2021届江苏省扬州市高三第一次模拟测试英语试卷（一）（解析版）

2021届江苏省扬州市高三第一次模拟测试英语试卷（一）

考前须知：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上

2.答复选择题时，选出每题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答复非选择题时，将答案

写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一局部听力（共两节，总分值30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷

上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每题分，总分值分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中

选出最正确选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅

读下一小题每段对话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案是C。

1.WhydidthewomangotoMallorca?

A.ToteachSpanish.B.Tolookforajob.C.Toseeafriend.

2.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?

A.Takehimtohospital.B.Gotoaclasswithhim.C.Submitareportforhim.

3.Whowilllookafterthechildren?

A.Jennifer.B.Suzy.C.Marie.

4.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?

A.Drivehome.B.Goshopping.C.Eatout.

5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Howtofryfish.B.Howtomakecoffee.C.Howtoremoveabadsmell.

第二节（共15小题：每题分，总分值分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、

C三个选项中选出最正确选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,

每题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，答复第6、7题。

6.WhendoesGomezwatchafootballgameonTV?

A.Whenhefailstogetaticket.

B.Whenthestadiumiscrowded.

C.Whenhisfriendsaretoobusy.

7.HowmuchdidGomezpayforthefootballgamelasttime?

A.$20,B.$25.C.$50.

听第7段材料，答复第8至10题。

8.WhatdidAlexdointheafternoon?

A.Hehadawalk.B.Hewenthunting.C.Heplantedtrees.

9.WhatdidAlexbringback?

A.Flowers.B.Leaves.C.Books.

10WhatwasBobdoingwhenAlexsawhim?

A.Fishing.B.Takingpictures.C.Swimming.

听第8段材料，答复第11至13题。

11.WhatdidDaviddoonhismostrecentholiday?

A.Hehadaboattrip.B.Hetookaballoonflight.C.Heclimbedamountain.

12.WhatisonDavid'slist?

A.Giftsheneededtobuy.B.Thingshewishedtodo.C.Dateshehadtoremember.

13.WheredoesthewomansuggestDavidgoforhisnextholiday?

A.Australia.B.California.C.TheAmazon.

听第9段材料，答复第14至17题。

14.WhydidSarahmakethephonecall?

A.Toaskafavor.B.Topassonamessage.C.Tomakeanappointment.

15.WhereisSarahnow?

A.InBrighton.B.Atherhome.C.AttheSheltonHotel.

16.WhattimeisMichaelleavinghisplacetomorrowmorning?

A.At7:40.B.At8:00.C.At8:20.

17.WhatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenJohnandSarah?

A.Neighbors.B.Fellowworkers.C.Husbandandwife.

听第10段材料，答复第18至20题。

18.Whatdomostpeoplethinkisveryimportantinspokencommunication?

A.Pronunciation.B.Vocabulary.C.Grammar.

19.Whyshouldyoulistentoexpertsaccordingtothespeaker?

A.Todevelopyourreadingfluency.

B.Toimproveyournote-takingskills.

C.Tofindoutyourmispronunciations.

20.Whatisthespeaker'slastsuggestion?

ASpelloutthedifficultwords.

B.Checkthewordsinadictionary.

C.Practicereadingthewordsaloud.

第二局部阅读（共两节，总分值50分）

第一节（共15小题；每题分，总分值分）

阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最正确选项。

A

Buzzwords（流行词汇）

Splinternet

EuropeisfloatingregulationthatcouldimposetemporarybansonUStechcompaniesthat

violateitslaws.Ifsuchterritorialagreementsbecomemorecommon,theglobally-connected

Internetweknowwillmorelikewhatsomehavecalledthe“splinternet”,oracollectionof

differentInternetswhoselimitsaredeterminedbynationalorregionalborders.

Cyberpunk

—Doyouthinkwearealreadyinacyberpunkage?

—Ithinkweare.Justlookaroundus,weareenjoyingthefruitofhightechnologywhenwe

orderalmosteverythingatourfingertips.Butthepeopledeliveringtheproductscan'tevenhavea

decentmeal.Thafsatypical“hightech,lowlife，/contrast.

Mansplaining

一Youmustfollowmyinstructionstocompletetheproject.Don'tyoueverscrewup.

一Stopmansplaining,OK?I'mfarmoreexperiencedthanyou.

Digitalnatives

Ifyouarewonderingwhy“Phone"appiconisdesignedlikethatandlooksalmostthesame

oneverysmartphone,youaredefinitelyoneofthedigitalnativeswhodon'tknowwhatatelephone

is.

Socialbankruptcy

Haveyoueverfounditextremelyexhaustingtryingtomaintainabalancedrelationshipwithall

yoursocialmediafriendsandfollowers?Perhapsit'stimethatyougosocialbankruptcy.Justclose

allyouraccountsandgooutandenjoythesunshine.

1.ThesocialmediaplatformFacebookbrieflydecidedtopreventAustralianusersfromsharing

newlinks.Whichwordismostrelevanttothisaffair?

A.SplinternetB.MansplainingC.DigitalnativesD.Social

bankruptcy

2.Mencius（孟子）oncesaid:"Disgustforsomeonebyothersdoesfocusonhis/herpretendingtobe

others'master/'Whichwordmeansthesamething?

A.SplinternetB.CyberpunkC.MansplainingD.Digital

natives

3.WhichcolumninTeenSpaceMagazineisthetextprobablyfrom?

A.PrefaceB.OutlookC.StoryD.

Witticism

【答案】l.A2.C3.B

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些如今流行的流行词汇的含义。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段"EuropeisfloatingregulationthatcouldimposetemporarybansonUS

techcompaniesthatviolateitslaws.Ifsuchterritorialagreementsbecomemorecommon,the

globally-connectedInternetweknowwillmorelikewhatsomehavecalledthe"splintemet”,ora

collectionofdifferentInternetswhoselimitsaredeterminedbynationalorregionalborders.（欧洲

正在实施一项浮动法规，可能对违反欧洲法律的美国科技公司实施临时禁令。如果这样的领

土协议变得更加普遍，我们所知道的全球互联互联网将更像一些人所说的“分裂互联网〃，

或不同互联网的集合，其界限由国家或地区边界决定）〃可知，社交媒体平台Facebook暂时

决定阻止澳大利亚用户分享新的链接，Splinternet与之相关。应选A。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据Mansplaining局部中“一Youmustfollowmyinstructionstocompletethe

project.Don'tyoueverscrewup.—Stopmansplaining,OK?I'mfarmoreexperiencedthan

you.（——你必须按照我的指示完成这个工程。千万别搞砸了。一一停止好为人师好吗？我

比你经验丰富多了）〃可知，孟子说过“人之患在好为人师〃与C选项“Mansplaining"意思

是一样的。应选C。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章标题“Buzzwords（流行词汇）〃以及文章主要介绍了一些如今流行

流行词汇的含义，可推知，文章可能来自？青少年空间杂志?的“前景〃专栏。应选B。

B

OnherthirdChristmas,mydaughterJilliandidn'thavetheenergyforopeningpresents.At

23-months,shehadbeendiagnosedwithneuroblastoma,anaggressivetumor.Ididn'tknowhow

challengingtheholidayscouldbecomeuntilJilliandied.Beingsorrowfulbecamemyfull-timejob

inthefollowingdays.Thepainwasawildfireinmychestandnothingcouldputitout.

AweekbeforethefourthChristmas,TomandIboughtathree-footplantthatslightly

resembledaChristmastree.MyadultnephewFrankiecamealong.Wewerebusydecoratingthe

treeandFrankiereachedintoaChristmasdecorationboxandpulledoutatoyangelwithawhite

gownthatmyaunthadcraftedyearsbefore.Asheliftedtheangel,herhairfelloutinonebigbunch,

justlikeJillian's.

Weburstintolaughter.Inbetweengasps,Frankielookedupwiththeangelinhandandsaid,

“Hi,Jillian."Tomemergedfromthebedroomandsawourtree,"It'ssmall,baldandbeautiful!Just

likeJilly-boo.Ilikeit.〃

ImovedclosertoTomandheputhisarmaroundmyshoulder.Lookingattheangel,Iknewit

wouldhelpusthroughtheholidays.Likeus,itwassadandpitiful,butfullofbeautifulmemoriesof

Jillian.

“Dosomethingnew."saidaministerwhoranasupportgroupIwentto.It'sasifyoumust

createanewspaceinyourhearttokeepitbeating,despitethebleedinghole.

TomandIwereeventuallyabletoexperiencethewonderofafour-year-oldatChristmas.On

theone-yearanniversaryofJillian'sdeath,IdiscoveredIwaspregnant.Ourseconddaughter,

Cadence,broughtusbacktojoyandhope.Cadenceisninenow,andhopingSantawillbringhera

dogthisyear.ElevenyearsafterJillian'sdeath,ChristmasisalmostChristmasagain.

4.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutherselfafterJillian^death?

AShewentonherlifeasusual.B.Shewasdrownedintears.

CShedecidedtostartanewlife.D.Shequitherfull-timejob.

5.Whatcanweinferaboutthetoyangel?

A.Itwasabeautifuldecoration.B.ItwasagiftfromJillian.

CItwasarelieftotheauthor.D.Itwasasymbolofstrength.

6Whatdoestheauthormeanby"ChristmasisalmostChristmasagain”?

AHerfamilycanreuniteagain.B.Shehasbeenoutofsadness.

CSantawillbringthemgifts.D.Shehasanotherdaughter.

7Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

AMother'sloveisforeverstrong.B.Oneshoulddependonhimself.

CFamilyiseverythingforpeople.D.Lifegoesondespitemisfortunes.

【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.D

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的女儿川lian去世后，作者每天沉浸在悲伤中，

圣诞节也变得非常难熬，在丈夫的陪伴和他人的支持下，作者开始做一些新的事情，直到一

年后作者怀上了二女儿，逐渐从悲哀中走出来的故事。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“Ididn'tknowhowchallengingtheholidayscouldbecomeuntil

Jilliandied.Beingsorrowfulbecamemyfull-timejobinthefollowingdays.Thepainwasawildfire

inmychestandnothingcouldputitout.（直到Jillian去世，我才知道这个节日会变得多么具有

挑战性。在接下来的日子里，悲伤成了我的全职工作。疼痛像野火一样在我的胸口燃烧，没

有什么能把它扑灭）"可知，作者每天被失去女儿的痛苦包围和折磨，沉浸在悲伤中。应选

Bo

【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段中uLookingattheangel,Iknewitwouldhelpusthroughtheholidays.

Likeus,itwassadandpitiful,butfullofbeautifulmemoriesofJillian.（看着这个天使，我知道它

能帮我们度过假期。和我们一样，悲伤和可怜，但却充满了对吉莉安美好的回忆）〃可推断，

玩具小天使给作者带来了抚慰。应选C。

【6题详解】

句意猜想题。根据最后一段中“Ontheone-yearanniversaryofJillian'sdeath,IdiscoveredIwas

pregnant.Ourseconddaughter,Cadence,broughtusbacktojoyandhope.Cadenceisninenow,and

hopingSantawillbringheradogthisyear.ElevenyearsafterJillian'sdeath,Christmasisalmost

Christmasagain.（在Jillian去世一周年的时候，我发现自己怀孕了。我们的二女儿Cadence,

给我们带来了欢乐和希望。Cadence现在九岁了，希望圣诞老人今年能送她一只狗。Jillian

去世11年后，圣诞节又快到了）〃可推知，作者再次怀孕有了第二个女儿Cadence,重新获

得了快乐和希望，所以ChristmasisalmostChristmasagain,z这句话的意思是作者已经走出

了悲伤，圣诞节在他们心中又恢复了往日的涵义。应选B。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ontheone-yearanniversaryofJillian'sdeath,IdiscoveredIwas

pregnant.Ourseconddaughter,Cadence,broughtusbacktojoyandhope.Cadenceisninenow,and

hopingSantawillbringheradogthisyear.ElevenyearsafterJillian'sdeath,Christmasisalmost

Christmasagain.（在Jillian去世一周年的时候，我发现自己怀孕了。我们的二女儿Cadence,

给我们带来了欢乐和希望。Cadence现在九岁了，希望圣诞老人今年能送她一只狗。Jillian

去世11年后，圣诞节又快到了）〃结合文章讲述了作者的女儿Jillian去世后，作者每天沉浸

在悲伤中，圣诞节也变得非常难熬，在丈夫的陪伴和他人的支持下，作者开始做一些新的事

情，直到一年后作者怀上了二女儿，逐渐从悲哀中走出来的故事。由此可知，这故事告诉我

们：生活中虽然会遇到不幸，但是生活依然还要继续，必须从悲哀中走出来。应选D。

C

Magicisaformofentertainmentthatisbasedonpretendingtodothingsthatareimpossible.

Themagicianisaspeciallytrainedactor.Hetriestomaketheaudiencebelievethathehasthepower

todothingswhichareagainstthelawsofnature.

Magicshowsareentertainingaslongastheaudiencedoesnotdiscoverhowthetricksaredone.

Themagicianusuallydependsonhisskillwithhishands,onhisknowledgeofpsychology,and,

sometimes,onmechanicaldevices（机械装置）.Sincemagicperformanceismeanttotrickpeople,

theuseofpsychologyisimportant.Themagicianmustkeeppeoplefromnoticingallthe

movementsofhishandsandfromthinkingaboutthesecretpartsofhisequipment.Hemustalso

leadtheaudiencetodrawfalseconclusions.Themagician'ssuccessdependsonthefactthatmany

thingsseenbytheeyearenotthethingsthatmatter.

Twobasicmagictricksaremakingobjectsseemtoappearandmakingobjectsseemto

disappear.Acombinationofthesetwotricksmakesforsomeinterestingeffects.Forexample,the

magicianputsasmallballunderoneofseveralcups.Theballthenseemstojumpfromonecupto

anotherortochangecolour.Whatactuallyhappensisthatthemagician,employingquickhand

movementsoramechanicaldevice,hidesoneball.Whiledoingthishetalkstotheaudienceand

wavesabrightlycolouredclothwithonehand.Theaudienceistoobusywatchingtheclothand

listeningtothemagician'swordstonoticethathisotherhandishidingtheball.

Anotherfavouritetrickistocutorburnsomething,andthenmakeitappearwholeagain.What

actuallyhappensisthatthemagicianmakesthecutorburnedobjectdisappearbyquicklyhidingit

whiletheaudiencewatchessomethingelse.Thenhe"magically"makesitappearwholeagainby

displaying（展示）anotherobjectthathasnotbeencutorburned.

8.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Topromoteamagicshow.B.Toteachpeopletobemagicians.

C.Toexplaintheartofmagic.D.Topraisethetalentsofmagicians.

9.Whichofthefollowingisimportantforasuccessfulmagictrick?

A.Movingstageequipment.B.Directingtheaudience'sattention.

CApplyinghightechnology.D.Keepingtheperformanceinsecret.

10.Whatdoestheauthorfocusoninthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Providingexamples.B.Makingasummary.

C.Drawingcomparisons.D.Explainingaconcept.

11.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

A.Mechanicaldevicesareexpensive.B.Mostmagiciansemployassistants.

C.Ittakespracticetoperformmagic.I）.Smallobjectsaremagicians1

favourite.

【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.C

【解析】

【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一些魔术师表演的细节以及有关魔术的小技巧。

【8题详解】

目的意图题。通过对文章主旨大意的理解以及文章最后两端讲述的魔术技巧，可知作者写这

篇文章的主要目的是解释魔法的艺术。应选C项。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。通过第二段“theuseofpsychologyisimportant.（心理学的应用是很重要的）"

以及“Themagicianmustkeeppeoplefromnoticingallthemovementsofhishandsandfrom

thinkingaboutthesecretpartsofhisequipment.（魔术师必须防止人们注意到他的手的所有动

作和思考他的设备的秘密局部。）"可知，作者强调对于观众注意力的引导是很重要。应选

B项。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。通过倒数第二段“Forexamplethemagicianputsasmallballunderoneofseveral

cups.Theballthenseemstojumpfromonecuptoanotherortochangecolour.（例如,魔术师把——

个小球放在几个杯子中的一个下面。然后球似乎从一个杯子跳到另一个杯子或改变颜色）〃

以及最后一段“Whatactuallyhappensisthatthemagicianmakesthecutorburnedobject

disappearbyquicklyhidingitwhiletheaudiencewatchessomethingelse.（实际发生的是，魔术师

通过在观众观看其他东西时迅速隐藏它，使被切割或烧毁的物体消失）〃可以推知，在文章

最后两段中，作者举了两个例子。应选A项。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。通过文章第一段“Themagicianisaspeciallytrainedactor.（魔术师是受过专门训

练的演员）〃可推知，表演魔术需要练习。应选C项。

D

Popularizationhasinsomecaseschangedtheoriginalmeaningofemotional（情感的）

intelligence.Manypeoplenowmisunderstandemotionalintelligenceasalmosteverythingdesirable

inaperson'smakeupthatcannotbemeasuredbyanIQtest,suchascharacter,motivation,

confidence,mentalstability,optimismand"peopleskills/'Researchhasshownthatemotional

skillsmaycontributetosomeofthesequalities,butmostofthemmovefarbeyondskill-based

emotionalintelligence.

Weprefertodescribeemotionalintelligenceasaspecificsetofskillsthatcanbeusedforeither

goodorbadpurposes.Theabilitytoaccuratelyunderstandhowothersarefeelingmaybeusedbya

doctortofindhowbesttohelpherpatients,whileacheatermightuseittocontrolpotentialvictims.

Beingemotionallyintelligentdoesnotnecessarilymakeoneamoralperson.

Althoughpopularbeliefsregardingemotionalintelligencerunfaraheadofwhatresearchcan

reasonablysupport,theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmorebeneficialthanharmful.The

mostpositiveaspectofthispopularizationisanewandmuchneededemphasis（重视）onemotion

byemployers,educatorsandothersinterestedinpromotingsocialwell-being.Thepopularizationof

emotionalintelligencehashelpedboththepublicandresearchersre-evaluatethefunctionalityof

emotionsandhowtheyservepeopleadaptivelyineverydaylife.

Althoughthecontinuingpopularappealofemotionalintelligenceisdesirable,wehopethat

suchattentionwillexciteagreaterinterestinthescientificandscholarlystudyofemotion.Itisour

hopethatincomingdecades,advancesinsciencewilloffernewperspectives（视角）fromwhichto

studyhowpeoplemanagetheirlives.Emotionalintelligence,withitsfocusonbothheadandheart,

mayservetopointusintherightdirection.

12.Whatisacommonmisunderstandingofemotionalintelligence?

A.ItcanbemeasuredbyanIQtest.B.Ithelpstoexerciseaperson'smind.

C.Itincludesasetofemotionalskills.D.Itreferstoaperson'spositive

qualities.

13.Whydoestheauthormention“doctor"and"cheater"inparagraph2?

A.Toexplainarule.B.Toclarifyaconcept.

C.Topresentafact.D.Tomakeaprediction.

14.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothepopularizationofemotionalintelligence?

A.Favorable.B.Intolerant.

C.Doubtful.D.Unclear.

15.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkaboutconcerningemotionalintelligence?

A.Itsappealtothepublic.B.Expectationsforfuturestudies.

C.Itspracticalapplication.D.Scientistswithnewperspectives.

【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.B

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了情商的定义以及对有关于情商未来研究的期望。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。通过文章第一段aResearchhasshownthatemotionalskillsmaycontributetosome

ofthesequalities（研究说明，情商技巧可能有助于这些品质的形成）"可知，情商指的并不是

一个人的积极品质。应选D项。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。通过文章第二段"Theabilitytoaccuratelyunderstandhowothersarefeelingmay

beusedbyadoctortofindhowbesttohelpherpatients,whileacheatermightuseittocontrol

potentialvictims.（医生可能利用这种准确理解他人感受的能力来找到最好的帮助病人的方

法，而骗子可能利用这种能力来控制潜在的受害者）"可推知，作者在文章第二段中提到“医

生"和“骗子”是举例子来说明下文的观点——情商高并不一定能使一个人成为有道德的

人。应选B项。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。通过文章第三段"theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmorebeneficialthan

harmful....Thepopularizationofemotionalintelligencehashelpedboththepublicandresearchers

（宣传的总体效果一直是利大于弊。这种普及最积极的方面是雇主、教育者和其他对促进社

会福利感兴趣的人对情感进行了新的、迫切需要的强调。情商的普及帮助了公众和研究人

员）"可推知，作者认为情商普及是对人们有利的。应选A项。

【15题详解】

推理判断题。通过文章最后一段"wehopethatsuchattentionwillexciteagreaterinterestinthe

scientificandscholarlystudyofemotion.Itisourhopethatincomingdecades,advancesinscience

willoffernewperspectivesfromwhichtostudyhowpeoplemanagetheirlives.（我们希望这种关

注将激发人们对情感科学和学术研究的更大兴趣。我们希望在未来的几十年里，科学的进步

将为研究人们如何管理自己的生活提供新的视角）"可推知，本段主要谈了对未来关于情商

研究的期望。应选B项。

第二节（共5小题；每题分，总分值分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中

有两项为多余选项。

Wethinkofwinterascoldandfluseason,butthecoldtemperatureshavepowerfulbiological

upsidestoo.

Boostsyourbrain

16.Studieshavefoundthatpeopleperformsomecognitive（认知的）taskslikemaking

decisionsbetterwhenthetemperatureiscooler.Researchhasalsoshownthatpeoplearelesswilling

tohandlecomplextasksinthesummerthaninthewinter.

Burnscalories（卡路里）

Whenit'scold,yourbodyworkshardertokeepyourcoretemperature,whichistypically,

about98.6degrees.MOurbodiesuseaconsiderableamountofenergytokeepuswarmandto

dampentheairwebreathewhenwe'reoutinthecold,''explainsStacyTucker,anexpertfrom

KansasCity.17.Arecentstudyshowedthatparticipantsburned34percentmorecalories

whentheyhikedin14-to23-degreetemperaturesthantheydidhikingon50-degreedays.

Activateshealthyfat

Weknowaccumulatingtoomuchordinaryfator"whitefatncanendangerourhealth.But

adultsalsohavesmallamountsofbeneficial"brownfat"thatcanquickentheirmetabolism（新陈

代谢）andbummorecalories18.

Encouragesbettersleep

Yourbody'scoretemperaturedropswhenyou'retryingtosleep.19butit'smuchfaster

inwinter,saysTucker.Plus,withdarkermornings,younaturallysleeplater.

20

Yes,youmightgetmorecoldsduringthewinter.However,studieshaveshownthatthe

immunesystemcanbeactivatedbycoldertemperatures,whichimprovesourabilitytofight

infections,explainsTucker.Thatsaid,thefluvirusbecomesstrongincold,dryair,andtimespent

indoorsincreasesyourchanceofinfection.Toreducerisk,getyourannualflushot,washyour

handsfrequently,andgooutside.

A.Fightsinfections

B.Sofastenyourboots

C.Suffersfrominfections

D.Coldertemperaturescanhelpyouthinkmoreclearly

E.Andcoldtemperaturescanactivatethisusefulfat

F.Exercisinginthewintermakesheartmusclesstronger

G.Thisprocesscantakeuptotwohoursinthesummer

【答案】16.D17.B

18.E19.G

20.A

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了冬天较低的气温给人体带来的五种生理方面的好处。

【16题详解】

横线后一句"Studieshavefoundthatpeoplepcrfbnnsomecognitive（认知的）taskslikemaking

decisionsbetterwhenthetemperatureiscooler/7告诉我们当温度较低的时候，人们在完成认知

任务的时候，表现会更好。由此可见低温可以帮助我们更加清晰地思考问题。应选择D项。

【17题详解】

横线前句“Ourbodiesuseaconsiderableamountofenergytokeepuswarmandtodampentheair

webreathewhenwe'reoutinthecold，z告诉当天气寒冷时候，我们的身体需要消耗更多的

能量来保暖。所以我们自己要做好保暖措施，选项中只有B项“系紧你的靴子"是我们可以

采取的保暖措施。此题也可以用排除法来解题，其余6句内容与此内容无关。应选B项。

【18题详解】

本段的主题是“Activateshealthyfat”激活健康脂肪。横线前一句"Butadultsalsohavesmall

amountsofbeneficial"brownfat"thatcanquickentheirmetabolism（新陈代谢）andbummore

calories"告诉我们人体内有一些可以加快新陈代谢的脂肪同时燃烧更多的卡路里。较低的

温度恰好可以激活这样的脂肪，故E项正确。

【19题详解】

横线前一句"Yourbody'scoretemperaturedropswhenyou'retryingtosleep.”告诉我们当人们

睡觉的时候，体温会下降。横线句对本句进行解释，G项“夏天这一过程需要两个小时"中

的夏天与横线后句"butit'smuchfasterinwinter"中的冬天形成照应。故G项正确。

【20题详解】

根据本段第二句"However,studieshaveshownthattheimmunesystemcanbeactivatedbycolder

temperatures,whichimprovesourabilitytofightinfections,explainsTucker.，z可知低温可以激

活我们的免疫系统抵抗感染。A项"Fightsinfections"与本段内容一致，应选择A项。

第三局部语言运用（共两节，总分值30分）

第一节（共15小题；每题1分，总分值15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的

最正确选项。

ItwasacoolmomentonahotJulyday.

Six-year-oldAmiyahDantzler-Clayandher5-year-oldbrotherJaydensawapolice

officerinfrontoftheirBaltimorehomeandfiguredhecouldusea22Sotheytook

himanicecream.

PoliceMaj.RichardGibsonwasintheneighborhoodthatdaylookingforwaysto

help23theareaforresidents,twodaysafteramurderoutsideanemptyhouse.

Insteadhewasthebeneficiaryofthekids'24gesture,rollingdownhiswindow

to25therefreshing,icy,grape-flavoricetreat.

“Itwasjustthe26thing.〃hesaid.

“Mypurposeistomaketheirlives27z，Gibsoncontinued."They28inmy

district...Thisgavemesomeaffirmation(肯定)ofwhatmy29iseverymorningwhenIwake

up.

MomEricaDantzlersaiditdidn't30herwhentheyaskediftheycouldbringhim

thecooltreat.Bothkidsare3jaboutfirstresponderswhohavebeenputting

their32onthelineeachdayasessentialworkersduringthepandemic.Amiyahwantsto

becomeapoliceofficerwhenshe33,whileJaydendreamsofbecoming

a(n)34.

“Gooddeedsareespeciallyimportantintryingtimes.Tmvery35thattheydid

suchabeautifulactofkindness/'shesaid.

.A.seatedB.parkedC.standingD.walking

22.A.treatB.smileC.dietD.sale

23.A.cleanB.developC.improveD.estimate

24.A.cleverB.influentialC.interestingD.

thoughtful

25.A.buyB.shiftC.acceptD.refuse

26.A.coldestB.dearestC.cheapestD.sweetest

27.A.richerB.betterC.easierD.warmer

28.A.liveB.workC.travelD.crowd

29.A.purposeB.achievementC.progressD.position

30.A.attractB.pleaseC.surpriseD.frighten

31.A.angryB.excitedC.disappointedD.crazy

32.A.moneyB.healthC.careerD.family

33.A.givesupB.growsupC.risesupD.makes

up

34.A.teacherB.designerC.firefighterD.engineer

35.A.proudB.confidentC.confusedD.

embarrassed

【答案】.B22.A23.C24.D25.C26.D27.B28.A29.A

30.C31.D32.B33.B34.C35.A

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个炎热的夏天，在社区辛苦巡逻，维持秩序的

警察Maj.RichardGibson收到了5、6岁姐弟俩赠送的冰激凌的暖心故事。

【题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：六岁的阿米亚•丹兹勒-克莱和她五岁的弟弟杰登看到一名警察

把车停在他们巴尔的摩的家门前，认为他应该受到款待。A.seated坐着；B.parked停着；

C.standing站着；D.walking走着。根据下文rollingdownhiswindow可知，这个警官是坐在

车里的，他把车停在孩子们的家门前。应选B。

【22题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.treat请客，款待；B.smile微笑；C.diet饮食，食物；D.

sale销售，出售。根据下文“Sotheytookhimanicecream."可知，姐弟俩认为这名警察应

该受到款待，因此他们送给他一个冰激凌。应选A。

【23题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：两天前，在该社区的一所空房子外发生了一起谋杀事件。警察

Maj.RichardGibson正在该社区寻找方法改善该社区的平安状况。A.clean清洁；B.develop

开展；C.improve改善；D.estimate估计，评价。根据下文"twodaysafteramurderoutsidean

emptyhouse"可知，警察寻找方法改善该社区的平安状况。应选C.

【24题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，他是孩子们体贴的举动的受益者，摇下车窗，接