SAT历年真题：SAT真题新OG-Test03

SAT备考资料

SAT真题新OG

Test03

SECTION1ReadingTest

65MINUTES,52QUESTIONS

TurntoSection1ofyouranswersheettoanswerthequestionsinthissection.DIRECTIONS

Eachpassageorpairofpassagesbelowisfollowedbyanumberofquestions.Afterreadingeachpassageorpair,choosethebestanswertoeachquestionbasedonwhatisstatedorimpliedinthepassageorpassagesandinanyaccompanyinggraphics(suchasatableorgraph).

Questions1-10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

ThispassageisadaptedfromSaki,'The

Schartz-MetterklumeMethod."Originallypublishedin1911.

LadyCarlottasteppedoutontotheplatformof

thesmallwaysidestationandtookaturnortwoupanddownitsuninterestinglength,tokilltimetillthe

Linetrainshouldbepleasedtoproceedonitsway.Then,

5intheroadwaybeyond,shesawahorsestrugglingwithamorethanampleload,andacarterofthesortthatseemstobearasullenhatredagainsttheanimalthathelpshimtoearnaliving.LadyCarlottapromptlybetookhertotheroadway,andputrathera

10differentcomplexiononthestruggle.Certainofheracquaintanceswerewonttogiveherplentifuladmonitionastotheundesirabilityofinterferingonbehalfofadistressedanimal,suchinterferencebeing"noneofherbusiness."Onlyoncehadsheputthe

15doctrineofnon-interferenceintopractice,whenoneofitsmosteloquentexponentshadbeenbesiegedfornearlythreehoursinasmallandextremelyuncomfortablemay-treebyanangryboar-pig,whileLadyCarlotta,ontheothersideofthefence,had

20proceededwiththewater-coloursketchshewasengagedon,andrefusedtointerferebetweentheboarandhisprisoner.Itistobefearedthatshelostthefriendshipoftheultimatelyrescuedlady.Onthis

occasionshemerelylostthetrain,whichgavewayto

25thefirstsignofimpatienceithadshownthroughoutthejourney,andsteamedoffwithouther.Shebore

thedesertionwithphilosophicalindifference;herfriendsandrelationswerethoroughlywellusedtothefactofherluggagearrivingwithouther.

30Shewiredavaguenon-committalmessagetoherdestinationtosaythatshewascomingon"byanothertrain."Beforeshehadtimetothinkwhathernextmovemightbeshewasconfrontedbyanimposinglyattiredlady,whoseemedtobetakinga

35prolongedmentalinventoryofherclothesandlooks."YoumustbeMissHope,thegovernessI'vecome

tomeet,"saidtheapparition,inatonethatadmittedofverylittleargument.

"Verywell,ifImustImust,"saidLadyCarlottato

40herselfwithdangerousmeekness.

"IamMrs.Quabarl,"continuedthelady;"andwhere,pray,isyourluggage?"

"It'sgoneastray,"saidtheallegedgoverness,

fallinginwiththeexcellentruleoflifethattheabsent

45arealwaystoblame;theluggagehad,inpointoffact,behavedwithperfectcorrectitude."I'vejust

telegraphedaboutit,"sheadded,withanearerapproachtotruth.

"Howprovoking,"saidMrs.Quabarl;"these

50railwaycompaniesaresocareless.However,mymaidcanlendyouthingsforthenight,"andsheledthewaytohercar.

DuringthedrivetotheQuabarlmansion

LadyCarlottawasimpressivelyintroducedtothe

55natureofthechargethathadbeenthrustuponher;shelearnedthatClaudeandWilfridweredelicate,sensitiveyoungpeople,thatIrenehadtheartistictemperamenthighlydeveloped,andthatViolawassomethingorotherelseofamouldequally

60commonplaceamongchildrenofthatclassandtypeinthetwentiethcentury.

"IwishthemnotonlytobeTAUGHT,"saidMrs.Quabarl,"butINTERESTEDinwhattheylearn.In

theirhistorylessons,forinstance,youmusttryto

65makethemfeelthattheyarebeingintroducedtothelife-storiesofmenandwomenwhoreallylived,notmerelycommittingamassofnamesanddatestomemory.French,ofcourse,Ishallexpectyoutotalk

atmeal-timesseveraldaysintheweek."

70"IshalltalkFrenchfourdaysoftheweekandRussianintheremainingthree."

"Russian?MydearMissHope,nooneinthehousespeaksorunderstandsRussian."

"Thatwillnotembarrassmeintheleast,"said

75LadyCarlottacoldly.

Mrs.Quabarl,touseacolloquialexpression,wasknockedoffherperch.Shewasoneofthoseimperfectlyself-assuredindividualswhoaremagnificentandautocraticaslongastheyarenot

80seriouslyopposed.Theleastshowofunexpectedresistancegoesalongwaytowardsrenderingthemcowedandapologetic.Whenthenewgovernessfailedtoexpresswonderingadmirationofthelargenewly-purchasedandexpensivecar,andlightly

85alludedtothesuperioradvantagesofoneortwomakeswhichhadjustbeenputonthemarket,thediscomfitureofherpatronessbecamealmostabject.Herfeelingswerethosewhichmighthaveanimatedageneralofancientwarfaringdays,onbeholdinghis

90heaviestbattle-elephantignominiouslydrivenoffthefieldbyslingersandjavelinthrowers.

Whichchoicebestsummarizesthepassage?

Awomanweighsthepositiveandnegativeaspectsofacceptinganewjob.

Awomandoesnotcorrectastrangerwhomistakesherforsomeoneelse.

Awomanimpersonatessomeoneelsetoseekrevengeonanacquaintance.

Awomantakesanimmediatedisliketohernewemployer.

Inline2,"turn"mostnearlymeans

slightmovement.

changeinrotation.

shortwalk.

coursecorrection.

ThepassagemostclearlyimpliesthatotherpeopleregardedLadyCarlottaas

outspoken.

tactful.

ambitious.

unfriendly.

Whichchoiceprovidesthebestevidencefortheanswertothepreviousquestion?

Lines10-14("Certain...business")

Lines22-23("Itis...lady")

Lines23-26("Onthis...her")

Lines30-32("She...train")

ThedescriptionofhowLadyCarlotta"putthedoctrineofnon-interferenceintopractice"(lines14-15)mainlyservesto

foreshadowhercapacityfordeception.

illustratethesubtlecrueltyinhernature.

provideahumorousinsightintohercharacter.

explainasurprisingchangeinherbehavior.

Inline55,"charge"mostnearlymeans

responsibility.

attack.

fee.

expense.

ThenarratorindicatesthatClaude,Wilfrid,Irene,andViolaare

similartomanyoftheirpeers.

unusuallycreativeandintelligent.

hostiletotheideaofagoverness.

moreeducatedthanothersoftheirage.

ThenarratorimpliesthatMrs.Quabarlfavorsaformofeducationthatemphasizes

traditionalvalues.

activeengagement.

artisticexperimentation.

factualretention.

Aspresentedinthepassage,Mrs.Quabarlisbestdescribedas

superficiallykindbutactuallyselfish.

outwardlyimposingbuteasilydefied.

sociallysuccessfulbutirrationallybitter.

naturallygenerousbutfrequentlyimprudent.

Whichchoiceprovidesthebestevidencefortheanswertothepreviousquestion?

Lines49-50("How...careless")

Lines62-68("Iwish...memory")

Lines70-73("Ishall...Russian")

Lines77-82("Shewas...apologetic")

Questions11-20arebasedonthefollowingpassageandsupplementarymaterial.

ThispassageisadaptedfromTarasGrescoe,Straphanger.SavingOurCitiesandOurselvesfromtheAutomobile.©2012byTarasGrescoe.

Thoughthereare600millioncarsontheplanet,andcounting,therearealsosevenbillionpeople,whichmeansthatforthevastmajorityofusgetting

Linearoundinvolvestakingbuses,ferryboats,commuter

5trains,streetcars,andsubways.Inotherwords,travelingtowork,school,orthemarketmeansbeingastraphanger:somebodywho,bychoiceornecessity,reliesonpublictransport,ratherthanaprivatelyownedautomobile.

10HalfthepopulationofNewYork,Toronto,andLondondonotowncars.PublictransportishowmostofthepeopleofAsiaandAfrica,theworld'smostpopulouscontinents,travel.Everyday,subwaysystemscarry155millionpassengers,thirty-four

15timesthenumbercarriedbyalltheworld'sairplanes,andtheglobalpublictransportmarketisnowvalued

at$428billionannually.Acenturyandahalfaftertheinventionoftheinternalcombustionengine,privatecarownershipisstillananomaly.

20Andyetpublictransportation,inmanyminds,istheoppositeofglamour—asqualidlastresortforthosewithonetoomanyimpaireddrivingcharges,toopoortoaffordinsurance,ortoodecrepittogetbehindthewheelofacar.InmuchofNorth

25America,theyareright:takingtransitisadepressingexperience.Anybodywhohaswaitedfartoolongon

astreetcornerfortheprivilegeofboardingalurching,overcrowdedbus,orwrestledluggageontosubwaysandshuttlestogettoabigcityairport,

30knowsthattransitonthiscontinenttendstobeunderfunded,ill-maintained,andill-planned.Giventheopportunity,whowouldn'tdrive?Hoppinginacaralmostalwaysgetsyoutoyourdestinationmorequickly.

35Itdoesn'thavetobelikethis.Doneright,publictransportcanbefaster,morecomfortable,and

cheaperthantheprivateautomobile.InShanghai,German-mademagneticlevitationtrainsskimoverelevatedtracksat266milesanhour,whiskingpeople

40totheairportatathirdofthespeedofsound.InprovincialFrenchtowns,electric-poweredstreetcarsrunsilentlyonrubbertires,slidingthroughnarrowstreetsalongasingleguiderailsetintocobblestones.FromSpaintoSweden,Wi-Fiequippedhigh-speed

45trainsseamlesslyconnectwithhighlyramifiedmetronetworks,allowingcommuterstoworkonlaptopsastheyprepareforsame-daymeetingsinoncedistantcapitalcities.InLatinAmerica,China,andIndia,workingpeopleboardfast-loadingbusesthatmove

50likesubwaytrainsalongdedicatedbusways,leavingthesedansandSUVsoftherichmiredin

dawn-to-dusktrafficjams.Andsomecitieshavetransformedtheirstreetsintocycle-pathfreeways,makinggiantstridesinpublichealthandsafetyand

55thesheerlivabilityoftheirneighborhoods—intheprocessturningtheworkadaybicycleintoaviableformofmasstransit.

Ifyoucreditthedemographers,thistransittrendhaslegs.The"Millenials,"whoreachedadulthood

60aroundtheturnofthecenturyandnowoutnumberbabyboomers,tendtofavorcitiesoversuburbs,andarefarmorewillingthantheirparentstoridebusesandsubways.PartofthereasonistheireasewithiPads,MP3players,Kindles,andsmartphones:you

65cangetsomeserioustextingdonewhenyou'renotdriving,andearbudsoffereffectiveinsulationfrom

allbutthemostextremecommutingannoyances.Eventhoughtherearemoreteenagersinthecountrythanever,onlytenmillionhaveadriver'slicense

70(versustwelvemillionagenerationago).BabyboomersmayhavebeenraisedinLeaveIttoBeaversuburbs,butastheyretire,asignificantcontingentisfavoringoldercitiesandcompacttownswheretheyhavetheoptionofwalkingandridingbikes.Seniors,

75too,aremorelikelytousetransit,andby2025,therewillbe64millionAmericansovertheageof

sixty-five.Already,dwellingsinolderneighborhoodsinWashington,D.C.,Atlanta,andDenver,especiallythosenearlight-railorsubwaystations,are

80commandingenormouspricepremiumsoversuburbanhomes.TheexperienceofEuropeanandAsiancitiesshowsthatifyoumakebuses,subways,andtrainsconvenient,comfortable,fast,andsafe,asurprisinglylargepercentageofcitizenswilloptto

85rideratherthandrive.

Whatfunctiondoesthethirdparagraph(lines20-34)serveinthepassageasawhole?

Itacknowledgesthatapracticefavoredbytheauthorofthepassagehassomelimitations.

Itillustrateswithdetailtheargumentsmadeinthefirsttwoparagraphsofthepassage.

Itgivesanoverviewofaproblemthathasnotbeensufficientlyaddressedbytheexpertsmentionedinthepassage.

Itadvocatesforabandoningapracticeforwhichthepassageasawholeprovidesmostlyfavorabledata.

WhichchoicedoestheauthorexplicitlyciteasanadvantageofautomobiletravelinNorthAmerica?

Environmentalimpact

Convenience

Speed

Cost

Whichchoiceprovidesthebestevidencefortheanswertothepreviousquestion?

Lines5-9("In...automobile")

Lines20-24("And...car")

Lines24-26("In...experience")

Lines32-34("Hopping...quickly")

Thecentralideaofthefourthparagraph(lines35-57)isthat

Europeancountriesexcelatpublictransportation.

somepublictransportationsystemsaresuperiortotravelbyprivateautomobile.

Americansshouldmimicforeignpublictransportationsystemswhenpossible.

muchinternationalpublictransportationisengineeredforpassengerstoworkwhileonboard.

Whichchoiceprovidesthebestevidencefortheanswertothepreviousquestion?

Line35("It...this")

Lines35-37("Done...automobile")

Lines37-40("In...sound")

Lines44-48("From...cities")

Asusedinline58,"credit"mostnearlymeans

endow.

attribute.

believe.

honor.

Asusedinline61,"favor"mostnearlymeans

indulge.

prefer.

resemble.

serve.

Whichchoicebestsupportstheconclusionthatpublictransportationiscompatiblewiththeuseofpersonalelectronicdevices?

Lines59-63("The...subways")

Lines63-67("Part...annoyances")

Lines68-70("Even...ago")

Lines77-81("Already...homes")

Whichchoiceissupportedbythedatainthefirstfigure?

Thenumberofstudentsusingpublictransportationisgreaterthanthenumberofretireesusingpublictransportation.

Thenumberofemployedpeopleusingpublictransportationandthenumberofunemployedpeopleusingpublictransportationisroughlythesame.

Peopleemployedoutsidethehomearelesslikelytousepublictransportationthanarehomemakers.

Unemployedpeopleusepublictransportationlessoftenthandopeopleemployedoutsidethehome.

Takentogether,thetwofiguressuggestthatmostpeoplewhousepublictransportation

areemployedoutsidethehomeandtakepublictransportationtowork.

areemployedoutsidethehomebuttakepublictransportationprimarilyinordertorunerrands.

usepublictransportationduringtheweekbutusetheirprivatecarsonweekends.

usepublictransportationonlyuntiltheyareabletoaffordtobuyacar.

Questions21-30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

ThispassageisadaptedfromThorHanson,Feathers.

©2011byThorHanson.Scientistshavelongdebatedhowtheancestorsofbirdsevolvedtheabilitytofly.Theground-uptheoryassumestheywerefleet-footedgrounddwellersthatcapturedpreybyleapingandflappingtheirupperlimbs.Thetree-downtheoryassumestheyweretreeclimbersthatleaptandglidedamongbranches.

Atfieldsitesaroundtheworld,KenDialsawapatterninhowyoungpheasants,quail,tinamous,andothergroundbirdsranalongbehindtheir

Lineparents."Theyjumpeduplikepopcorn,"hesaid,

5describinghowtheywouldflaptheirhalf-formedwingsandtakeshorthopsintotheair.Sowhenagroupofgraduatestudentschallengedhim

tocomeupwithnewdataontheage-old

ground-up-tree-downdebate,hedesignedaproject

15toseewhatcluesmightlieinhowbabygamebirdslearnedtofly.

KensettledontheChukarPartridgeasamodelspecies,buthemightnothavemadehis

discoverywithoutakeypieceofadvicefromthelocal

15rancherinMontanawhowassupplyinghimwithbirds.Whenthecowboystoppedbytoseehowthingsweregoing,Kenshowedhimhisnice,tidylaboratorysetupandexplainedhowthebirds'firsthopsandflightswouldbemeasured.Therancher

20wasincredulous."Hetookonelookandsaid,inprettycolorfullanguage,'Whatarethosebirdsdoingontheground?Theyhatetobeontheground!Givethemsomethingtoclimbon!'"Atfirstitseemedunnatural—groundbirdsdon'tliketheground?But

25ashethoughtaboutitKenrealizedthatallthespecieshe'dwatchedinthewildpreferredtorestonledges,lowbranches,orotherelevatedpercheswheretheyweresafefrompredators.Theyreallyonlyusedthegroundforfeedingandtraveling.Sohebrought

30insomehaybalesfortheChukarstoperchonandthenlefthissoninchargeoffeedinganddatacollectionwhilehewentawayonashortworktrip.

Barelyateenageratthetime,youngTerryDial

wasvisiblyupsetwhenhisfathergotback."Iasked

35himhowitwent,"Kenrecalled,"andhesaid,'Terrible!Thebirdsarecheating!'"Insteadofflyinguptotheirperches,thebabyChukarswereusingtheirlegs.TimeandagainTerryhadwatchedthemrunrightupthesideofahaybale,flappingallthe

40while.Kendashedouttoseeforhimself,andthatwasthe"aha"moment."Thebirdswereusingtheirwingsandlegscooperatively,"hetoldme,andthatsingleobservationopenedupaworldofpossibilities.WorkingtogetherwithTerry(whohassincegone

45ontostudyanimallocomotion),Kencameupwithaseriesofingeniousexperiments,filmingthebirdsastheyraceduptexturedrampstiltedatincreasing

angles.Astheinclineincreased,thepartridgesbegantoflap,buttheyangledtheirwingsdifferentlyfrom

50birdsinflight.Theyaimedtheirflappingdownandbackward,usingtheforcenotforliftbuttokeep

theirfeetfirmlypressedagainsttheramp."It'slikethespoileronthebackofaracecar,"heexplained,whichisaveryaptanalogy.InFormulaOneracing,

55spoilersarethebigaerodynamicfinsthatpushthecarsdownwardastheyspeedalong,increasingtractionandhandling.Thebirdsweredoingtheverysamethingwiththeirwingstohelpthemscramble

upotherwiseimpossibleslopes.

60KencalledthetechniqueWAIR,forwing-assistedinclinerunning,andwentontodocumentitina

widerangeofspecies.Itnotonlyallowedyoungbirdstoclimbverticalsurfaceswithinthefirstfewweeksoflifebutalsogaveadultsanenergy-efficient

65alternativetoflying.IntheChukarexperiments,adultsregularlyusedWAIRtoascendrampssteeperthan90degrees,essentiallyrunningupthewallandontotheceiling.

Inanevolutionarycontext,WAIRtakeson

70surprisingexplanatorypowers.Withonefellswoop,theDialscameupwithaviableoriginforthe

flappingflightstrokeofbirds(somethingglidinganimalsdon'tdoandthusashortcomingofthe

tree-downtheory)andanaerodynamicfunctionfor

75half-formedwings(oneofthemaindrawbackstotheground-uphypothesis).

Whichchoicebestreflectstheoverallsequenceofeventsinthepassage?

Anexperimentisproposedbutprovesunworkable;alessambitiousexperimentisattempted,andityieldsdatathatgiverisetoanewsetofquestions.

Anewdiscoveryleadstoreconsiderationofatheory;aclassicstudyisadapted,andtheresultsaresummarized.

Ananomalyisobservedandsimulatedexperimentally;theresultsarecomparedwithpreviousfindings,andanovelhypothesisisproposed.

Anunexpectedfindingarisesduringtheearlyphaseofastudy;thestudyismodifiedinresponsetothisfinding,andtheresultsareinterpretedandevaluated.

Asusedinline7,"challenged"mostnearlymeans

dared.

required.

disputedwith.

competedwith.

WhichstatementbestcapturesKenDial'scentralassumptioninsettinguphisresearch?

Theacquisitionofflightinyoungbirdsshedslightontheacquisitionofflightintheirevolutionaryancestors.

Thetendencyofcertainyoungbirdstojumperraticallyisasomewhatrecentevolvedbehavior.

Youngbirdsinacontrolledresearchsettingarelesslikelythanbirdsinthewildtorequirepercheswhenatrest.

Ground-dwellingandtree-climbingpredecessorstobirdsevolvedinparallel.

Whichchoiceprovidesthebestevidencefortheanswertothepreviousquestion?

Lines1-4("Atfield...parents")

Lines6-11("Sowhen...fly")

Lines16-19("When...measured")

Lines23-24("Atfirst...theground")

Inthesecondparagraph(lines12-32),theincidentinvolvingthelocalranchermainlyservesto

revealKenDial'smotivationforundertakinghisproject.

underscorecertaindifferencesbetweenlaboratoryandfieldresearch.

showhowanunanticipatedpieceofinformationinfluencedKenDial'sresearch.

introduceakeycontributortothetree-downtheory.

AfterKenDialhadhis"'aha'moment"(line41),he

triedtotrainthebirdstoflytotheirperches.

studiedvideostodeterminewhythebirdsnolongerhopped.

observedhowthebirdsdealtwithgraduallysteeperinclines.

consultedwithotherresearcherswhohadstudiedChukarPartridges.

ThepassageidentifieswhichofthefollowingasafactorthatfacilitatedthebabyChukars'tractiononsteepramps?

Thespeedwithwhichtheyclimbed

Thepositionoftheirflappingwings

Thealternationofwingandfootmovement

Theircontinualhoppingmotions

Asusedinline61,"document"mostnearlymeans

portray.

record.

publish.

process.

Whatcanreasonablybeinferredaboutglidinganimalsfromthepassage?

Theiryoungtendtohopalongbesidetheirparentsinsteadofflyingbesidethem.

Theirmethodoflocomotionissimilartothatofgroundbirds.

Theyusethegroundforfeedingmoreoftenthanforperching.

Theydonotuseaflappingstroketoaidinclimbingslopes.

Whichchoiceprovidesthebestevidencefortheanswertothepreviousquestion?

Lines4-6("Theyjumped...air")

Lines28-29("Theyreally...traveling")

Lines57-59("Thebirds...slopes")

Lines72-74("something...theory")

Questions31-41arebasedonthefollowingpassages.Passage1isadaptedfromTalleyrandetal..ReportonPublicInstruction.Originallypublishedin1791.Passage2isadaptedfromMaryWollstonecraft,AVindicationoftheRightsofWoman.Originallypublishedin1792.TalleyrandwasaFrenchdiplomat;theReportwasaplanfornationaleducation.Wollstonecraft,aBritishnovelistandpoliticalwriter,wroteVindicationinresponsetoTalleyrand.

Passage1

Thathalfthehumanraceisexcludedbytheotherhalffromanyparticipationingovernment;thattheyarenativebybirthbutforeignbylawintheverylandLinewheretheywereborn;andthattheyare

5property-ownersyethavenodirectinfluenceorrepresentation:areallpoliticalphenomenaapparentlyimpossibletoexplainonabstractprinciple.Butonanotherlevelofideas,thequestionchangesandmaybeeasilyresolved.Thepurposeof

10alltheseinstitutionsmustbethehappinessofthegreatestnumber.Everythingthatleadsusfartherfromthispurposeisinerror;everythingthatbringsuscloseristruth.Iftheexclusionfrompublicemploymentsdecreedagainstwomenleadstoa

15greatersumofmutualhappinessforthetwosexes,thenthisbecomesalawthatallSocietieshavebeencompelledtoacknowledgeandsanction.

Anyotherambitionwouldbeareversalofourprimarydestinies;anditwillneverbeinwomen's

20interesttochangetheassignmenttheyhavereceived.

Itseemstousincontestablethatourcommonhappiness,aboveallthatofwomen,requiresthattheyneveraspiretotheexerciseofpoliticalrightsandfunctions.Herewemustseektheirinterestsin

25thewishesofnature.Isitnotapparent,thattheirdelicateconstitutions,theirpeacefulinclinations,andthemanydutiesofmotherhood,setthemapartfromstrenuoushabitsandonerousduties,andsummonthemtogentleoccupationsandthecaresofthe

30home?AndisitnotevidentthatthegreatconservingprincipleofSocieties,whichmakesthedivisionof

powersasourceofharmony,hasbeenexpressedandrevealedbynatureitself,whenitdividedthefunctionsofthetwosexesinsoobviouslydistincta

35manner?Thisissufficient;weneednotinvokeprinciplesthatareinapplicabletothequestion.Letusnotmakerivalsoflife'scompanions.Youmust,youtrulymustallowthepersistenceofaunionthatnointerest,norivalry,canpossiblyundo.Understand

40thatthegoodofalldemandsthisofyou.

Passage2

Contendingfortherightsofwoman,mymainargumentisbuiltonthissimpleprinciple,thatifshebenotpreparedbyeducationtobecomethecompanionofman,shewillstoptheprogressof

45knowledgeandvirtue;fortruthmustbecommontoall,oritwillbeinefficaciouswithrespecttoitsinfluenceongeneralpractice.Andhowcanwoman

beexpectedtoco-operateunlesssheknowwhysheoughttobevirtuous?unlessfreedomstrengthenher

50reasontillshecomprehendherduty,andseeinwhatmanneritisconnectedwithherrealgood?If

childrenaretobeeducatedtounderstandthetrueprincipleofpatriotism,theirmothermustbeapatriot;andtheloveofmankind,fromwhichan

55orderlytrainofvirtuesspring,canonlybeproducedbyconsideringthemoralandcivilinterestof

mankind;buttheeducationandsituationofwoman,atpresent,shutsheroutfromsuchinvestigations....

Consider,sir,dispassionately,these

60observations—foraglimpseofthistruthseemedtoopenbeforeyouwhenyouobserved,"thattoseeonehalfofthehumanraceexcludedbytheotherfromallparticipationofgovernment,wasapoliticalphenomenonthat,accordingtoabstractprinciples,it

65wasimpossibletoexplain."Ifso,onwhatdoesyourconstitutionrest?Iftheabstractrightsofmanwill

beardiscussionandexplanation,thoseofwoman,byaparityofreasoning,willnotshrinkfromthesametest:thoughadifferentopinionprevailsinthis

70country,builtontheveryargumentswhichyouuse

tojustifytheoppressionofwoman—prescription.Consider—Iaddressyouasalegislator—

whether,whenmencontendfortheirfreedom,and

tobeallowedtojudgeforthemselvesrespectingtheir

75ownhappiness,itbenotinconsistentandunjusttosubjugatewomen,eventhoughyoufirmlybelieve

thatyouareactinginthemannerbestcalculatedtopromotetheirhappiness?Whomademantheexclusivejudge,ifwomanpartakewithhimthegift

80ofreason?

Inthisstyle,arguetyrantsofeverydenomination,fromtheweakkingtotheweak

fatherofafamily;theyarealleagertocrushreason;yetalwaysassertthattheyusurpitsthroneonlytobe

85useful.Doyounotactasimilarpart,whenyouforceallwomen,bydenyingthemcivilandpoliticalrights,

toremainimmuredintheirfamiliesgropinginthedark?

Asusedinline21,"common"mostnearlymeans

average.

shared.

coarse.

similar.

ItcanbeinferredthattheauthorsofPassage1believethatrunningahouseholdandraisingchildren

arerewardingformenaswellasforwomen.

yieldlessvalueforsocietythandotherolesperformedbymen.

entailveryfewactivitiesthataredifficultorunpleasant.

requireskillssimilartothoseneededtorunacountryorabusiness.

Whichchoiceprovidesthebestevidencefortheanswertothepreviousquestion?

Lines4-6("theyare...representation")

Lines13-17("Ifthe...sanction")

Lines25-30("Isit...home")

Lines30-35("And...manner")

AccordingtotheauthorofPassage2,inorderforsocietytoprogress,womenmust

enjoypersonalhappinessandfinancialsecurity.

followallcurrentlypr