2021年江苏徐州中考英语总复习主题阅读训练：人与自然

主题阅读（五）人与自然

I.完形填空

HukouWaterfall:WaterFallsfromtheSky

HukouWaterfallisthelargestyellowwaterfallintheworld.ItisalsothesecondlargestwaterfallinChinanext

toHuangguoshuWaterfallinGuizhouProvince.

FromitsheadwatersinQinghaiProvince,theYellowRiver]allthewaytotheeastandfinallytothesea.

ItcarriesChinesehistoryandcivilization（文明）ofmorethan5,000years,sotheYellowRiveris2asChina's

“MotherRiver”.

AsitflowstoHukouVillage,theriversharplynarrowsfrom500meters3toonlyabout30meters.The

calmwatersuddenlyfallsdownintoadeeppool4thousandsofwildhorsesrunforwardwildly.Asaresult,a

wonderfulwaterfall5.Itseemsthatthewaterpoursdownfromabigteapot,sothewaterfallhasthename

Hukou-meaningthe6ofateapotinChinese.

Thefallingwaterbringshugesmokeandclouds,withcolor7fromyellowtogrey,greytoblue.People

8_thisheart-shakingsight“smokefromtheriver”.Thereisalsoastoneunderthewaterfall.Itmovesupanddown

9_thefallingwater.Itisnotseenallthetimeasthewaterisalwayschanging,soitis10guishi,meaningthe

"mysteriousstone”.

Overhistory,lotsofpoetsandpaintersoncetraveledhere.Theyadmiredthe11view,andleftnumerous

worksaboutthegreatwaterfall.12them,LiBai'sInvitationtoWine（《将进酒》）maybethebest-known.It

says,“DonotyouseetheYellowRivercomefromthesky,13theseaandnevercomeback?^^

TherearemanywondersatHukouWaterfall,14smokefromtheriver,boatsonlandandrainbowsinthe

sunshine.AprilandOctoberarethebesttimeto15HukouWaterfall.Why?Becausethewaterisfull!

l.A.circlesB.runsC.opensD.drives

2.A.describedB.increasedC.mixedD.developed

3.A.longB.highC.wideD.low

4.A.sofarB.sothatC.asifD.assoonas

5.A.dropsB.goesC.enters0.appears

6.A.mouthB.shapeC.bottomD.cover

7.A.facingB.turningC.dividing0.shaking

8.A.thinkB.seemC.leamD.call

9.A.fromB.forC.withD.of

lO.A.namedB.broughtC.caughtD.dressed

11.A.lovelyB.impossibleC.awful0.wonderful

12.A.BetweenB.OppositeC.Among□.Across

13.A.movingonB.rushingintoC.wavingtoD.dancingto

14.A.thankstoB.accordingtoC.ratherthanD.suchas

15.A.swimB.visitC.drinkD.pass

n.12021•原创|阅读理解

Qomolangmaistheworld'shighestmountain.Youmayhavelearnedfromyourtextbooksthatitsheightis8,844

meters.Butnotallsidesareinagreementonthis.Differentresearchershavegivendifferentresults.Inaddition,the

heightofthemountaincanchangeovertime.

Thafswhya30-memberChinesesurveyteamsetouttoreachthepeakofQomolangmatore-measureitsheight

onMay6.Theytookthelatesttechnology,includingaglobalsatellitesystemreceiverandaradar（雷达）.

Itisnotaneasytask.Theaverageairtemperatureonthemountainis-29℃—fourdegreeslowerthanin

Antarctica—andpowerfulwindsblowallthetime.Insuchbadconditions,surveyingdrones（无人机）cannotworkat

thepeakofthemountain.That'swhyit'sstillnecessarytosendhumanexpertstothepeaktogetbelievableresults.

Butdoesadifferenceofafewmetersreallymatterwhenitcomestoahighmountain?

Infact,measuringtheheightofQomolangmaisaboutmorethanjustgettingoneexactnumber.Mount

QomolangmaisatthepointwheretheEurasianplate（板块）meetstheIndianplate.Itformed38millionyearsagoas

thetwoplateshiteachother.Changesinthepeak'sheightcanshowwhetherthetwoplatesareheadingtowardor

awayfromeachother.ThiscanhelpusunderstandthemovementofEarth'scrust（地壳）.

Thesurveyteamwillalsogetdirectinformationaboutenvironmentalconditionsatthetopofthemountain.This

willhelpusunderstandhowclimatechangehasaffectedtheTibet-QinghaiPlateau.

l.Wecanknowthatinthefirstparagraph.

A.theheightofQomolangmaincreaseseveryyear

B.thereisnoagreementontheheightofQomolangma

C.ifsnoteasytomeasuretheheightofQomolangma

D.researchersmeasuretheheightofQomolangmaeveryyear

2.Accordingtothepassage,it'struethat.

A.theaverageairtemperatureislowerthanthatinAntarctica

B.powerfulwindsblowallthetimeinAntarctica

C.there'snodifferencemeasuringtheheightbytheexpertsornot

D.fewpeoplecanstandtheconditionsonthemountain

3.Humanexpertstrytogettothetopofthemountaininorderto.

A.explorethebadconditions

B.fixthereceiverandtheradarcorrectly

C.makesurethedronesworkincontrol

D.getbelievableinformation

4.Theunderlinedword"It"inParagraph5refersto.

A.theEurasianplateB.theIndianplate

C.MountQomolangmaD.theEarth'scrust

5.WhatcanweunderstandbymeasuringtheheightofQomolangma?

①themovementofEarth'scrust

②howtheheightchanges

③howclimatechangehasaffectedtheTibet-QinghaiPlateau

④howwecanovercomethebadconditionsinlife

A.①②B.①③C.②③D.③④

【参考答案】

I.【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了黄河壶口瀑布的形成及其奇观。

1.B考查动词辨析。根据上文“FromitsheadwatersinQinghaiProvince”可知潢河起源于青海省,--路延伸向东,

最后入海。run意为“流淌，流动”。故选B。

2.A

3.C考查形容词辨析。根据“theriversharplynarrows”可判断，此处表示“从500米宽到只有30米宽”。故选C。

4.C

5.D考查动词辨析。根据上文“Thecalmwatersuddenlyfallsdowninto...runforwardwildly."及下文“Itseems

that