广东省湛江市2023届高三下学期二模考试英语试卷

广东省湛江市2023届高三下学期二模考试英语试卷一、阅读理解阅读理解Weofferartandperformingclassestochildren,teensandadults.Ourclassesarelistedonourwebsitewithdirectlinkstoregister.RegistrationforourclassesbeginsonMay25th.OurClassesWeteachafter-schoolprograms,privateandsemi-privateartclasses.Summer.MarchBreakandChristmasDaycampsareavailableaswell.Checkoutouronlineclasses.Joinourartclassesanddevelopyourskillsandcreativityinpainting,printmakingdraw-ing-architecture,sculpture,fabricart,moviemaking,scriptwriting,poetryconfidencebuildingskillsandmore.Newprogramsarealwaysbeingdevelopedandarerarelyrepeated.WhatElseWeDoWeofferfunandexcitingperformanceclassesinourhomebase.OurhomebaseisabeautifulstudiodesignedbyanarchitectaswellasourtwostudiosbytheseainAmbleside.Weprovideacreativesettingforahandonartandactingexperiencethroughclassesandworkshops.Specializedarteducationdevelopsengaged,confident,well-roundedandcreativechil-dren.Artisticactivitiestrainthebraintothinkspatially(空间地),solveproblemscreativelyandsupportdevelopmentinothersubjects.Ourelementaryschoolprogramsbringexcitingopportunítiesforstudentstoexploretechniquesandmaterialsthatareoftenbeyondschools'artclassroomresources.WhereWeOfferClassesForparentslookingfortheconvenienceofextracurricularopportunitiesfortheirchildren,theycanhaveexperiencebybringingourclassestotheirlocalschoolwithachoiceoflunchtimeandafter-schoolclasses.Weloveourgroupofmobileschoolswiththeirgreatlysupportivevolunteers!Oryoucanhaveuscometoyouforprivateclasses!1．Howcanthereadersregistertheclass?A．Bytelephone. B．Bywebsite.C．Bytelegraph. D．Bymobileapp.2．WhatcanstudentslearninthestudiosbytheseainAmbleside?A．Performance. B．Architecture. C．Dancing. D．Painting3．Whatcanweknowabouttheclassfromthelastparagraph?A．Mostparentswantextraclassesfortheirchildren.B．Studentscanhaveclassesintheirlocalschools.C．Volunteersinthetrainingofferlunchtostudents.D．Studentscanchooseanyplacetoattendthetraining.阅读理解Ilookforwardtomyhalfhourtrainridetoworkeverymorning.Icanlookoutofthewindowasittwistsandturnsitselfthroughneighborhoodswiththesuncastingitsstronglightingonthefloorofthetraincar.Isometimesgetlostinthoughtwhilefollowingthelight.ButthereasonIlovethisrideisthatit'sareminderofhowneighborhoodscanchangefromblocktoblock.ForalmostayearnowIhavebeenridingthistrainasIheadintotheofficewhereIworkasareporterforalocalmagazine.Iamoneof13journalistswhohelpreportcommunitynewsinareasthatareoftenforgotten.Andforme,thatmeanscoveringareasliketheoneIgrewupin.Lastweek,asIwasonthewaytomyoffice,Istartedwonderinghowneighborhoodshavechangedsincethe2008housingcrisis.Isearchedaddressesonthecity'ssouthwestside,aneighborhoodthathasseenasignificantnumberofresidentialhomespulleddown,Iscannedthestreetviewsrecordedonmyphoneandsawhowtheneighborhoodlookedin2007.ThenIsetouttovisitthecityblock,andthat'swhenImet3-year-oldHarmony.HarmonylovedcollectingrocksformetoholdasIwalkeddownthestreetwithhermother,Marquita.Ialreadyknewwhattheneighborhoodlookedlikeinthepast,butMarquitasharedmoredetailsofthepeoplewhooncelivedonherblock,whowerereallyfriendlytoeachother.However,peopletodayintheneighborhoodarebusywithlifeandseldomsayhellotoeachother.Marquitahaslivedonthisblockherentirelife,andHarmonyhasformostofhershortlifeaswell.ButtheneighborhoodthatMarquitagrewupinwillbeoneobviouslydifferentthantheoneHarmonywillgrowtoknow.Intheend,theysmiledatmycamera.AndthenIgotbackonthetrainandheaded'backtotheofficetotelltheirstories.4．Whatmakestheauthorlovehistrainridetowork?A．Beinglostinthought. B．Admiringtheoutsideviews.C．Enjoyingthewarmsunshine. D．Knowingthechangeofblocks.5．Howdidtheauthorfindoutwhatthecity'ssouthwestsidelookedlikeinthepast?A．Byreadingearlierreports. B．Byinterviewinglocalpeople.C．Bywatchingpaststreetviews. D．Bysearchinghismemories.6．HowmightMarquitafeelwhenshetalkedwiththeauthor?A．Sad. B．Nervous. C．Touched. D．Confused.7．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Toshareapleasanttrainridewithus.B．Totellustheworkofanewsreporter.C．Toshowusacrowdedcommunity.D．Tointroduceanewneighborhood.阅读理解AsyouwalkaroundtheUKinMarch,youmightnoticethatsomepeoplearewearingadaffodil(水仙花)ontheircoats.TheBritishweartheseyellowflowerstoshowtheysupportoneofthiscountry'sbest-knowncharities:theMarieCurieCancerCare.TheMarieCurieCancerCaretriestoensureeveryonediagnosedwithcanceriscaredforinthebestpossibleway.Italsohelpsfundresearchintopossiblecuresthroughotherorganizations.Foundedin1948,ithasbeencontinuingwithitsgoaleversince.ThecharitywasnamedafterMarieCurie,arenownedscientist.Sheexperimentedwithnewly-discoveredelementstocreatethetheoryofradioactivity.Unfortunately,over-exposuretotheradioactiveelementsmadeherdevelopadiseaseanddiein1934.MarieCuriewontheNobelPrizeintwodifferentfields.Becauseofherpioneeringworkwhichledtochemotherapy(化学疗法),thecharitysharedthenameofMarieCurie.ThedaffodilisoneofthefirstplantstoflowerduringspringintheUK,whichmarksthereturnoffloweringplantstotheecosystemafterwinter.Becauseofthis,thecharityusesthedaffodilasametaphorforbringinglifetootherpeoplethroughcharitablegiving.Everyoneyouseewearingadaffodilhasdonatedmoneytothecharity,buteachdaffodilisworthonlywhatyouwanttopayforit.Thecharitydoesaskthatyousticktoaminimumamountof£1.ThecharityencouragespeopletostartwearingtheirdaffodilsatthestartofMarch,whenthe"GreatDaffodilAppeal"kicksoff.Butthatdoesn'tmeanyoucanonlyweartheminMarch.Peoplearesometimesseenwalkingaroundwithdaffodilsontheirclothesallyearround.8．WhatdoesitmeanwhentheBritishwearadaffodilontheircoats?A．Theysupportacharity.B．Theyarerecoveringfromcancer.C．They'vebeenhelpedbyacharity.D．They'vebeendiagnosedwithcancer.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"renowned"inparagraph3mean?A．Beautiful. B．Modest. C．Famous. D．Humorous.10．WhywasthecharitynamedafterMarieCurie?A．Becausepatientsrequiredthat.B．Becauseitwaslaunchedbyher.C．Becauseshegreatlysupportedit.D．Becauseitcouldshowrespectforher.11．Whatcanwelearnaboutthedaffodilfromthetext?A．Itcanbeusedasmedicine.B．It'sthoughttostandforhope.C．It'swidelywornworldwide.D．It'ssoldtothewearersatahighprice.阅读理解Sulphur-crestedcockatoos(葵花凤头鹦鹉)arecommoninwesternAustralia,wheretheynormallyliveinwoodedareas.Butasforestshavebeencutdown,cockatooshavegottenusedtolivingnearpeople.ScientistsreportthatpeopleinSydney,Australiaareinabattlewiththesebirds.Lastyear,scientistsattheMaxPlanckInstitutereportedthatthecockatooshadlearnedhowtoopenthecoversoftrashbins.That'snotaneasyjob.Thecockatoosmustlifttheheavycoverwiththeirbeaks(喙)andthenwalkalong,pushingthecoverupuntilitfallsover.Whenscientistsfirstbeganstudyingthecockatoosin2018,onlythreeareasnearSydneyhadcover-openingcockatoos.Ayearandahalflater,cockatoosin44differentareasknewthetrick.Thistimethescientistsweren'tjuststudyingcockatoos.Theywerealsostudyinghumans.Thescientistsspentweeksstudyingmorethan3,200trashbinsinfourdifferentareasofSydney.Theywantedtoseehowmanybinswereprotectedandwhatmethodswereused.Inonearea,overhalfthebinswereprotected.Themostcommonwayofprotectingthebinswastoputabrickorsomeotherheavyobjectsonthecover.Somepeopleputthingslikerubbersnakesonthetopoftheirbins.Thescientistsdiscoveredthatthehumanswereteachingeachothertricks,too.Inmostneighborhoods,manypeopleusedthesamecockatoo-stoppingmethodsastheirneighbors.Theresearcherssayit'slikearacebetweenhumansandcockatoostolearnnewwaysofdoingthings.Nowmanycockatooshavelearnedhowtopushheavyitemsoffthebins.Asaresult,humanshavefiguredoutwaystoattachtheitemstothetopoftheirbins.Thescientistsdescribethesituationasa"human-wildlifeconflict".Theyexpecttheseconflictswillbecomemorecommonashumanstakeovermoreareasthatusedtobewild.12．Whatcanweinferaboutthecockatoosfromthetext?A．Theylikecopyinghumans'behavior.B．TheyarenewlyfoundinAustralia.C．Theydon'tlikelivingwithpeople.D．Theyareverycleverbirds.13．Whatdidthescientistswanttoknowinparagraph4?A．Howthecockatooslearnedthetrick.B．Whythebirdsinmoreareasdidthetrick.C．Howhumansrespondedtothebirds'trick.D．Whyhumanstaughtthebirdstodothetrick.14．Whatdidtheresearchersfindaboutcockatoosintheirresearch?A．Theywantedtheirhabitatback.B．Theyintendedtomakehumansangry.C．Theycouldadoptnewwaystoopenbins.D．Theydislikedlookingforfoodthemselves.15．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．AbattleovertrashbinsbetweencockatoosandhumansB．Ahuman-wildlifeconflictalloverAustraliaC．AproblemcausedbycockatoostohumansD．Abigproblemof"homeless"cockatoos二、七选五七选五Manypeopledescribevolunteeringasmerelyanunpaidjobwhereyouputintheeffortandgetnothinginreturn.16．Actually,volunteeringhasmanybenefitsandyouarealwaysencouragedtovolunteeryourtimetodowhatyouarepassionateabout.17．Volunteeringtimetoenrichyourcommunityisagreatwaytobroadenyourperceptionsoftheworld.Itwillenrichyourlife,familiarizeyouwithyourcommunity,andconnectyoutopeopleandideasthatwillpositivelyimpactyourperspectivefortherestofyourlife.Andbysurroundingyourselfwithpeoplewhoarededicatedtomakingtheworldbetter,youcanlearnsomuchabouthowtheworldworks.Itisstatisticallyproventhatpeoplewhovolunteerregularlyarehealthierbothphysicallyandmentally.Individualswhohavevolunteeredthroughouttheirlifetimetypicallylivelongerandhavebetterpsychologicalwell-being.Inadditiontothehealthbenefits,volunteeringgivespeopleauniquesenseofpurposebyservingthosearoundthem.18．Besides,workingalongsideindividualswhoalsocareaboutimprovingtheirsurroundingswillallowyoutobroadenyournetworkoffriends.19．Additionally,itwillhelpyoubetterunderstandthecircumstancesofothermembers.Whetheryou'repassionateaboutanimalrightsorhelpingthehomeless,youcanfindavaluablewaytodonateyourtime.20．Theycanbeagreatplacetofindopportunitiestogivebacktotheplaceyoucallhome.Besides,youcancheckwebsiteslikeVolunteerMatchorIdealistforvolunteeropportunitiesthatfityourinterestsandabilities.A.However,itisnottruetoacertainextent.B.Howcanyougetinvolvedinyourcommunity?C.Manytownsandcitieshavecommunitycenters.D.Whyisitimportantforyoutovolunteeryourtime?E.Volunteeringmayevenhelpyoudeveloptheexperuise.F.You'llhavemoreopportunitiestomeetlotsofnewpeople.G.Thesenseofgivingbackandcontributingtosocietyisunequalled.三、完形填空完形填空Dadisaretiredpatrol(巡逻)officer.Inhisprecinct(警区)livedaninfamousfamily,whichconsistedofa21．singlemotherandherfoursons.Thethreeoldersonswereall22．incrime.Manyofthepatrolofficersknewthemomand23．sheknewthem.Shewasalwaysvery24．whenquestionedabouthersons'whercabouts(行踪).Ononevisit,mydad25．aconversation.Duringtheirtalk,sheexpressedher26．inregardtoheryoungestboy.Shefeltpowerlessin27．himtothestraightandnarrow.Buttheenvironmentwouldnotallowit.Mydadagreedtooffertheonly28．hecouldthinkofonthespot.Heaskedthecon-cernedmotherifshewouldallowheryoungestboytospendthesummeratourhouse.Itwouldbe29．fortheboytoseeanothersideoffamilylifewhichhehadneverbeen30．to.Althoughwemusthaveseemedveryunfamiliartohim,hehadnotrouble31．.Thewholeneighborhoodwelcomedhimandhelovedthe32．.Attheendofsummer,here-turnedtohismother.I33．abouthimseveralyearslater.Dadtoldmethataftergoingback,theyoungestsondecidedtogotonightschoolforaccounting.Heeventually34．anofficejob.Hewastheonlysoninthatfamilywhodidnotbecomea(n)35．.21．A．struggling B．demanding C．rewarding D．tiring22．A．seated B．dressed C．involved D．disappointed23．A．inperson B．inturn C．inaddition D．incontrast24．A．hesitant B．energetic C．guilty D．cooperative25．A．struckup B．insistedon C．keptup D．brokeinto26．A．appreciation B．concern C．belief D．potential27．A．driving B．transporting C．referring D．guiding28．A．job B．experience C．solution D．excuse29．A．convenient B．beneficial C．efficient D．flexible30．A．entitled B．glued C．exposed D．compared31．A．fittingin B．makingup C．reactingto D．caringabout32．A．patience B．attitude C．decision D．attention33．A．inquired B．argued C．brought D．bothered34．A．created B．landed C．dismissed D．maintained35．A．accountant B．officer C．criminal D．neighbour四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Unlessyou'reactuallyinsales,theveryconceptofsellingyourselfduringajobintervicwcanbefrightening.Youdon'twanttosoundarrogant(傲慢的),orworse,desperate.Butlearninghowtobeaself-promoterin36．convincingmanneriswhatthejobinterviewisallabout.Thefollowingtipscanhelpyouclosethesaleonajoboffer.Dress37．(appropriate).Manyhiringmanagerswillformtheirfirstimpressionofyou38．(base)onwhatyou'rewearing.Therightinterviewclothing39．(depend)onthecompanyyouareapplyingforandthecultureofthe40．(organize).Askuniquequestions.Thesecretofdistinguishingyourself41．otherjobcandidatesissimple:Askgoodquestions42．arevaluabletothecompany.Thesepointed,yetuncommonquestionsmarkyouasanin-depth,curious,persistentresearcher.Preparemeaningfulanecdotes(轶事).Nomatter43．industryyou'rein,youcanexpect44．(ask)behavioraljobinterviewquestions.Normally,thesequestionsrequireyoutocomeupwithexamplesfromyourpastworkexperiences.Unfortunately,thisiswherealotofjobseekersstumble(支吾).Tocraftafascinatinganecdote,expertsrecommend45．(use)realfeedbacktohighlightyourcontribution.五、邀请信46．假定你是李华，请给你校外教Anna写一封邮件，邀请她主持下个月的英语演讲比赛，内容包括：1.比赛的地点、时间等；2.她需要做的事。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearAnna,Yours,LiHua六、读后续写47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。OneNewYear'smorning,aswecamedowntobreakfast,withveryshinyfacesandspendyaprons(围裙),wesurprisinglyfoundfatheraloneinthediningroom."HappyNewYear.Papa!WhereisMother?"wecried."Alittleboycamebeggingandsaidtheywerestarvingathome.soyourmotherwenttoseeandah,heresheis."AsPapaspoke,incameMamma,lookingverycold,rathersad,andverymuchexcited.Notfarawayfromhere,liesapoorwomanwithalittlenewbornbaby.Sixchildrenarehud-dled(挤在一起)intoonebedtokeepfromfreezingfortheyhavenofire.Thereisnothingtoeatoverthere,andtheoldestboycameheretotellmetheywerestarvingonthisbitterlycoldday."Mylittlegirls,willyougivcthemyourbreakfast,asaNewYear'sgift?"Wesatsilentaminuteandlookedatthenice,hotporridge(粥),creamymilk,andgoodbreadandbutter;forwewerebroughtuplikeEnglishchildren,andneverdrankteaorcoffee,orateanythingbutporridgeforourbreakfast."Iwishwe'deatenitup,"thoughtIforIwasratheraselfishchild,andveryhungry."MayIgoandhelpcarryittothepoor,littlechildren?"askedBeth,whohadthetende-restheartthateverbeatunderaspendyapron."1cancarrythatlittlepot,"saidlittleMay,proudlygivingthethingshelovedbest."AndIshalltakealltheporridge,"Iburstin,heartilyashamedofmyfirstfeeling."Youshallputonyourthingsandhelpme,andwhenwecomeback,we'llgetsomethingtoeat,"saidMother,beginningtopilethebreadandbutterintoabigbasket.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Weweresoonreadyandsetout.Aswemadeourwaybackhome,Ifeltasenseofwarmthinmyheart.

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．A3．B【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一个提供儿童、青少年和成人艺术和表演课程的地方，并对具体细节进行相关介绍。【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Ourclassesarelistedonourwebsitewithdirectlinkstoregister.”我们的课程在我们的网站上列出，有直接的注册链接。可知，读者可以通过网站注册课程。故选B。2．考查细节理解。根据WhatElseWeDo部分中的“OurhomebaseisabeautifulstudiodesignedbyanarchitectaswellasourtwostudiosbytheseainAmbleside.Weprovideacreativesettingforahandonartandactingexperiencethroughclassesandworkshops.”我们的基地是一个由建筑师设计的美丽的工作室，以及我们在安布尔赛德海边的两个工作室。我们提供一个创造性的环境，通过课程和工作室来体验艺术和表演。可知，学生们在安布尔赛德海边的工作室里能学到的是表演。故选A。3．考查细节理解。根据WhereWeOfferClasses部分中的“Forparentslookingfortheconvenienceofextracurricularopportunitiesfortheirchildren,theycanhaveexperiencebybringingourclassestotheirlocalschoolwithachoiceoflunchtimeandafter-schoolclasses.”对于为孩子寻找方便的课外机会的家长来说，他们可以把我们的课程带到当地的学校，选择午餐时间和课后课程。可知，学生可以在当地的学校上课。故选B。【答案】4．D5．C6．A7．B【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者作为一名新闻工作者的日常所见、所思、所想，以及工作日常。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ButthereasonIlovethisrideisthatit'sareminderofhowneighborhoodscanchangefromblocktoblock.”但我喜欢这段旅程的原因是它提醒了我街区之间是如何变化的。可知，作者喜欢坐火车去上班是因为可以了解街区的变化。故选D。5．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Isearchedaddressesonthecity'ssouthwestside,aneighborhoodthathasseenasignificantnumberofresidentialhomespulleddown,Iscannedthestreetviewsrecordedonmyphoneandsawhowtheneighborhoodlookedin2007.”我搜索了纽约市西南侧的地址，那里有大量住宅被拆除，我浏览了手机上记录的街景，看看这个社区2007年的样子。可知，作者是通过查看过去的街景才发现城市的西南侧在过去是什么样子的。故选C。6．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Ialreadyknewwhattheneighborhoodlookedlikeinthepast,butMarquitasharedmoredetailsofthepeoplewhooncelivedonherblock,whowerereallyfriendlytoeachother.However,peopletodayintheneighborhoodarebusywithlifeandseldomsayhellotoeachother.”我已经知道这个社区过去的样子，但玛姬塔分享了更多曾经住在她那个街区的人的细节，他们彼此都很友好。然而，今天附近的人都忙于生活，很少互相打招呼。可知，现在的街区已与玛姬塔当年生活的样子不同，现在的人很少互相打招呼。可推知，如果玛姬塔与作者交谈，她应该是感到难过的。故选A。7．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“ForalmostayearnowIhavebeenridingthistrainasIheadintotheofficewhereIworkasareporterforalocalmagazine.”近一年来，我一直乘坐这列火车前往我为当地一家杂志工作的办公室；以及最后一段“Intheend,theysmiledatmycamera.AndthenIgotbackonthetrainandheadedbacktotheofficetotelltheirstories.”最后，他们对着我的相机笑了。然后我回到火车上，回到办公室，讲述他们的故事。可推知，本文的主要目的是为了介绍作者作为一名记者的日常工作。故选B。【答案】8．A9．C10．D11．B【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；社会文化类；说明文【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在三月，很多英国人会戴着水仙花，以此来表示他们支持一个慈善机构：玛丽·居里癌症护理中心。作者介绍了该慈善机构，科学家居里夫人以及其成就。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“TheBritishweartheseyellowflowerstoshowtheysupportoneofthiscountry'sbest-knowncharities:theMarieCurieCancerCare.”英国人佩戴这些黄色的花是为了表示他们支持这个国家最著名的慈善机构之一：玛丽·居里癌症护理中心。可知，英国人在外套上戴水仙花代表支持一个慈善机构。故选A。9．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“ThecharitywasnamedafterMarieCurie,”这个慈善机构以居里夫人的名字命名；以及“Becauseofherpioneeringworkwhichledtochemotherapy(化学疗法),thecharitysharedthenameofMarieCurie.”由于她的开创性工作导致了化疗，该慈善机构以玛丽·居里的名字命名。可知，科学家玛丽·居里很出名，画线单词renowned意为“著名的”。故选C。10．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Becauseofherpioneeringworkwhichledtochemotherapy(化学疗法),thecharitysharedthenameofMarieCurie.”由于她的开创性工作导致了化疗，该慈善机构以玛丽·居里的名字命名。可知，该慈善机构以MarieCurie命名是为了对这位伟大的科学家表示尊敬。故选D。11．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Becauseofthis,thecharityusesthedaffodilasametaphorforbringinglifetootherpeoplethroughcharitablegiving.”正因为如此，该慈善机构使用水仙花作为一个隐喻，通过慈善捐赠为他人带来生命。可知，水仙花被认为代表着希望。故选B。【答案】12．D13．C14．C15．A【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，葵花凤头鹦鹉在西澳大利亚很常见，它们通常生活在树木繁茂的地区。但随着森林被砍伐，凤头鹦鹉已经习惯了在人类附近生活。科学家报告说，澳大利亚悉尼的人们正在与这些鸟类展开争夺垃圾箱的战斗。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。12．考查推理判断。根据第二段“Lastyear,scientistsattheMaxPlanckInstitutereportedthatthecockatooshadlearnedhowtoopenthecoversoftrashbins.That'snotaneasyjob.Thecockatoosmustlifttheheavycoverwiththeirbeaks(喙)andthenwalkalong,pushingthecoverupuntilitfallsover.”去年，马克斯普朗克研究所的科学家报告说，凤头鹦鹉已经学会了如何打开垃圾桶的盖子。这不是一件容易的事。凤头鹦鹉必须用喙抬起沉重的覆盖物，然后向前走，把覆盖物往上推，直到它倒下。可知，凤头鹦鹉很聪明。故选D。13．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Thistimethescientistsweren’tjuststudyingcockatoos.Theywerealsostudyinghumans.”这一次科学家们不仅仅是在研究凤头鹦鹉。他们也在研究人类；以及第四段“Thescientistsspentweeksstudyingmorethan3,200trashbinsinfourdifferentareasofSydney.Theywantedtoseehowmanybinswereprotectedandwhatmethodswereused.”科学家们花了数周时间研究了悉尼四个不同地区的3200多个垃圾桶。他们想知道有多少箱子受到了保护，使用了什么方法。可知，第4段中科学家们想知道人类对鸟类的把戏有何反应。故选C。14．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Theresearcherssayit'slikearacebetweenhumansandcockatoostolearnnewwaysofdoingthings.Nowmanycockatooshavelearnedhowtopushheavyitemsoffthebins.”研究人员表示，这就像人类和凤头鹦鹉之间在学习新的做事方式方面的竞赛。现在，许多凤头鹦鹉已经学会了如何把重物从箱子上推下来。可知，研究人员在研究中发现凤头鹦鹉可以采用新的方式打开垃圾箱。故选C。15．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Butasforestshavebeencutdown,cockatooshavegottenusedtolivingnearpeople.ScientistsreportthatpeopleinSydney,Australiaareinabattlewiththesebirds.”但随着森林被砍伐，凤头鹦鹉已经习惯了在人类附近生活。科学家报告说，澳大利亚悉尼的人们正在与这些鸟类作战；以及最后一段“Theresearcherssayit'slikearacebetweenhumansandcockatoostolearnnewwaysofdoingthings.Nowmanycockatooshavelearnedhowtopushheavyitemsoffthebins.Asaresult,humanshavefiguredoutwaystoattachtheitemstothetopoftheirbins.Thescientistsdescribethesituationasa“human-wildlifeconflict”.Theyexpecttheseconflictswillbecomemorecommonashumanstakeovermoreareasthatusedtobewild.”研究人员表示，这就像人类和凤头鹦鹉之间在学习新的做事方式方面的竞赛。现在，许多凤头鹦鹉已经学会了如何把重物从箱子上推下来。因此，人类已经找到了将物品固定在垃圾箱顶部的方法。科学家们将这种情况描述为“人类与野生动物的冲突”。他们预计，随着人类占领更多曾经是荒野的地区，这些冲突将变得更加普遍。可知，文章主要是讲一场凤头鹦鹉和人类争夺垃圾箱的战斗。故选A。【答案】16．A；17．D；18．G；19．F；20．C【知识点】七选五；日常生活类；科普类；记叙文【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些志愿服务的好处。【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇介绍类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前“Manypeopledescribevolunteeringasmerelyanunpaidjobwhereyouputintheeffortandgetnothinginreturn”许多人认为志愿服务只是一项没有报酬的工作，你付出了努力却没有得到任何回报。)”可知，A.However,itisnottruetoacertainextent.“然而，这在一定程度上是不正确的”作为过渡句，表示与上句的转折关系，其中it指代的就是上句提到的内容，且空后“Actually,volunteeringhasmanybenefitsandyouarealwaysencouragedtovolunteeryourtimetodowhatyouarepassionateabout.”事实上，志愿服务有很多好处，你总是被鼓励自愿奉献你的时间去做你感兴趣的事情，也是对A项的进一步解释。故选A。17．根据空后“Volunteeringtimetoenrichyourcommunityisagreatwaytobroadenyourperceptionsoftheworld.Itwillenrichyourlife,familiarizeyouwithyourcommunity,andconnectyoutopeopleandideasthatwillpositivelyimpactyourperspectivefortherestofyourlife.”丰富你社区的志愿服务时间是扩大你对世界认知的好方法。它会丰富你的生活，让你熟悉你的社区，并将你与那些对你的余生产生积极影响的人和想法联系起来。可知，此处是在具体解释志愿服务的好处，这也是对D.Whyisitimportantforyoutovolunteeryourtime?“为什么志愿服务时间对你来说很重要？”问题的回答。故选D。18．根据空前“Inadditiontothehealthbenefits,volunteeringgivespeopleauniquesenseofpurposebyservingthosearoundthem.”除了健康方面的好处，志愿服务还通过为周围的人服务给人们一种独特的使命感。可知，此处的这种独特的使命感指的就是G.Thesenseofgivingbackandcontributingtosocietyisunequalled.“回馈社会和为社会做贡献的感觉是无与伦比的”中的回馈社会和为社会做贡献的感觉，且sense为词义复现。故选G。19．根据空前“Besides,workingalongsideindividualswhoalsocareaboutimprovingtheirsurroundingswillallowyoutobroadenyournetworkoffriends.”此外，和关心改善周围环境的人一起工作，会让你扩大你的朋友圈。可知，扩大朋友圈就是意味着交更多朋友，这与F.You'llhavemoreopportunitiestomeetlotsofnewpeople.“你会有更多的机会认识很多新朋友”内容一致。故选F。20．根据空后“Theycanbeagreatplacetofindopportunitiestogivebacktotheplaceyoucallhome.”他们是一个伟大的地方，你可以找到机会回报你称之为家的地方。可知，此处的They指的就是C.Manytownsandcitieshavecommunitycenters.“许多城镇都有社区中心”中communitycenters，建议人们可以去社区中心开展志愿服务工作，符合上下文语境。故选C。【答案】21．A；22．C；23．B；24．D；25．A；26．B；27．D；28．C；29．B；30．C；31．A；32．D；33．A；34．B；35．C【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的爸爸是退休警察，他的辖区里有一个单身母亲，大点的三个儿子都犯罪，那位母亲害怕小儿子也步哥哥们的后尘，作者的爸爸建议让小儿子到作者的家里过夏天，这改变了这个小儿子，让他成为他家唯一没有成为职业罪犯的儿子。【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。21．句意：爸爸是一名退休的巡逻官员。在他的辖区住着一个臭名昭著的家庭，其中包括一个苦苦挣扎的单身母亲和她的四个儿子。A.struggling“挣扎”；B.demanding“要求”；C.rewarding“奖励”；D.tiring“累人的”。根据下文“Thethreeoldersonswereall2incrime.”可知，那位单身母亲的三个儿子都犯罪，所以她是苦苦挣扎的。故选A。22．句意：三个儿子都卷入了犯罪。A.seated“坐下的”；B.dressed“穿着衣服的”；C.involved“参与的”；D.disappointed“失望的”。根据空后“incrime”可知是参与了犯罪。故选C。23．句意：许多巡逻人员认识这位母亲，反过来她也认识他们。A.inperson“亲自”；B.inturn“反过来”；C.inaddition“另外”；D.incontrast“对比”。根据语境可知，许多巡逻员和这位母亲互相认识，故选B。24．句意：当被问及儿子们的行踪时，她总是非常合作。A.hesitant“犹豫不决的”；B.energetic“精力充沛的”；C.guilty“内疚的”；D.cooperative“合作的”。根据下文“Duringtheirtalk,sheexpressedher6inregardtoheryoungestboy.Shefeltpowerlessin7himtothestraightandnarrow.”可知，那位母亲给作为警察的作者的爸爸说了很多，因此当被问及她儿子们在哪里时，她总是很配合。故选D。25．句意：有一次来访，我父亲聊了起来。A.struckup“开始对话，搭讪”；B.insistedon“坚持”；C.keptup“跟上”；D.brokeinto“闯入”。根据下文“Duringtheirtalk”可知，父亲与那位母亲有谈话，strikeupaconversion固定短语，“开始对话、搭讪”，故选A。26．句意：在他们的谈话中，她表达了对小儿子的担忧。A.appreciation“欣赏”；B.concern“担心”；C.belief“信念”；D.potential“潜力”。根据上文“Thethreeoldersonswereall2incrime”她的三个儿子都已犯罪，所以这个母亲是担心他最小的儿子也会步哥哥们的后尘，故选B。27．句意：她感到无力引导他走正路。A.driving“驾驶”；B.transporting“运输”；C.referring“参考”；D.guiding“引导”。根据空前“Shefeltpowerless”可知，她在教育儿子方面感到无力，不知道如何去引导，故选D。28．句意：我父亲同意提供他当场能想到的唯一解决方案。A.job“工作”；B.experience“经验”；C.solution“解决方案”；D.excuse“借口”。根据上文“Buttheenvironmentwouldnotallowit.”可知，她对引导孩子感到无力没有办法，父亲给她提供了能想到的解决方案，故选C。29．句意：男孩看到他从未接触过的家庭生活的另一面将是有益的。A.convenient“方便的”；B.beneficial“有益的”；C.efficient“高效的”；D.flexible“灵活的”。根据上文“Heaskedtheconcernedmotherifshewouldallowheryoungestboytospendthesummeratourhouse.”他问那位忧心忡忡的母亲，她是否允许她最小的男孩在我们家度过夏天。可知父亲认为允许她最小孩子在我们家度过夏天是有益的。故选B。30．句意：男孩看到他从未接触过的家庭生活的另一面将是有益的。A.entitled“标题”；B.glued“粘合”；C.exposed“使接触”；D.compared“比较”。根据语境可知，父亲的目的是让小男孩接触从未接触过的家庭生活，故选C。31．句意：虽然我们一定对他来说很陌生，但他毫不费力地适应了。A.fittingin“适合”；B.makingup“弥补”；C.reactingto“反应”；D.caringabout“关心”。根据下文“Thewholeneighborhoodwelcomedhimandhelovedthe12.”可知，小男孩很快就适应了新的环境，并且还受到邻居的欢迎。故选A。32．句意：整个社区都欢迎他，他喜欢这种关注。A.patience“耐心