2023年中考英语语法专项疑问句（一般疑问句特殊疑问句反义疑问句）讲义

Grammarlesson1疑问句疑问句的分类疑问句有四种形式：一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，反义疑问句、选择疑问句一般疑问句一、定义：凡是以情态动词(can，could，must，will，shall，may，might等)、助动词(do，does，did，have，has，had等)以及系动词be(am，is，are，was，were)开头的疑问句都叫一般疑问句一般疑问句需以yes或no回答Did

yougotoschoolyesterday?你昨天上学了吗？Will

theygotoLondonforaholiday？他们将去伦敦度假吗？一般疑问句的结构及回答含be动词的一般疑问句句型结构：问句答句be+主语+其他肯定回答：Yes,主语+be.否定回答：No,主语+benot.Areyouastudent?Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.IsLilyreadingabook?Yes,sheis./No,sheisn’t.Isyourbrothertallerthanyou?Yes,sheis./No,sheisn’t.句型结构：问句答句情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他肯定回答：Yes,主语+情态动词.否定回答：No,主语+情态动词+not.Cansheclimbupthemountain?Yes,shecan./No,shecan’t.ShouldIcleanmyroom?Yes,youshould./No,youshouldn’t.句型结构：问句答句助动词+主语+动词原形+其他肯定回答：Yes,主语+do/does/did.否定回答：No,主语+do/does/didnot.DotheyhaveEnglishclasstoday?Yes,theydo./No,theydon’t.Doesmysistergetup?Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn’t.拓展：在正式表达中，一般疑问句的回答用Yes或No。在一些非正式的场合还有其他回答：肯定回答可以用：Sure./OK./Certainly./Probably./Ofcourse./Allright./Withpleasure.否定回答可以用：Sorry./Sorry,Ican’t./Never.例如：Doyouwanttogofishingwithme?Sure.Couldyoudomeafavor?Certainly.HavetheyeverbeentoNewYork?Never.在一般疑问句的句首，be动词，助动词或情态动词后面加not，表示惊讶Don’tyouknowhim?你难道不认识他吗？No,Idon’t.是的，我不认识。Yes,Ido.不，我认识。【专项练习】一、填空1）Is

sheateacher?Yes,

she____.

No,she_____.

2）_____thegirls

often

swim

?Yes,____do.

No,_____don't.

3）____yourdadlikelisteningtomusic?Yes,____does.

No,____doesn't.

4）_____youwashhiscaryesterday?Yes,

____did

.

No,____didn't.

5）Can

yourunfast?

Yes,

I______.

No,I______.

6）_____sheateacher?

Yes,she_____.

No,she_____.

7）______youplayingballnow?Yes,I______.

No,I

______.

8）______apigjump?Yes,it

can.

No,it_____.

9）______fivebirdsflyinginthesky?Yes,they_____.No,____aren't.

10）_____yourfatherreadinginthelivingroom?Yes,____is.No,he_____二、改写句子将下列句子改成一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答。Hereadthebooklastweek.TommustspeakEnglishinclass.Iboughtanotherhamburgerjustnow.Kidswillebacktoschooltomorrow.Iwouldliketohavesomecoffeewithyou.Itwillberainytomorrow.Leolaydownonhisbedaftersupper.I’mgoingtotakeaguitarlesson.AlicehasalreadybeentoOceanPark.Myparentshaveboughtanewcarforme.特殊疑问句定义：特殊疑问句是以特殊疑问词开头，对句中某一成分进行提问的句子。它与一般疑问句的区别在于：特殊疑问句不可用yes或no来回答，要根据问句的内容如实回答。特殊疑问句的结构及回答第一大类：对句子的主语和定语进行提问只需把主语换成特殊疑问词，语序和陈述句语序一样：WhatmakesTomsoworried?（对主语进行提问）Whosebookisthis?（对定语进行提问）第二大类：对句子的其他成分进行提问含be动词的特殊疑问句句型结构：问句答句特殊疑问词+一般疑问句问什么答什么Whatareyoudoing?Iamdoingmyhomework.Whenisyourbirthday?MybirthdayisonApril,5th.含情态动词的特殊疑问句句型结构：问句答句特殊疑问词+一般疑问句问什么答什么Whatcanyoudoinsummerholiday?Icanplayfootballwithmyfriends.WhereshouldIgoforfunthisweekend?Youshouldgotoyourfavouritebeach.含实义动词的特殊疑问句句型结构：问句答句特殊疑问词+一般疑问句问什么答什么Whatdoyouwanttoeattoday?Iwanttoeatsomefish.Whendidtheygotosleeplastnight?Theywenttosleepat7o’clock.否定式的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+否定疑问句表达劝告，建议或责备Whydon’tyouaskyourteacherforhelp?Whynotaskyourteacherforhelp?常见的特殊疑问词特殊疑问词的结构：wh开头外加能与之结伴同行的名词：what，where，which，whatclass，whattime，whatnumber;how及它的形容词兄弟姐妹们，即如how，howmany，howold，howmuch等。疑问代词例句what什么Whatisyourtelephonenumber?who谁Whoisyourbestfriend?whose谁的Whosepenisthis?which哪一个Whichdoyoulikebest，A,BorC？疑问副词例句where哪里Whereisyourmothergoing?when何时Whendoyougotobed?why为什么Whyareyourlateforschool?how怎么样/问方式Howistheweathertoday?HowcanIcatchthatfish？疑问词组例句whattime问时间Whattimeisitnow?whatday问星期Whatdayisittoday?whatdate问日期Whatdatewasityesterday?whatcolour问颜色Whatcolouristhatballoon?howmany问数量howmuch问数量/问价格Howmanypearsarethereonthetree?Howmuchmoneydoyouhave?howold问年龄Howoldisyoursister?howlong问长度/问时间段Howlongistheriver?Howlongdidhestayhere?howfar问路程，距离Howfarisitfromyourhousetoschool?howsoon问还有多久才...Howsoonwillyoueback?howoften问频率HowoftendoesTomgoswimming?whatabout问......怎么样Whataboutgoingfishingtogether?howabout问......怎么样Howaboutthisone?1.疑问代词who谁（作主语和表语），whose谁的（作定语和表语），which哪些(个)（作主语、宾语、定语和表语），what什么（作主语、定语和表语）。2.疑问副词（作状语）when何时，where何地，why为什么，how如何，howmuch多少(不可数)，howmany多少(可数），howlong多久，howold多大年纪，howfar多远。【专项练习】一、选出合适的疑问词1.DoyouknowAnngoestoworkeveryday?Usuallybyunderground.2.—doesittakeyoutogettoschoolbybike?Aboutfifteenminutes.A.HowmanyB.HowoftenC.HowlongD.Howfar3.Excuseme，isthisTshirt?It's88yuan.A.howmuchB.howmanyC.howlongD.howold4.willyouaskforhelpwhenyouareintrouble?Myparents,Ithink.Who5.—doyoulikepandas?—Becausetheyareverycute.A.What6.—isitfromyourhometothepark?It'sabouttenminutes'walk.A.HowoftenB.HowfarC.HowlongD.Howsoon7.Hey，Jane.areyoufeelingnow?Muchbetter.Thanks.A.WhatB.WhereC.How8.—_____doesyourfathergotothefitnesscenter?—Heexercisestheretwiceaweek.A.Howsoon

B.Howoften

C.Howlong9.—_________willtheinvitationsbesenttoourguests?—Inthreedays.A.Howoften

B.HowsoonC.Howlong

D.Howfar10.isthebestseasonoftheyear?A.WhenB.WhatC.WhichD.Whattime11.isyoursister?Sheisanurse.A.WhatB.Which C.How D.Who12.isyourclassmateJohnlike?He'sverytall.A.How B.What C.Who D.Which13.happenedanddidit?A.Who;whoB.What;whoC.What;whatD.Who;what14.isthatmanoverthere?He'sMr.Green.A.What B.Which C.How D.Who15.istheboystandingthere?Heismybrother.A.Which B.What C.How D.Who16.onedoyoulike,theblueoneortheredone?A.What B.Which C.That D.This17.isbigger?Theyellowone.A.who B.whom C.which D.It二、对下列划线部分提问1.IwillstaywithafriendlyEuropeanfamilyfortwoweeks.(对划线部分提问)______________willyoustaywithafriendlyEuropeanfamily?2.Tinahasdinnerinarestaurantwithherfamilyonceamonth.（对划线部分提问）______________doesTinahavedinnerinarestaurantwithherfamily?3.Myparentsgotravellingabroadtwiceayear.(对划线部分提问)______________doyourparentsgotravellingabroad?4.It’sabout3050kilometresfromShanghaitoBangkok.(对划线部分提问)______________isitfromShanghaitoBangkok?5.Mumgoesshoppinginthesupermarketnearbyfourtimesaweek.(对划线部分提问)______________doesMumgoshoppinginthesupermarketnearby?6.Theygotothesupermarkettobuysomefoodanddrinksforthepicnic.(对划线部分提问)________________theygotothesupermarket?7.Anngotmoneytopayforthebikebydeliveringnewspaperseveryday.(对划线部分提问)______________Anngetmoneytopayforthebike?8.Thisnewphonecosthimtwothousandyuan.(对划线部分提问)________________didthisnewphonecosthim?9.Wevisitourgrandparentsonceamonth.（对划线部分提问）______________doyouvisityourgrandparents?10.It'stwentyminutes'walkfromBrown'shometothenewcinema.(对划线部分提问)______________isitfromBrown'shometothenewcinema?11.Theyarecleaningtheirclassroomnow.______________theycleaningnow?12.Heoftenhassupperathome.______________heoften_______supper?13.Igotupatsixthismorning._____________________you_______upthismorning?14.He’sfeelingwell.______________hefeeling?15.Theboyonthebikeismyfriend.______________isyourfriend?16.HewilletoChinainamonth._____________________he_______toChina?17.ShewatchesTVeverynight._____________________she_______TV?18.It’sabouttenkilometersawayfromhere._____________________itfromhere?19.Tomwillgooutforawalkinfiveminutes.______________youoftengooutforawalk?Wespenttwohourswatchingthatmovielastnight.___________________________________________反义疑问句定义：反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句，它表示提问人的看法，没有把握，需要对方证实。

It’s

cold

today,

isn’t

it?

今天很冷，是吗？Youaren’tlatetoday,areyou?你今天没迟到，是吗？反义疑问句的基本结构主要有两部分组成：陈述部分+疑问部分。两部分的人称时态应保持一致。陈述部分和疑问部分要么前肯后否，要么前否后肯。主要有两种类型：陈述部分（肯定）+疑问部分（否定）

YoudrovetoShanghaiyesterday,didn’tyou?陈述部分（否定）+疑问部分（肯定）

Danieldoesn’tlikewatchingthisfilm,doeshe?反义疑问句的主语情况（重点）疑问部分主语和陈述部分主语保持一致，且必须是代词。AlicelikesEnglish,doesn’tshe?陈述部分，therebe句型，疑问部分主语用thereThereisacuponthetable,isn’tthere?陈述部分主语为指示代词，疑问部分主语用it/theyThisisabook,isn’tit?Theseareyourfriends,aren’tthey?陈述部分主语为复合不定代词（人）疑问部分主语用he/theyeverybodyeveryonenobodynoonesomebodysomeoneanybodyanyoneNobodyistoblameforit,ishe?Everyoneishavingagoodtime,aren’tthey?Nobodylikestobelaughed,______________?Anyoneshouldobeytherule,_____________?陈述部分主语为复合不定代词（物）疑问部分主语用itsomethinganythingnothingeverythingEverythingisready,isn’tit?Nothinghappenedtohim,___________?Somethingwaswrongwithmyputer,_________?反义疑问句动词的选择（重点）陈述部分有be动词，情态动词，实义动词原则：有be用be，有助用助，有情用情，实义动词请求助Iamateacher,aren’tI?Shecandance,can’tshe?ShelikesEnglish,doesn’tshe?陈述部分有表示否定意义的词：seldom,hardly,rarely,barely,never,few,little,nothing,nobody疑问部分用肯定（易错）Fewpeopleknowhim,dothey?Sheseldomgoestocinema,doesshe?Hecanhardlyplaybasketball,canhe?陈述部分是有表示“否定”意义的前缀构成的词，（un,im,in,dis）但谓语是肯定形式，疑问部分用否定Tomdislikesplayingtennis,doesn’the?It’simpossibleforhimtomakesuchamistake,isn’tit?陈述句谓语动词为haveto，hasto，hadto时，问句用don’t，doesn’t，didn’tTheyhavetogetupearly,don’tthey?ShehastostudyEnglish,doesn’tshe?Hehadtogohomenow,didn’the?陈述句谓语动词为usedto时，问句用usedn’t或didn’tSheusedtolivehere,usedn’tshe/didn’tshe?Thereusedtobeatheater,usedn’tthere/didn’tthere?含有情态动词must时，有以下几种情况：must表示“有必要，必须”时，用needn’tYoumustgohomeatonce,needn’tyou?

mustn’t表示“禁止”时，用must或may。Youmustn’tspeakloudlyhere,mustyou/mayyou?

must表示对现在的推测，根据must后的动词结构采用相应的动词形式。Shemustbetired,isn’tshe?

must表示对过去的推测时，如果强调对过去情况的推测（一般有过去时间状语），问句用didn’t；如果强调动作的完成（一般没有过去时间状语），用haven’t或hasn’t。Shemustmethimlastnight,didn’tshe?Youmusthavereadthenovel,haven’tyou?陈述句为祈使句时，有以下几种情况需要注意：祈使句为肯定式时，问句用肯定式或否定式均可，肯定式在语气上更委婉客气。Passmethesalt,willyou/won’tyou?Stoptalkinginthelibrary,willyou/won’tyou?祈使句为否定时，问句只能用肯定式，肯定式在语气上更委婉客气。Don’tmakeanoise,willyou?Don’tbelazy,willyou?以let’s开头的祈使句（表示“建议”，包括说话者和听话者），问句用shallwe;letus开头的祈使句（表示“请求”，不包括听话者），问句用willyou。Let’sgotoschool,shallwe?Letusgotoschool,willyou?（口语中也可以用allright/OK。Let’sgoswimming,allright/OK?）陈述句为主从复合句的反意疑问句，复合句的问句一般与主句保持一致。Shesaidthattheywerehappy,didn’tshe?当陈述句为Ithink(believe,suppose)that...等时，问句通常与从句保持一致(注意否定前移)；主语为第二、第三人称时，问句与主句保持一致。Isupposethatitistoodifficult,isn’tit?Idon’tbelieveshewillbebacksoon,___________?Youthinkheisagooddoctor,don’tyou?Theydon’tthinkheknewanythingaboutit,___________?反义疑问句的回答答句原则：不管对方提问的角度如何，只看事实后面句子的事实是肯定句，用yes后面句子的事实是否定句，用noYoudon’tlovethisdog,doyou?你不爱这只狗,是吗?Youlovethisdog,don’tyou?你爱这只狗，是吗？No,Idon’tloveit.是的，我不爱它。Yes,Iloveit.是的，我爱它。Yes,Ilovehim.不，我爱它。No,Idon’tloveit.不，我不爱它。【专项练习】ZhouMinghasfewEnglishmagazines,_____?

A.doeshe

B.doesn’the

C.hashe

D.hasn’the

2．CindycouldhardlyspeakEnglishthreeyearsago,________?

A.couldn'tshe?

B.couldshe

C.canshe

3．Alicehadawonderfultimeyesterday,_______?

A.hadn’tshe

B.wasn’tshe

C.didn’tshe

D.wouldn’tshe

4．–Shedidn’tetoschoolyesterday,didshe?

–______,thoughshewasnotfeelingwell.

A.No,shedidn’t

B.Yes,shedidn’t

C.No,shedid

D.Yes,shedid

5．Hehardlyspentanytimeonhissubjects,________?

________,sohedoesbadlyinhislessons.

A.didn’the,Yes

B.didhe,Yes

C.didn’the,No

D.didhe,No

6．He’sreadthisbookbefore,______?

A.hasn’the

B.doesn’the

C.isn’the

D.wasn’t

he

7．–Let’sgoforawalk,______?

OK,I’ming.Don’tforgettobringyourcamera,______?

A.willyou;willyou

B.willyou;shallwe

C.shallwe;shallwe

D.shallwe;willyou

8．Johnhadashortwalkafterlunch,________？

A.didhe

B.didn'the

C.hadhe

D.hadn'the

9．Nancyhardlyringsyouup,___________?

A.doesn’tshe

B.doesshe

C.doesn’tNancy

D.doesNancy

10．Yourbrotheroftendisagreeswithyou,_______he?

_______.Weoftenhavedifferentopinions.

A.does;Yes

B.doesn’t;Yes

C.does;No

D.doesn’t;No

11．Kate’snever

lateforschool,

__________?

A.isn’tshe

B.hasn’the

C.isshe

D.hasshe

12．LiuTaohasneverreadthebookTheAdventureofTomSawyer,______he?

_________.Hetoldmeit'sveryinteresting.He'dliketoreaditagain.

A.is;No,heisn't

B.has;Yes,hehas

C.isn’t;Yes,heis

D.hasn’t;No,hehasn't

13．—He’sneverlateforschool,________

?

—No,heisn’t.Heisalwaysveryearly.

A.ishe

B.isn’the

C.hasn’the

D.hashe

14．—There’slittlemeatleftinthefridge,________?

—________.I’llgetsomeonmywayhome.

A.isthere,Yes

B.isn’tthere,Yes

C.isthere,No

D.isn’tthere,No

15．—Tomfinishedhishomework,didn’the?

—__________,thoughhewa