考研《英语一》鞍山市2023年临考冲刺试题含解析

考研《英语一》鞍山市2023年临考冲刺试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Inalandfaraway,onceuponatimetherewasgreatpoverty,andonlytherichcouldmanagewithoutgreatproblems．Itissaidthatonedaythreeofthoserichmenandtheirservantswere1togetheronaroadwhentheycametoaverypoorvillage．Thefirstcouldnotstandseeingthe2,sohetookallthegoldandjewelsfromhiswagons（四轮载重马车）andsharedthemoutamongthevillagers．Hewishedthemallthebestofluck,andheleft．Thesecondrichman,seeingtheworryingsituation,stoppedforashorttimeandthendecidedtogivethe3allhisfoodanddrink,sincehecouldseethatmoneywouldbeoflittle4tothem．Hemadesurethattheyeach5theirfairshareandwouldhaveenoughfoodtolastforsometime．Then,heleft．Thethirdrichman,onseeingsuchpoverty,6andwentstraightthroughthepoverty-strickenvillagewithoutstopping．Thetwootherrichmensawallthisfromadistanceandcommentedheatedlywitheachotheronhowthethirdrichmanlackedsympathy．Itwas7thattheythemselveshadbeentheretoofferhelp．However,totheirgreatsurprise,threedayslater,they8thethirdrichman,whowascominginthe9direction．Hewasstilltravelingquickly,buthiswagons,insteadofthegoldandvaluablestheyhadbeencarrying,werenowcompletelyfulloffarmingtoolsandbagsof10．Hewasrushingbacktohelpthemoutofpoverty．1、A．standing B．traveling C．gathering D．running2、A．land B．welfare C．richness D．poverty3、A．villagers B．servants C．others D．rest4、A．interest B．concern C．use D．attraction5、A．returned B．possessed C．offered D．received6、A．speedup B．turnback C．setout D．showoff7、A．turnedaround B．certain C．true D．strange8、A．welcomed B．met C．accepted D．persuaded9、A．opposite B．same C．similar D．familiar10、A．food B．jewels C．money D．seedsSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1ThetheatreinShakespeare’stimewasmuchdifferentthanitistoday.Authorswroteplaysforthemasses,especiallythosewhocouldn’treadorwrite.ThetheatrechangedalotduringShakespeare’slifetime.Theauthoritiesdidn’tlikeitanddidn’tallowactinginthecityitself:Theythoughtithadabadinfluenceonpeopleandkeptthemfromgoingtochurch.QueenElizabeth,ontheotherhand,lovedactingandhelpedthetheatrebecomepopular.ThetheatreinShakespeare’stimewasfulloflife.Peopledidnotsitallthetimeanditwasnotquietduringtheperformance.Theaudiencecouldwalkaround,eatanddrinkduringtheplay.Theaterswereopenarenasorplayhousesthathadroomforuptothreethousandpeople.Therewasalmostnoscenerybecausethedialoguewasthemostimportantpartoftheplay.Colourfulandwell-designedcostumeswereveryimportantandtoldthepeopleaboutthestatusofacharacter.Womenneverperformedinplays,80youngboysplayedfemalecharacters.Theperformancestookplaceintheafternoonbecauseitwastoodarkatnight.Therewasnostagecrewasthereistoday.Actorshadtodoeverythingthemselves-frommakingcostumestosettingthestage.Playswereorganizedbyactingcompanies.Theyperformedabout6differentplayseachweekbecausetheyneededmoneytosurvive.Theyhadalmostnotimetorehearse(排练).ThecompaniesinShakespeare’stimehadaranksystem.Thecompanybelongedtoshareholdersandmanagers.Theywereresponsibleforeverythingandgotmostofthemoneywhenthecompanywassuccessful.Sometimestheyevenownedtheirownbuildings.Actorsworkedforthemanagersandaftersometimebecameapermanentmemberofthecompany.Apprentices(学徒)wereyoungboysandwereallowedtoactinunimportantrole.Theyalsoplayedfemalecharactersinplays.1、Whywasthetheatrebannedbytheauthorities?A．Itwasmuchdifferentthanbefore.B．Theythoughtitaffectedpeoplenegatively.C．Theythoughtitkeptpeoplegoingtochurch.D．Thequeendidn’tlikeit.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“arenas”inParagraph4mean?A．Stages. B．Stores.C．Companies. D．Playgrounds.3、Whatdoweknowaboutthenactors?A．Theycoulddrinkduringtheplay.B．Womenhadtocross-dressmalecharacters.C．Theyhadstagecrewtohelpthem.D．Theyweretoobusytopractice.4、Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A．TorememberShakespeare.B．ToshowhisloveofShakespeare’splays.C．TointroducetheatersinShakespeare’stime.D．Todiscussthecompany’sranksystem.Text2CarolineSolomonwasonherhighschool'sswimteam.Butattimesshecouldnotgointothecreek（小溪）nearherhome.Itwassimplytoopolluted."IdecidedIwantedtodosomethingaboutit，"sherecalls.SoshestudiedenvironmentalscienceandpublicpolicyatHarvardUniversityinCambridge.Later，shewenttograduateschool.Someofherclassescouldbechallenging，though，sinceshecouldn'thearherteachers."I'vebeendeafsinceIwas15monthsold，"Solomonnotes.TodaysheteachesbiologyatGallaudetUniversityinWashington，DC．Shehasnotroublecommunicatingwithherstudents.They，too，areprimarilydeaforhardofhearing.That'swhyallclassesatGallaudetaretaughtinAmericanSignLanguage.Solomonalsohasanactivelifeoutsidetheclassroom.Sheespeciallyenjoyshiking，bikingandotheractivitieswithherfamily.HerresearchtakeshertotheAnacostiaRiver."ItisveryclosetoGallaudet，andIeasilybringmystudentsthere，"shesays.Waterrunningthroughlocalforestsandmarshesdrainsintothisriver，sodoeswaterrunningoffurbanstreets，golfcoursesandindustrialsites."Theriver'swatershed（流域）kindofconcentratesallthethingsthathappenwhenhumansmesswiththenaturallandscape，"sheexplains.Notsurprisingly，thisriverhasdevelopedareputationforbeingquitepolluted.Solomonhasbeenfocusingonhowpollutantsaffecttinyorganismsthatformthebaseoftheriver'sfoodweb."Iamnowlookingatthebacteriapopulation，"shesays，"toseewhattypesthereare."Solomonwantstoseemorestudentswhoaredeaforhaveotherdisabilitiesmakeadifferenceinenvironmentalscienceandotherfields.Assheoftensays,"IfIcandoit,youcandoit."1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph1referto?A．Solomon'shome.B．Solomon'sschool.C．Thepollutedcreek.D．Thelocalenvironment.2、WhatmadeSolomonstudyenvironmentalscience?A．Herteacher'sinfluence.B．Herphysicalconditions.C．Herteenageexperience.D．Herloveforswimming.3、WhatdoesSolomonthinkofdisabledstudents?A．Theyshouldbeencouragedtoliveactively.B．Theycanmakecontributionsiftheywantto.C．Theyshouldbetreateddifferentlybyothers.D．Theycanbeaburdeniftheyaredependent.4、Inwhichcolumncanyoufindthispassage?A．Environment. B．Education.C．Entertainment. D．Culture.Text3Unlessyou’reveryyoungorveryold,it'slikelyyouhavesomekindofrelationshipwithemail,whetheryougethundredsofmessagesadayorafewdozenaweek.Anewstudysuggeststhathowwedealwiththeseincomingmessagescouldbeaffectingourstresslevelsandoverallhealth.AteamfromtheFutureWorkCentreintheUKsurveyed2,000peopleacrossvariousindustries,sectors,andjobroles,askingparticipantshowtheymanagedtheiremailandhowmuchassociatedstresstheyfeltasaresult.Overall,thosewhospentthemosttimeorganisingandstayingontopofmessagesfeltthemostemail-relatedpressuretoo.“Whileemailcanbeavaluablecommunicationtool,it’sclearthatit’sasourceofstressoffrustrationformanyofus.Thepeoplewhoreporteditbeingmostusefultothemalsoreportedthehighestlevelsofemailpressure!”saidoneoftheteam,RichardMacKinnon.Twoofthehabitslinkedtomoreemail-relatedstresswerecheckingformessagesfirstthinginthemorningandlastthingatnight.Halfofthosesurveyedhadpushnotifications(消息推送）setupfornewemail,while62percentofrespondentslefttheiremailappopenalldayandallnight.Bothwerelinkedtohigherlevelsofemailpressure.Thesurveyalsofoundthatmanagerssufferedmorethannon-managers.Stressisnotjustaproblemwhenitcomestoourmood—it’sbeenlinkedtoalotofdisorderssuchasheartdisease，weightgain，memoryimpairment(减弱），digestiveproblems,anddepression.Theresearcherssuggestthattherelationshipbetweenemail-relatedstressandthenegativeimpactonhomelifeisnotthesameforeveryone.1、What’sthepurposeofthestudy?A．Tofindouthowmanypeoplehaveanemailaccount.B．Toknowwhatsortofpeopleuseemailmost.C．Tofindouthowemailmanagementisrelatedtostress.D．Toshowwhatchangesemailhasbroughtabouttopeople.2、WhatdoesRichardMackinnonthinkofemail?A．Itbringsmorestrengths. B．Itisnotanessentialtool.C．Itisadouble-edgedsword. D．Itmakespeoplepuzzled.3、Whichofthefollowinghabitscausesthemoststress?A．Checkingemailinthemorning.B．Checkingemailintheevening.C．Keepingemailappopenatwork.D．Settinguppushnotificationsfornewemail.4、Wheredoesthetextmostprobablycomefrom?A．Sciencefiction. B．Asciencereport.C．fashionmagazine. D．Abookguide.Text4It’sjustbeenthreemonthsafterthefirstbike-sharingcompanyarrivedinSingapore,butreportsofabuseandvandalism（故意破坏）ofsharedbikesinthecitykeepappearingonsocialmedia.Themajorityofthesesharedbikesarestationless,whichmeanstheydon’tneedtobestoppedatadesignated（指定的）spot.Theylockthemselvesafteryourrideisover,andyou’remeanttojustleavethebikeatthesideofaroad.Butusershavebeenchainingupbicyclesoutsidetheirapartments,preventingothersfromusingthem.Somepeoplebringthemuptotheirapartmentfloors,sotheycan’tbefoundeasilybyotherusers.Somepeoplehaveremovedthebikes’numberplatesorcodes,andsomeevenhavepaintedoverthebikestoclaimthebikesforthemselves.MostoftheabusedbikesbelongtoeitherSingapore-basedoBike,orofo,abike-sharinggiantbasedinChina.ofohasencouragedSingaporeanuserstoreportissues.oBikesaidthatthenumberofbicyclesthatweredamagedmadeuplessthanonepercentofitsfleet.ThecompanysaidinFebruarythatitplannedtobringin“tensofthousands”ofbikesbymid-2017.Thecompanyhasyettobananyonefromitsservice,butsaidthatitwouldtakeappropriateaction–includingmakingreportstothepolice.oBikealsointroducedashortcomingsystem,similartothatofitscompetitor,China-basedMobike.Usersstartwith100points,whichgettakenawayforerrant（出格的）behavioursuchasforgettingtolockthebike,orparkingatnon-designatedareas.UsersarebannedfromusingoBikewhentheirscoresreachzero.oBikehasaneight-manoperationteamthatcanremovebicyclesparkedcasually.Whenapproachedforcomment,Mobikesaid,“InChina,justasinSingapore,therearealwaysatinyminorityofpeoplewhoabusethebikes,sowedesignedoursystemtopreventthistypeofabuse.”1、Whoistheownerofmostoftheabusedbikes?A．Chinesegovernment.B．Localgovernment.C．Abike-sharinggiantbasedinChina.D．Theusersofthebikes.2、WhatistheattitudeoftheoBiketowardtheabuseofbikes?A．Tolerant.B．Indifferent.C．Supportive.D．Disapproving.3、Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“that”inthefifthparagraph?A．System.B．Bike.C．Company.D．Report.4、Whatcanwelearnfromthepassageaboutsharedbikes?A．Theywillbeintroducedsoon.B．Theabuseofthebikesisontheincrease.C．Theyareveryexpensive.D．Theyarewellpreservedbyusers.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)InChineseculture,eachyearisrelatedto1．Chineseanimalaccordingtothe12-yearcycle2018isanEarthDogYearPeoplebornduringtheyearofdog2．(believe)totakeaftersomeoftheanimal’scharacteristics,suchasloyalty,patience,andreliabilityZodiac(黄道)theoryalsorelatestoChineseelementaltheory,3．associatesthe12animalswithoneoffiveelements:metal,wood,water,fire,andearthThefiveelements4．(combine)withthe12zodiacsignsproducea60-yearcycleZodiacanimalshavebothfixedandnon-fixedelementsattached5．themForexample,thedog(aswellasthedragon,ox,andgoat)isalwaysassociatedwiththeearthelement6．theyearof2018isconsideredanearthyearaccordingtotheChinesesolarcalendar,thosebornin2018areconsideredearthdogs,whichcarrycharacteristicslikebeingcommunicativeandresponsibleatworkThoughdogsare7．(general)associatedwithearth,thosebornduringthemetaldogyeararebelievedtobeconservativeand8．(caution)innatureAsDogsarenotgoodatcommunication,itisdifficultforthemtoconveytheir9．(think)toothersTherefore,Dogstendtoleaveotherswiththeimpressionthattheyhaveastubborn10．(personal),buttheyareindeedloyaltotheirfamiliesandfriendsIcanstillrecalltheday1．IsatonthestairsofatempleinNepalThesquarebeforethetemplebecameverymuddyas2．resultoftherainWehadtowalkonapath3．(make)byalineofbricksonthemuddygroundAfriendof4．(I)complainedallthewaywhileshesteppedonthebrickswalkingtowardsmeLookingaroundshesaidvery5．(patient),“Disgustingindeed!WhatifIfallintothedirtywater?”SinceIknewherverywell,I6．(nod)cautiously,hopingtocomfortherbymysilentsympathyAfewminuteslater,7．friendcametothesamesceneShesteppedonthebrickpathdancingbrisklyandsinging,“Jump,jump,jump!”untilshereachedthedrygroundShecouldn'thelp8．(shout),“Whatfunitis!”Eyesbeamingwithjoy,shemadetheremarks,“Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonisthatonecanentirelybefree9．dust”IntheeyesofthetwothereweretwodifferentworldsAstheworldhasapopulationof6billion,itfollowsthatthereshouldbe6billion10．(world)SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Mostpeoplehavepracticedsomeformofhobbyatapointintheirlives,whetheritissomeformofsports,playingamusicalinstrument,creatingart,cookingorsomethingelse.Therearemanydifferentreasonsandskillsfortakingupahobby.Realizeyouhavemoretimethanyouthink.Thisisprobablytheonethingthatkeepsmostpeoplebackfrompracticingahobby.1、Butwewastesomuchtimeonsocialmedia,televisioncommercialsandworryingaboutlifewhichwecouldhaveusedtopracticeahobby.Schedulesometimeforahobbyintoyourday.Planaheadandjustdoit.Involveotherpeople.Why?Well,haveyouevernoticedthatyousticktosomethinglongerwhenyoufeelthatyoucannotletanotherpersondown?So,getsomeonetojogwithyou,ormakemusicwithyou,orsharerecipeswithyou.Plus,youwillinspirethemtokeeponpracticingtheirhobby.2、Putyourmoneywhereyourmouthis.3、Sogiveoutabitofyourbudgetloyourhobbyofchoicesothatyoucannotblamealackof“materials”fornotdoinganything.4、Forme,thishasbeenthemostimportantstepingoingoutanddoingahobby.Ifyoujog,decidewhichracesyouwanttodothisyear.Ifyoupracticemusic,organizeaconcert.Findthepleasureinwhatyoudo.Aswithmostthings,startingofgettingsome