Book3Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars高考英语单元高频知识点

Book3Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars单元高频知识点一遍过Ⅰ.高频单词回忆用所给单词的正确形式填空1.Theyoungmanwaschargedwithrobberywith(violent).答案：violence单元高频回忆2.Smokingis

(harm)toone'shealth.

答案：harmful3.Accordingtosomephilosopher，everythingin

(exist)isreasonable.答案：existence4.Theteacher'sexplanationclarifythe

(puzzle)problem.5.Wehavea

(biological)lessontomorrow.

答案：puzzling答案：biology6.Shesangtothemusicwithherhandwaving

(gentle).答案：gently7.Thetempleissupportedby

(mass)columns.答案：massive8.Wecanseethedusts

(float)inthesunlightclearly.答案：floating9.Herideais

(fundamental)sound，evenifshesayssillythingsometimes.答案：fundamentally10.Aperson，

(like)machine，isnotreplaceable.答案：unlike7.

突发；爆发6.

既然5.

挡住(光线)4.感到快乐；感到振奋3.

轮到某人；接着2.

下蛋Ⅱ.核心短语回忆1.及时，终于intimelayeggsinone'sturncheerupblockoutnowthatbreakoutwatchout8.密切注视；留神；提防Ⅲ.重点句型强化1.Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.[信息提取]itis＋adj.＋

whether从句，it为形式主语，而whether从句为真正的主语。[例句仿写]

他是否能生存下来，还不得而知。Itremaineduncertain

.答案：whetherhecouldsurvive2.Thisproducedachainreaction，whichmadeitpossible

forlifetodevelop.[信息提取]

it作形式宾语，在句中代替forlifetodevelop。[例句仿写]他的缺勤使得按时完成工作更困难了。Hisabsencemadeitdifficult

ontime.答案：tofinishthework3.LastmonthIwasluckyenoughtohaveachanceto

makeatripintospacewithmyfriendLiYanping，an

astronomer.[信息提取]

be/feellucky/fortunateenoughtodosth.有幸干某事。[例句仿写]我觉得很幸运能见到他们。I

havemetthem.答案：feellucky/fortunateenoughto4.Walkingdoesneedabitpracticenowthatgravityhaschanged.[信息提取]句中nowthat＝since，意为“既然〞，引导原因状语从句，有时此结构中的that可以省去。[例句仿写]既然已完成了工作，你就应该好好休息一下。Yououghttohaveagoodrest

you'vefinishedthework.

答案：nowthat5.破解疑难句典句Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown，waterbegantoappearonitssurface.分析此句为主从复合句，“Whatisevenmoreimportant”从句为整个句子的主语，而“thatastheearthcooleddown，waterbegantoappearonitssurface”从句为整个句子的表语。在此表语从句中含有as引导的时间状语从句，既表语从句本身也是一个主从复合句。试译更为重要的是，随着地球冷却下来，地球的表面开始出现了水。Ⅳ.话题交际语用

指示(Instructions)1.Youshould

yourwork.你应该把注意力放到工作上。2.Don't

thedoorbeforeyouleave.你离开前不要忘记锁门。3.You

haveanotherthink.你最好再想一想。focusyourattentiononforgettolockhadbetter6.Haveyouallyourluggage？你全部行李都存放了吗？5.

！There'sacarcoming.

小心！汽车来了。4.youreadallthesmallprintbeforesigning.一定要先看清小号字体印刷局部再签字。MakesureWatchoutcheckedharmfuladj.有害的Smokinghasaharmfuleffectonourhealth.吸烟有害于我们的健康。Freezingwinterisharmfultoorangetrees.

冰冻天气对桔子树是有害的。高频单词释义harmlessadj.

无害的harmn.

伤害，损害donoharm无害doharmto.../do...harm损害……Thereisnoharmintrying.不妨试试。Hemeansnoharmbysayingwhathethinks，butpeopletendtobeupsetbyit.他想到就说，并无恶意，但人们听了心里总不舒服。①Idon'tthinkyoushouldpunishthemforthis—itwouldprobably.我认为你们不应该为此处分他们——这样做可能弊多利少。②Beingexposedtosunlightfortoomuchtimeone'sskin.暴露在阳光下太久将对一个人的皮肤有害。domoreharmthangoodwilldoharmtoexistvi.存在；生存existin存在于……中existon靠……生活/生存existas作为……而存在，以……形态存在existencen.存在；生活bringintoexistence使发生，使产生，使成立comeintoexistence＝begintoexist产生；成立；开始存在inexistence现存的；存在的ThetechnologyforperformingBianlianinChuanOperaonlyexistsinChina.川剧中变脸的技术仅在中国存在。①They'repaidhardlyenoughto

.他们收入微薄，几乎无法维持生活。②Whendidtheworld

？世界是什么时候产生的？③ThisistheoldestHebrewmanuscript

.这是现存最早的希伯来语手稿。existoncomeintoexistenceinexistencepuzzlen.迷，难题，困惑vt.&vi.(使)迷惑，(使)为难Herdecisionwasapuzzletohim.她的决定对他来说是个谜。Thequestionpuzzledthem.这个问题把他们给难住了。beinapuzzle不知如何是好puzzleabout冥思苦想puzzleover苦苦思考puzzledadj.

困惑的，迷惑不解的puzzlingadj.令人迷惑不解的puzzlementn.

迷惘，困惑①Iam

aboutwhathesaid.我对他说的话迷惑不解。②Ihavebeenpuzzled

thisquestionforweeksnow.我对这个问题已冥思苦想好几个星期了。③Helookedalittle

.他看上去有点困惑。④It'sallvery

.这都很使人莫名其妙。inapuzzleaboutpuzzledpuzzlingmassn.

质量，团，块，大量(pl.)群众massesof大量，许多的amassof许多的，大量；一群(团)inthemass大体上，大致上the(great)massof大多数，大局部①

almostpure，whitecloudlaybelowus.一团近乎纯白的云彩漂浮在我们下面。②Therewas

peoplearoundtheclubentrance.俱乐部门口聚集着一大群人。Amassofamassof【注意】

amassof/massesof大量的，许多的，此短语既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。Therewas/isamassofchildrenintheyard.在庭院里有很多孩子。Massesofheavysmokearegatheringnow.大量的浓烟正聚集。intime及时；终于，总有一天Youwillsucceedintimebecauseyouarealwaysworkinghard.你迟早会成功的，因为你一直在努力工作。核心短语释义innotime立即；马上atatime一次；每次atonetime曾经；一度attimes有时aheadoftime提前forthetimebeing暂时takeone'stime别着急；慢慢来It'stimetodosth./It'stimethatsb.did/shoulddosth.到了某人做某事的时间It/Thisisthefirst/secondtimesb.have/hasdone...是某人第……次做……(完成时)each/everytime(在从句中作连词)每当……，每次……①Don‘trecitealltogether，

.不要一起背诵，一次一个。②Thisisthefirsttimethathe

theGreatWall.这是他第一次参观长城。③We'llhavethatleakfixed

.我们马上就把那个漏洞补上。oneatatimehasvisitedinnotimenowthat既然Now(that)youmentionit，Idoremembertheincident.经你一提，我想起那件事了。Nowyou'vepassedyourtest，youcandriveonyourown.你驾驶考试既已合格，就可以单独开车了。

nowthat，because，since，as，for(1)nowthat是固定短语，意为“既然，由于〞，引导原因状语从句，that可省略。(2)because“因为〞，表示直接的或不为人所知的原因。(3)since“既然〞(可与nowthat互换)，侧重主句。(4)as“由于〞，表示显而易见或已为人所知的原因。(5)for“因为〞，并列连词，引导一个分句，不能置于句首。①

youaregrown­up，youmuststopthischildishbehavior.既然你们已经长大，你们必须停止这种幼稚的行为。②Hewasabsentfromthemeeting

hewasillyesterday.昨天他没参加会议是因为他病了。③Wearstrongshoes

weshalldoalotofwalking.穿上结实的鞋子，因为我们要走不少路。④Itmusthaverainedlastnight，

thegroundiswet.昨晚肯定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。Nowthat/Since

becauseasforTheearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.地球变得剧烈动乱，不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。经典句型点拨此句运用了“so...that...如此……以至于……〞结构，that从句为结果状语从句；so＋形容词和副词。同义结构为：such...that...，但是such后应接名词。Herunssofastthatalmostnoonecanfollowhim.他跑地如此地快，几乎没人能跟上他。①Maryisaclevergirleveryonelovesher.Mary是如此聪明的女孩，每个人都喜欢她。suchthatThisproducedachainreaction，whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.这就产生了一系列的反响，使得生命就可能开展了。it作形式宾语，在句中可代替动名词、不定式、从句。

it作形式主语，常用句型有：It's＋adj.＋forsb.todosth.对某人来说做某事……It's＋adj.＋ofsb.todosth.

某人如此……而做某事It'ssaid/reported/thoughtthat...

据说/报道/认为……It'sapity/ashame/awonderthat...可惜/遗憾/奇怪的是……Ithappens/appears/seemsthat...恰巧；好似……It'suptosb.todosth.该某人做某事It'sdifficultformetolearnphysicswell.对我来说，学好物理很难。①Weconsideritnouse.我们认为与他争论毫无意义。②Ithappenedwhenwecalled.我们打时，碰巧他们出去了。arguingwithhimthattheywereoutButwhenItriedtostepforward，IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.而当我试着向前迈步的时候，我觉察我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。倍数的表达方式(1)“A＋倍数＋形容词或副词的比较级＋than＋B〞，表示“A比B大(长、高、宽等)多少倍〞。(2)“A＋倍数＋as＋形容词或副词的原级＋as＋B〞，表示“A是B的多少倍〞(3)“A＋倍数＋thesize/height/length/width，etc.＋of＋B〞，表示“A是B的多少倍〞。(4)A＋倍数＋what从句Theoutputofcarsin2021is4timesgreaterthanthatof2021.2021年小轿车的产量是2021年的5倍。①Myincomeistwice

yours.我的收入是你的2倍。②Myhouseistwice

.我的房子是他的两倍大。asmuchasthesizeofhis主语从句1.

intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure­mailaccount.A.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires单元语法回忆解析：本句的结构为Itis＋动词的过去分词＋that引导的主语从句。经常用于这种结构的动词还有say，report，think，hope，expect，consider，suggest等。答案：C2.

madetheschoolproudwas

morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A.What；becauseB.What；thatC.That；whatD.That；because解析：what引导主语从句，在主语从句中作主语；th