Unit132d时态复习-九年级英语全册（人教版）

Unit13We'retryingtosavetheearth!

2d&时态复习讲练PollutionCausesAirpollutionRevisionTheairisbadlypollutedbecausetherearemorecarsontheroadthesedays.Factoriesthatburncoalalsopollutetheairwithalotofblacksmoke.Thereisalsotoomuchrubbishandwaste.Peoplearethrowingawaythingseveryday.Peoplearealsolitteringinpublicplaceslikeparks.Thisisturningbeautifulplacesintouglyones.Whatdoyouthinkhascausedthisproblem?Let’stalkaboutthethingswecandotohelp.Readtheconversationin2dandfillinthechart.PollutionWaystosolvetheproblemAirpollutionWastepollutionRideabike,takethebusorsubwayinsteadofdriving.Bringabagtogoshopping.Don’ttakewoodenchopsticksorplasticforkswhenyoubuytakeawayfood.Throwrubbishinthebins.Role-playtheconversation.2dInterviewer:JasonandSusan,whatareyourideasforsolvingthese

problems?Jason:Well,tocutdown

airpollution,weshouldtakethebusorsubwayinsteadofdriving.Susan:Yeah,orrideabike.Thereareotheradvantagesofbikeriding.It’sgoodforhealthanditdoesn’tcostanything!Interviewer:Greatideas!Whataboutwastepollution?Susan:Mmm,Ithinksimplethingslikebringing

abagtogoshoppingcanhelp.Istarteddoingthatayearago.Jason:Me,too.Also,InevertakewoodenchopsticksorplasticforkswhenIbuytakeawayfood.Iusetheonesathome.Susan:Andrememberto

throwrubbishinthebinsandkeeppublicplacescleanandbeautifulforeveryone.Interviewer:Sotogether,ouractionscanmakea

differenceandleadto

better

future!Whatshouldwedo?1.Weshouldtake_______or_______insteadofdriving.2.Weshouldalso__________________.It’sgoodforhealth!3.Bring_______togoshopping.4.Nevertake_________________or__________whenbuyingtakeawayfood.5.______________inthebinsandkeeppublicplacescleanandbeautiful.thebussubwayrideabikeabagwoodenchopsticksplasticforksThrowrubbishWhatshouldwedotosavetheearth?Turnoffthelightswhenyouleavearoom.Walkinginsteadoftakingcars.Stopusingpapertowelsornapkins.Recyclebooksandpaper.1.We'retryingtosavetheearth.2.Noscientificstudieshaveshownthatsharkfinsaregoodforhealth.3.Theairisbadlypolluted.4.Theriverusedtobesoclean.5.Weshouldhelpsavethesharks.GrammarFocus现在进行时usedto被动语态现在完成时情态动词现在进行时:表示说话时正在进行的，目前正在发生的动作。现在进行时现在完成时情态动词用来表示能力、应该、请求等,后接动词原形。被动语态被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。usedto

意为“过去常常”，表示过去习惯性的动作或常常存在的状态。情态动词Payattentiontothecircledparts.现在完成时：表示过去发生的动作与现在有关，指过去的动作对现在造成的影响、结果等。01现在进行时:Presentprogressive现在进行时基本结构基本用法标志词be(am,is,are)+ing

说话瞬间正在进行或发生的动作

现阶段或当前一段时间之内正在进行的动作now,look,listen,rightnow等动词-ing形式的构成一般情况下，在动词词尾后加-ing。如：go→going以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e加-ing。如:have→having以重读闭音节结尾的动词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加-ing。如：stop→stopping三、用法1.表示说话时正在进行的，目前正在发生的动作。

时间状语：now,atthemoment,,atpresent,以及当句首出现look(看)或listen(听)表示提醒时,后面的句子也要用现在进行时e.g.Look!Thebirdisflyingaway.看，那只鸟正在飞走。e.g.Heiswatchingamovienow.他现在正在看电影。

2、动词come,start,arrive,leave,go叫趋向动词,可用进行时态表将来，表示一种预先的“意图”或“安排”e.g.ManydoctorsareleavingforWuhannextweek.许多医生下周要动身去武汉。3、表示目前一段时间内正在进行，但说话时可能没有进行的动作

e.g.IamstudyingChineseontheInternetthesedays.

我这些天正通过互联网学习汉语。4、表示反复发生的动作，常与always，allthetime等连用，此时句子常含有说话者的强烈情感在内。表达较强的“责备”或“表扬”之意e.g.Heisalwaysthinkingofothers.他总是为别人着想。(表扬)e.g.Lilyisalwayslyingtoherteachers.

丽丽总是跟她的老师撒谎（责备）一、定义:①表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。②表示过去发生并且一直持续到现在的动作或状态,主句的谓语用延续性动词。二、结构:主语+have/has（助动词）+done肯定句：主语+have/has+done+其他否定句：主语+haven’t/hasn’t+done+其他一般疑问句：

Have/Has+主语+done+…？肯定答语：Yes,主语+have/has.否定答语：No,主语+haven’t/hasn’t.二、现在完成时规则变化:动词过去分词的变化规则示例Infinitive动词原形PastTense过去式变化规则looklooklookmovemovemovecarrycarrcarrstopstopstopededddededededPastParticiple过去分词一般动词，加ed以不发音的e结尾的动词，加d以y结尾，且y前是辅音字母的动词，变y为i，再加ed以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加edyiyippInfinitive动词原形PastTense过去式PastParticiple过去分词cutcutcutletletletputputputreadreadreadInfinitive动词原形PastTense过去式PastParticiple过去分词havehadhadmakemademadespendspentspenttelltoldtoldInfinitive动词原形PastTense过去式PastParticiple过去分词dodiddonebewas/werebeengowentgoneseesawseen不规则变化:A-A-A型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词都同形)A-B-B型(动词过去式、过去分词同形)A-B-C型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词都不同形)三、标志词：

already,yet,ever,never,before,uptonow,tillnow,sofar,延续性动词：since引导的短语和句子，for引导的短语。e.g.Hehasn’tcalledsincehewenttoBeijing.他自从去了北京还没有打来过电话。e.g.Ihavealreadyfinishedreadingthebook.我已经读完这本书了。e.g.Ihavenotheardfromhimyet.我还没收到他的来信。四、特殊情况：have/hasbeento

“曾经去过某地”,现在已经不在那里了。一般与表示频率的副词或次数连用。have/hasgoneto

“到某地去了”,表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中,即说话时该人不在现场,e.g.I

Beijingtwice.我去过北京两次了。(已经回来)e.g.Mymom

thesupermarket.我的妈妈去超市了。(人不在现场)havebeento

hasgonetoIjustmylunch.我刚吃过午饭。（现在不饿）一般过去时vs现在完成时①Imylunchinthedininghall.我是在餐厅吃的午饭。一般过去时单纯描述过去发生的动作。现在完成时表示过去发生的动作与现在有关，指过去的动作对现在造成的影响、结果等。hadhavehadNote1他离开上海已经3天了。HehasleftShanghaiforthreedays.HeShanghaiforthreedays.ItthreedayssinceheleftShanghai.ThreedayssinceheleftShanghai.HeShanghaithreedaysago.hasbeenawayfromis/hasbeenhaspassedleft一般过去时vs现在完成时②Note2短暂性动词的肯定式不能与表示一段时间的for或since或howlong等状语连用.短暂性动词usedtodo&beusedtodoingusedtodosth.

过去常常做某事(而现在不做了)1)否定句式：didn’tusetodosth.2)一般疑问句式：Did+主语+usetodosth.?3)附加疑问句式：…,didn’t+主语?e.g.Heusedtoeatsharkfinsoup.Hedidn’tusetoeatsharkfinsoup.Heusedtoeatsharkfinsoup,didn’the?02usedtodo&beusedtodoingbeusedto(doing)sth.

习惯于(做)某事e.g.I’m

usedtowalkingtoschoolnow.

我现在习惯步行去学校。

ThecityishotandwetandIhavebeenusedtoit.

这座城市又热又潮湿，而我已经习惯了这里。一、基本用法

本身有各种意义,但不能单独作谓语,只能和主要动词共同构成谓语,表示说话人的语气和情态,这类动词叫情态动词。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。其否定形式一般是在其后加not，一般疑问句通常将其提到句首。二、表示推测

除表示语气外，部分情态动词还可以表示推测四、情态动词情态动词及用法对比：

情态动词基本用法表示推测can能，会，可以可能can’t不会，不能不可能must必须，一定肯定musn’t一定不要，禁止may/might可以可能可能性大小：

情态动词基本用法例句should“应该”，表示要求或命令，也可以表示劝告或建议We

should

keep

the

air

fresh.shouldn’t“不应该”We

shouldn’t

waste

water.will“愿意”表示询问、请求，用于疑问句中，常用于第二人称Willyoupassmethebook？would“愿意”表示自愿做或主动提出做某事，如：意志、愿望或决心等Jane

said

she

would

not

go

with

Tom,

for

she

didn’t

like

him.其他的情态动词及用法:一、英语动词有主动语态和被动语态这两种语态主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者二、结构:主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+其他1.一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+done被做某事2.一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+done被做了某事3.一般将来时的被动语态：will（not）+be+done将(不)会被做某事4.含有情态动词的被动语态：should/must+be+done应该/必须被做某事

shouldn’t/mustn’t+be+done不应该/禁止被做某事五、被动语态被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，被动语态由“be+V-ed”构成。be随着主语人称和数以及时态的不同而变化。ItwasmadeinGermanyin1681.

它于1681年在德国制造。

1.不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者。Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.世界上越来越多的人说中文了。2.强调动作的承受者。

被动语态3.动作的执行者有较长的修饰语。Theplanwassupported

by

thosewhowishedtohavemorechancestospeakEnglish.

该计划得到了那些希望有更多机会讲英语的人的支持。4.出于礼貌，不愿意说出动作执行者。1)Youarerequestedtoattendthemeeting.请你参加会议。2)Iwastoldthatyouwerenothonestenough.有人告诉我你不够诚实。

三、主动语态变被动语态的注意事项小口诀：

宾变主，主变by+宾，谓语动词用被动（be+done）,其他成分不变。被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者谓语动词be(not)+done(V-ed)被动语态肯定句：主语+be+V-ed(+by…).否定句：主语+be+not+V-ed(+by…).一般疑问句：Be+主语+V-ed(+by…)?特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语+V-ed(+by…)?结构

定义构成时态主动语态一般现在时do/does一般过去时did一般将来时will/shall/begoingto+do现在完成时have/hasdone现在进行时am/is/aredoing过去进行时was/weredoing被动语态am/is/are+donewas/were+donewill/shall/begoingto+be+donehave/has+beendoneam/is/are+beingdonewas/were+beingdone

练：Finally,thepoliceofficercaughtthethief.(改为被动语态)Finally,thethief________________bythepoliceofficer.wascaught四、易错点：

主动语态中有些感官动词（如hear,see,watch,notice等）和使役动词（如make,let等）后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态时，要把不定式符号to还原。hear/see

sb.

do

sth.→sb.

be

heard/seen

to

do

sth.make

sb.

do

sth.→sb.

be

made

to

do

sth.

tickets___online.

It

is

convenient.A.

soldB.

were

soldC.

are

soldD.

have

sold

English

singing

competition___so

successfully

last

week

that

we

look

forward

to

the

next

one.A.

holdsB.

held

C.

is

heldD.

was

held

gifts___by

children

in

their

last

summer

holidays.A.

madeB.

were

madeC.

makeD.

are

made

money___when

we

use

both

sides

of

paper.A.

will

saveB.

was

savedC.

has

savedD.

will

be

savedCDBDJoe:__________youever__________(take)partinaenvironmentalproject?Ken:Yes,Ihave.I_____(help)withaClean-UpDaylastyear.Itwas____________

____(consider)thebiggestclean-upprojectthiscity______ever______(have).Joe:Howmanypeople__________(take)part?Havetakenhelpconsideredtobehadhadhavetaken4a.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.Ken:I__________(think)morethan1,000people______________(come)tohelpout.Joe:That’sfantastic!Iguesseveryoneinthiscityis_______(try)toimprovetheenvironment.Ken:Yes,wecan’taffordto___________(wait)anylongertotakeaction!thinkhavecometryingwaiting1.Youarenotallowedtoplaywithfireintheforest.It____killplants,animalsandevenpeople.A.might

B.mightnot C.should

D.shouldnot(2020昆明)2.—Allen,shallwegotothebookstorethisafternoon?—I’msorry.David,butI____meetmycousinatthetrainstation.A.haveto B.can C.may D.could(2020青岛)A情态动词A3.Accordingtothetrafficlaw,childrenunder12_____ridebicyclesontheroad.A.won’tB.wouldn’tC.needn’tD.mustn’t(2020上海)4.I_____belate,sodon’twaitformetostartthemeeting.A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.need D.may(2020天津)DD1.—Couldyouplaythepianoattheageoffive?—No,I______.Istartedatsix.(2021江苏常州)A.can’tB.shouldn’tC.needn’tD.couldn’t2.—MustIreturnthisbookbeforeFriday,Sir?—No,you________,dear.Youcankeepitfortwoweeks.

(2021江苏南通)A.can’tB.shouldn’tC.mustn’tD.needn’tD情态动词D3.—HowlongcanIkeepthesebooks?—Accordingtothelibraryrules,you________returnthemwithin7days.(2021海南)A.mustB.mightC.could4.—You________takephotoshere!Lookatthesign.Itsays“Nophotos”.

—Sorry,Iwon’t.(2021云南)

A.must B.need C.mustn’t D.needn’tAC1.Since1989,ProjectHope_____millionsofyoungpeoplefrompoorfamiliesachievetheirdreamsofgoingtoschool.A.willhelp B.helps

C.hashelped D.ishelping(2020昆明)2.—Bequick,Sara!Thetaxiiswaitingforusoutside.

—Amoment,please.I_____somevisitorsourproducts.

A.showed B.amshowing

C.wasshowing D.show(2020营口)CB现在进行时现在完成时&3.—It’s20yearssincewecamebacktoLiangshan.—Howtimeflies!We___inourhometownforsuchalongtime.A.Work B.worked

C.hasworked D.haveworked(2020凉山)4.—Ourcity,Shaoyang,isgettingcleanerandcleanerdaybyday.—Yeah.We___anationalmodern,civilizedhygiene(文明卫生)city.A.createB.arecreating

C.created(2020邵阳)DB1.IjoinedthebookclublastmonthandI______fivebooksalready.(2021贵州毕节)A.amreadingB.haveread C.willread D.read2.—MissZhangseemsquitefamiliarwithYunnanProvince.—Don’tyouknow?She_______atownschoolthereasavolunteerteacherforover2years.(2021江苏南通)A.isin B.hasgonetoC.hasbeenin D.hasbeentoBC现在进行时现在完成时&3.Look!Someoldpeople________inthepark.(2021广西桂林)A.sings B.sing C.aresinging4.—Don’tmakenoise!Thechildren________online.—Sorry,Iwon’t.(2021四川凉山)A.studies

B.arestudying

C.studied D.werestudying5.—Peter,whatareyoudoing?—Oh,I________areportaboutnationalheroes.(2021北京)A.willwrite B.amwriting

C.wrote D.havewrittenCBB1.Howdeliciousthecakeis!It____bymygrandmotherthismorning.A.made B.ismade C.wasmade(2020吉林)2.—Mr.White,whenshallIhandinmyreport?—Assoonasit____tomorrow.A.finishes B.willfinish

C.willbefinished D.isfinished(2020鄂州)CD被动语态3.Manysuccessfulbusinessmen____toHainantogiveadviceonhowtobuildHainanFreeTradePort.A.inviteB.areinvited C.areinviting(2020海南)4.—Yourhometownisfamousfortea,right?—Yes.Nowteaplants____onmostmountainshere.A.willgrowB.aregrownC.weregrown(2020福建)BB1.Ourschoollibrary________withplants,lovelydesksandchairs,soIfeelrelaxedwhilestudyingorreadingthere.(2021江苏南京)decorates

B.decorated C.isdecorated D.wasdecorating2.—Whydosomewhaleshaveto_________?—Becausehumanscatchwhalesformeat,fatandoil.Someofthemare_________.(2021四川达州)A．protect;dangerous B．protect;endangeredC．beprotected;dangerousD．beprotected;endangeredCD被动语态3.Alotofteenagersthinkastheyareolderandwiser,they________tomaketheirowndecisions.(2021云南昆明)A.shouldallowB.shouldn’tallowC.shouldbeallowedD.shouldn’tbeallowed4.Theblender________formakingabananamilkshakejustnow.(2021湖南岳阳)A.willbeusedB.wasusedC.isused5.Manyresearchlabs________inthenext5yearstodevelopscienceandtechnologyinChina.(2021福建)A.arebuilding B.willbebuilt C.werebuiltCBBusedto1.—Tom_______everyday.

—Really?Butwhyishesoweaknow?

(2021青海)usedtoexerciseB.isusedtoexercisingC.usedtostayuplate2.I________sleepverywell,butthenIstarteddoingyogaanditreallyhelps.(2020甘肃武威)didn’tuseto B.usedto C.wasusedto D.wasn’tusedtoAAFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.4aJoe:_____youever______(take)partinanenvironmentalproject?Eric:Yes,Ihave.I______(help)withaClean-UpDaylastyear.Itwas__________(consider)thebiggestclean-upprojectthiscity____ever____(have).Havetakenhelpedconsideredhadhad参加Joe:Howmanypeople____(take)part?Eric:I_____(think)morethan1,000people______(come)tohelpout.Joe:That’sfantastic!Iguesseveryoneinthiscityis______(try)toimprovetheenvironment.Eric:Yes,wecan’taffordto____(wait)anylongertotakeaction!tookthinkcametryingwaitv.

承担得起(后果);买得起affordWecan’tafford

towaitanylongertotakeaction!我们承担不起继续等待而不采取行动！

affordv.

承担得起;买得起;提供,给予

常与can,beableto等连用,多用于否定句或疑问句。

affordsth.

买得起/承受得起某物

affordtodosth.

有能力做某事/负担得起做某事e.g.Canyouaffordthemobilephone?Wecan’tafford

topaysuchaprice.Fillintheblankswiththeappropriatemodalverbsfromthebox.4bPeople______thinkthatbigthings______bedonetosavetheearth.Manyforgetthatsavingtheearthbeginswithsmallthings.Forexample,you_______saveelectricitybyturningoffthelightswhenyouleavearoom.You_____alsousereusablebagsinsteadofplasticbags.Ithinkit’sagreatideathatyounow______payforplasticbagsinsomestores.Andinsteadofdrivingtoschoolorwork,you_________rideyourbikeorwalk.Ifit’sfar,you________takethebus.Allthesesmallthings________addupandbecomebigthingsthat_______improvetheenvironment.Let’stakeactionsnow!canwouldcouldhavetoshouldmustmay/mightmaymustcouldcouldshouldhavetocancanwouldadj.可重复使用的；可再次使用的付费；付出代价采取行动Makealistofthingsthatpeoplecandotohelptheenvironmentanddiscussyourlistwithyourpartner.4cIthinkthateveryoneshouldusepublictransportation.Idisagree.It’sdifficultforparentswithyoungchildrentousepublictransportation...usepublictransportationn.运输业；交通运输It'severyone’sdutytoprotecttheenvironment.Anditshouldbeginfromeveryaspectofourdailylife.Onlybychangingthewaywetreattheenvironmentcanwegetalongwellwithit.Onlybysavingtheearthcanwesaveourselves.Ithinkthateveryoneshouldusepublictransportation.Idisagree.It’sdifficultforparentswithyoungchildrentousepublictransportation…Wecan’tafford

towaitanylongertotakeaction!我们承担不起继续等待而不采取行动！

affordv.

承担得起;买得起;提供,给予

常与can,beableto等连用,多用于否定句或疑问句。

affordsth.