新高考适用2023版高考英语二轮总复习第1部分阅读能力突破篇专题2阅读七选五第1讲根据设题位置解题

第一部分专题二第1讲A(2022·河北省衡水市高考二模)Forthoseofyouwhohavedecidedtostudyincollegesoverseas,itʼstimetochooseyourmajor.Thereʼsnostandardruleforhowtodecideonamajor.__1__●Startwithyourinterests.Brainstormingcanbehelpful.Makealistofeverythingyouʼrepassionate(热情的)about.__2__Then,reviewyourlistandpickoutafewthingsthatcouldberelatedtodifferentcourses.●Thinkaboutyourabilities.Next,makealistofyourskills.__3__Attendingsomeacademicprogrammesoroff-campusactivitiesandtakinginternships(实习)aregoodwaystobothexploreyourinterestsandgainskills.●__4__Youmightnotknowexactlywhatyouwanttodoprofessionally,butyoumayhaveamoregeneralgoalofdoingworkthathelpspeople,forexample.Additionally,youmayalsowanttocomparesalariesforvariouscareerstoseewhatthefuturewouldbelikeifyouhadthatcareer.●Getinsightfromprofessionals.Youmighthavefriendsorfamilymemberswhocansharetheirexperienceofchoosingamajor.__5__Theywillhaveconsultantsandresourcesthatyoucanusetogainabetterunderstandingoftheoptionsavailabletoyou.A．Itʼsimportanttorememberthatyourmajorisnʼtadirectroutetoafuturecareer.B．However,herearesomewaystonarrowitdown.C．Consideryourcareeroutlook.D．Comparethetwoliststoseewheretheyoverlap.E．Knowingwhatreallyengagesyouisimportantwhenselectingamajor.F．Yourpassionswillhelppresentyourpotentialchoicesforsubjectstostudy.G．Meanwhile,youcouldalsoturntosometrainingschoolsforoverseasstudies.【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了几条关于出国留学如何选择适合自己的专业的方法建议。1．B段尾题。设空句在第一段末尾，有承上启下的作用。根据上文“Thereʼsnostandardruleforhowtodecideonamajor.(选择专业没有标准的规则。)”可知，主题为“选择专业”，且下文各段小标题“Startwithyourinterests.(从你的兴趣开始。)”，“Thinkaboutyourabilities.(想想你的能力。)”则提及了选择专业的方法，因此可推知，设空句要有转折含义，呼应话题“选择专业”，且对下文有总领作用。选项B“However,herearesomewaystonarrowitdown.(然而，这里有一些缩小范围的方法。)”符合语境，“someways”对应下文各方法，“it”代指上文的“todecideonamajor”。故选B。2．F段中题。根据上文“Makealistofeverythingyouʼrepassionate(热情的)about.(列出你热爱的一切。)”可知，要列举出自己热爱的事情，因此可推知，设空紧跟该句之后，应进一步解释列举热爱事物的原因，以更具有说服力。选项F“Yourpassionswillhelppresentyourpotentialchoicesforsubjectstostudy.(你热衷的爱好或活动将有助于展示你对学习科目的潜在选择。)”符合语境，讲述了热爱的事情有助于选择专业，且“passions”与上文“passionate”为同根词复现原则。故选F。3．D段中题。根据上文“Next,makealistofyourskills.(接下来，列出你的技能。)”可知，要做一个关于自身能力的列表，下文“Attendingsomeacademicprogrammesoroff-campusactivitiesandtakinginternships(实习)aregoodwaystobothexploreyourinterestsandgainskills.(参加一些学术课程或校外活动以及实习都是探索兴趣和获得技能的好方法。)”则提及了“探索兴趣和获得技能”，因此可推知，设空句应再次提及兴趣列表。选项D“Comparethetwoliststoseewheretheyoverlap.(比较这两个列表，看看它们在哪里重叠。)”符合语境，其中“thetwolists”指代上文的“兴趣列表”和“技能列表”。故选D。4．C小标题。根据下文“Additionally,youmayalsowanttocomparesalariesforvariouscareerstoseewhatthefuturewouldbelikeifyouhadthatcareer.(此外，你可能还想比较不同职业的薪水，看看如果你有这个职业，未来会是什么样子。)”可知，该部分的核心话题是“未来的职业”，设空处作为该部分小标题，呼应主题。选项C“Consideryourcareeroutlook.(考虑一下你的职业前景。)”符合语境，提出了话题，“careeroutlook(职业前景)”与段落中的细节内容“salaries”相呼应。故选C。5．G段中题。根据小标题“Getinsightfromprofessionals.(从专业人士那里获得见解。)”可知，该段强调在选择专业时可以咨询专业人士，选项G“Meanwhile,youcouldalsoturntosometrainingschoolsforoverseasstudies.(同时，你也可以求助于一些海外学习培训学校。)”符合语境，其中提及的“sometrainingschoolsforoverseasstudies”为专业人士，“meanwhile”与上文构成并列递进关系。故选G。B(2022·山东省泰安市高三一模)Whenyouʼregivingaspeechtoanaudience,thereisnʼtaone-stop-shopapproachthatwilladdresseveryindividual.__1__Youneedtoconsidercarefullythecontentattheplanningstageofyourspeech.__2__largeraudiencesoftenhavelittleornoaudienceparticipation,soyouneedtoensurethatyourspeechfillsthetimeslot(空档)allocated.Toattaintheattentionofalargeraudience,yourtoneandbodylanguageisalsomoreimportant,andmaintainingeyecontactwithasmanyindividualsisvital.__3__Thismeansyouʼllneedtoprepareenoughmaterialtofillthetimeslotifneeded,butallowforquestionsorcommentsthroughoutwhilestilldeliveringyourmessageinthetimeyouhave.Thesecondhurdletoovercomeisthatyounaturallyhavelotsofdifferenttypesofpeopleintheroom.__4__Asageneralrule,thereare4differentwayspeoplelearn:visual,auditory,readingandwritingandkinaesthetic.Includingelementsofeachlearningstylewillhelptoengagemoreofyouraudience,andassistinconnectingwithdifferentaudiences.Anotherwayyouʼllneedtoadaptyourspeechiswhetheryouareaddressingotherexpertsinthesamefield,orifyouaretalkingtobeginnersoranaudiencewithlimitedknowledge.Targetingthesetwotypesofaudiencewillbeabiggerandmoredifficulttask.__5__Tryingtotargetbothexpertsandbeginnerswiththesamespeechcouldalienate(疏远)bothpartiesandresultinthelossofengagementcompletely.A．Theylearnandtakeininformationinmanydifferentways.B．Youaretalkingtoaparticularagegroup,genderorprofession.C．Themosteffectivewayistocreatetwoversionsofyourspeech.D．Audiences,largeorsmall,arecomplexandhavedifferentrequirements.E．Adaptingyourspeechbasedontheaudiencesizeisyourfirstaction-point.F．Nomatterhowmuchyouprepare,youmayfindyouarelosingaudienceengagement.G．Forsmalleraudiencestheyhavemoreopportunitytobemoreconversationalandrelaxed.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了发表演讲没有一劳永逸的方法，需要根据听众的大小或者类型来调整演讲内容。1．D段中题。上文“Whenyouʼregivingaspeechtoanaudience,thereisnʼtaone-stop-shopapproachthatwilladdresseveryindividual.(当你向听众发表演讲时，没有一种一站式的方法可以针对每个人。)”说明发表演讲时，没有一个通用的方法可以适用于每一个人，所以空处应表示观众是不同的，要求也不尽相同，D项“听众，无论大小，都很复杂，有不同的要求。”符合题意。故选D。2．E段首题。下文“Largeraudiencesoftenhavelittleornoaudienceparticipation,soyouneedtoensurethatyourspeechfillsthetimeslot(空档)allocated.(较大的听众通常很少或根本没有听众参与，因此您需要确保您的演讲占满时间段分配。)”说明，听众较大的时候，听众参与少，应该调整演讲占满时间段，E项中“theaudiencesize”是关键词，根据听众大小调整演讲，E项“根据听众大小调整演讲是你的第一个行动点。”符合题意。故选E。3．G段中题。下文“Thismeansyouʼllneedtoprepareenoughmaterialtofillthetimeslotifneeded,butallowforquestionsorcommentsthroughoutwhilestilldeliveringyourmessageinthetimeyouhave.(这意味着如果需要，你需要准备足够的材料来填补这段时间，但是在你所拥有的时间中传递信息的同时，要允许问题或评论。)”说明，你需要准备材料填补时间，并应对听众可能的提问或者评论，G项“对于较小的观众，他们有更多的机会进行更多的交谈和放松。”符合题意。故选G。4．A段中题。下文“Asageneralrule,thereare4differentwayspeoplelearn(一般来说，有四种不同的学习方式)”说明，听众会有不同的学习方式，A项“他们以许多不同的方式学习和吸收信息。”符合题意。故选A。5．C段中题。上文“Targetingthesetwotypesofaudiencewillbeabiggerandmoredifficulttask.(针对这两类受众将是一项更大、更困难的任务。)”说明，针对初学者和专家这两类受众进行演讲是困难的，以及下文“Tryingtotargetbothexpertsandbeginnerswiththesamespeechcouldalienate(疏远)bothpartiesandresultinthelossofengagementcompletely.(试图用同一个演讲同时针对专家和初学者可能会疏远这两类听众，导致完全失去参与。)”说明，用同样的语言对待两种类型受众是不可行的，所以空处应说明应对这两类受众的方式，C项“最有效的方法是为你的演讲创建两个版本。”符合题意。故选C。C(2022·福建省莆田市高中毕业班第三次模拟)Sure,alcoholdoesgiveyouasenseofhappiness,andyoumayfeellikealltheproblemsoftheworldhavejustdisappeared.__1__Howlongcanyouescapefromthereal-lifeproblemsandignorethemasiftheydonʼtexist?Someexpertslistafewreasonswhyyoushouldquitalcohol.__2__Manystudiesshowthehealthbenefitsofdrinkingalcohol.However,heavydrinkingcanhaveharmfuleffectsonyourbodyandbrain,leadingtocertaindiseasessuchasheartdiseaseordiabetesinlaterlifestages.__3__Onceyouquitdrinking,yourbodystartsrepairingitself.Asaresult,youstartfeelingbetterandmorecontent.Becausethebodyisnʼtaffectedbyalcohol,yousavemoreenergytofocusonthings.Aboveall,yourbrainandbodycanfunctionatitstotalcapacityonceagain.Youwouldsaygoodbyetohangovers(宿醉)Theworstpartaboutgettingdrunkisthehangover.__4__Havingheadaches,feelingsick,anddrainedallmorninglong...Itmakesyouthink,“whydidIdrinksomuchlastnight？”Butonthecontrarytothiswholeexperience,thereʼsonethingthatstandsout:wakinguprefreshedwithafantasticdayaheadofusinsteadofhavingwokenupsickfromdrinkingtoomuchalcohol.Noguiltoverdrinking,nomoreapologizingWhetheryounoticeornot,yourlovedonesmusthaveexpressedconcernoveryourdrinkinghabit.Doyoufeelguiltyeachtimeyoudoitandpromiseyourselftoquitbutcanʼtresist?Knowthatbeingfreefromalcoholcanbehighlyliberatingandpowerful.Ifyouarestrugglingtostoponyourown,knowthatthereisnoshameinseekingtreatmentandhelp.Theresultswillbetremendous,andyourlifewillchangeforgood.Itmightnotseemeasytoquit,buteverythinghasastartingpoint.__5__A．Itʼsakiller!B．Butisitapermanentsolution?C．Butthereisgoodnewsforyou.D．Youwouldstartfeelingbetter.E．Youwouldsavequiteasumoffortune.F．Hasitbeenlongsinceyoufeltthisway?G．Starttodayandliberateyourselffromtheguilt.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是戒酒的几条理由。1．B段中题。根据上文“Sure,alcoholdoesgiveyouasenseofhappiness,andyoumayfeellikealltheproblemsoftheworldhavejustdisappeared.(当然，酒精确实会给你一种幸福感，你可能会觉得世界上所有的问题都消失了。)”及下文“Howlongcanyouescapefromthereal-lifeproblemsandignorethemasiftheydonʼtexist？(你能逃避现实生活中的问题，假装它们不存在一样忽视它们多久？)”可知，空格处表示靠喝酒来逃避问题不是长久的解决办法，B选项“Butisitapermanentsolution？(但这是一个永久的解决方案吗？)”对喝酒是否是一个长久的解决办法提出疑问，起着承上启下的作用，符合语境，故选B。2．D小标题。由下文“Onceyouquitdrinking,yourbodystartsrepairingitself.Asaresult,youstartfeelingbetterandmorecontent.(一旦你戒了酒，你的身体就开始自我修复。因此，你开始感觉更好，更满足。)”可知，本段主要讲的是戒酒可以让你感觉更好，D选项“Youwouldstartfeelingbetter.(你会开始感觉好些。)”概括了本段的主题，可作为小标题，故选D。3．C段中题。根据上文“However,heavydrinkingcanhaveharmfuleffectsonyourbodyandbrain,leadingtocertaindiseasessuchasheartdiseaseordiabetesinlaterlifestages.(然而，大量饮酒会对你的身体和大脑产生有害影响，导致某些疾病，如在以后的生活阶段的心脏病或糖尿病。)”及下文“Onceyouquitdrinking,yourbodystartsrepairingitself.Asaresult,youstartfeelingbetterandmorecontent.(一旦你戒了酒，你的身体就开始自我修复。因此，你开始感觉更好，更满足。)”可知，C选项“Butthereisgoodnewsforyou.(但有好消息告诉你。)”引出后面的戒酒可以让人感觉更好这个好消息，可起到承上启下的作用，故选C。4．A段中题。根据上文“Theworstpartaboutgettingdrunkisthehangover.(醉酒最糟糕的部分是宿醉。)”及下文“Havingheadaches,feelingsick,anddrainedallmorninglong(头痛，恶心，整个早上都精疲力竭)”可知，空格处引出下文的宿醉的坏处，A选项“Itʼsakiller！(这是一个杀手！)”说明了宿醉是有坏处的，引出下文具体的坏处，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选A。5．G段尾题。根据上文“Itmightnotseemeasytoquit,buteverythinghasastartingpoint.(戒酒似乎不容易，但每件事都有一个起点。)”可知，空格处应劝人开始戒酒，G选项“Starttodayandliberateyourselffromtheguilt.(从今天开始，把自己从内疚中解放出来。)”鼓励人开始戒酒，承接了上文的内容，符合语境，故选G。D(2022·江苏省南通高考四模)Aslongasyoulive,youhaveanopportunitytochangeandpursueyourlifeʼspurpose.Whenyourpurposeistohelpothers,youseektofocusonwhatyouwanttocreateratherthanalwaysfocusonproblems.Thisiscalledgenerativity—aconcernforpeoplebesidesselfandfamily.__1__Studiessuggestthathelpingotherscanincreaseyourhappinessandimproveyourhealth.Whenyouʼregenerative,youdonʼtletthelittleupsanddownsoflifegettoyou.__2__AccordingtopsychologistKraussWhitbourne,puttingothersbeforeyourselfisahiddensuperpower.Andthemostgenerativepeoplehavebetterlong-termwell-beingthanpeoplewhofocuspurelyontheirownhappiness.Accordingtoa2007AmeriCorpsstudy,volunteeringprovidesnotjustsocialbenefits,butindividualhealthbenefitsaswell.__3__Thosewhovolunteerhavelowerdeathrates,greaterfunctionalability,andlowerratesofdepressionlaterinlifethanthosewhodonotvolunteer.Perhapshelpingothersratherthanfocusingpurelyonourownwell-beingbenefitsusbecausethegoalofvolunteeringmaybeclosertoourheartsandourvaluesthanthejobwehaveintheeverydayworld.__4__Benefitingfromasenseofpurposecancomefromsupportingyourfamilyandfriendsormentoringsomeone.Togainthebenefitsofhelpingothers,youdonʼtneedtosavetheworld,justimproveyourlittlecornerofit.__5__Withoutit,youcanʼtbewhollysatisfiedoratpeace.Yourlifeisacorneroftheuniverse,andbyimprovingthatcornerthrougheverythingyoutouch,youchangeeverything.A．Thebenefitsofgenerativityarewide-reaching.B．Youdonʼthavetodosomethinghugetobeofservice.C．Itʼsnevertoolatetodowhatyoucantomakeothershappy.D．Instead,youfocusonsomethinghigherandmoremeaningful.E．Thereisastrongrelationshipbetweenvolunteeringandhealth.F．Generativityispartoffeelingfullyyourselfandlivingafulllife.G．Whenyouhelpothers,youseektofocusonwhatyouwanttocreate.【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。主要通过对帮助他人的好处、意义等方面的相关论述，呼吁大众帮助他人。1．A段中题。根据空前“Thisiscalledgenerativity—aconcernforpeoplebesidesselfandfamily.(这就叫做慷慨，除了自我和家庭之外，人们还关心的一个问题。)”及空后“Studiessuggestthathelpingotherscanincreaseyourhappinessandimproveyourhealth.(研究表明，帮助其他人能增加你的幸福感，且改善你的健康。)”