张掖市高台县2023年考研《英语一》高分冲刺试卷含解析

张掖市高台县2023年考研《英语一》高分冲刺试卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)OneafternooninJanuaryin1998,SusanSharp,43,andher8-year-oldsonDavid,werewalkingacrossanicysquare,1Susan'scane(手杖)slippedontheice.Herface2firstintothemud.David3hermother'sside,“Areyouallright,Mom”4,Susanpulledherselfup,“I'mokay,Honey,”shesaid.Susanwasfallingmore5sinceshehadtroublewalking.Everyinchoficewasa6dangerforher.“IwishIcoulddosomething,”theboythought.David,too,washaving7ofhisown.Theboyhadaspeechproblem,soatschoolhetalked8Oneday,David'steacherannounceda9homework."Eachofyouisgoingtocomeupwithan10,"shesaid.Thiswasfor"INVENTAMERICA",anationalcompetitiontoencouragecreativityinchildren.Anidea11Davidoneevening.Ifonlyhismother'scanedidn'tslipontheice.“WhatifI12yourcanetoanailcomingoutofthebottom”heaskedhismother.“13thesharpendwouldscratch(划破)floors,”Susansaid.“No,Mom,I14makeitlikeaball-pointpen.Youtakeyourhandoffthebuttonandthe15returnsbackup.”Hourslaterthecanewasfinished.Davidandhisfather16asSusanusedittowalk50feetaboutthe17HappilySusancriedout,“It18!”InJuly1999,Davidwas19nationalwinnerforthe"INVENTAMERICA".Davidbegantomakepublicappearance.Thushewasforcedtocommunicate20Today,Davidisnearlyfreeofhisspeechproblem,andhiscaneisbecomingwellaccepted.1、A．Where B．while C．when D．then2、A．fell B．touched C．lay D．dropped3、A．stoodby B．rushedto C．lookedat D．ranaround4、A．Firmly B．Easily C．Quickly D．Shakily5、A．slowly B．frequently C．freely D．heavily6、A．hiding B．certainly C．possible D．waiting7、A．method B．disease C．trouble D．hope8、A．few B．little C．much D．more9、A．useful B．strange C．common D．special10、A．appearance B．invention C．experience D．experiment11、A．reminded B．encouraged C．occurred D．hit12、A．fastened B．stuck C．fixed D．tied13、A．So B．And C．For D．But14、A．might B．would C．did D．need15、A．pen B．hand C．cane D．nail16、A．watched B．supported C．noticed D．helped17、A．street B．ice C．yard D．square18、A．works B．operates C．succeeds D．helps19、A．declared B．received C．won D．praised20、A．moreslowly B．morecarefully C．moreclearly D．fasterSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Foraslongastherehavebeengifts,wenaturallymakechoicesbasedontherecipient(接受者).Butwhatifwehavebeenwrongallalongandthatwecouldturnthingsaround,whichnotonlymadegiftbuyingeasier,buttherecipienthappier?In2015,psychologistsLaurenHumanandLaraAkninconductedanonlinesurvey,whichsuggestedthatwhenpeoplebuygifts,theyprefertochoosesomethingbasedontherecipient’spersonalityandtastes.Mostpeoplealsosaidthattheypreferredreceivinggiftsboughtwiththeminmind:giftsforthem.ButHumanandAkninwonderedifthisapproachtogivingfailedtotakeadvantageofthewayweconnectaspeople.Sotheysent78volunteersintoashoppingcentrebeforeMother’sDay.Halfweretoldtobuyacardthat“reveals(揭示)yourknowledgeoftherecipient”whiletheotherssetouttobuyacardthat“revealsyourtrueself”.Afterthepurchase,thegiverswhohadthoughtpartlyofthemselvesreportedfeelingemotionallyclosertotheirmothers.Tofindouthowthatapproachgoesdownwithrecipients,thepsychologistsdidanothertest,askingmorethan100studentstochooseasongoniTunestogivetoafriend,partnerorfamilymember.Eachhalfofthegroupreceivedthesameinstructionsasthecardbuyers.Resultsrevealedthatrecipientsofsongsthatrevealedsomethingofthegiversfeltclosertothemthanthosewhoreceivedgiftsboughtonlywiththeminmind.HumanandAkninsuggestitmightapplytoallgifts.“Ifbuildingstrongersocialconnectionsistheunderlying(潜在的)goal”ofagiftandsurelyitshouldbe—thenwe“maywellbeadvisedtooffermoreself-reflectivegifts”.Inshort,forapresenttobemeaningful,youneedtogiveawayabitofyourself,evenifthereisariskthatthegiftmightnotsocloselysuittherecipient’spracticalneedsortastesasoneacquiredpurelywiththatinmind.Moreover,givingsomethingofoneselfcanbeasaferact,thepsychologistsadded.Becauseitreducestheriskofrevealingpoorknowledgeofarecipientbyattemptingtobuysomethingthatfitstheircharacter—andfailing.Butanoteofcautionhere:whattheresearchdoesnotexamineisthepotentialriskinrepeated,unsympatheticgiver-centeredgiving,which,accordingtoHumanandAknin“couldsignalself-obsession”—andnobodywantstorevealthataboutthemselves.1、FromtheMother’sDaycardtest,wecanconcludethat________.A．giftschosenwiththegiverinmindworkwellonthegiverB．mostpeoplechoosegiftswiththerecipientinmindC．mostpeoplechoosegiftsbasedontheirpersonaltastesD．giftschosenwiththegiverinmindworkwellontherecipient2、Whatdotheunderlinedwords“them,them”refertoinorderofappearance?A．Therecipients;thegivers. B．Thegivers;therecipients.C．Thegivers;thegivers. D．Therecipients;therecipients.3、Whatdoestheauthorthinkisthesignificanceofgiftgiving?A．Makingthegiver’slifehappier.B．Showingone’sknowledgeoftherecipient.C．Establishingandstrengtheningsocialconnections.D．Meetingtherecipient’spracticalneeds.4、WhichofthefollowingisHumanandAknin’sadviceongiftgiving?A．Choosegiftsthatreflectmoreofyourself.B．Justfocusonyourowntasteswhenchoosinggifts.C．Buysomethingthatfitstherecipient’scharactermost.D．Becarefulnottosignalyourtruepersonality.5、Whichisthebesttitleofthispassage?A．Thetraditionofgiftgiving. B．Thepurposeofgiftgiving.C．Theeffectofgiftgiving. D．Thepsychologyofgiftgiving.Text2Sofar,thisyear’sglobalmusicmarkethasdefinitelybeendominated(支配)bywomen：BeyonceKnowles,TaylorSwirl,andIggyAzaleaareallmakingwaves.AndonehotnamethataddsmoreconvictiontothelistisUSsingerArianaGrande.Almostexactlyayearago,Grandereleasedherfirstalbum,YoursTruly.Andoverthepast12months,the21-year-oldformerNickelodeon(anAmericanTVchannelforkidsandadolescents)starhastransformedfromapopartistyoumightrecognizetoanoutstandingsuperstar.Shenowpossessesthreetop10singlesinthecurrentBillboardHot100chart,animpressiveopeningperformanceatthisyear’sMTVVideoMusicAwards,andmillionsoffollowersonsocialnetworkingsites.Hersecondalbum,MyEverything,whichwasreleasedonAug25,isthelatestsignofhercomingdominance.IthitNo.1ontheBillboard200albumchartthisweek,makinghertheonlyotherfemalesingerafterScotland’sSusanBoyletohavetwocontinuousNo.1albumsinasingleyear.Grande’sstrengthliesinherpowerfulvoiceandwidevoicedrange.UnlikehercompanionsSelenaGomezandDemiLovato,Grande’sstarpowerisrootedinthefactthatshecanreallysing.Moreimportantly,Grandeknowshowtocontrolhervoice,whichisatoncestrongandsensitive,anduseittoexpandhermusicalterritory.MyEverythingisthebestexample.Inthisalbum,Grandeliterallytriesherhandateverything：dancemusic,R&Bjams,hip-hoptunes,powerballadsandeven’60s-inflectedpop.Whileyoucanclearlysenseherambitionasasinger,youwillbeimpressedbyhoweffortlesslyshehandlesthesedifferentstylesofmusic,especiallyifyouhavelistenedtoYoursTruly,amorerefreshing’90sR&B—influencedproject.Ofcourse,onesuggestionforGrande’sfuturemusicwouldbeforhertodisplaymorepersonalityinsteadofsimplyshowinghervoicedtalent.Butnottoworry,basedonwhatwe’veheardthusfar,it'ssafetosayGrandeiswellonherwaytogrowingintoherown.1、WhichofthefollowingcontributestoGrande’sgreatsuccess?A．Theimpressiveopeningperformance.B．Herfollowersonsocialnetworkingsites.C．Theinfluenceof‘60spopand‘90sR&B．D．Herpowerfulvoiceandwidevoicedrange.2、WecanconcludefromthelastparagraphthatGrande_________.A．likestoshowoffhervoice B．isapromisingsuperstarC．lacksherownpersonality D．hasdifficultygoingfurther3、WhatcanwelearnaboutArianaGrande?A．Sheprefership-hoptunesinparticular.B．SheusedtobeapopstarinaTVchannel.C．Shehastwotop10singlesofBillboard’sHot100.D．SheistheonlysingertohavetwoNo.1albumsinayear.4、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．ARisingMusicGenius B．TheMusicMarketofWomenC．SusanBoyleandHerCompanions D．DifferentStylesofGrande’sMusicText3ItiswidelyknownthatanyEnglishconversationbeginswithTheWeather.SuchafixationwiththeweatherfindsexpressioninDr.Johnson’sfamouscommentthat“WhentwoEnglishmeet,theirfirsttalkisofweather.”ThoughJohnson’sobservationisasaccuratenowasitwasovertwohundredyearsago,mostcommentators(评论员)failtocomeupwithaconvincingexplanationforthisEnglishweather-speak.BillBryson,forexample,concludesthat,astheEnglishweatherisnotatallexciting,theobsessionwithitcanhardlybeunderstood.Hearguesthat”Toanoutsider,themoststrikingthingabouttheEnglishweatheristhatthereisnotverymuchofit.”Simply,thereasonisthattheunusualandunpredictableweatherisalmostunknownintheBritishIsles.JeremyPaxman,however,disagreeswithBryson,arguingthattheEnglishweatherisbynatureattractive.Brysoniswrong,hesays,“becausetheEnglishpreferencefortheweatherhasnothingtodowiththenaturalphenomena(现象).”Theinterestislessinthephenomenathemselves,butinuncertainty.”Accordingtohim,theweatherinEnglandisverychangeableanduncertainanditattractstheEnglishaswellastheoutsider.BrysonandPaxmanstandforcommonmisconceptionsabouttheweather-speakamongtheEnglish.Bothcommentators,somehow,aremissingthepoint.TheEnglishweatherconversationisnotreallyabouttheweatheratall.Englishweather-speakisasystemofsigns,whichisdevelopedtohelpthespeakersovercomethenaturalreserveandactuallytalktoeachother.Everyoneknowsconversationsstartingwithweather-speakarenotrequestsforweatherdata.Rather,theyareroutinegreetings,conversationstartersortheblank“fillers”,Inotherwords,Englishweather-speakisameansofsocialbonding.1、TheauthormentionsDr.Johnson’scommenttoshowthat________.A．mostcommentatorsagreewithDr.JohnsonB．Dr.JohnsonisfamousforhisweatherobservationC．thecommentwasaccuratetwohundredyearsagoD．Englishconversationsusuallystartwiththeweather2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“obsession”mostprobablyreferto?A．Asocialtrend. B．Anemotionalstate.C．Ahistoricalconcept. D．Anunknownphenomenon.3、Accordingtothepassage,JeremyPaxmanbelievesthat________.A．BillBrysonhaslittleknowledgeoftheweatherB．thereisnothingspecialabouttheEnglishweatherC．theEnglishweatherattractspeopletotheBritishIslesD．Englishpeopletalkabouttheweatherforitsuncertainty4、Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeofwritingthepassage?A．ToexplainwhatEnglishweather-speakisabout.B．ToanalyzemisconceptionsabouttheEnglishweather.C．TofindfaultwithbothBillBrysonandJeremyPaxman.D．ToconvincepeoplethattheEnglishweatherischangeable.Text4Ifyoucouldtravelbackintimefivecenturies,you’dencounterafreshlypainted“MonaLisa”inRenaissanceEuropeandcoolertemperaturesacrosstheNorthernHemisphere.ThiswasaworldinthemidstoftheLittleIceAgeandaperiodofvastEuropeanexplorationnowknownastheAgeofDiscovery.Butwhatifwecouldlook500yearsintothefutureandglimpsetheEarthofthe26thcentury?Wouldtheworldseemasdifferenttousasthe21stcenturywouldhaveseemedtoresidentsofthe16century?Forstarters,whatwilltheweatherbelike?Dependingonwhomyouask,the26thcenturywilleitherbealittlechillyorextremelyhot.Somesolaroutputmodelssuggestthatbythe2500s,Earth’sclimatewillhavecooledbackdowntonearLittleIceAgeconditions.Otherstudiespredictthatongoingclimatechangeandfossilfuelusewillleavemuchoftheplanettoohotforhumanlifeby200.SomeexpertsdatethebeginningofhumanclimatechangebacktotheIndustrialRevolutioninthe1800s,otherstoslash-and-burnagriculturalpracticesinprehistorictimes.Eitherway,tool-wieldinghumansaltertheirenvironment—andour26thcenturytoolsmightbequiteimpressiveindeed.TheoreticalphysicistandfuturistMichioKakupredictsthatinamere100years,humanitywillmaketheleapfromatypezerocivilizationtoatypeIcivilizationontheKardashevScale.Inotherwords,we’llbecomeaspeciesthatcanusetheentiresumofaplanet’senergy,masteringcleanenergytechnologiessuchasfusionandsolarpower.Furthermore,they’llbeabletohandleplanetaryenergyinordertocontrolglobalclimate.Technologyhasimprovedsignificantlysincethe1500s,andthispacewilllikelycontinueinthecenturiestocome.PhysicistStephenHawkingproposesthatbytheyear2600,thisgrowthwouldsee10newtheoreticalphysicspaperspublishedevery10seconds.IfMoore’sLawholdstrueandbothcomputerspeedandcomplexitydoubleevery18months,thensomeofthesestudiesmaybetheworkofhighlyintelligentmachines.Whatothertechnologieswillshapetheworldofthe26thcentury?FuturistandauthorAdrianBerrybelievestheaveragehumanlifespanwillreach140yearsandthatthedigitalstorageofhumanpersonalitieswillenableacomputerizedstateoflivingforever.Humanswillfarmtheoceans,travelinstarshipsandresideinbothlunarandMartiancolonieswhilerobotsexploretheoutercosmos.1、WhydoestheauthormentiontheLittleIceAgeinthefirstparagraph?A．Toshowtheseverityofthecurrentglobalwarming.B．Tostressthecloseconnectionwiththecurrentclimate.C．Toprovidecontrasttothepredictionoffutureclimate.D．Toillustratetheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment.2、ThepredictionthatEarthwillcooldownisbasedon________.A．changesinsolaractivity B．ongoingclimatechangeC．previousgeneralassumptions D．currentconsumptionoffossilfuel3、Whateffectwillthe26thcenturytechnologieshaveonhumanbeings?A．Humanswillsufferfromsevereglobalwarming.B．Cybertechnologyhelpshumanpersonalitiessurvive.C．Humansneedn’tworkwiththeapplicationofrobots.D．Highlyintelligentmachineswillreplacehumans.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)TherewasonceabeautifulgirlwhohatedherselfbecauseshewasblindShealsohatedeveryoneelse,exceptherlovingboyfriendwhowas1．(consider)andwasalwaystheretohelpherOnedayshetoldherboyfriend,“YouaresokindtomeandifIcouldonlyseetheworld,Ishouldmarryyou”Oneday,someonedonatedapairofeyestoherDoctorsspentseveralhours2．(operate)onhereyesandtheboyaccompaniedheratthebedsideallthetimeWhenthebandagescameoff,shewasabletoseeeverything,herboyfriend3．(include),ofcourse“4．youcanseetheworld,willyoumarryme？”heaskedherThegirllookedatherboyfriendandsawthathewasblind,tooThesightofhisuglyclosedeyelids5．(shock)herandmadeherfeelsickShehadnotexpectedthat,and6．thoughtoflookingatthemintherestofherlifeledhertorefusetomarryhimHerboyfriendleft7．tearsandafewdayslatersentanotetoher，8．said，“Pleasetakegoodcareofyoureyes,mydear,becausebeforetheyareyours,theywere9．！”(I)Afterreadingthewords,thegirlburstoutcrying,feelingsadfor10．shehaddonetotheboySilkwasnottheonlyproducttobetransportedalongtheSilkRoad,withfinelycarvedjade(翡翠)andmedicinalherbsalsobeing1．(export)fromChinaLikesilk,tradeinluxuryitemssuchastheseboomed,andmanymerchantsfoundinstantwealthRather2．travelingtheentirelengthoftheSilkRoad,eachmerchanttradedgoodsalongonesectionoftheroute,3．(buy)theminoneoasis(绿洲)townandsellingtheminanotherThetravelersandmerchantsalso4．(carry)manyideas,philosophiesandreligionswiththemalongtheSilkRoadOfallthese,Buddhism,whichcamefromIndia,hadthegreatestinfluence5．ChinesecultureIt6．(eventual)becameChina’sprimaryfaith,morewidespreadthantheoriginalChinesereligionsofConfucianismandTaoismSilkRoadtradestraveledtogetherinlongcaravans(旅行队)ofcamelsThismodeoftravelprovided7．(protect)fromrobberswhomightattempt8．(rob)thevaluablegoodsbeingtransportedTheSilkRoadwasnotonlyonesingleroad,but9．wholecollectionofroutesby10．goodsweretransportedbetweentheEastandtheWestSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Onedayaprofessorenteredtheclassroomandtoldthestudentsaboutasurprisedtest.Afterhearingthat,allstudentswereseatedandwaitedforthetesttobegin.1、Oncehewasdonewithhandingoutthepaperstoallthestudents,heaskedthemtoturnthetestpagesandbegin.Thestudentswereconfusedtoseethattherewasnotaquestionbutjustablackdotinthecenterofthepage.Theprofessornoticedthestudents’faceexpressionandtoldthem,“Iwantyoutowriteaboutwhatyouseethere.”2、Attheendoftheclass,theprofessortoolallanswersheetsandstartedreadingeachanswerfromeachsheetinfrontofallstudents.Allofthemdescribedabouttheblackdotandtriedtoexplainitspositionetc…3、Professorbegantoexplain,“Don’tworry.IamnotgoingtogiveyougradesforthisbutIjustwantyoutothinkaboutsomething.Hereeveryonefocusedontheblackdotandwroteaboutitbutnoonewroteaboutthewhitepaper.4、Thewhitepaperrepresentsourwholelifeandtheblackspotrepresentsproblemsinourlife.“OurlivesareagiftgiventousbyGod,withloveandcare,andwealwayshavereasonstocelebrate—ourfriendsaroundus,thejobsthatprovidesusourlivelihood,themiraclesweseeeveryday.”“5、butweneverseethattheseproblemsareverysmallcomparedwitheverythingwehaveinourlife.”A．Thesameiswithourlife.B．Instead,youshouldberesponsibleforwhatyoudid.C．Thestudentswerestillconfusedbutgotstartedwiththetest.D．Aftertheprofessorfinishedreading,thewholeclasswassilent.E.Luckily,researchshowsthereisalotyoucandotoavoidthosemoments.F.Stillwejustfocusondaytodayproblemslikehealthissues,lackifmoney,G.Then,theprofessorgavethetestpaperstoallstudentswithtextfacingdownatthedesk.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doyoueverwond