2023年中考英语语法专题复习（2）冠词

学生李文昊教师填写时间2023年7月17日星期一学科英语年级九年级课时统计第（3334）课时教学目标教学知识内容初中英语中考总复习专题冠词个性化学习问题解决通过专题夯实基础、拓展提升教学重点让学生全面了解冠词的基本用法，并能熟练运用教学过程教师活动冠词复习目标能灵活运用冠词冠词用法口诀：泛指用a/an，单数可数；特指用the，不特不the。释：1）泛指用a/an，单数可数——泛指的单数可数名词前要用a/an。2）特指用the——如果是特指，那么无论是可数名词单数、复数或不可数名词前均要用the。3）不特不the——不特指则不用the，包括泛指的可数名词单数前用a/an，泛指的可数名词复数前不用冠词，泛指的不可数名词前也不用冠词三种情况。定冠词：特指双熟悉，上文已提及，世上独一无二，序数最高级，某些专有名，习语及乐器。（1）the用在“特指”谈话双方都知道的某个人或某些人或物前。如：Whereistheteacher？老师在哪里？（2）the用在上文已提到的人或事物前。如：Icanseeacat.ThecatisLucy’s.我能看见一只猫，那只猫是露茜的。（3）the用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球围绕着太阳转。（4）the用在序数词或形容词最高级前。如：Mikeisthetallestofthethreeboys.迈克是三个男孩中最高的一个。（5）the用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。如：thegreatwall（长城），thepeople’spark（人民公园）等。（6）the用在一些习惯用语中或乐器名词前。如：intheday（在白天），playthepiano（弹钢琴）等。不用冠词：代词限定名词前，专有名词不可数，复数名词表泛指，学科球类三餐饭，季节星期月份前，颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。（1）名词前已有作定语用的this,that,these,those,my,your,his,her,our,their,some等限定词时，不用冠词。如：thiseraser,herpencilbox,someboxes,thosewomen等。（2）泛指的不可数名词前一般不用冠词。如：meat,rice,water,bread,tea,milk,juice等。（3）复数名词表示泛指时，不用冠词。如：Thepeopleintheroomaredoctors.房间里的那些人是医生。（4）在表示学科的名词前一般不用冠词。如：Chinese,English,maths,physics,history等。在三餐饭和球类运动名词前一般不加冠词。如：havebreakfast/lunch/supper,playbasketball/football等。（5）在季节、节日、星期、月份前不用冠词。如：autumn,summer,winter,spring,teacher’sday,children’sday,Sunday,February等。（6）在表颜色、语种和国家名词前不用冠词。如：white,brown,French,Australia等。（7）在表示称呼语的名词之前，以及职务、头衔的名词前不用冠词。如：Doctorgreenisascientist.格林博士是位科学家。有水无湖、有球无星、有山无峰、有独无欧（二）、有（足）族无球（运动）、有文无章、学而不专：1）有水无湖：海、洋、海湾、河等，都用the;单个湖不用the,(但多个湖用the);theredsea,thepacificocean,thePersiangulf,theYangtzeriverthegreatlakes(五大湖)；lakeErie(伊利湖)2）有球无星：地球，月亮用the;行星不用the:mars,venus;3）有山无峰：theHuangShanmountains(黄山)；mountEverest(珠穆朗玛峰)；mount(ormt.)tai(泰山).4）有独无欧（偶）：独一无二的，theearth,themoon,thesun用the;欧洲等七大洲不用the.Europe,Africa,Asia,northAmerica,southAmerica,Antarctica,Oceania5）有（足）族无球（运动）：种族用the:theindians(印第安人)；球类运动baseball,basketball6）有文无章：历史性的文件用the;小说等的章节不用thetheconstitution(宪法);chapterone7）学而不专：学校放在词组的前面时用the;专有名词放在词组的前面时不用the;theuniversityofFuDan;FuDanuniversity题组训练一（问题习题化）单项选择()1.LastnightIsaw＿＿＿UFOflyingintheskyandtookpicturesofit.A.aB.anC.theD.不填()2.Timhadtriedtwice,andhisfatheraskshimtohave＿＿＿thirdtry.A.theB.aC.anotherD./()3.Manystudentsinourschoolcanplay________guitar.A.theB.aC.不填()4.LiuChangchunis_________firstChinesetojointheOlympics.A.aB.anC.theD.不填()5.Ithinkit's_________usefuladvice,soIwillalwaysrememberit.A.aB.anC.theD./()6.—Willyougetthereby_______train?—No,I'lltake_______taxi.A./;aB.a;theC./;/D.the;a()7.Iread_____story.Itis_____interestingstory.A.a;anB.a;aC.the;theD./;an()8.Wealwayshave_____ricefor______lunch.A./;/B.the;/C./;aD./;the()9.______trainisfasterthan_______bus.A.A;aB.The;/C.A;theD./;the()10.Januaryis______firstmonthoftheyear.A.aB./C.theD./()11.Einsteinwon______NobelPrizeinPhysicsin1921.A.aB.anC.theD./()12.Ilikemusic,butIdon'tlike______musicofthatTVplay.A.aB.anC.theD./()13.______girloverthereis______Englishteacher.A.The;anB.A;/C.The;/D.A;a()14.Weoftenhavesportsafterclass,andIliketoplay_____basketball.A.aB.anC.theD./()15.Morecollegegraduateswouldliketoworkin____westpartofourcountry___nextyear.A.the;theB./;/C./;theD.the;/()16.Weworkfivedays________week.A.aB.anC.theD./()17.There's_______“u”and_______“s”in______word“use”.A.an;a;theB.a;an;/C.a;a;a,D.a;an;the()18.That's______usefulbook.Ihavereaditalready.A.theB.anC.aD./()19.______Whiteshavemovedtoanewhouse.A.AB.AnC.TheD./()20.Avatarissuch____wonderfulsciencefictionmoviethatIwanttoseeit__secondtime.A.a;aB.a;theC./;theD./;a知识点梳理考点一不定冠词a,an的用法不定冠词通常用于单数可数名词前，a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前，而an则用于以元音音素开头的单词前。1.表示类别，泛指一类人或物。2.表示某人或某物，但不具体说明是何人或何物。3.表示“每一”，相当于every.4.表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。5.两个名词前只用了一个a或an,就表示一个整体或一个人具有两个特征。6.用于固定短语中。考点二定冠词the的用法定冠词the与指示代词this,that,these,those意义相当，用于不可数名词、可数名词单复数前，表示某个或某些定的人或事物。1.表示特指时用定冠词the.2.表示说话双方都知道的人或事。3.指上文已提到的人或事物。4.用于世界上独一无二的事物前。5.用于序数词和形容词最高级前。6.用在某些由普通名词所构成的专有名词形容词前。7.用在乐器名词前。8.用在某些形容词前，表示一类人。9.用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妇俩”。10.用于某些固定搭配中。考点三零冠词的情况1.复数名词或不可数名词表示一般意义而不指具体的人或事物时，不用冠词。2.名词前有this,that,my,your,their,whose,these,some,any,no,each,every等代词时，不用冠词。3.学科﹑球类﹑三餐前不加任何的冠词。4.颜色和具体的语言前不加任何冠词。5.在国名和地名前不用任何的冠词。6.职务﹑称呼语和头衔前不加任何冠词。7.用于一些固定短语中。题组训练二（知识网络化）单项选择()1.Igotthenewson______radio.A./B.aC.anD.the()2.—Whois_____maninablackhat?—It'sJimBrown.Weoftenplay_____basketballtogetherinourfreetime.A.an;aB.a;/C.the;aD.the;/()3.______excitingnews!We'reneverhad_______longvacationbefore.A.What;suchaB.Whatan;suchaC.How;suchaD.What;soa()4.What_______interestinggame!Letmehave______try,OK?A.an;aB.a;anC./;aD.an;/()5.—Whatdoyouthinkofthecartoon?—Oh,itisreally____fantasticone.A.aB.anC.theD./()6.________sadnewsitis!Wemusttryourbesttohelpthemoutoftrouble.A.WhatanB.WhatC.HowanD.How()7.—WhatcanIdoforyou?—Iwant______MP4playerformydaughter.A.aB.anC.theD.不填()8.—Ihearthere’llbe_______talkonteenagerproblemsnextMonday.—Doyoumean________talkourteacheraskedustolistento?A.a;theB.a;aC.the;theD.the;a()9.—WhatwasMarcdoingwhenhismothergothomeyesterday?—Hewasplaying______guitar.A.theB.aC.anD./()10.Look,Simon,______WalkmanthatIboughtlastyearisn'tworkingproperly.A.a B.an C.the D.不填()11.—Didyousee________dogjustnow?—Isit______blackdog?A.the;aB.a;aC.the;不填()12.Heis______kindman.Heoftengivesmoneytocharity.A.a B.an C.the D./()13.—Doyouknow________womaninpinkoverthere?—Yes.Sheis_______officeworkerofLijingHotel.A.a;an B.the;the C.a;the D.the;an()14.Don'ttalktoTomlikethat.Heisonly_______elevenyearoldboy.A.a B.an C.the D.不填()15.—Whydidyoulaughjustnow?—Tedwantedtotellus____veryfunnystory,butheforgot_____endhimself.A./;theB.a;anC.a;theD.the;the题组训练三（与中考链接）一、单项选择【中考预测】()1.Thereis________“s”intheword“six”and______“s”isthefirstletteroftheword.A.a;theB.a;anC.an;theD.a;a()2.—Isit_______Englishdictionary?—Yes,anditis______usefulone.A.a;aB.a;anC.an;aD.an;an()3.—Tina,couldyoupleaseplay_____guitarformewhileI'msinging?—Withpleasure.A.aB.anC.theD./()4.—Whatwouldyoulikefor________breakfast,MrScott?—Threepiecesofbreadwith______cupofblacktea,please.A.a;aB./;theC.a;theD./;a()5.—Doyouoftenlistento_______radio?—No.InfactIhaven't______radio.A.a;anB./;theC.a;theD.the;a()6.______Nanjingisoneoftheoldestcitieswith_______longhistory.A./;aB./;theC.A;theD./;the()7.Youcan'tsee________sunat________night.A.a;/B.a;TheC.the;/D.the;the()8.—Where's______keytothebox,Jim?—It'sinmybag.A.aB.theC./D.an()9.Inordertomakeitclear,Imustgoupto____secondfloorandaskhim____lotofmoney.A.the;aB.the;theC.a;theD.a;a()10.Giveme___booknexttotheTVsetandIalsoneed________pencil.A.a;theB.the;aC.a;a()11.Thisis______songI'vetoldyouabout.Isn'tit_______beautifulone?A.the;aB.the;theC.a;aD.a;the()12.—Whatabout______speech?—Itwastooboring,youknow,_____speechforme.A.a;theB.the;aC.the;/D.a;a()13.—Howdoyoulike________TVplayDaeJangGeum(《大长今》)?—Oh,it's______wonderfulone.It'soneof______bestTVplaysIhaveeverseen.A.a;a;theB.the;the;theC.the;a;/D.the;a;the()14.Inhisfreetime,heoftenplays_____guitarand_____football.A.a;aB./;aC.a;theD.the;/()15.Thefirstletteris___“u”intheword“useful”.Weoftensay“_________usefulbook”.A.a;aB./;aC./;anD.an;an【中考链接】()16.－Doyouknow_____boyoverthere?－Yes,helikesplaying_____basketballverymuch.A.the;不填B.a;theC.a;不填()17.－Whatdoyouknowaboutkitesurfing?－Itis_____excitingwatersport.A.aB.anC.the()18.－Doesyourfathergotoworkby_____careveryday?－No,hesometimestakes_____bus.A.A;theB.the;aC.不填;a()19.SomesmallshopsinBritainusuallyclosefor_____hourat_____lunchtime.A.an;theB.a;不填C.an;不填()20.Readingcanmakeyoubee_____expertandchangeyourlife.A.aB.anC.the()21.－Icanplay_____piano.－Wow,you’resogreat.A.aB.an()22.—Doyouoftenplay_____piano?—Yes.Iwanttobe____musicianlikeLangLang.A.the;aB.a;theC.the;an()23.－Haveyouseen_____filmwherearewegoing,Daddy?－Yes,it’squite_____interestingfilmsothatIhaveseenittwice.A.a;theB.the;anC.a;an()24.Danny’sgrandmotherisillin_____hospital.He’11gotheretoseeherafterschool.A.anB.theC../()25.TheWhiteshaveplannedtovisit_____GreatwallinChina.A.theB.an()26.－Haveyouseen_____filmWhereAreWeGoing,Dad?－Yes.It’s____interestingfilm.A.a;theB.the;anC.a;an()27.Hisunclewillgivehim_____birthdaypresent.It’llbewonderful.A.aB.an()28.Thereis_____goodrestaurantnearthatquietlake.A.aB.an()29.Manypeoplegaveawaymoneyto_____pooraftertheearthquakeinNepal.A.theB.a二、在需要的地方填入适当的冠词，不需要的地方填“/” (1)______friendofmine,SandyMilton,wantedtobee(2)_____dancerwhenshewas(3)_____littlegirl.Everymorningbefore(4)______schoolsheusedtopracticein(5)______livingroomat(6)_____home.Dancersneed(7)_____lotof(8)______exercise,soSandyusedtogoto(9)______gymtwoorthreetimes(10)_____week.In(11)_____endshegot(12)_____jobin(13)______theaterpanyandbecause(14)______actress.In(15)_____fact,(16)______lastweekIsawherin(17)______programon(18)______TV.中考题归纳测试得分：考后总结：第II部分语法精讲条件状语从句例句观摩1.

If

peopleobeythetrafficrules,therewillbefeweraccidents.2.

If

werideatnight,weshouldhavelightsonthebicycleorwearlightcoloredclothes.3.

If

webreakthetrafficrules,wemay,getafineandevenbeindanger.请你根据我们前面所学的状语从句的知识,说说上述句子是什么从句;仔细观察从句用的是什么时态，表示的是什么时候的动作。可以导条件状语从句的从属连词有很多，例如if(假如，如果)，unless(除非），suppose(倘若),aslongas(只要)等。我们现在主要学习由if和unless引导的条件状语从句。如:Ifitdoesn'traintomorrow,wearegoingtotheGreatWall.

如果明天不下雨，我们就去长城。Ifyouaretired,youmaygotobed.

你如果累了，就去睡觉。Hewon'tbeabletocatchupwithusunlessherunsfaster.

他不可能赶上我们，除非他跑得更快此。He'llgothereunlessitrains.

如果不下雨，他就会去那儿。温馨提示1.if引导的状语从句经常可以和unless引导的状语从句互相转换。如:He'llgothereifitdoesn'train.

=He'llgothereunlessitrains.2.和部分时间状语从句一样，在条件状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时表示将来。如:Ifeveryone

obeys

thetrafficrules,theroads

willbe

safer.1.Yourdreamwillnotetrue_____youkeeptryingyourbest.

A.whenB.unless

C.whether

D.because[解析]B

句意为“你的梦想不会实现，除非你一直努力。”unless意为“除非”，引导条件状语从句。故选B。2.We'llachieveourdreamssomeday_____wekeeptryingandnevergiveup.

A.aslongas

B.eventhoughC.sothat[解析]A

考查连词。aslon