2021届高考英语词汇阅读打卡计划（Day 20）高阶版

2021高考英语词汇阅读打卡计划（Day20）

高阶版

-：词汇打卡复习

1：participate/pa:tisipeit/

V.参加；参与

Despiteherloveofreading,shedidnotdowellinelementaryschoolbecauseshewas

tooshytoparticipate.

尽管她喜欢阅读，她在小学的表现并不出众，因为她太害羞了，不敢参加。

【常用搭配】

participatein参加；分享

【派生词】

participationn.参与；分享；参股

participantn.参与者；关系者

2：reaction/riaekfri/

n.[U]&[C]反应，回应；生理反应；化学反应

IfIfindsomeonewholookslikethesuspect,myimmediatereactionwillbetotellthe

police.

如果我发现看上去像嫌疑犯的人，我最直接的反应就是要报警。

【常用搭配】

chemicalreaction化学反应

chainreaction连锁反应；链式反应

3：routine/ruitim/

n.常规；正常顺序；

rci（演出中的）一套动作，一系列笑话（等）；例行程序，例程；

adj.常规的，例行公事的；日常的；乏味的

Mymorningroutineincludesjoggingintheparkandreadingnewspapersoverbreakfast.

我早上的常规活动包括在公园慢跑和早餐时读报纸。

【常用搭配】

dailyroutine日常生活；日常事务

establish/breakaroutine确立/打破常规

【派生词】

routinelyadv.例行公事地；老一套地

4：sensitive/'sensativ/

adj.感觉敏锐的；易生气的；敏感的；过敏的；灵敏的

OfalltheanimalsI'veeverhad,thosetwodogsarethemostsensitivetothespoken

word.

在我养过的所有动物中，那两只狗对人说的话最敏感。

【常用搭配】

besensitiveto对...敏感的

【派生词】

sensitivityn.敏感；敏感性；过敏

sensitivelyadv.敏感地；易感知地

5：transparent/traens'paerant/

adj.透明的，清澈的；易识破的，显而易见的；易懂的

Tobecometransparent,ananimalneedstokeepitsbodyfromabsorbingorscattering

light.

为了变得透明，动物需要保持身体不吸收或散射光线。

【派生词】

transparencyn.透明，透明度；幻灯片；有图案的玻璃

transparentlyadv.显然地，易觉察地；明亮地

6：accessible/dk'sesabV

adj.易接近的；可进入的；可理解的

AstheKennedyCenter'sartisticadviserforjazz,Moranhopestowidentheaudience

forjazz,makethemusicmoreaccessible,andpreserveitshistoryandculture.

作为肯尼迪中心的爵士乐艺术顾问，莫兰希望扩大爵士乐的听众范围，使爵士乐

更容易被人接受，并保护爵士乐的历史和文化。

【派生词】

accessibilityn.易接近；可以得到

7：association/,sausi'eijn/

n.[C]&[U]协会，联盟；联合

Maybetheladyyoumetinatradeassociationmeetingcanhelpyousecurefunding.

也许你在行业协会会议上遇到的那位女士可以帮助你获得资金。

【常用搭配】

inassociationwith与...相联系；与...联合

【派生词】

associationaladj.联想的；协会的

8：compass/'kAmpas/

n」U]指南针，罗盘；圆规

Wehadtorelyonacompassandalotoflucktogethere.

我们只得靠罗盘和很大的运气到达这儿。

9：contrast/'knntra:st/

n.[C]&[U]对比,明显的差异；

v.对比；显出明显的差异

Bycontrast,thosewithpoorgradesareathigherrisk.

相比之下，那些成绩差的人的风险更高。

【常用搭配】

incontrast与此相反

bycontrast相比之下

incontrastwith与...相比

【派生词】

contrastiveadj.对比的

10：criticize/'kntisaiz/

v.批评；指责

Hismotherhadrarelycriticizedhimoranyofherotherchildren.

他母亲很少批评他或她的其他孩子。

【常用搭配】

criticizesb.forsth.为某事责怪某人

【派生词】

criticismn.批评；考证；苛求

11：description/di'sknpjh/

n」U］描述，描写

Bepatienttothepeoplewhoarethecompleteoppositeofthatdescription.

对那些与描述完全相反的人要有耐心。

【常用搭配】

jobdescription工作职责说明

beyonddescription无法形容，难以形容

【派生词】

descriptiveadj.描写的，叙述的；描写性的

12：distinguish/distiggwif/

V.区分；辨别；使出众

Theycandistinguishtheirmother'svoicefromthatofafemalestranger.

他们能把他们母亲的声音与其他陌生女性的声音分辨开。(2017江苏)

【常用搭配】

distinguishoneself使扬名；使杰出

distinguishbetween区别；分辨

distinguish(sb./sth.)from区别，辨别

【派生词】

distinguishedadj.著名的；卓著的；高贵的

13：emergency/i,m3：dj（9）nsi/

n.[C]&[U]紧急情况；突发事件；非常时刻

Ourgenerationoncejoinedhandsandstoodfirmattimesofnationalemergency.

我们这一代曾在国家危急时刻携起手来，坚定立场。

【常用搭配】

emergencyroom急诊室

anemergencysituation紧急情况

14：equal/'i:kwol/

adj.平等的；相等的；v.等于；比得上

Weareequalineveryway.我们在各方面都是平等的。

【常用搭配】

beequalto等于

equalopportunity机会均等

equalinsize/length/height大小/长度/高度相等

【派生词】

equalizedadj.平衡的

equallyadv.同样地；相等地

equalityn.平等;相等

15：expense/ik'spens/

n.[C]&[U]费用;开销；代价

Butmanycouldn'taffordtheexpense.

但许多人负担不起这笔费用。

【常用搭配】

attheexpenseof以...为代价

atgreatexpense以巨大的代价

【派生词】

expensiveadj.昂贵的；花钱的

expensivelyadv.昂贵地；乱花钱地

二：阅读打卡复习

(-)

Whydoyougotothelibrary?Forbooks,yes-butyoulikebooksbecausetheytell

stories.Youhopetogetlostinastoryorbetransportedintosomeoneelse'slife.Atonetype

oflibrary,youcandojustthat—eventhoughthere'snotasinglebook.

AtaHumanLibraiy,insteadofbooks,youcan“borrow"people.Individuals

volunteerashuman“books“andparticipantsintheeventcan“read"thebook-meaning

theywouldhaveaone-on-oneconversationwiththevolunteerandshareinadialogueabout

thatindividuaFsexperience."Books“arevolunteersfromallwalksoflifewhohave

experienceddiscrimination（歧视）basedonrace,religion,class,genderidentity,age,

lifestylechoices,disabilityandotheraspectsoftheirlife

Foracertainamountoftime,youcanaskthemquestionsandlistentotheirstories,

whichareasfascinatingandasattractiveasanyyoucanfindinabook.Manyofthestories

havetodowithsomekindofstereotype.Youcanspeakwitharefugee（难民），asoldier

sufferingfromPTSD,ahomelesspersonorawomanlivingwithHIV.TheHumanLibrary

encouragespeopletochallengetheirownlong-heldbeliefs-totrulygettoknow,andlearn

fromsomeonetheymightotherwisemakeaquickjudgmentabout.

Accordingtoitswebsite,theHumanLibraryis“aplacewheredifficultquestionsare

expected,appreciatedandanswered.nItprovidestheopportunityforthecommunityto

shareandunderstandtheexperiencesofothersintheircommunity.

TheHumanLibraryOrganizationcametobeinCopenhagen,Denmarkin2000.

RonniAbergel,hisbrotherDany,andsomecolleagueshostedafour-dayeventduringa

majorNorthernEuropeanfestival,hopingtoraiseawarenessaboutviolenceamongyouth.

Afterthesuccessofthisevent,AbergelfoundedtheHumanLibraryOrganization,whichhas

beengrowingeversince.

Thoughthereareafewpermanenthumanlibraries,mostaren*tplacesatall,but

events.Thoughmanydotakeplaceatphysicallibraries,youdon'tneedalibrarycard一

anyonecancomeandbepartoftheexperience.Therehavebeenhumanlibraryeventsall

overtheglobe,inuniversitiesandinpubs,fromChicagotoTunistoEdinburghtoSan

Antonio.

Thestoriesthese"books"tellrangefromfascinatingtoheartbreakingandeverything

inbetween.Andthafstheverypointoftheorganization-toprovethatnopersoncanbe

summedupinjustoneword.Itseekstoshowpeoplethatyoutrulycan*tjudgeabookbyits

cover-orbyitstitleorlabel.

(1)The“books“inhumanlibrariesare.

A.long-heldbeliefsattractingindividuals

B.inspiringstonesmotivatingpeopleintrouble

C.eventsinwhichpeoplecantalktovolunteers

D.unfairly-treatedpeoplesharingtheirexperiences

(2)TheeventinCopenhagenissignificantbecauseit.

A.aimedtohelptheyoungsufferingfromviolence

B.attemptedtoreplacetraditionalphysicallibraries

C.laidafoundationfortheHumanLibraryOrganization

D.ledtoapleasingdevelopmentforthecommunitywithracism

(3)Inhumanlibraries,thereadersarelikelyto.

A.deepentheirunderstandingofpeople

B.enrichtheirownpersonalexperiences

C.hearthestoriesfromallovertheworld

D.makequickjudgmentsaboutthe“books”

（4）Themainpurposeofthepassageisto.

A.compareandevaluateB.informandexplain

C.discussandpersuadeD.analyzeandsuggest

参考答案：DCAB

（二）

NormanGarmezy,adevelopmentpsychologistattheUniversityofMinnesota,met

thousandsofchildreninhisfourdecadesofresearch.Anine-year-oldboyinparticularstuck

withhim.Hehasanalcoholicmotherandanabsentfather.Buteachdayhewouldwalkinto

schoolwithasmileonhisface.HewantedtomakesurethatHnoonewouldfeelpityforhim

andnoonewouldknowhismother'sincompetence.^^TheboyexhibitedaqualityGarmezy

identifiedas6tresilience^^.Resiliencepresentsachallengefbrpsychologists.Peoplewhoare

luckyenoughtoneverexperienceanysortofadversity（逆境）won'tknowhowresilientthey

are.It'sonlywhenthey'refacedwithobstacles,stress,andotherenvironmentalthreatsthat

resilience,orthelackofit,comesout.Somegiveinandsomeconquer.

Garmezy'sworkopenedthedoortothestudyoftheelementsthatcouldenablean

individual'ssuccessdespitethechallengestheyfaced.Hisresearchindicatedthatsome

elementshadtodowithluck,butquitelargesetofelementswaspsychological,andhadtodo

withhowthechildrenrespondedtotheenvironment.Theresilientchildrenhadwhat

psychologistscallan''internallensofcontrol（内控点）Theybelievedthatthey,andnot

theircircumstances,affectedtheirachievements.Theresilientchildrensawthemselvesasthe

arrangersoftheirownfates.

CeorgeBonannohasbeenstudyingresiliencefbryearsatColumbiaUniversity's

TeachersCollege.Hefoundthatsomepeoplearefarbetterthanothersatdealingwith

adversity.Thisdifferencemightcomefromperception(认矢口)whethertheythinkofanevent

astraumatic(仓ij伤)，orasanopportunitytolearnandgrow."Stressful"or"traumatic“events

themselvesdon'thavemuchpredictivepowerwhenitcomestolifeoutcomes."Exposureto

potentiallytraumaticeventsdoesnotpredictlaterfunctioning,"Bonannosaid."It'sonly

predictiveifthere'sanegativeresponse.99Inotherwords,livingthroughadversitydoesn't

guaranteethatyou*llsuffergoingforward.

Thegoodnewsisthatpositiveperceptioncanbetaught."Wecanmakeourselves

moreorlesseasilyhurtbyhowwethinkaboutthings,"Bonannosaid.Inresearchat

Columbia,theneuroscientistKevinOchsnerhasshownthatteachingpeopletothinkof

adversityindifferentways—toreframeitinpositivetermswhentheinitialresponseis

ne