Unit+3+Reading+and+Thinking高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册

新人教版高中英语选择性必修四Unit3SeaExploration

ReadingandThinkingTodevelopyourinterestinoceanlivesandvoyagestories.Toidentifytypesofthetextandsummarizethemainideaofeachpart.Todevelopyourreadinghabits,likegeneralreading,scanningfordetailsandanalyzingofthepassagestructure.Pre-readingThey(oceans)provideabreedinggroundforlife,connecttheworldandpromotedevelopment.---XiJinping

习近平海洋孕育了生命，联通了世界，促进了发展。Whatseaanimalsandplantsdoyouknow?sharkseaturtledolphinwhaleseahorseseaweedcoral珊瑚LearnaboutseaexplorationPre-readingDoyouknowanystoriesaboutseavoyages?Shareyourstorywithapartner.HistoryandFactsFrom1405to1433,ZhengHewentonseventripsandvisited

South-EastAsia,

theMiddleEastandeventheeastcoastofAfrica.AtlanticOceanPacificOceanIndianOceanAsiaEuropeAfricaOceaniaNorthAmericaSouthAmericaPacificOceantheCapeofGoodHopetheSpiceIslandsIndiaAmericasSpainChristopherColumbus(1451-1506)madefourtripsacrosstheAtlanticOceanfromSpain:in1492,1493,1498and1502.HewasdeterminedtofindadirectwaterroutewestfromEuropetoAsia,butheneverdid.Instead,hestumbledupon(偶然发现)theAmericas.VascodaGama(1460-1524)sailedfromLisbonin1497onamissiontoreachIndiaandopenasearoutefromWesternEuropetotheeastbywayofthe

CapeofGoodHope(好望角).AtlanticOceanPacificOceanIndianOceanAsiaEuropeAfricaOceaniaNorthAmericaSouthAmericaPacificOceantheCapeofGoodHopetheSpiceIslandsIndiaSpainAtlanticOceanPacificOceanIndianOceanAsiaEuropeAfricaOceaniaNorthAmericaSouthAmericaPacificOceantheCapeofGoodHopetheSpiceIslandsSpainFerdinandMagellan(1480-1521)sailedwestfromSpainin1519acrosstheAtlanticandPacificoceansanddiscoveredaroutebywhichshipscouldsailacompletecirclearoundtheworld.TheStraitsofMagellan(麦哲伦海峡),locatedattheSoutherntipofSouthAmericaarenamedforhim.While-readingReadforgenre.Therearefourmajortypesofessay:narrative,descriptive,expository说明文,andargumentative议论文.

[ɪkˈspɒzɪtərɪ]①Narrative:astorywithabeginning+middle+end.②Descriptive:asubject+interestingdetails③Expository:asubject+factualinformation④Argumentative

:anidea+toconvincethereaderListentothepassageandmatchthemainideaofeachparagraph.Readformainidea.Para.1

A.Chinaisalsojoiningwithothercountriesonotherimportantprojects.Para.2 B.TravelfromeasttowestbeganlongbeforeColumbus.Para.3 C.Inancienttimes,traveleasttowestwasontheSilkRoad.Para.4 D.ZhengHe’sseavoyagesbuiltrelationswithothercountries.Para.5 E.The21stCenturyMaritimeSilkRoadhasencouragedcooperationandstrengthenedthebondsbetweenChinaandtherestoftheworld.Para.6 F.Chinaisalsojoiningwithothercountriesonotherimportantprojects.ReachingoutAcrosstheSea(anexpositoryessay)Para.1Para.2~3Para.4~5Para.6inthepastintroductiontothetopicinthefutureatpresentHowChinesepeoplehaveconductedseaexplorationsovertime.TimeOrderReadforstructure.Howisthepassagedeveloped?Whichisintroducedineachexploration?TimeRegionResult/PurposeinancienttimesinMingDynastytodayinthefutureTimesequence/order.inrecentyearsReadfordetails.(Finishthetimeline)inancienttimesintheMingDynastytodayinrecentyearsfarintothefutureTimeRegionPurpose/SignificanceIndia,theMiddleEast,Rome,thecoastsoftheIndianOceanandSriLankatheSouthChinaSea,theIndianOcean,themouthoftheRedSea,theeastcoastofAfricatheancientsearoutestravelledbyZhengHe,theBeltandRoadAreatheArcticunknownnegotiatetradedeals,culturalawarenessdeveloprelationsencouragecooperationandtrade,strengthenthebonds,developthewholeareaforthebenefitoffuturetradeandculturalexchangetradeandenhancerelationshipsunderstandclimatechangeanditseffectsPara.2Para.5Para.4Para.3Para.6Readfordetails.Scanthetextandfillinthetablewiththecorrectnames.NameDescriptionThenameofthetraderoutebetweenChinaandtheWestItskingssentgiftssuchasgiraffestoChinaAnareacurrentlybeingexploredforscientificreasonsAdestinationofsilkandamajorEuropeancapitaltheSilkRoadAfricanroyalfamiliestheArcticRomeReadfordetails.

NameDescriptionThemoderncountrynameforCeylonThehistoricalperiodwhenChinaexpandedmaritimeexplorationtootherregionsTheauthorofRecordofMyTravelsThecommanderofthesevenfleetsThepersonwhowrotestoriesthatinspiredEuropeanexplorersSriLankatheMingDynastyDuHuanZhengHeMarcoPoloPost-readingGroupDiscussion1.Whichcountriesreachedoutacrosstheseainthepastandwhy?2.Whatbenefitsandproblemsdidthosecountriesgetfromdoingthis?3.Whateffectsdidreachingoutacrosstheseainthepasthaveontheworld?4.WhatdoyouthinkisthesignificanceoftheBeltandRoadInitiative?QuestionFactOpinionEuropeanexplores,China,India,Ceylon,Africanroyalfamilies;Fortrade1234Theygotnewproductsfrommanycountriesandbecamemoreawareofothercultures;Itledtoinvasionandconquest.Thelandandsearoutesremainedactivechannelsbetweendifferentculturesforcenturies;Itadvancedthespreadofknowledge,technology,andgoods,andmadetheworldasmallerplace.TheaimofitistoencouragecooperationandtradeacrossthehistoricalSilkRoadareas,andstrengthenthebondsbetweenChinaandtherestoftheworldItwillleadtogreaterintegrationwithChinaandothercountries.Itwillpromotejointdevelopment,enhancemutuallybeneficialcooperationanddevelopcommonprosperityAretherequestionsdiscussedonthesameaspect?Whenyouthinkaboutonehistoricalorcontemporaryevent,whichaspectsshouldyouconsidertogainafullunderstanding?GroupDiscussionTime,event,region,purposeorsignificance…LanguagePoints

ReachingoutAcrosstheSeaTradeandcuriosityhaveoftenformedthefoundationofmankind'sgreatestachievements.Tocompletethegreatmapoftheworldwasastrongpassionforthepeopleofearlycivilisations.MarcoPolo'stales

inspiredEuropeanexplorerstosearchforsearoutesfromwesttoeast.However,merchantsandexplorersfromtheEastsetsailfromeasttowestmanyyearsbeforeColumbusfirstdid.

1form/laythefoundationof...

为......打下基础

TuYouyou___________________________________ofhersuccessbyhardworkandperseverance.laid/formedthefoundationHowever,merchantsandexplorersfromtheEastsetsailfromeasttowestmanyyearsbeforeColumbusfirstdid.2句意：然而，来自于东方的商人和探险家比哥伦布从东向西航行早了许多年。setsail

起航；开航

setsailfor...起航前往...高考结束后，我们将告别彼此并启航驶向未知的未来。AftertheCollegeEntranceExamination,wewillbidfarewelltoeachotherand___________________.setsailforanunknownfuturesetout动身，出发，开始+todosthsetabout(doing)开始做某事，攻击setoff出发，动身,引爆setapart分开，区别setaside放置一旁，不理会，留出setdown记下，（使）放下/坐下set

back向后移，推迟，拨慢（钟表）

Inancienttimes,silkfromChinafounditswayoverlandtoIndia,theMiddleEast,andRome,alongwhatbecameknownastheSilkRoad.AtradingrouteacrosstheseawasalsoextendedalongthecoastsoftheIndianOcean,centredaroundCeylon(nowSriLanka).Here,merchantsfromChinaandmanyotherplacesmettonegotiatetradedeals,whichalsoledtomoreawarenessofeachother'scultures.Overthecenturies,furthertradingallowedmoreexplorationoftheregionstothewestofChina,asrecorded

inDuHuan'sRecordofMyTravelsintheeighthcentury.句意：在古代，中国丝绸经由一条陆路运到印度、中东和罗马，这条路就是有名的“丝绸之路”。Inancienttimes,silkfromChinafounditswayoverlandtoIndia,theMiddleEast,andRome,alongwhatbecameknownastheSilkRoad.3what引导宾语从句what引导名词性从句什么......的人/事/物/地方......主语宾语表语从句中中文意义1.Hehasgotwhathewants.2.Thegirlisnolongerwhatsheusedtobe.3.Afterwhatseemedlikehourshecameoutwithabittersmile.从句中作宾语从句中充当表语从句中充当主语表示“……的人或的样子表示“……的东西或事情”表示“……的时间”

似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。4.In1492,ColumbusreachedwhatisnowcalledAmerica.1492年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。表示“……的地方”从句中充当主语

IwasamazedbythesizeofZhengHe’streasureship.WhatamazedmewasthesizeofZhengHe’streasureship.

ZhengHewasbornintheregionwhichisnowYunnanprovincetoMuslimparents.用what引导的名词性从句改写句子。ZhengHewasbornwhatisnowYunnanprovincetoMuslimparents.

AtradingrouteacrosstheseawasalsoextendedalongthecoastsoftheIndianOcean,centredaroundCeylon(nowSriLanka).3extendvt.扩展；使伸长；延长

vi.延伸

，扩展，持续YongleEmperortriedto______________________beyondthebordersbysendingsevenmaritimeexpeditions.永乐帝尽力想要通过七次海上探险将中国的影响力延伸到版图之外。extendChina’sinfluence

Wedecidedto_______________byanotherday.我们决定将访问延长一天。extendourvisitHere,merchantsfromChinaandmanyotherplacesmettonegotiatetradedeals,whichalsoledtomoreawarenessofeachother’scultures.4句意：在这里，来自中国和许多其他地方的商人聚集在一起谈判贸易协议，这也使人们更加了解彼此的文化。negotiatevt.商定；达成（协议）

vi.谈判；磋商；协商negotiateabout(for)sth.就某事进行交涉negotiatewithsb.与某人进行交涉（以达成协议）1.Thegovernmentwillnotnegotiate____terrorists.2.Thetwocountriesarenegotiating______apeacefulsettlement.withforOverthecenturies,furthertradingallowedmoreexplorationoftheregionstothewestofChina,asrecordedinDuHuan'sRecordofMyTravelsintheeighthcentury.5asrecorded是过去分词作方式状语，是as(itis）recorded的省略。用于此句式的这类动词，多是“计划，想象，预料，叙述，描述，提及，说及，显示，指出”之类的词，常见的还有：asexpected正如预料的那样asimagined正如想象的那样asarranged/planned正如计划的那样asseenfromabove正如从上述看的那样assaid

before正如说过的（那样）asmentioned正如提到的（那样）Later,theMingDynastyfurtherdevelopedrelationswiththeseregions.Between1405and1433,sevenlargefleetssailedwestonvoyagesoftradeandexploration.Thesefleetswereasighttobehold

andwereinaleagueoftheirownatthattime.UnderthecommandofZhengHe,theysetsailfromtheSouthChinaSeaacrosstheIndianOceantothemouthoftheRedSea,andthentotheeastcoastofAfrica.Africanroyalfamiliessentgiftssuchasgiraffesasgesturesoffriendshipinreturnforgold,silk,andspices.AlthoughChinawithdrewfromfurtherexpeditionsafter1433,theselandandsearoutesremainedactivechannelsbetweenotherculturesforcenturies.

command的用法：1）用作名词n.命令，指挥；司令部，指挥部；[计算机]指令；控制力)Thearmyisundertheking'sdirectcommand.军队由国王直接统帅。underone’scommandunderthecommandofsb由……指挥/统帅HehasagoodcommandofFrench.他的法文很好。

haveagoodcommandof精通/擅长......Thegeneralissuedacommandthatallofthemshouldcomeatsixo'clock.将军颁布了一道命令,所有的人都要在六点钟到。

issueacommand发布命令2）command用作动词：

vt.指挥，控制，命令；命令

vi.给出命令；命令，指令；command后接宾语从句时，需用虚拟语气：sb.+（should）+动词原形。同义转换：Icommandhimtogoatonce.Icommandthat__________________.翻译：Hewastoldtocommandhistemper.

he(should)goatonce

他被告知要控制自己的脾气。

AlthoughChinawithdrewfromfurtherexpeditionsafter1433,theselandandsearoutesremainedactivechannelsbetweenotherculturesforcenturies.9句意：尽管1433年后中国停止了进一步的探索，但在随后的几个世纪，这些陆地和海洋路线仍是与其他文化之间的活跃通道。withdrawvi.&vt.（使）撤回；撤离

(withdrew,withdrawn)withdrawfromsth.退出；离开；从……提取例：一直有人呼吁英国退出欧盟。TherehavebeencallsforBritainto___________theEU.withdrawfromChinahasalsojoineditsfriendsacrosstheseaonotherimportantprojects.AlthoughtheancientsearoutesofZhengHehavebeentravelledmanytimes,therearestillmanyotherplaceslefttoexplore.Inrecentyears,ChinahasjoinedothernationsonseveralexpeditionstoexploretheArctic.Fromascientificpointofview,thereisanurgentneedtostudytheArcticinordertounderstandclimatechangeanditseffects.

Hundredsofyearson,andwiththelatesttechnologyinhand,theneedtotradeandthedesiretoenhancerelationshipswilldriveChinatoreachoutacrosstheseafarintothefuture.10…therearestillmanyotherplaceslefttoexplore.结构：“therebe＋名词＋非谓语动词作定语”1）Therearemanyyoungpeople_______(work)inthefields.2）Thereweretenpeople______(kill)intheaccident.3）Therewasnobody_________(look)afterthekid.working现在分词作定语表主动进行killed过去分词分词作定语表被动完成tolook不定式作定语表动作未发生有时过去分词也可表状态。Thereweresomeoldmanseatedintheback.11.Fromascientificpointofview,thereisanurgentneedtostudytheArcticinorderto

understandclimatechange