仁爱版八年级上册英语单元话题知识点详解

仁爱版八年级上册英语单元话题知识点详解Unit1PlayingSportsTopic1I’mgoingtoplaybasketball.SectionA1a1.Ioftensawyouplaybasketballduringthesummerholiday.1/see…do&see…doing前者意为“看见…做某事”,而未指定具体哪一次。后者意为“看见…正在做某事”,特指某一次。eg.Wesometimesseethemswimintherivernearhere.有时我们看见他们在附近的那条河里游泳。Mr.Chensawhissonswimmingaloneintheriverjustnow.刚才陈先生看见他儿子一个人在河里游泳。2/during介词，意为“在…期间”eg.Whatdidyoudoduringyourtrip?旅行期间你干嘛了？2.Youknow,wearegoingtohaveabasketballgameagainstClassThreeonSunday.against介词，意为“反对，对立”eg.Look!Heisstandingagainstthewall.看！他正靠墙站着。Weareagainstbuildinganewzoo.我们反对建一个新动物园。3.Wouldyouliketocomeandcheeruson?cheeron意为“鼓劲，加油”eg.Shewillbeinthe100-meterrace.Let’scheerheron,OK?她要参加百米赛跑了，让我们给她加油，好吗？1cMichaeldoesn’tlikeplayingbasketball,buthehastopracticeeveryday.practice意为“练习”，practicedoing意为“练习做…”eg.TomoftenpracticesspeakingChineseinpublic.汤姆经常当众练习讲汉语。1dBothofthemhopetheirteamwillwin.both意为“两者都…”,用作主语时谓语动词要采用复数格式。eg.Bothofhisparents

are

doctors.他的父母都是医生。2Whichsportdoyouprefer,swimmingorrowing?prefer意为“（二者相比）更喜欢”,prefer…to…是常见的搭配，意为“与…相比较更加喜欢…”eg.IpreferChineseteatocoffee.同咖啡相比我更加喜欢中式茶饮。Wepreferstayingathometodoingsomeshoppingonweekdays.周末相比购物我们更加喜欢待在家里。SectionB1a1.He’s2.26mterestall.HeplayedfortheHoustonRocketsintheNBA.1/He’s2.26mterestall.→Howtallishe?2/playfor效力于、为…效力2.Whatareyougoingtobewhenyougrowup?growup意为“成长、长大”1cbutsheisgoingtobe_____inthefuture.inthefuture意为“在将来、在未来”eg.Whatwillourearthbelikeinthefuture?将来我们的地球会什么样呢？SectionC1a1.Shespendshalfanhourexercisinginthegymeveryday.spend意为“花费”（时间或钱），常见句式为spend…on…和spend…（in）doing…eg.Youspenttoomuchmoneyonclothes.你在穿戴上花费了太多的钱。Weshouldspendmoretime(in)helpingtheold.我们应该多花些时间帮助老年人。2.Sheisalsogoodatjumping.begoodat=dowellin意为“出色、擅长”eg.Myfatherisgoodatcatchingfish.=Myfatherdoeswellincatchingfish.我爸爸擅长捕鱼。3.Thereisgoingtobeaschoolsportsmeetnextweekend.Therebe句型的一般将来时态往往采用Therewillbe…或Thereis/aregoingtobe…eg.Therewillbeawonderfulmovienextweek.下周将有一部精彩的电影。Therearegoingtobemanyvisitorshereinthefuture.这里将来会有很多参观者的。4.Sheisgoingtotakepartyinthehighjumpandthelongjump.takepartin与join都有“参加”之意，区别如下：1/HejoinedthePartythreeyearsago.他三年前入党。（组织、党派或社团）Wearegoingtoplanttreesthisafternoon.Willyoujoinus?我们下午要去植树，你想跟我们一道去吗？（意为“同…一起”）而joinin往往指参加某项活动eg.Wejoinedinthebasketballgame,butwelostit.我们参加了篮球赛，但是输掉了。2/TomisgoingtohaveabirthdaypartyathishomethisSunday?Willyoutakepartinit?汤姆这周日要在家开生日聚会，你要参加吗？（活动）5.Theyaresurethattheywillwin.besurethat+句子，意为“确定，肯定”eg.I’mquitesurethathecangettoschoolontime.我十分确定他会准时到校。1dIsitgoodforyourhealth?begoodfor对…有好处、有益eg.Fruitsandvegetablesaregoodforus.水果和蔬菜对我们有益。2a1/Becauseitmakeshimstrongandit’spopularallovertheworld.allovertheworld全世界eg.Wehavefriendsallovertheworld.我们的朋友遍天下。2/keepfit与keephealthy都指保持健康，但keepfit强调通过运动锻炼而获得健康。SectionD1aTheyareleavingforJapanthedayaftertomorrow…此句使用现在进行时态表达将来。leavefor意为“动身去某地”。eg.Weleftfornextvillageafterashortrest.休息一小会儿后，我们动身前往下一个村落。1b.It’sapitythattheyaregoingto…It’sapitythat+句子,意为“很遗憾…”eg.It’sapitythatyoumissedthebeginningofthemovie.很遗憾你错过了电影的开头。Topic2Weshouldlearnteamwork.SectionA1a1.Butoneofmyteammatesfellill.fallill=beill生病，病倒2.Wouldyoumindteachingme?mind（动）介意、在乎；（名）思想、想法。用作动词时后面常常接名词、代词、doing或句子来做宾语。eg.Doyoumindonions?你介意洋葱吗？Wouldyoumindwakingmeupearly?你介意早点叫醒我吗？Doyoumindnotthrowingbottlesaround?你介意不要乱丢瓶子吗？Shedoesn’tmindwhenthemeetingwillbeover.她并不介意会议何时结束。3.Keeptrying.keepdoing坚持做…、不断做…1c.give…ahand帮助…eg.Themathproblemistoodifficult.Couldyoupleasegivemeahand?SectionB1a1.Don’tshoutatmelikethat.shoutat朝…喊叫eg.Youshouldn’tshoutatyourparents.你不该朝你父母喊叫。2.Michaeldoesn’tdowellinsoccerbuthedidhisbest.doonebest=tryone’sbest尽某人最大努力eg.Wedidn’twinthegame,thoughwedidourbest.我们输掉了比赛，尽管我们尽了最大的努力。3.…don’tbeangrywitheachother,beangrywith生某人的气4.IamsorryforwhatIsaid.besorryfor为…而遗憾、感到抱歉eg.Wewereverysorryfortheresult.我们为这结果而抱歉。5.Youaresuretohavemoresun.1/besuretodo一定会…、肯定会…eg.Youaresuretopassthetest.你们一定会通过考试的。2/besureof/about确信或对某事有把握eg.I’mquitesureabouttheanswer.对于这个答案我很有把握。SectionC1a1.invent(动)发明、创造；inventor(名)发明家；invention(名)发明、创造2.BasketballisoneofthemostpopularsportsintheUnited…popular流行的、受欢迎的，themostpopular是popular的最高级形式，意为“最流行的、最受欢迎的”，注意：最高级形式前要使用定冠词the。3.Atfirst,itwasanindoorgamesothatstudentscouldplayinbadweather.1/atfirst意为“起初、一开始的时候”eg.Atfirst,IcouldspeakonlyalittleEnglish.起初我只会讲一点儿英语。2/sothat意为“目的是…、为了…”，用于引导目的状语从句，后句中常常使用may或can。eg.Wegotupearlyinthemorningsothatwecouldseethesunrise.早上我们起床很早，为的是能看到日出。4.In1946theNationalBasketballAssociation(NBA)cameintoeintobeing形成、产生5.…andstoptheotherteamfromdoingso.stop…fromdoing意为“阻止…做某事”eg.Thebadweatherstoppedusfromplayingbasketball.6.Butyoumustfollowtherules.followtherules=obeytherules遵守规则（章）7.Butitismoreimportantforyouandotherplayerstoplayasateam.moreimportant是important的比较级形式，意为“更重要的”2Alargenumberofpeopleenjoyedbasketball.anumberof许多、大量的，用于可数名词复数格式前eg.Therealwaysareanumberofpeopledancinginthecenterofthesquare.SectionD1a…andtheyturnedmostoftheirmainplayersintofamouspersons.turn…into…变…成eg.Youhavetostopandhavearest,iryoumayturnintoamachine.你得停下来歇一歇了，不然会变成一台机器的。Topic3Theschoolsportsmeetiscoming.SectionA1a1.I’llbeinthelongjumpandthehighjump.bein=joinin/takepartin参加（活动）2.Ibelieveyouwillwin.我相信你会获胜的。believe,think等词后接句子时，常见后句否定前移的情况。eg.Ithinkyouareright.→Idon’tthinkyouareright.我认为你不对Theybelievetheycanfly.→Idon’tbelievetheycanfly.我相信他们不会飞。2aIt’smyfirsttimetotakepartinthehighjump.It’sone’sfirsttimetodo…某人初次做某事eg.It’sherfirsttimetoswimalone.这是她初次一个人游泳。SectionB1a1.Hello,isMichaelin?bein在家2.Let’smakeithalfpastsix.让我们将时间定在6:30.此句为约定时间的用语。SectionC1a1.Therearefiverings,andtheystandforthefivepartsoftheworld.standfor代表、象征2.Youcanfindatleastoneofthesecolorsintheflagofeachcountryintheworld.atleast至少eg.Youshoulddrinkattwoglassesofwatereveryafternoon.3.Theyarebothheldeveryfouryears.他们（冬夏季奥运会）每四年（被）举办一次。areheld构成被动语态，即be+动词过去分词eg.Theclassroomiscleanedeveryday.教室每天被打扫。4.Nowadays,theOlympicGamesareheldbydifferentcitiesinturn.inturn轮流、按次序eg.TheywenttotheOldPeople’sHomeinturn.他们轮流去了敬老院。5.TheOlympicGamesarebecomingmoreandmorepopular.moreandmorepopular越来越流行、受欢迎eg.moreandmoreimportant越来越重要moreandmorebeautiful越来越漂亮5.Inthefuture,morecitieswillhavethechancetoholdthe…have…chancetodo有机会做某事eg.IhopeIcanhaveachancetovisitShanghaiDisneyland.SectionD1.…Michaelranveryfastandourclasswonfirstplacewinfirstplace赢得第一(考试或比赛获得名次时序数词前不适用不使用the)2.IwilldomoreexerciseeverydayandIhopesomedayI’llbeabletotakepartintheOlympicGames.1/doexercise锻炼、做运动2/beableto与canbeableto意为“有能力、能够”，相比can预期更强烈，可用于各种时态。eg,WereyouabletowritepoemsinEnglish?你能用英语写诗吗？can表示”能、可能”,只有can和could两种形式eg.CanyouspeakRussian?你会讲俄语吗？Itcouldn’tbeJim.HemovedtoChicagolastmonth.那不可能是吉姆，他上月搬到芝加哥去了。Unit2KeepinghealthyTopic1YoushouldseeadentistSectionA1a1.Youdon’tlookwell.well（形）（身体状况）好的lookwell系表结构2.Ihaveatoothache.类似表达方式还有：haveacoldhaveafeverhaveacoughhaveaheadachehaveabackachehaveastomachache3.I’msorrytohearthat.besorrytodo为做某事而遗憾、抱歉eg.Weweresorrytokeepyouwaitingforalongtime.很抱歉让你久等了。4.Ihopeyou’llgetwellsoon.系表结构getwell，意为“好起来、康复”21.stayinbedandhaveagoodsleep.stayinbed卧床haveagoodsleep好好睡一觉SectionB1a1.Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?你这样多久了？eg.havebeen现在完成时态2.You’dbettertakesomemedicine.takemedicine意为“服药、吃药”eg.Youshouldtakethemedicinethreetimesaday.1cBrucehasbeenillfortwoday.hasbeen现在完成时态21.Icoughdayandnight.dayandnight日日夜夜alldayandallnight正式日整夜2.Idon’tfeellikeeating.feellikedoing想做某事Idon’tfeellikeeatingoutalone我不想一个人到外面吃饭。3Liedownandrestliedown躺下SectionC1a1.GuesswhathappenedtoMichael.happento发生eg.Aterribletrafficaccidenthappenedtohimlastweek.上周他出了一起可怕的交通事故。Anearthquakehappenedtothiscitythreeyearsago.三年前这座城市发生了地震。2.MariaflewherkitewhileMichaelplayedonhisskateboard.while与此同时、当…时eg.IamwatchingTVwhilemysisterislisteningtomusic.当我妹妹听音乐时我在看电视。1dTakecarefyourself.takecareof=lookafter照顾、照料31.SoI’dliketoaskforoneweek’sleave.askforaleave请假eg.I'mafraidIhavetoaskforaleavetodayasmydaughterissick.恐怕今天我得请假了,我女儿生病了。2.IhopeIcangetwellandreturntoschoolsoon.returnto返回SectionD11.ButI’mworriedaboutmylessons.beworriedabout=worryabout担心…worried（形）担心的；worry（动）担心2.Wecanhelpyouwithyourstudy.help…with…在某方面帮助…eg.SheoftenhelpsuswithourChinese.她常常在汉语方面帮助我们。3.Followthedoctor’sadvice.follow/takeadvice采纳、听从建议(劝告)Youcanpassthetestifyoutakeouradvice.如果你听从我们的建议就能通过考试。Topic2YoushouldseeadentistSectionA1aStayinguplateisbadforyourhealth.熬夜太晚对你的健康有害。本句用现在分词做主语eg.Playinginthestreetisverydangerous.在街道上玩耍很危险。2domorningexercises做早操SectionB1aImustaskhimtogiveupsmoking.giveup放弃eg.Shouldwegiveupplayingcomputergames?我们应该放弃玩儿电脑游戏吗？2aGoingtoschoolwithoutbreakfastisbadforyourhealth.without（介）不、没有eg.Icanrideabikewithoutfeet.我不用脚能骑自行车。Shecanswimacrosstheriverwithoutanyhelp.她不用帮忙能游过这条河。2bHuFeistudieslateinthenight.inthenight=atnight在夜里SectionC1a1.tomato→tomatoes2.Mothersalwaystelltheirchildrenwhattheyshouldeat.whattheyshouldeat用作tell的宾语，整句构成了主从关系的宾语从句。3.Becarefulnottoeattoomuchsaltorsugar.becarefultodo做某事当心、小心eg.Youshouldbecarefultobehaveatadinnertableinthewest.在西方餐桌上你举止应该小心。4.Milkisahealthydrink…alwaysforcedhertodrinkit.forcesb.todo强迫某人做某事eg.Youshouldn’tforceustowearschooluniformstoschooleveryday.你不应该强迫我们每天穿校服去学校。5.Once,cabbage….AssoonasMichaelsawit,hegotmad.assoonas一…就…eg.IwillgivehimtheletterassoonasImeetTomatthemeeting.会议上我一见到Michael就给他这封信。6.Buthismothermadehimtasteit.make…do让…做…（这里make属于使役动词）eg.Shealwaysmakesherbrothercry,butthistimeherbrothermadehercry.她总是把他的弟弟弄哭，可这次她弟弟把她弄哭了。7.Hewassurprisedtofindthatitwasdelicious.surprised(惊讶的、惊奇的)，besurprisedtodo因做某事而感到惊讶（奇）eg.Wewereverysurprisedtohearthenews.听到这消息我们很惊讶。Hewassurprisedtoseethecolorfulfishesunderthesea.在海水下面看见这些五彩缤纷的鱼他惊讶不已。1cBychanceMichaelfoundthatcabbagewasgood.bychance偶然间、意外地SectionD21.Infact,smokingisreallyunhealthy.infact事实上，实际（插入语用法）eg.Youdidn’tpassthetest,Infact,youspenttoomuchtimeplayingcomputergames.你没通过考试，事实上，你玩儿电脑游戏化了太多的时间。2.Thesmokefromcigarettesharmsnotonlysmokersbutotherpeople.not…but…=notonly…nutalso…不但…而且…eg.NotonlyyoubutalsoyoursisterlikesChinesesilk.不但是你还有你妹妹都喜欢中国的丝绸。（动词就近）WevisitednotonlytheGreatWallbutalsotheSummerPalace.我们不光参观了长城，而且也游览了颐和园3.Theymustgiveupsmokingassonaspossible.as…aspossible尽可能…eg.Youshouldgetupasearlyaspossible.你应该尽可能早起。Weshoulddoourhomeworkascarefullyaspossible.我们应该尽可能认真地做作业。Topic3Mustweexercisetopreventtheflu?SectionA1a1.Sure,goahead.当然，请吧。2.…weshouldexerciseoftentobuildusup.buildup增强体质、强身健体3.Finally,weshouldkeepawayfromcrowdedplaces.keepawayfrom远离…eg.Teenagersshouldkeepawayfromdrugs.青少年应远离毒品。4.Mustwegotoseeadoctoratoncewhenwehavetheflu?注意：用must构成一般疑问句提问时，肯定回答要使用must，而否定回答应使用needn’t或don’thaveto。eg.A:Mustwecleanourclassroomeveryday?B:Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t/No,youdon’thaveto.SectionB1a1.OK.I’llringhimuplater.ringsb.up给…打电话=callsb.up2...canIleaveamessage?leaveamessage留言、留口信、留字条givesb.amessage给某人少口信takeamessage传口信1cKangkang’sfatherwillgiveatalkat3:00p.m.today.giveatalk作报告SectionC1a1.It’snecessaryforyoutolearnaboutfirstaid.It’s+adj.(+for)+sb.todoeg.It’simportantforustolearnEnglishatschool.对于我们来讲在学校学习英语很重要。2.Ontheotherhand,youmay…完整句式为Ontheonehand…ontheotherhand…意为“一方面…另一方面…”eg.Ontheonehandyoushouldgiveupsmoking,ontheotherhandit’salsonecessaryforyoutoplaysportseveryday.一方面你该戒烟，另一方面对你来讲每天运动也很有必要。3.Youshouldsaynotosmokinganddrinking.saynoto对…说不、拒绝eg.Tomcan’tsaynotoChocolates.汤姆拒绝不了巧克力。2Inordertokeephealthy…inorderto…为了、以便于、目的是（否定格式为inordernotto），意思相当于sothat，注意二者区别Theygotupearlysothattheycouldcatchthefirstus.（目的状语从句）Theygetupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.=Inordertocatchthefirstbus,theygotupearly.（简单句）为了能赶上第一班车，他们早早起了床。SectionD1a1.Themoreexercise,thebetter.The比较级…the比较级…是比较级的一种用法，译作“越…就越…”eg.Themorehegets,themorehewants.他得到的越多，想要的就越多。Thehigherthegroundis,thethinnertheairwillbe.地面越高，空气就越稀薄。2.It’simportanttowarmupbeforeyouexercise.warmup预热、热身3.…thenyourexercisewillbefuninsteadofwork.insteadof代替、而不是eg.Thenewnursewilltakecareofthepatientinsteadofmytoday.新来的护士今天替我照顾病人。I’lltaketheyellowdressinsteadoftheblueone.我要买那件黄色的裙子而不是那件蓝色的。Unit3OurHobbiesTopic1What’syourhobby?SectionA1aWhatdoyouoftendoinyourfreetime?inone’sfreetime在某人业余时间、在某人闲暇的时间21.I’minterestedin_____.beinterestedin对…感兴趣eg.AreyouinterestedintheGreatWall?你对长城感兴趣吗？2.Iamfondof_____.befondof喜爱、喜欢eg.Tomisveryfondofdiving.汤姆很喜欢潜水。SectionB1aIusedtocollectbaseballcards.usedtodo过去总做某事、从前一直做某事；否定didn’tusetodo，疑问did…usetodo，也可以分别使用usednottodo和used…todo的方式。eg.Sheusedtobeahistoryteacher.她从前一直是一位历史老师。Weusedtowalkalongtheriveraftersupper.我们过去晚饭后总是沿河散步。Didyouusetowalktoschool?=Usedyoutowalktowalk?以前你总是步行去学校吗？Brucedidn’tusetogetupearly.=Bruceusednottogetupearly.布鲁斯以前并不总是很早起床。SectionC1a1.Itwaspopularformorethan500years.morethan=over多余、超出2.Itiseasytogetstarted.getstarted开始，上手eg.OK,everythingisready.Let’sgetstarted.好了，一切就绪，咱们开始吧。3.Youneedthescissorstocutoutthepicturesorstories.cutout剪掉4.Youneedthegluetostickthemtothebackgroundpaper.stickto粘贴到、与…粘贴到一起SectionD11.Allpetsprovidetheirownerswithloveandcomfortintheirvide…with…=provide…for…向…提供…eg.Theyprovideduswithmilkandbeefatthattime.=Theyprovidedmilkandbeefforusatthattime.那个时候他们提供给我们牛奶和牛肉。2.HelikeswaterandIoftenhelphimtakeabath.takeabath洗澡Topic2Whatsweetmusic！SectionA1a1.I’mgoingtoaconcert.gotoaconcert去（听）演唱会2.Whoisgoingtosingattheconcert?ataconcert在演唱会上3.Whereisshegoingtogivetheconcert?giveaconcert举办演唱会4.Whatapity!太遗憾了！多可惜啊！5.IcanlendyousomeCDsof…borrow&lend二者均有“借”的意思，针对主语来讲borrow意为“借来”，lend意为“借出”；“borrow…from”和“lend…to”属于常见搭配用法。eg.Youcanborrowthismagazinefromourschoollibrary,butyoucan’tlendittoothers.你能从我们学校图书馆借到这本杂志，但是你不能借给别人。SectionB21.Theyareverypopularwithyoungpeople.bepopularwith受…的欢迎（喜爱）eg.Thegameisverypopularwiththechildren.这游戏很受孩子们的喜爱。2.Itisapartoftheworkingpeople’ssong.theworkingpeople劳动人民3.…andTengriarefamousfortheirfolksongs.befamousfor以…而闻名eg.ChinaisfamousfortheGreatWallintheworld.中国以长城闻名于世。SectionC1a1.SoonWolfgangplayedaswellashisbigsister,…as+形容词（副词）+as像…一样…eg.Heisasheavyashisbrother.他和他哥哥一样重。YoudoyourhomeworkascarefullyasAndy.你做作业同安迪一样认真。2.Helearnedsoquicklythathisfatherwasveryhappy.so…that…如此…以至于…(用于结果状语从句中)eg.Theboxissoheavythatnobodycanliftit.这箱子太重了，以至于没有人能搬起来。Heransofastthatwecouldn’tcatchupwithhim.他怕的太快了，我们都追不上他。S