheirexperiencesD.hadproblemswithcommunications

2.PeopleinMicronesiashow"yes"by.

A.noddingheadsB.raisingeyebrowsC.shakingheadsD.saying"no"

3.Tommisunderstoodhisclassatfirstbecause.

A.hedidnotknowmuchaboutIndiancultureB.hedidn'texplaineverythingclearlyenough

C.somestudentsdidn'tunderstandhisquestionsD.hedidn'tknowwherethestudentscamefrom

4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothispassage?

A.lnBulgaria,noddingheadsmeans"no".BJantaughtEnglishonaPacificisland.

C.Lisawastryingtobuysomecabbage.D.lnIndia,onlyshakingheadsmeans"yes".

5.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.bodylanguageinforeignrestaurantsB.classdiscussioninIndianschools

C.miscommunicationsindifferentculturesD.Englishteachinginothercountries

(四)

ThereisatownnearSuzhou.Itisveryinterestingandbeautiful.ThisisLuxiang,anoldtown.

LuxiangwasbuiltintheSouthernSongDynasty(11277279).Thereweremanyfamous

peoplelivinginthetownatthattime.

Therearearound30oldbuildingsofMingandQing(16447912)dynastiesnow.Peoplelive

asimplelife.Sixlanes(巷)inthetowngotoTaihuLake.Luxianglooksmorebeautifulinspring,

withmanyteatreesandfruitgardens.ThisplaceisfamousfortheteacalledBiluochun.

TheEgyptianpyramidswerebuiltaround2,560B.C.ThelargestoneofthemistheGreat

PyramidofKhufu.TheKing,Khufu,builtitashistomb.

TheGreatPyramidwasconsideredauniquebuildinginthe19thcenturyA.D.Atthattime,it

wasstillthetallestintheworld.Accordingtoscientificresearch,Khufuorderedhismentobuild

itstonebystone.Thebiggeststoneweighs15tons,andeachstonewasfixedsowell.

TheGreatPyramidhasfoursidesandeachsideis230.4metreslongand146.5metreshigh.At

thattime,therewerenomodernmachinesorequipment,sohowdidtheancientEgyptiansbuild

it?Tothisday,itisstillamystery.

l.ManyfamouspeoplewerelivinginLuxiang.

A.from1127to1279B.from1644to1912

C.from1127to1644D.from1279to1912

2.Luxiangisfamousfor.

A.fruitgardensB.teatreesC.BiluochunD.sixlanes

3.Inordertobuildhistomb,theKingKhufubuilt.

A.theancientpyramidsB.theEgyptainpyramids

C.theGreatPyramidD.themysteriouspyramids

4.BuildingtheGreatPyramidisstillamysterynow,because.

A.eachstonewasfixedwell

B.therewerenomodernmachinesorequipmentthen

C.itwasmadeofstones

D.itwasthetallestbuildingintheworld

5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A.EachsideoftheGreatPyramidis230.4metreslongand146.5metreswide.

B.LuxiangisfarawayfromSuzhou.

C.Luxianglooksmorebeautifulexceptspring.

D.Inthe19thcenturyA.D.,theGreatPyramidwasspecialandunusual.

（五）

Peopleuselanguagestocommunicate.Anylanguagehasitswaystoexpresspeople'sminds.

Oneofthewaysincommonistheuseofidioms.Anidiomisagroupofwords.Ithasaspecial

meaningthatisdifferentfromtheusualmeaning.Forexample,undertheweatherisanidiom

meaningill.Sowhenpeoplesay'Tmundertheweather,"theyaresayingthatthey'renotfeeling

well.Anotherexample,inallweathersmeansinallkindsofweather.So,"Therearehomeless

peoplesleepingonthestreetsinallweathers"tellsusthathomelesspeoplesleeponthestreets

nomatterwhetheritiscoldorhot.

Differentlanguagesmayhavedifferentwaystomakeidioms.Forpeoplewhoarelearninga

foreignlanguage,idiomscouldcausemisunderstandingsandbringthemendlessheadaches.On

theotherhandthingsaredoneright,idiomscanalsobeafunwayoflookingintoanewculture

andunderstandinghowthepeoplethinkandtalk.

Metaphor（比喻）isoftenusedinidioms.Let'sreadthefollowingtwoexamples:

•Itmakesmybloodboil（煮沸）thenpeoplelitter.

•Thenightwasdarkandquiet;mybloodrancoldwhenIheardastrangenoiseoutsideat

darknight.

Inneithersituationabove,ourbloodcanreachthepointsohighorsolowintemperature.Yet,

withthesituationsthetwosentencescreated,itisnotdifficulttoworkouttheunhappyfeelings

ofreallyangryinthefirstexampleandveryafraidinthesecond.

Ofcourse,notallidiomsarethiseasytounderstand.Whenwecometoidiomsofaforeign

language,agooddictionaryofidiomsisalwayssuggested.

l.ThispassagetellsussomethingaboutintheEnglishlanguage.

A.grammarB.writingC.readingD.idioms

2.Ifyourbrotherbreaksyourcomputer,youcansaytohim,"

A.l'mundertheweatherB.l'mthereinall

weathers

C.You'vemademybloodboilD.Mybloodrunscold

3.Whatisthewriter'sadvicewhenyoucometoanexpressionlikeundertheweather?

A.Weshouldlookitupinagoodidiomdictionary.

B.Weshouldtrytoexpressourmindswithit.

C.Weshouldfindaninterestingwaytolearnit.

D.Weshouldcreatesituationstoguessitsmeaning.

（六）

FormostpeopleintheWest,Valentine'sDay（1W人节）iscelebratedonFebruary14,buthere

inJapanit'sonMarch14—exactlyonemonthafterValentine*sDay—calledWhiteDay.

ToreallyunderstandwhatWhiteDayisallabout,youhavetounderstandwhatValentine's

DayinJapanislike.JapaneseValentine'sDayisallaboutmengettingpresents.Japanesewomen

areusuallytooshytoshowtheirlove,thoughitmightnotbetruetoday.Valentine'sDayisa

greatchancetoletwomenshowtheirfeelings.Doesitsoundgoodtoyou?Don'tgettooexcited

whenyougetchocolatefromJapanesegirls!TheygivechocolatenotonlyIotheirlovedones,but

alsotomensuchasbosses（老板）andmale（男t生的）friends.Menshouldreturngiftstowomen

onWhiteDay.

Onbothdays,chocolateisthegiftofchoice.Moreoften,thecolourofthechocolateiswhite

becauseofthenameoftheday.Youcanalsobuyflowers,candies,orcookies.

TheJapanesefirstcelebratedWhiteDayin1978.NowitisalsocelebratedinSouthKorea

andTaiwan,China.

1.InJapan,WhiteDayison.

A.February14B.February15C.March14D.March15

2.What'sthemostcommonWhiteDaygift?

A.Whitechocolate.B.Flowers.C.Candies.D.Cookies.

3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.WhiteDayhasahistoryof100years.

B.Womencangetgi代sonWhiteDay.

C.PeopleallovertheworldcelebrateWhiteDay.

D.OnWhiteDaygirlsonlygivegiftstotheirboyfriends.

4.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.TheHistoryofValentine'sDayB.Valentine'sDayintheUS

C.HowtoCelebrateWhiteDayD.WhiteDayinJapan

5.Thewriterofthispassagemaybefrom.

A.JapanB.ChinaC.AmericaD.SouthKorea

答案以及解析

(-)

1.答案：1-5.DBCAB

解析:1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的whichhelpthemtogetawayfromtheireveryday

problemsandspendtheirfreetimehappily可知，波兰人有许多不同的爱好，目的是远离日常的

问题,在业余时间放松自己，故选D项。

2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Someofthemliketoclimbmountains,othersliketogotothe

seaoralaketoswim,becausethesecanmakethemgetexerciseandaregoodfortheirhealth."

可知，他们中的一些人喜欢爬山，其他人喜欢去大海或湖泊游泳,因为这些可以让他们得到锻

炼，并且对他们的健康有好处。故选B项。

3.细节理解题。根据第二、三、四段可知,文章提到了踢足球、游泳和爬山,没有提及滑冰，故

选C项。

4.主旨大意题。根据第三段全段内容，尤其是"Theyareusuallycrazyaboutfootball,andfootball

isregardedasthePolishnationalsport."可知本段主要介绍足球是许多波兰人最喜欢的运动,

故选A项。

5。.主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了波兰人有很多种度过业余时间的方式，故选B项。

答案：1-5AADBC

解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"TheForbiddenCitywascompletedin1420."可知紫禁城

距今有大约600年的历史了。

2.细节理解题。根据文中的"Thecolourpurple('Zi')standsforthepowerofthegreatemperorsof

China."可知"紫"代表中国皇帝的权力，故选A项。

3.词义猜测题。根据文章第四段中的"ThebanquethadahundredandeightChinesedishes."可

知这个"banquet"有108道菜，由此可知选D项。

4.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"However,thecolourofthepalaceitselfisnotpurple."可知这座

宫殿本身不是紫色的，因此选B项。

5.主旨大意题。文中作者通过对紫禁城古今的对比，旨在说明其在使用上的变化。

(三)

答案：1-5DBAAC

解析：1.细节理解题。根据文中的"Theydecidedthatmiscommunicationswerealwayspossible"

可知选Do

2.细节理解题。根据文中的"Shehadraisedhereyebrows,whichinMicronesiameans,yes'."可知

选Bo

3,推理判断题。通读最后一段我们可以知道汤姆起初误解他的学生们是因为他对印度文化不

了解。故选A。

4.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"inBulgaria”和“Inthatcountry,anodmeans'no'.”可知只有A

是正确的。故选A。

5.主旨大意题。这篇短文主要讲述的是身处不同文化中时发生的沟通误解。故选C。

（四）

答案：1-5ACCBD

解析：1.细节理解题。由LuxiangwasbuiltintheSouthernSongDynasty（1127~12